>895 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 

GIFT  OF 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
COUNTY  MEDICAL  SOCIETY 


DEPARTMENT    OF    COMMERCE 
BUREAU   OF  THE   CENSUS 

WM.  J.  HARRIS,  Director 


'"On  — 


INSANE  AND  FEEBLE-MINDED 

IN   INSTITUTIONS 

1910 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

1914 


Biomedieitt 
LibratT 

lb 
lJS23i. 

CONTENTS. 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

STATISTICAL  SUMMARY. 

Page. 

iNTRODUcno;^ ]  1-14 

Earlier  censuses 11 

Comparative  summary:  1850  to  1910 '2 

Question  of  the  increase  of  insanity 13 

Analysis  op  the  statistics 15-63 

Comparison,  by  states 15-19 

Increase,  by  states 19-21 

Age ; 22-25 

At  the  date  of  the  census , 22 

WTien  first  admitted "2 

Ratio  to  total  population 22 

Admissions  as  an  index  of  insanity 24 

Proportion  of  insane  in  hospitals -S 

Race  and  nativity "25 

Insanity  among  immigrants 1.5-34 

Age  periods 26 

Influence  of  the  age  factor - 27 

Other  points  of  difference 27 

Comparison  with  other  classes 27 

Geographic  di\'isions '28 

States ; 30 

Nationalities  according  to  country  of  birth 31 

Length  of  time  in  the  United  States 32 

Insanity  among  negroes - 34-36 

Northern  negroes  compared  with  Southern 34 

Comparison  by  age  periods 35 

Compared  with  the  foreign-bom  white 36 

Native  and  foreign  parentage 30-40 

Sex : 40-14 

Ratio  of  males  to  females 40 

Ratio  to  total  population 41 

Sex  and  age 41 

Illiteracy 45^7 

Marital  condition 47, 48 

Occupations 48, 49 

City  and  country 49-53 

Sex 50 

Race  and  nativity •''1 

States 52 

General  paralysis  and  alcoholic  psychosis 53-59 

City  and  country 54 

Age 55 

Sex : 55 

Sex  and  age -. 56 

Race,  nati\-ity,  and  parentage 57 

Length  of  time  in  hospitals ''')  ""^ 

Duration  of  present  attack ^" 

Previous  admissions "4 

Discharges "" 

Deaths <*2,63 

(3) 


4  .    CONTENTS. 

SUMMARY  OF  LAWS  RELATIVE  TO  THE  CARE  OF  THE  INSANE. 

Page. 

General  administrative  or  supervisory  agencies 64-67 

Table  1. — General  administrative  or  supervisory  agencies  in  existence  on  January  1,  1910,  or  created  subsequently 65-67 

Local  agencies — the  town  and  county  officials  charged  with  oversight  of  the  insane,  indigent,  and  others 68 

County  boards 68 

Institutional  administrative  and  supervisory  agencies 68-71 

Table  2. — Boards  controlling  or  supervising  indi\-idual  public  institutions  for  the  insane :  1910 69 

Table  3. — Chief  executive  officers  of  state  institutions  for  the  insane:  1910 70,  71 

Provisions  for  the  care  of  the  insane 72-74 

Public  institutions 72 

Table  4. — Public  institutions  for  the  insane  from  which  insane  were  reported :  January  1,  1910 73 

Private  institutions 73 

Outside  of  institutions 74 

Classes  committed 74, 75 

Legal  procedure  in  commitment 75-83 

Pay  patients  committed  without  judicial  proceedings 77 

Voluntary  commitment 77 

Table  5. — Procedure  in  commitment  to  general  state  hospitals 78-81 

Appeal  from  order  of  commitment 82 

Table  6. — Appeal  from  order  of  commitment 82 

Cost  of  commitment 82 

Conve>nng  patients  to  the  hospital 83 

Parole  of  patients 83,  84 

Discharge 84-86 

Table  7. — Appeal  for  discharge  of  patient  claimed  to  be  sane 84 

Table  S. — Appeal  for  discharge  of  patient  who  has  not  recovered 85 

Habeas  corpus  proceedings 85 

Removal  of  patients  to  homes 85 

Cost  of  maintenance  of  patients  in  state  hospitals 86, 87 

Table  9. — Cost  of  maintenance  of  patients  in  state  hospitals 86 

Postal  regulations  for  the  protection  of  inmates 87 

The  criminal  insane 87-105 

Persons  charged  with  crime 87-93 

Table  10. — Persons  charged  with  crime,  undergoing  trial,  convicted  but  not  sentenced,  or  in  confinement  under  other  legal 

process,  who  appear  insane  or  plead  insanity 88-93 

Table  11. — Pro\isions  concerning  plea  of  insanity  in  criminal  cases 93 

Persons  acquitted 93-96 

Table  12. — Persons  acquitted  of  criminal  charge  on  ground  of  insanity 94-96 

Persons  who  escape  indictment 97 

Table  13. — Persons  who  escape  indictment  by  reason  of  insanity 97 

Sentenced  prisoners 97-105 

Table  14. — Prisoners  ser\ing  time  or  sentenced  to  serve  time  who  become  or  appear  insane 97-103 

Prisoners  under  death  sentence 103-105 

Table  15. — Prisoners  under  sentence  of  death  who  become  or  appear  insane 103-105 

MAPS  AND  DIAGRAMS. 

Map  1. — Ratio  of  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  per  100,000  population 17 

Map  2. — Ratio  of  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910  por  100,000  population 17 

Diagram  1. — Number  of  insane  in  hospitals  compared  with  total  adult  population:  1910  and  1904 14 

Diagram  2. — Distribution,  by  age  periods,  of  the  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  insane  admitted  during 

the  year 22 

Diagram  3. — Ratio  of  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  each  group  per  100,000  )iopulation  of  the  same  age:  1910 23 

Diagram  4. — Ratio  of  native  whites  and  of  foreign-bom  whites  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  1910  per  100.000  population 

of  same  color,  nativity,  and  age 26 

Diagram  5. — Ratio  of  white  and  negro  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  the  North  and  in  the  South  per  100,000  population  of  the  same 

age  and  race 36 

Diagram  6. — Ratio  of  (1)  native  whites  of  native  parentage,  (2)  native  whites  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  (3)  foreign-born  whites, 

and  (4)  negroes  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  per  100,000  population  of  the  same  color,  race,  nati^'ity,  and  age.  38 
Diagram  7. — Ratio  of  males  and  of  females  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  1910  per  100,000  population  of  the  same  age  and 

sex 42 

Diagram  8. — Ratio  of  males  and  of  females  having  general  paralysis  or  alcoholic  psychosis,  and  ratio  of  other  males  and  females 

admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  1910  per  100,000  population  of  the  same  sex  and  age 57 


Table    1.- 

Table    2.- 

Table    3,- 

Table    4.- 

Table    5.- 

Table    6.- 

Table    7.- 

Table    8.- 

Table    9.- 

Table  10.- 

Table  11.- 

Table  12.- 

Table  13.- 

Table  14. 

Table  15. 

Table  16. 

CONTENTS.  5 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

Page. 

-Insane  in  hospitals,  1910:  Summary  by  indi\'idual  institutions 108 

-Number  of  state,  county  or  city,  and  private  hospitals  for  the  insane:  Number  of  insane  enumerated  in  each  class  of 
hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  and  number  admitted  during  the  year  1910;  and  the  average  number  of  inmates  and 

admissions  per  hospital 122 

-Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  Januarj'  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  sex,  by  divisions  and  states 124 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  sex,  by  di vosions  and  states 126 

-Foreign-bom  white  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  country  of  birth,  by  divisions  and  states. . .       128 

-Foreign-bom  white  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  country  of  birth,  by  divisions  and  states 129 

-Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  age  at  enumeration,  by  divisions  and  states 130 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  age  at  admission,  by  divisions  and  states 131 

-Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  age  when  first  admitted  to  any  hospital  for  the  insane,  by  divi- 
sions and  states 132 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  age  when  first  admitted  to  any  hospital  for  the  insane,  by  divisions  and  states. .       133 
-Insane  enimierated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  at  enumeration,  for  the 

United  States  as  a  whole 134 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  at  admission,  for  the  United  States  as 

a  whole 135 

-Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1, 1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  when  first  admitted  to  any 

hospital  for  the  insane,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 136 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  age  when  first  admitted  to  any  hospital  for  the 

insane,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 137 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  place  of  residence  prior  to  admission,  and  by  sex,  by  divisions  and  states 138 

-Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  place  of  residence  prior  to  admission,  for  the 

United  States  as  a  whole 140 

Table  17.— Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  age  at  admission,  sex,  and  place  of  residence  prior  to  admission,  for  the  United 

States  as  a  whole 141 

Table  18. — Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  marital  condition,  by  divisions. .       142 
Table  19. — Male  and  female  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  marital  condition,  by  divisions. .       144 
Table  20.— Insane  10  years  of  age  and  over  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  lit- 
eracy, by  divisions 146 

Table  21.— Insane  10  years  of  age  and  over  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  literacy,  by  divi- 
sions         148 

Table  22. — Male  insane  10  years  of  age  and  over  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910  whose  occupation  prior  to  admission  was  reported, 

by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  occupation  prior  to  admission,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 150 

Table  23.— Female  insane  10  years  of  age  and  over  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910  whose  occupation  prior  to  admission  was  reported, 

by  race,  nati\ity,  parentage,  and  occupation  prior  to  admission,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 153 

Table  24. — Insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  by  length  of  time  spent  in  hospitals  for  the  insane,  and  by  sex,  by 

divisions  and  states 154 

Table  25. — Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  number  of  previous  admissions  to  hospitals, 

by  di\-isions 156 

Table  26. — Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  duration  of  present  attack  before  admission,  by  divisions  and  states 160 

Table  27. — Insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  duration  of  present  attack  before  admission,  and  by  race,  nati\'ity,  parentage, 

and  sex,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 161 

Table  28.— Insane  in  hospitals  who  were  discharged  or  transferred  or  who  died  in  1910,  by  color  and  sex,  by  divisions  and  states. . .       162 

Table  29. — Male  insane  in  hospitals  who  died  in  1910,  by  color  and  age,  by  divisions  and  states 164 

Table  30. — Female  insane  in  hospitals  who  died  in  1910,  by  color  and  age,  by  divisions  and  states 166 

Table  31. — Insane  in  hospitals  who  died  in  1910,  by  cause  of  death,  by  divisions  and  states 168 

Tal)le  32. — Insane  in  hospitals  who  were  discharged  in  1910,  by  ccjlor,  sex,  and  condition  at  discharge,  by  divisions  and  state J  70 

Table  33. — Insane  in  hospitals  who  were  discharged  in  1910,  by  condition  at  discharge,  sex,  and  age  at  discharge,  for  the  United 

States  as  a  whole 172 

Table  34. — Insane  with  general  paralysis  admitted  to  hospitab  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  and  parentage,  by  divisions  and  states. . .       173 
Table  35. — Insane  with  general  paralysis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  at  admission,  for 

the  United  States  as  a  whole 174 

Table  36. — Insane  -ss-ith  general  paralysis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  place  of  residence  prior  to  admission,  and  by  sex,  by 

divisions 175 

Table  37. — Insane  with  alcoholic  psychosis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  and  parentage,  by  divisions  and  states. .       176 
Table  38. — Insane  with  alcoholic  psychosis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  at  admission, 

for  the  United  State.^  as  a  whole 177 

Table  39. — Insane  with  alcoholic  psychosis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  place  of  residence  prior  to  admission,  and  by  sex,  by 

divisions 178 

Table  40. — Insane  with  both  general  paralysis  and  alcoholic  psychosis  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage, 

sex,  and  age  at  admission,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 179 


6  CONTENTS. 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 

Page. 

Introduction 183, 184 

Analysis  of  the  statistics 184, 190 

States  and  geographic  divisions 184 

Comparison :  1910  and  1904 186 

Age 187 

Race  and  nati\'ity 187 

Sex 189 

Pliysically  defective  feeble-minded 190 

Discharges 190 

Deaths ^ 190 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

Table    1. — Feeble-minded  in  institutions,  1910:  Summary  by  individual  institutions 192 

Table    2. — Feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  sex,  by  divisions  and 

states 196 

Table    3. — Feeble-minded  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  sex,  by  di\d3ion8  and  states 198 

Table    4. — Feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age  at  enumera- 
tion, for  the  United  States  as  a  whole 200 

Table    -5. — Feeble-minded   admitted   to  institutions  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and  age   at  admission,   for  the 

United  States  as  a  whole 201 

Table    fi. — Feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  by  age  at  enumeration,  by  di\'isions  and  states 202 

Table    7. — Feeble-minded  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910,  by  age  at  admission,  by  divisions  and  states 203 

Table    8. — Feeble-minded  reported  as  physically  defective,  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1, 1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parent- 
age, sex,  and  defect,  by  di\Tsions 204 

Table    9. — Feeble-minded  reported  as  physically  defective,  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910,  by  race,  nativity,  parentage,  sex,  and 

defect,  by  divisions 205 

Table  10. — Feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  by  sex,  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  marital  condition, 

by  divisions 206 

Table  11.— Feeble-minded  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910,  by  sex,  race,  nativity,  parentage,  and  marital  condition,  by  div-isions.  208 

Table  12. — Feeble-minded  in  institutions  who  were  discharged,  or  transferred,  or  who  died  in  1910,  by  sex,  by  divisions 210 

Table  13. — Feeble-minded  in  institutions  who  died  in  1910,  by  sex,  age,  and  cause  of  death,  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole. . .  210 

Table  14. — Feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  by  source  of  support,  by  di\'ision8  and  states 211 

Table  15. — Feeble-minded  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910,  by  source  of  support,  by  divisions  and  states 211 

Index 213 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 


DEPARTMENT  OF  COMMERCE, 

Bureau  op  thk  Census, 

Washington,  D.  C,  November  5,  1914. 
Sir: 

I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  a  report  on  the  insane  and  feeble-minded  in  institutions  for  these 
classes.  This  report  is  based  upon  a  special  census  of  the  inmates  of  hospitals  for  the  insane  and  of  institutions 
for  the  feeble-minded  taken  in  the  year  1910.  The  results  of  that  census  have  already  been  pubUshed  in  a 
series  of  statistical  tables  appearing  as  Bulletin  119  of  the  publications  of  this  bureau.  The  report  herewith 
submitted  reproduces  these  tables  and  in  addition  contains  a  discussion  of  the  statistics,  with  tables  present- 
ing ratios  and  percentages.     It  contains  also  a  summarization  of  the  laws  relative  to  the  care  of  the  insane. 

The  report  was  prepared  in  the  Division  of  Revision  and  Results,  under  the  direction  of  Dr.  Joseph  A. 
Hill,  expert  special  agent,  assisted  by  Mr.  Lewis  Meriam. 
Respectfully, 


To  Hon.  William  C  Redfield, 

Secretary  of  Commerce. 


Director  of  the  Census. 


(7) 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS 


(9) 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


STATISTICAL  SUMMARY. 

By  Joseph  A.  Hill,  Expert  Special  Agent. 


INTRODtJCTION. 


The  statistics  published  in  the  present  report  relative 
to  the  insane  in  institutions,  for  1910,  like  those  pub- 
lished in  the  corresponding  report  for  1904,  were  ob- 
tained by  means  of  a  special  census  coveruig  all  the 
insane  inmates  present  in  institutions  for  the  insane  at 
the  beginning  of  the  year  and  all  insane  pereons  ad- 
mitted to  such  institutions  during  the  year.  The  can- 
vass was  made  through  the  agency  of  officials  or  other 
persons  connected  \vith  the  institutions  who  were  com- 
missioned as  special  agents  of  the  Bureau  of  the  Census 
to  fill  out  and  return  the  required  schedules.  A  sheet 
schedule  with  a  hue  for  each  name  was  used  for  the 
enumeration  of  inmates  at  the  beginning  of  the  year; 
but  the  records  of  admissions  during  the  j^ear  were 
obtained  on  individual  cards  which  were  filled  out 
and  returned  to  the  bureau  each  month.  Similar 
card  schedules  were  obtained  for  inmates  who  were 
discharged  or  were  transferred  to  other  institutions, 
or  who  died. 

The  total  number  of  institutions  canvassed  at  the 
census  of  1910  was  366,  and  the  total  number  of  msane 
for  whom  data  were  obtained  was  248,560,  of  whom 
187,791  were  present  in  the  institutions  on  January  1, 
1910,  and  60,769  were  admitted  during  the  year  1910. 
The  number  of  insane  enumerated  in  institutions  at  the 
census  of  1904  was  199,773,  including  1.50,151  inmates 
present  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  and  49,622  ad- 
mitted during  the  year.  In  the  six  yeai-s  from  1904  to 
1910  there  was  therefore  an  increase  of  37,640,  or  25.1 
per  cent,  in  the  number  of  insane  confined  in  uistitu- 
tions  for  that  class,  as  compared  \vith  an  increase  of 
only  about  12  per  cent  in  the  total  population  of  the 
United  States,  the  number  of  insane  m  hospitals  per 
100,000  population  advancing  fi-om  183.6  iji  1904  to 
204.2  in  1910.  The  increiise  during  this  period  in  the 
number  admitted  to  such  institutions  during  the  year 
was  11,147,  or  22.5  per  cent,  the  ratio  of  admissions 
per  100,000  population  uicreasing  from  60.7  bi  1904 
to  66.1  in  1910.  As  no  attempt  was  made  either  in 
1904  or  in  1910  to  enumerate  the  insane  outside  of 
bistitutions,  it  is  a  question  to  what  extent  this  very 
striking  increase  in  the  population  of  hospitals  for  the 
insane  and  in  the  number  of  annual  commitments  to 


such  institutions  represents  an  increase  in  the  preva- 
lence of  insanity  and  to  what  extent  it  may  be  due 
to  an  extension  of  the  practice  of  placmg  the  insane 
under  institutional  care.  This  is  a  question  which  will 
receive  some  consideration  in  the  discussion  which 
follows.  It  hardly  admits  of  a  defuiite  answer,  how- 
ever, although  the  statistics  to  be  presented  may 
throw  some  Ught  upon  it. 

Earlier  censuses. — Wliile  the  special  censuses  of  the 
insane  in  1904  and  1910  were  restricted  to  institutions, 
at  each  general  decennial  census  of  the  population 
from  1850  to  1890,  inclusive,  the  attempt  was  made  to 
secure  a  complete  enumeration  of  the  insane  by  insert- 
ing on  the  general  population  schedule  a  question  as 
to  insanity.  The  question  in  the  form  in  which  it  first 
appeared  specified  ijisanity  as  one  of  a  number  of 
defects  which  were  to  be  reported  wherever  found 
to  exist.  In  1850  and  in  1860  the  question  read 
"Wliether  deaf  and  dumb,  bUnd,  ijisane,  idiotic,  pau- 
per, or  convict;"  and  in  1870  it  was  the  same  with 
the  omission  of  "pauper  or  convict."  In  1880,  how- 
ever, insanity  and  each  of  the  other  defects  specified 
were  covered  by  a  separate  question;  but  in  1890  the 
question  again  became  gei^eral  and  comprehensive — 
"Whether  defective  in  mijid,  sight,  hearing,  or  speech, 
or  whether  crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed,  with  name 
of  defect." 

The  attempt  to  secure  a  complete  enumeration  of 
the  insane  in  connection  with  the  general  population 
census  was  not  repeated  at  the  Twelfth  Census,  which 
was  taken  in  1900.  The  law  authorizing  that  census 
provided  that  certain  specified  subjects  which  had 
formerly  been  included  as  a  part  of  the  regular  decen- 
nial census  should  be  separated  fi-om  it  and  not  taken 
up  until  after  the  w  ork  on  that  census  was  completed, 
the  main  object  in  view  being  to  diminish  the  burden 
of  w^ork  involved  in  a  decennial  census  and  expedite  its 
completion  by  postponhig  all  those  associated  inquiries 
for  which  it  was  beUeved  the  data  could  be  secured 
satisfactorily  at  a  later  period,  without  a  house-to- 
house  canvass  of  the  entire  United  States.  The  in- 
quuy  relative  to  msanity  having  been  restricted  by  the 
Twelfth  Census  act  to  the  insane  in  institutions,  was 

(11) 


12 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


considered  as  coming  into  this  class,  and  accordingly 
was  not  taken  up  until  1904. 

The  postponement  of  the  inquiry,  however,  in- 
volved this  disadvantage,  that  it  interfered  with 
direct  comparisons  between  the  number  of  insane 
and  the  general  population  as  classified  by  race, 
nativity,  age,  etc.  Some  of  the  most  interesting 
questions  arising  in  connection  with  the  subject  of 
insanity  can  be  determined  only  by  means  of  such 
comparisons.  For  instance,  the  question  naturally 
arises  as  to  the  age  or  period  of  life  at  which  the 
tendency  to  insanity  is  most  marked.  This  calls  for 
the  computation  of  the  ratio  of  hisane  to  general 
population  by  age  periods.  But  it  was  felt  that  a 
census  of  the  insane  taken  for  the  year  1904  could  not 
be  safely  compared  in  detail  with  a  census  of  the  popu- 
lation taken  four  years  earlier.  Accordingly,  the  re- 
port for  1904  did  not  show  any  ratios  except  the  ratio 
of  the  total  number  of  insane  enumerated  iii  1904  to 
the  total  estimated  population  for  the  same  year. 
Possibly  the  position  taken  regarding  this  matter  was 
unduly  conservative,  but,  however  that  may  be,  it  is 
undoubtedly  true  that  the  best  results  to  be  obtained 
from  a  census  of  the  insane  will  not  be  realized  unless 
it  is  contemporaneous  or  nearly  so  with  a  general 
census  of  population.  For  this  reason  the  law  pro- 
\ading  for  the  Thirteenth  Census  in  1910  authorized  an 
enumeration  of  the  special  classes  in  institutions  cover- 
ing the  same  year. 

In  any  interpretation  or  analysis  of  the  statistics 
relative  to  the  insane  it  should  be  borne  in  miad 
that  the  term  msanity  apphes  to  a  group  of  mental 
diseases  which  differ  widely  in  their  causation,  course, 
and  outcome.  Accordingly,  statements  or  conclusions 
which  are  correct  for  the  group  as  a  whole  may  not 
hold  good  of  the  more  or  less  distinct  classes  which 
make  up  this  group.  For  iustauce,  the  statistics  pre- 
sented in  this  report  iudicate  an  increased  tendency 
or  liabihty  to  insanity  ia  the  period  of  old  age.  Yet 
probably  this  is  indicative  of  the  influence  upon  the 
data  of  one  type  of  insanity  only,  namely,  that  known 
as  senile  dementia,  which  makes  its  appearance  only 
in  old  age. 

The  limitations  imder  which  the  data  for  a  census 
of  the  insane  must  be  obtained  make  it  impracticable 
to  go  very  far  towards  distinguishing  the  different 
forms  of  insanity,  although  in  the  present  report  a 
step  has  been  taken  in  that  direction  by  differentiating 
cases  of  alcoholic  psychosis  and  of  general  paralysis. 
From  a  sociological  and  legal  point  of  view,  however, 
the  insane  represent  a  fairly  homogeneous  class  of  de- 
fectives; and  it  is  frcm  this  point  of  view  that  the 
statistics  regarding  the  number  of  insane,  their  sex, 
ages,  nativity,  distribution,  etc.,  have  their  main  value 
and  significance. 

Comparative  summary:  1850  to  1910. — The  follow- 
ing table  sliows  the  number  of  insane  persons  enu- 


merated at  each  census  from  1850  to  1910,  those  in 
institutions  for  the  insane  and  outside  such  institu- 
tions bemg  shown  separately  for  the  censuses  of  1880 
and  1890.  Prior  to  1880  no  separate  return  was  made 
of  the  insane  in  mstitutions;  and  since  1890,  as  already 
explained,  no  enumeration  has  been  made  of  the 
insane  outside  of  institutions. 


Table   1 


1910. 
1904. 
1890. 
1880. 
1870. 
1860. 
1850. 


INSANE 
ENUMERATED  IN 

INSTITUTION? 
FOR  THE  INSANE. 


Number. 


187, 791 
150, 151 

74,028 
40, 942 
(') 


Per 
100,000 
popu- 
lation. 


204.2 
183.6 
118.2 
81.6 


INSANE 
ENUMERATED 
OUTSIDE  SUCH 
INSTITUTIONS. 


Per 

Num- 

100,000 

ber. 

popu- 

lation. 

(') 

(') 

(') 

(') 

32, 457 

51.8 

51,017 

101.7 

(') 

(') 

m 

TOTAL  INSANE 
ENUMERATED. 


Number. 


187, 791 
150, 151 
106,485 
91,959 
'  37, 432 
"24,042 
>  15, 610 


Per 

100,000 
popu- 
lation. 


204.2 
183.6 
170.0 
183.3 
3  97.1 
S76.5 
'67.3 


'  No  enumeration  of  insane  outside  of  institutions. 

2  Included  in  the  enumeration  but  not  returned  separately. 

3  Enumeration  believed  to  have  been  seriously  deficient. 

It  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  the  very  marked  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  insane  reported  in  1880  as 
compared  with  the  preceding  census  measures  an  in- 
crease in  the  actual  amount  of  insanity.  It  can  only 
be  accounted  for  h\  an  improvement  in  the  efficiency 
of  the  canvass  consequent  upon  the  fact  that  in  1880 
special  attention  was  given  to  the  enumeration  of  the 
defective,  dependent,  and  delinquent  classes.  This 
branch  of  the  census  work  was  placed  under  the  gen- 
eral charge  of  an  expert  special  agent,  and  a  special 
supplementary  schedule  was  adopted  for  the  enu- 
meration of  the  insane.  The  extra  compensation 
which  tlie  enumerator  received  for  filluig  out  this 
schedule  doubtless  operated  as  an  incentive  to  vigi- 
lance in  finding  and  reporting  cases  of  insanity.  At 
the  same  time,  as  stated  in  the  census  report,  it 
was  impressed  upon  him  "that  he  should  exert 
himiself  to  find  these  defective  persons  and  make 
a  full  report  of  each  case.  He  was  instructed  to 
counsel  with  physicians  upon  this  point,  to  make 
inquiries  of  neighbors,  and  to  report  all  defectives, 
whether  the  information  respecting  them  should  be 
derived  fiom  the  family  to  which  they  belonged  or 
from  other  sources,  if  m  his  judgment  it  was  worthy 
of  confidence.  By  this  method  it  was  sought  to 
obtain  approximately  as  complete  an  enumeration 
of  defectives  outside  of  institutions  as  of  the  inmates 
of  such  institutions.  *  *  *  Moreover,  the  work 
of  the  enumerators  was  supplemented  by  correspond- 
ence Avith  physicians,  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States, 
to  the  number  of  nearly  100,000,  all  of  whom  were 
furnished  Avith  blank  forms  of  return,  and  were  in- 
vited and  urged  to  report  to  the  Census  Office  all 
idiots  and  lunatics  within  the  sphere  of  their  personal 
knowledge.     Four-fifths   of   them   responiled   to   this 


INTRODUCTION. 


13 


invitation,"  and  "tlio  information  thus  obtained  sup- 
plemented to  a  very  cousitlerable  extent  that  derived 
from  the  enumerators."  '  Precautions  were  taken 
to  eliminate  duplication  in  the  returns  and  probably 
the  results  gave  as  complete  and  satisfactory  a  census 
of  the  insane  as  it  is  possible  to  obtain  in  connection 
•with  a  general  census  of  population. 

In  1890  the  same  method  was  followed  except  that 
there  was  no  supplementary  canvass  through  the 
agencj'  of  physicians ;  and  in  the  report  for  that  census 
this  difference  is  referred  to  as  explaining  the  fact  that 
as  compared  with  the  preceding  census  the  number  of 
insane  enumerated  did  not  show  an  increase  commen- 
surate with  the  growth  of  population.  At  the  census 
of  1880,  183.3  insane  persons  were  reported  for  each 
100,000  inhabitants,  but  in  1890  the  ratio  fall  to  170 
per  100,000.  It  is  safe  to  say  that  this  decline  in  the 
ratio  did  not  represent  an  actual  decline  in  insanity, 
but,  as  stated  in  the  report  of  1890,  is  attributable  to 
the  difference  in  the  completeness  of  the  enumeration. 

As  already  noted,  the  census  of  1890  was  the  last 
one  at  which  the  attempt  was  made  to  seciu-e  a  com- 
plete enumeration  of  the  insane,  the  censuses  of  1904 
and  1910  being  confined  to  the  insane  in  institutions. 
At  the  censuses  prior  to  1880,  on  the  other  hand,  the 
number  of  insane  in  institutions  or  hospitals  for  this 
class  of  the  population  was  not  reported  separately, 
so  that  comparisons  of  the  growth  of  this  class  of  the 
insane  population  can  be  made  only  for  the  30-year 
period  1880-1910.  Of  the  total  insane  population 
enumerated  in  1880,  40,942  were  reported  as  in  insti- 
tutions or  hospitals,  representing  a  ratio  of  81.6  per 
100,000  population;  by  1910  the  number  in  institu- 
tions had  increased  to  187,791,  a  ratio  of  204.2  per 
100,000  population. 

It  is  not  probable  that  the  enumeration  of  inmates 
of  special  institutions  for  this  class  has  been  greatly 
defective  at  any  census.  As  to  the  number  of  in- 
sane outside  of  institutions,  the  figures  in  Table  1, 
taken  at  their  face  value,  would  indicate  a  very 
marked  decline  in  this  class  between  1880  and  1890. 
But  this  is  largely  explained  by  the  probabihty  that 
the  incompleteness  of  the  canvass  in  1890  as  compared 
with  1880  would  affect  mainly  the  outside  insane.  In 
1880,  17  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  insane  enu- 
merated were  reported  by  physicians.-  This  would 
mean  that  the  physicians  reported  about  16,000  of 
the  91,959  insane  included  in  that  census.  On  the 
assumption  that  the  insane  in  institutions  were  prac- 
tically all  included  in  the  canvass  by  the  regular 
enumerators  and  that  the  insane  reported  by  the 
physicians  were  outside  of  institutions,  the  canvass 
through  the  physicians  increased  the  nimiber  of  out- 
side insane  over  the  enumerators'  returns  by  about 
46  per  cent.     Or,  in  other  words,  the  regidar  enumer- 

'  Tenth  Census  (1880).  Report  on  Defective,  Dependent,  and 
Delinquent  Classes,  p.  ix. 

-  Eleventh  Census  ( 1890):  Report  on  the  Insane,  Feeble-minded, 
Deaf  and  Dumb,  and  Blind,  p.  7. 


ators  found  only  about  69  per  cent  of  the  insane 
reported  outside  of  institutions.  If  the  retiirns  of 
enumerators  were  equally  deficient  in  1890,  then  a 
simdar  supplementary  canvass  by  physicians  would 
have  made  the  number  of  insane  outside  of  institu- 
tions about  47,000  instead  of  32,457,  and  the  total 
number  of  insane  enumerated  woiUd  have  been  about 
121,000  instead  of  106,485,  which  would  have  made 
the  ratio  of  insane  per  100,000  population  193  instead 
of  170.  The  situation  will  perhaps  be  brought  out 
more  clearly  by  the  follo\ving  table,  which  shows  the 
insane  population  in  1890,  both  that  actually  enumer- 
ated and  that  estimated  on  the  above  basis,  in  com- 
parison with  the  insane  population  in  1880. 


Table  2 

1890 

1880 

*'"'"^-       omissions. 

Enumer- 
ated. 

Total .... 

106,485 

121,000 

91,959 

In  institutions  for  the  insane  .   . 

74,028 

74,028 

40,942 

32,4,57 
32,457 

47,000 
32,457 

61.017 

Returned  by  t  lie  census  enumerators 

135,000 
I  16.000 

Estimated  omissions*. .. "                              .' 

14,500 

1 

'  The  basis  for  the  estimate  is  the  statement,  appearing  in  the  1890  report, 
that  17  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  insane  enumerated  in  1880  were  reported 
upon  special  schedules  by  physicians  throuphout  the  country.  It  isEtssumed, 
furthermore. in  the  above  estimate  that  the  regular  enumerators  would  find  prac- 
tically all  the  insane  who  were  confined  in  institutions  for  that  class  and  that  the 
insane  reported  l)y  physicians  subsequent  to  the  census  enumeration  were  outside 
such  institutions.* 

The  slight  decrease  which  the  estimated  number  of 
insane  outside  of  institutions  in  1890  shows  as  com- 
pared with  the  number  actually'  returned  for  1880 
involves  a  rather  marked  decrease  in  the  ratio  of  this 
class  of  insane  to  the  total  population.  In  1880  the 
ratio  based  on  the  actual  enumeration  was  101.7  in- 
sane outside  institutions  to  each  100,000  of  the  total 
population;  in  1890,  on  the  basis  of  the  estimates  in 
the  preceding  table,  it  was  about  75.1  to  100,000.  In 
1880,  according  to  the  census  returns,  44.5  per  cent  of 
the  total  number  of  insane  in  the  country  were  found 
in  institutions  for  the  insane;  in  1890,  on  the  basis  of 
the  above  estimates,  the  percentage  in  institutions 
was  about  61.2.  Possibly  this  is  a  fair  indication  of 
the  increasing  tendency  to  place  the  insane  under 
institutional  treatment. 

Question  of  the  increase  of  insanity. — The  ratio  of 
total  insane  enumerated  in  1880,  when  the  enumera- 
tion is  believed  to  have  been  more  complete  than  at 
any  other  census,  was  183.3  per  100,000  of  the  total 
population.  In  1910  the  insane  in  hospitals  alone 
represented  a  ratio  of  204.3  per  100,000  population. 
As  compared  with  the  total  population,  therefore,  the 
number  of  insane  in  institutions  in  1910  was  rel;;- 
tivety  greater  than  the  total  number  of  insane  enu- 
merated in  1880. 

Without  entering  into  any  general  discussion  of  the 
causes  or  influences  which  might  be  operative  in  pro- 
moting an  increase  of  insanity,  one  important  change 
in  social  conditions  in  the  United  States  as  revealed 


14 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


by  census  statistics  may  be  noted  in  this  connection, 
namely,  the  great  increase  in  the  proportion  of  popu- 
lation living  in  cities.  In  the  30  years  between 
1880  and  1910  the  urban  population  of  the  United 
States — that  is,  the  population  residing  in  incor- 
porated places  having  more  than  2,500  inhabitants, 
including  New  England  towns  above  that  limit — 
increased  about  190  per  cent,  or  from  15,000,000  in 
1880  to  43,000,000  in  1910,  while  the  rural  popu- 
lation increased  only  about  40  per  cent,  or  from 
35,000,000  in  1880  to  49,000,000  in  1910.  In  1880, 
29.5  per  cent  of  the  population  was  urban  and  in  1910 
46.3  per  cent.  It  may  be  remarked  that  many  of  the 
smaller  places  classed  as  urban  commimities  are  far 
from  being  distinctly  urban  in  their  characteristics; 
but  there  has  been  at  the  same  time  a  marked  growth 
and  concentration  of  population  in  large  cities.  Thus 
the  number  of  cities  of  over  100,000  population  in- 
creased from  20  in  1880  to  50  in  1910,  and  the  aggre- 
gate popiilation  living  in  such  cities  from  6,000,000  to 
20,000,000,  an  increase  of  over  200  per  cent.  The  pro- 
portion of  the  total  population  living  in  cities  of  this 
class  in  1880  was  12.4  per  cent,  or  about  one-eighth, 
as  compared  with  22.1  per  cent,  or  more  than  one- 
fifth,  in  1910.  If,  as  is  indicated  by  statistics  pre- 
sented later  in  this  report,  insanity  is  more  prevalent 
in  urban  than  in  I'ural  commimities,  some  increase  of 
insanity  would  seem  to  be  an  almost  inevitable  result 
of  the  increasing  irrbanization  of  the  population  of 
the  United  States. 

At  the  same  time  it  is  practically  certain  that 
insanity  has  not  increased  to  anything  like  the  extent 
which  a  comparison  of  the  different  census  enumera- 
tions woiild  indicate.  Beyond  question  the  extension 
of  the  practice  of  placing  the  insane  imder  institu- 
tional care  has  had  a  very  great  influence  upon  the 
statistics.     Associated  with  this  are  other  influences 


which  have  likewise  contributed  to  the  apparent 
increase  of  insanity,  or  to  the  increase  in  the  number 
of  recognized  and  recorded  cases,  without  being 
indicative  of  any  actual  kicrease.  Among  these  may 
be  mentioned :  Increasing  average  length  of  life,  bring- 
ing more  people  to  the  "insanity  age  periods;" 
advances  in  diagnostic  methods  m  psychiatry,  leading 
to  detection  of  mental  factors  in  physical  cases;  the 
establishment  of  dispensaries;  the  provision  of 
"voluntaiy"  and  emergency  commitment;  and  better 
means  of  transportation  (the  automobile,  for  instance), 
making  it  possible  to  bring  to  the  hospital  cases  in 
poor  physical  condition. 

So  far  as  an  increase  of  insanity  is  associated  with 
the  growth  of  cities  it  may  be  said  that  it  probably 
results  to  a  large  extent  from  causes  which  are 
preventable  or  subject  to  control.  Statistics  pre- 
sented later  in  this  report  indicate  that  the  difference 
between  city  and  country  as  regards  the  prevalence 
of  insanity  is  partly  accoimted  for  by  the  greater 
nmnber  of  cases  of  general  paralysis  and  alcoholic 
psychosis  in  the  urban  popidation.  This  in  itself  is 
a  significant  fact  because  these  are  diseases  the  causes 
of  which  must  be  regarded  as  controllable;  and  the 
better  organized  work  in  preventive  medicine,  in 
social  service,  and  in  hospital  and  dispensary  reUef 
makes  the  outlook  for  prevention  in  any  disease 
more  encom'aging  in  cities  than  in  rm-al  commiinities. 
Interest  in  the  possibiUty  of  controlling  some  of  the 
causes  of  mental  disease  has  developed  only  very 
recently,  and  it  is  not  too  much  to  hope  that  consid- 
erable progress  in  that  direction  may  be  achieved  ia 
the  not  distant  futiu-e. 

Diagi"am  1  is  inserted  here  to  indicate  graphically 
the  relative  numerical  importance  of  the  insane  in 
institutions  in  the  United  States  in  1910  and  in  1904 
as  compared  with  the  total  adult  population. 


Diagram    1.— NUMBER   OF    INSANE    IN    HOSPITALS    COMPARED    WITH    TOTAL    ADULT    POPUI-ATION. 

1910 


ADULT  POPULATION 
62,473,130 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS   187,791 


1904 


ADULT  POPULATION 
64,443,026 


INSANE   IN  HOSPITALS   150,161 


COMPARISON,  BY  STATES. 
ANALYSIS  OF  THE  STATISTICS. 


15 


COMPARISON,    BY    STATES. 

The  niimber  of  inmates  present  in  hospitals  for  the 
insane  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  number  of  per- 
sons admitted  to  such  hospitals  durmg  the  year 
are  shown  for  each  geogi-aphic  division  and  state  in 
Table  3,  together  with  the  total  population  of  the 
division  and  state  and  the  number  of  inmates  and 
admissions  per  100,000  population.  Where,  as  in  the 
case  of  the  county  institutions  in  Iowa,  a  separate  de- 
partment for  the  insane  was  maintained  in  connection 
with  a  county  home  or  poor  farm  it  was  considered 
as  an  institution  for  the  insane  and  was  therefore  in- 
cluded in  the  present  report.  The  insane  reported  in 
ordinary  almshouses  not  having  separate  departments 
are  also  shown  in  this  table,  although  they  were  not 
included  in  the  census  of  the  insane,  but  were  covered 
by  the  special  census  of  the  almshouse  population. 

The  ratio  of  the  number  of  insane  in  hospitals  to  the 
total  population  is  obviously  not  a  rolialile  index  of  the 
prevalence  of  insanity  in  different  parts  of  the  United 
States.  The  exceptionally  high  ratio  for  the  District 
of  Columbia,  for  instance,  results  from  the  fact  that 
the  United  States  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane 
receives  patients  from  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the 
United  States  and  not  alone  from  the  population  of 
the  District;  and  in  many  of  the  states  private  insti- 
tutions receive  numbere  of  patients  from  other  states. 
Probably  to  a  greater  extent,  however,  the  variations 
in  the  ratio  of  insane  in  hospitals  to  population  reflect 
differences  in  the  provisions  made  for  the  institu- 
tional care  of  the  insane  and  in  the  practice  and  laws 
regarding  commitments,  discharges,  and  transfers.*  A 
low  ratio  in  any  state  or  division  may  simply  indicate 
inadequate  provision  for  tliis  class  of  defectives.  The 
very  general  complaint  of  overcrowded  hospitals  im- 
pUes  that  in  many  states  the  number  of  insane  under 
institutional  care  is  kept  down  bj'  the  mere  lack  of 
accommodations  for  them,  and  that  an  increase  would 
immediately  follow  the  construction  of  a  new  hospital 
or  the  extension  of  an  existing  one. 

In  many  states  all  the  public  institutions  for  the 
insane  are  state  institutions.     This  is  the  case  in  New 


'  As  regards  transfers  it  will  be  noticed  that  in  the  table  on  page  16, 
the  insane  who  were  transferred  in  the  year  1910  are  divided  into 
two  main  classes — those  transferred  to  other  hospitiils  for  the  insane 
end  those  transferred  to  institutions  not  for  the  insane — and  that 
the  former  class  is  further  subdivided  so  as  to  distinguish  those  who 
were  committed  prior  to  Jan.  1,  1910,  from  those  committed  after 
that  date.  Those  committed  prior  to  Jan.  1 ,  1910,  were  counted  in 
the  population  of  the  institution  in  which  they  vx>re  found  on  the 
Ist  01  January  and  also  as  admissions  to  the  institution  to  which  they 
were  subsequently  transferred,  so  that  to  this  extent  the  number  of 
reported  admissions  is  greater  than  the  number  of  new  cases  received 
from  the  outside  public  during  the  year.  On  the  other  hand,  those 
committed  after  Jan.  1,  and  subsequently  transferred  to  another 
institution,  are  counted  as  admissions  only  to  the  last  institution 
to  which  they  were  commilled  and  occiwion  no  dui)lication. 


York  and  Massachusetts.  There  are  other  states, 
such  as  Iowa  and  Wisconsin,  which  have  a  number  of 
county  insane  asylums,  or  insane  <iepartmcnts  of 
county  almshouses,  as  well  as  state  institutions.  In 
some  states — jiotably  in  Massachusetts,  Connecticut, 
and  New  York — there  are  also  many  private  institu- 
tions. These  differences  between  the  states  undoubt- 
edly have  some  effect  on  the  extent  to  which  the  insane 
are  placed  under  institutional  care.  The  contrast,  for 
instance,  between  North  Dakota,  which  has  108  insane 
persons  in  special  institutions  for  this  class  to  each 
100,000  of  the  general  population,  and  Iowa,  which 
has  242,  may  l)e  partly  attributable  to  differences  in 
the  provision  made  for  the  care  of  the  insane,  as  indi- 
cated by  the  fact  that  North  Dakota  has  only  one 
special  institution  for  the  insane — the  state  hospital  at 
Jamestown,  said  to  be  overcrowded — while  Iowa  has 
4  state  hospitals  and  26  departments  for  the  insane  in 
county  homes  or  farms.  Wisconsin  is  another  state  in 
which  the  relatively  large  number  of  insane  in  institu- 
tions may  result  from  the  existence  of  a  considerable 
number  of  county  asjdums  in  addition  to  the  two 
state  hospitals. 

The  statistics  may  he  further  affected  by  varying 
degrees  of  discrimination  regarding  the  classes  ad- 
mitted to  hospitals  for  the  insane.  In  some  states,  for 
instance,  feeble-minded  and  idiotic  persons  may  be 
committed  to  such  hospitals,  while  in  other  states  they 
are  by  law  excluded.  Naturally  a  difference  such  as 
this  would  tend  to  make  the  ratio  of  inmates  in  hos- 
pitals for  the  insane  to  total  ])opulation  higher  in  the 
former  class  of  states  than  in  the  latter.  The  effect  of 
this  disturbing  factor  is,  however,  likely  to  become 
less  marked  in  the  future,  because  of  the  rapid  exten- 
sion of  separate  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded. 
There  are  differences  also  regarding  the  custody  of  the 
criminal  insane.  In  so  far  as  this  class  is  confined  in 
jaUs  or  penitentiaries  it  does  not,  of  course,  appear  in 
this  enumeration  of  the  insane  in  hospitals.  In  some 
states  the  hospitals  for  the  insane  receive  inebriates, 
and  in  some  states  they  receive  epUeptics,  whether  in- 
sane or  not.  These  classes,  however,  are  not  supposed 
to  be  included  in  the  present  report  unless  actually  in- 
sane. In  some  locahties  the  general  hospitals  for  the 
sick  have  psychopathic  wards  where  persons  exhibiting 
symj^toms  of  insanity  are  received  for  treatment  and 
observation.  It  Is  not  altogether  certain,  however, 
what  effect  this  has  upon  the  number  of  admissions  to 
iastitutions  for  the  insane.  On  the  one  hand,  the 
institutions  arc  reliev.^d  of  those  cases  where  the  pa- 
tient in  the  hospital  ward  recovers  or  proves  not  to 
have  been  insane;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  many  cases 
of  chronic  insanity  are  brought  to  light  which  might 
not  otherwise  have  been  reported  or  discovered. 


16 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  3 

Total 

population: 

1910. 

INSANE  IN   hospitals:   1910. 

Insane 
paupers 
enumer- 
ated in 
alms- 
houses 
on  Jan.  1, 
1910. 

1 

INSANE 

IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  WERE  DISCHAKGED,   OR  DIED,  OB 
WERE  TRANSFERRED,  IN   1910. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted  durmg 
the  year. 

Discharged 

Died. 

Transferred. 

DIVISION  OB  STATE. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Total. 

[ 

To  institu- 
tions not 
for  the  in- 
sane. 

To  other  hospitals  for 
the  insane. 

Committed 

prior  to 

Jan.  1, 

1910. 

Com- 
mitted 
in 
1910. 

United  States 

91,972,256 

187, 791 

504  5 

60,769 

66.1 

3,518 

29,304 

18,924 

5,609 

305 

3,803 

1,501 

6,552,681 

19,580 

1        298.8 

6,986 

106.6 

490 

3,343 

2,020 

813 

53 

527 

233 

Maine 

742,  .371 
430,572 
355,956 

3,366,416 
542,610 

1,114,756 

19,315,892 

1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 

52,380 

169.5 
211.1 
278.1 
344.6 
229.1 
321.1 

271.2 

509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1.155 

14,669 

68.6 
75.7 
75.9 

125.8 
90.3 

103.6 

75.9 

99 
133 
11 
64 
31 
152 

692 

212 
142 
153 
1,912 
281 
643 

6,871 

166 
146 
110 
1,151 
136 
311 

4,882 

!       ?? 

7 
808 
30 
112 

1,133 

33 

3 

6 

440 

9 

36 

.770 

6 

Kfiw  Hj^mp<:hirp 

3 

11 

Vermont 

1 

47 

Rhode  Island 

21 

3 

27 

73 
336 

Mmni.F.  An.AVTir 

New  York. 

9, 113, 614 
2,537,167 
7,665,111 

18,250,621 

31,280 
6,042 
15,058 

41,246 

343.2 

238.1 
196.4 

226.0 

8,530 
1,640 
4,499 

13, 191 

93.6 
64.6 
58.7 

72.3 

81 

49 

562 

1,066 

3,882 

842 

2,147 

6,609 

2,743 

602 

1,537 

4,123 

892 
64 
177 

1,541 

14 
7 
6 

55 

635 
50 
85 

1,173 

243 

New  Jersey 

313 

Ohio  .. 

4,767,121 
2,700,876 
5,638,591 
2,810,173 
2,333.860 

11,637,921 

10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 

22,683 

222.2 
167.6 
227.7 
238.4 
282.2 

194.9 

3,336 
1,270 
4,053 

1,974 
2.558 

7,459 

70.0 
47.0 
71.9 
70.2  1 
109.6  ! 

64.1 

257 

366 

350 

74 

19 

466 

1,855 
576 
1,947 
1,108 
1,123 

3,470 

1,147 
435 

1,.352 
699 
490 

2,160 

70 
517 
114 
138 
702 

1,275 

7 

15 
475 
40 
53 

590 

873 

48 

Indiana 

42 

Illinois 

34 

7 
7 

66 

40 

Wi'W\nnsiTi 

105 

West  Nobth  Cexteal 

336 

MinnflsnTJ^ 

2,075,708 
2,224,771 
3.293,335 
.577.056 
583,888 
1,192,214 
1,690.949 

12,194,ii95 

4,744 
5,377 
6,16.^ 
628 
864 
1,990 
2. 912 

19,952 

228.5 
241.7 
187.3 
108.8 
148.0 
166.9 
172.2 

163.6 

1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 

6,725 

68.7 
67.9 
84.4 
3^.8 
34.9 
34.5 
53.5 

55.1 

5 
206 
197 
1 
8 
22 
27 

281 

722 
806 
1.217 
60 
77 
147 
441 

3,226 

385 
496 
685 
53 
81 
174 
286 

2,327 

177 
84 

942 
12 

1 

1 

58 

266 

1 

11 
51 

166 
28 

661 
10 

10 

45 

Missouri 

230 

North  Dakota 

2 

South  Dakota 

1 

i 

2 
23 

TCan'^aq 

8 
143 

48 

RonrH   .\Ti.AWTir 

100 

Delaware 

202,322 
1,295.  .346 

33i;069 
2,061,612 
1,221,119 
2,206,287 
1,515,400 
2,609,121 

752,619 

8,409,901 

441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 

9,759 

218.0 
248.6 
872.9 
176.3 
141.0 
114.3 
101.7 
120.0 
112.8 

116.0 

127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 

3,685 

62.8 
93.3 
180.4 
59.9 
40.5 
41.5 
42.6 
42.6 
43.2 

43.8 

1 
48 

63 
637 
300 
538 
272 
463 
336 
506 
111 

2,050 

48 
321 
279 
421 
174 
214 
297 
455 
118 

1,233 

Maryland 

127 
29 

2 

7 
83 

1 
16 

1 

69 

14 
4 

54 
9 
2 

1 
75 

59 

District  of  Columbia 

16 

Virginia,   . 

31 
18 
150 

6 
24 

3 

276 

West  Virjrinia 

5 

1 

North  Carolina 

s 

1 

Georgia...          .             

2 

14 

Florida 

1 

East  South  Centeal 

12 

30 

27 

Kentuckv .  . 

2,289,905 
2,184,789 
2,13.8,093 
1,797,114 

8,784,534 

3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 

8,413 

154.5 
100.9 
95.4 
110.1 

95.8 

1,227 
932 
831 
695 

2,968 

53.6 
42.7 
38.9 
38.7 

33.8 

24 
186 
30 
36 

186 

667 
570 
437 
376 

1,524 

424 
245 
327 
237 

826 

50 
18 

5 

7 

27 
3 

18 

8 

.\labama  .   . 

1 
140 

1 

West  Sooth  Central 

6 

78 

56 

.\rkansas 

1,574,449 
1,6.56,388 
1,657,155 
3,896,542 

2,633,517 

1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 

3,574 

69.4 
130.3 

67.0 
104.0 

135.7 

255 

491 

743 

1,479 

1,623 

16.2 
29.6 
44.8 
38.0 

21.6 

110 

96 
216 
459 
753 

666 

118 

186 
155 
367 

372 

1 
71 

5 
63 

275 

1 

1 
1 
3 

Louisiana 

45 

1 

32 

197 

23 

Oklahoma 

1 
75 

30 

3 

Texas 

28 

MOUNTAIX 

71 

Montana 

376.053 
325,594 
145,965 
790,024 
327,301 
204,354 
373,351 
81.875 

4,192,304 

697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 

10,204 

185.3 
119.2 
111.0 
150.1 

66.9 
164.9 

91.6 
280.9 

243.4 

278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 

3,463 

73.9 
62.3 
28.8 
90.4 
25.7 
66.1 
27.6 
68.4 

82.6 

120 
94 
18 

272 
28 
46 
S4 
34 

1,545 

72 
33 
11 
115 
39 
44 
37 
21 

981 

Idaho 

46 

46 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

18 

228; 

7 

151 

70 

New  Mexico 

7 
5 

•  i  i 

1 

Utah 

1 

Pacific 

31 

97 

561 

12 

29 

Washington i 

1,141,990 

672,765 
2,377,549 

1,987 
1,565 
6,652 

174.0 
232.6 
279.8 

884 

590 

1,989 

77.4 
87.7 
83.7 

1 

470 
303 
772 

220 
153 
608 

1 
46 
50 

'        ..1 

1 

44  ' 

12 

2 

California 

30 

12 

26 

COMPARISON,  BY  STATES. 


17 


MAPS  SHOWING  RATIO  OF  INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  PER  100,000  POPULATION, 
AND  RATIO  OF  INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910  PER  100,000  POPULATION. 

The  following  maps  are  based  upon  the  ratios  given  In  Table  3.  In  Map  1  the  states  are  graded  with  reference  to  the  ratio  of  insane  enumerated  In  hospitals  on 
January  1  lyio,  per  100,000  populatioa;  and  in  Map  2,  with  reference  to  the  ratio  of  insane  admitted  in  the  year  I'JIO.  Tiie  numbers  in  the  legend  in  the  lower  left- 
hand  conier  of  each  map  are  the  numbers  per  100,000  population.  Thus  in  the  first  map  the  states  left  unshaded  are  those  in  which  there  were  less  than  100  insane  in 
hospitals  to  100,000  population,  and  at  the  other  extreme  are  the  states  in  which  the  ratio  was  over  300  per  100,000  population.  In  the  second  map  the  unshaded  states 
are  those  in  which  the  number  of  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  the  year  1910  was  less  than  40  to  100,000  population,  while  the  states  in  black  represent  those  in  which 
the  ratio  of  admissions  per  100,000  population  was  over  100. 

M.\p  1. — R.iTio  OF  Insane  Enumerated  in  Hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  Per  100,000  Population. 


Map  2. — Ratio  of  Insane  Admitted  to  Hospitals  in  1910  Per  100,000  Population. 


I        Iles3  than  40'- 
I!  I  I  |40  TO  50 

50  TO  60 

60  TO  70 
ES'^O  to  80 
tZZeO  TO  90 
111190  TO  100 

IMBil  I  00    AND   OVER 


27622°— 14- 


18 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


The  number  of  insane  cared  for  in  almshouses  not 
having  separate  departments  for  this  class  would  ap- 
pear to  be  comparatively  small,  the  total  number  of 
paupers  returned  as  insane  in  the  1910  census  of  alms- 
house population  being  only  3,518.  In  1904  the  num- 
ber was  8,432.  This  would  indicate  that  the  practice 
of  placing  the  indigent  insane  in  ordinary  almshouses 
is  becoming  less  general.  It  is  probable,  however,  that 
the  number  of  cases  of  insanity  reported  in  the  special 
census  of  almshouse  population  is  deficient.  The  in- 
mates received  in  almshouses  are  not  in  general  sub- 
jected to  any  examination  or  diagnosis  at  all  adequate 
to  determiny  the  question  of  their  sanity,  and  many 
probably  are  insane  who  are  not  so  reported. 

After  due  allowance  has  been  made,  however,  for 
those  factors  which  affect  the  ratio  of  institutional 
insane  to  total  population  and  yet  have  nothing  to  do 
with  the  relative  number  of  cases  of  insanity  in  the 
commimity,  it  is  nevertheless  reasonably  certain  that 
the  rates  given  in  Table  3  are  also  affected  by  actual 
differences  in  the  prevalence  of  insanity  in  the  differ- 
ent sections  of  the  United  States.  Such  differences 
naturally  result  from  variations  in  the  composition 
of  the  population  as  regards  sex,  color,  race,  nativity, 
and  age,  and  to  an  even  greater  extent  probably  from 
variations  in  the  proportion  of  the  population  living 
in  cities  or  engaged  in  industrial  or  commercial  as 
distinguished  from  agricultural  pursuits.  The  migra- 
tion of  the  native  population  within  the  United  States 
doubtless  has  some  effect  upon  the  prevalence  of  in- 
sanity in  the  different  sections.  The  defectives  and 
subnormals  do  not  usually  emigrate.  They  are  left 
behind  in  the  older  sections  of  the  country  while  the 
newer  sections  are  being  settled  by  more  vigorous  and 
energetic  representatives  of  the  native  stock. 

The  following  table  indicates  the  variations  in  the 
relative  importance  of  some  of  these  factors  in  different 
sections  of  the  United  States.  It  shows,  for  instance, 
that  in  New  England  83.3  per  cent  of  the  total  popu- 
lation in  1910  was  urban,  27.9  per  cent  foreign  born, 
5.5  per  cent  born  in  other  parts  of  the  United  States, 
27.  2  per  cent  imder  15  years  of  age,  and  5.9  per  cent 
65  years  of  age  and  over,  and  that  the  number  of 
males  to  100  females  in  the  total  population  was 
99.  3.  Without  attempting  at  this  point  to  trace  out 
or  establish  any  causal  relationship  between  the  ratios 
and  percentages  presented  in  tliis  table,  attention  may 
be  called  to  the  fact  that  a  high  ratio  of  insane  in  in- 
stitutions appears  to  be  associated  with  a  relatively 
high  percentage  of  urban  population  and  of  foreign 
bom,  and  with  a  relativelv  small  percentage  of  children 
and  a  relatively  high  percentage  of  old  people.  It  may 
be  further  noted  that  the  sex  ratios,  given  in  the  last 
column  of  the  table,  appear  to  be  independent  of  the 
variation  in  the  ratios  of  insane.  The  possible  effect 
which   some   of   these   factors   may   have   upon   the 


insanity  rate  will  be  considered  in  the  sections  which 
follow  discussing  statistics  relative  to  the  age,  sex, 
race,  and  nativity  of  the  insane  in  hospitals  and  also 
statistics  relative  to  their  place  of  residence  prior 
to  admission. 


Table  4 

INSANE    IN 

HOSPITALH 

PER  CENT  OF  TOTAL  POPXHATION: 

Males 

PER  100.000 

1910. 

to  100 

POPULATION. 

fe- 

males 

DIVISION. 

in  the 

Enu- 

Ad- 
mit- 
ted in 
1910. 

Born 

65 

total 

mer- 

Ur- 
ban. 

For- 

in 

Under 

years 

pop- 

ated on 

eign 

other 

15 

ofage 

ula- 

Jan. 1, 

born. 

divi- 

vears 

and 

tion. 

1910. 

sions. 

olage. 

over. 

United  States.. 

204.2 

66.1 

46.3 

14.7 

32.1 

4.3 

106.0 

New  England 

29S.8 

106. 0 

83.3 

27.9 

5.5 

27.2 

5.9 

99.3 

Middle  Atlantic 

271.2 

75.9 

71.0 

25.1 

4  9 

29.0 

4  4 

103.3 

East  North  Central... 

226.0 

72.3 

52.7 

16.8 

9  3 

29.6 

6.1 

106.0 

West  North  Central.. 

194.9 

64.1 

33.3 

13.9 

20.2 

31.9 

4.6 

109.9 

South  Atlantic 

163.6 

55.1 

25.4 

2.5 

4.7 

37.5 

3.6 

101.2 

East  South  Central. . . 

116.0 

43.  S 

IS.  7 

1.0 

7.3 

3S.  1 

3.5 

101.9 

West  South  Central . . 

95.8 

33.8 

22.3 

4.0 

23.3 

38.8 

2.8 

107.2 

Mountain 

135.7 

61.6 

36.0 

17.2 

40.2 

31.1 

3.0 

127.9 

Pacific 

243.4 

82.6 

56.8 

22.8 

40.3 

24.3 

4.5 

129.5 

The  rank  of  the  several  geographic  divisions  accord- 
ing to  the  ratio  of  insane  in  hospitals  to  total  popula- 
tion at  each  census  from  1880  to  1910,  inclusive,  and 
also  their  rank  according  to  the  ratio  of  total  insane 
enumerated  in  1880  and  1890,  are  shown  in  Table  5. 
The  ratios  on  which  the  ranking  is  based  are  given 
in  Table  7. 


Table  5 

SANK  OF  GEOGRAPHIC  DIVISIONS  ACCORDING  TO— 

DIVISIOH. 

Ratio  of  insane  present  in 
hospitals  to  total  population. 

Ratio  of  total 

insane  to  total 

population. 

1910 

19W 

1890 

1880 

1890 

1880 

New  F.nplftTiH 

1 
2 
4 
5 
6 
8 
9 
7 
3 

3 

4 
5 
6 
8 
9 
7 
1 

3 

2 
4 
6 
5 
8 
9 
7 
1 

2 
3 

4 
6 
5 
7 
8 
9 
1 

1 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
9 
8 

2 

1 

Middle  \tlantic. 

3 

4 

West  North  Central      .     . 

7 

6 

Fast  South  Central 

8 

8 

Mountain 

9 

Pacific 

2 

There  is  in  general  a  close  similarity  in  the  order  of 
the  rank  of  the  geographic  divisions  at  the  different 
censuses.  Comparing  one  census  with  another,  there 
are  few  instances  of  a  change  or  difference  of  more 
than  one  place  in  the  rank  of  any  division,  and  no 
instance  of  a  difference  of  more  than  two  places.  Of 
course  it  was  not  to  be  expected  that  there  would  be 
no  changes  in  the  interval  between  1880  and  1910; 
the  rank  of  the  several  divisions  may  have  been 
affected  by  changes  in  the  actual  prevalence  of  in- 
sanity as  well  as  in  the  provisions  made  for  the 
institutional  care  of  the  insane.  It  is  significant, 
however,  that  the  ranking  according  to  the  ratio  of 
total  insane,  shown  for  the  censuses  of  1880  and  1890 
does  not  differ  much  from  that  according  to  the  insane 
in  hos])itals  shown  for  each  of  the  four  censuses.  For 
the  census  of  1880  the  rank  according  to  the  ratio  of 


INCREASE,  BY  STATES. 


19 


insane  in  hospitals  and  that  according  to  total  insane 
are  idezitical  in  the  case  of  five  of  the  divisions  and 
differ  by  only  one  in  the  case  of  the  four  other  divisions. 
For  1890  the  similarity  is  not  quite  as  close,  but  the 
enumeration  of  the  insane  in  the  total  population  at 
that  census  is  believed  to  have  been  less  complete  than 
it  was  in  1880.  The  rank  according  to  the  ratio  of 
insane  in  hospitals  in  1910  and  that  according  to  total 
insane  in  1880  are  identical  in  the  case  of  two  divisions, 
and  differ  by  only  one  in  the  case  of  four  divisions  and 
by  two  in  the  case  of  the  three  remaining  divisions. 


INCREASE,    BY    STATES. 

Table  6  shows  for  1910  and  1904  the  number  of 
insane  present  in  hospitals  on  January  1  and  the 
number  adnaitted  during  the  year,  with  the  ratios 
per  100,000  of  the  general  population,  and  also  the 
increase  from  1904  to  1910.  There  is  included  in 
this  table  the  estinaated  population  in  1904  on  which 
the  ratios  for  that  year  are  based.  The  enumerated 
population  in  1910,  having  been  included  in  a  pre- 
ceding table,  is  not  repeated  here. 


Table  6 


DIVISION  AUD  STATE. 


United  States. 


Geographic  divisions: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central. . 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central . . 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 


New  England; 

Maine 

New  Hampshire. 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 


Middle  -Atlantic: 
New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania.. 


East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 


West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missotiri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 


South  .\tlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia. , 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 


East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Teimessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 


West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 


MotrNTAlx: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico. 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 


PAcmc: 

Washington. 

Oregon 

California 


insane  in  hospitals. 


Number. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1— 


1910 


19,580 
62,380 
41,246 
22,683 
19,952 
9,759 
8,413 
3,574 
10,204 


1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 


31,280 
6,042 
15,058 


10,594 
4,527 

12,  SiO 
6,699 
6,587 


4,744 
5,:i77 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 


441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 


3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 


1,092 
2,15S 
1,110 
4,053 


697 
388 
162 
,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 


1,987 
1.565 
6,652 


1901 


14,855 
42,562 
33,039 
18,595 
16,514 
7,867 
6,010 
2,529 
8,180 


885 

496 

887 

8,679 

1,077 

2,831 


26, 176 
4,865 
11,521 


8,621 
4,358 
9,607 
5,430 
5,023 


4,070 
4,385 
5,103 
446 
595 
1,536 
2,460 


353 
2,505 
2,453 
3,137 
1,475 
1,883 
1,156 
2,839 

713 


3,058 
1,713 
1,603 
1,493 


667 
1,585 

413 
3,345 


543 
255 
96 
754 
113 
224 
344 
200 


1,178 
1,285 
5,717 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


1910 


6,986 
14,669 
13, 191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,968 
1,623 
3,463 


509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 


8,530 
1,640 
4,499 


3,336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 


1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 


127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 


1,227 
932 
831 
695 


255 

491 

743 

1,479 


278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 


88-1 

590 

1,989 


1904 


49,622 


6,242 
11,279 
12,551 
6, 6:i:i 
5, 383 
2,722 
1,359 
1,084 
2,369 


333 
352 

268 

4,001 

424 

864 


6,630 
1,290 
3,359 


3,386 
1,396 
4,228 
1,447 
2,094 


1,227 
1,563 
1,949 
175 
132 
663 
924 


106 
816 
702 
906 
428 
609 
544 
969 
303 


951 
613 
681 

477 


89 
273 
236 
761 


165 
94 
37 

503 
26 

113 

115 
31 


496 

377 

1,496 


Ratio  per   100,000  population. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1 — 


1910 


204.2 


298.8 
271.2 
226. 0 
194.9 
163.6 
116.0 
95.  S 
135.7 
243.4 


169.5 
211.1 
278.1 
344.6 
229.1 
321.1 


343. 2 
238.1 
196.4 


222.2 
167.6 
227.7 
238.4 
282.2 


228.5 
241.7 
187.3 
108. 8 
148.0 
166.9 
172.2 


218.0 
248.6 
872.9 
176.3 
141.0 
114.3 
101.7 
120.0 
112.  g 


154.5 
100.9 
95.4 
110.1 


69.4 
130.3 

67.0 
104.0 


185.3 
119.2 
111.0 
1501 

66.9 
164.9 

91.6 
280.9 


174.0 
232.6 
279.8 


1904 


250.1 
232.5 
196.6 
171.9 
149.1 
100.1 
81.8 
125.0 
267.2 


124.3 
lis.  5 
254.8 
288.4 
229.2 
287.9 


329.7 
229.4 
169.5 


196.9 
168.7 
187.7 
211.9 
232.0 


217.8 
196.7 
160.8 
108.1 
127.2 
138.1 
158.7 


184.7 
204.2 
.823.9 
162.6 
139.9 
93.8 
82.3 
120.4 
116.9 


139.1 
82.3 
82.6 
91.0 


47.4 
107.0 
37.4 
99.7 


186.3 
115.3 

85.8 
119.0 

46.5 
146.9 
no  3 
352.8 


158.2 
253.2 
316.0 


-Vdmitted  during 
the  year. 


1910 


66.1 


106.6 
7.1.9 
72.3 
64.1 
55.1 
43.8 
33.8 
61.6 
82.6 


68.6 
75.7 
75.9 

125.8 
90.3 

103.6 


93.6 
64.6 
58.7 


70.0 
47.0 
71.9 
70.2 
109.6 


68.7 
67.9 
84-4 
38.8 
34.9 
34.5 
53.5 


62.8 
98.3 
180.4 
59.9 
40.5 
41.5 
42.6 
42.6 
43.2 


53.6 
42.7 
38.9 
38.7 


16.2 
29.6 
44.8 
3.S,0 


73.9 
62.3 
28.8 
90.4 
25.7 
66.1 
27.6 
68.4 


77. 
.87. 
Si. ' 


1904 


105.1 
66.9 
74.7 
61.3 
48.6 
34.6 
18.5 
53.6 
77.4 


46.8 
84.1 
77.0 
133.0 
90.2 
87.9 


83.5 
60.8 
49.4 


77.3 
54.0 
82.6 
56.5 
96.7 


65.6 
701 
61.4 
42.4 
28.2 
59.6 
59.6 


65.5 
66.5 
235.8 
47.0 
40.6 
30.3 
38.8 
41.1 
49.7 


43.2 
29.5 
35.1 
29.1 


6.3 
18.4 
21.4 
22.7 


56.6 
42.5 
33.1 
79.4 
10  7 
74.1 
36.9 
54.7 


66.6 
74.3 
82.7 


increase  '  OF  insane  in  hospitals. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Increase: 
1904- 
1910 


37,640 


4,725 
9,818 
8,207 
4,088 
3,438 
1,892 
2,403 
1,045 
2,024 


373 
413 

103 

2,922 

166 

748 


5,104 
1,177 
3,537 


1,973 
169 
3,232 
1,269 
1,564 


674 
992 
,066 
182 
269 
454 
452 


88 
715 
437 
498 
247 
639 
385 
293 
136 


480 
491 
436 
485 


425 
673 

697 
70S 


154 
133 

66 
446 
106 
113 
-2 

30 


809 
280 
935 


Per 

cent  of 

increase. 


31.8 
23.1 
24.8 
22.0 
20.8 
24.1 
40  0 
41.3 
24.7 


42.1 
83.3 
11.6 
33.7 
15.4 
26.4 


19.5 
24.2 
.30  7 


22.9 
3.9 
33.6 
23.4 
31.1 


16.6 
22.6 
20.9 
40  8 
4.5.2 
29.6 
18.4 


24.9 
28.5 
17.8 
15.9 
16.7 
33.9 
33.3 
10.3 
19.1 


15.7 
28.7 
27.2 
32.5 


63.7 
36.2 
168.  8 
21.2 


28.4 
52.2 
68.8 
59.0 
93.8 
50.4 
-0.6 
15.0 


68.7 
21.8 
16.4 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Increase: 
1904- 
1910 


11,147 


744 
3,390 

640 

826 
1,342 

963 
1,609 

539 
1,094 


2 

235 

66 

291 


1,900 

:i50 

1,140 


-50 

-126 

-175 

527 

464 


198 

-62 

.830 

49 

72 

-252 

-19 


21 

457 

-105 

328 

67 
307 
102 
143 

22 


276 
319 
150 
218 


166 
218 
507 
718 


113 
109 
5 
219 
58 
22 
-12 
25 


388 
213 
493 


Per 
cent  of 
increase. 


22.5 


11.9 
30.1 
5.1 
12.5 
24.9 
35.4 
118,4 
49.7 
46.2 


52.9 
-7.4 
0  7 
5.9 
15.6 
33.7 


28.7 
27.1 
33.9 


-1.5 
-9.0 
-4.1 

."6.4 
22.2 


16.1 
-3.3 
42.6 
28. 0 
54.  5 
-38.0 
-2.1 


19.8 
66.0 
-15.0 
36,2 
15.7 
50  4 
18.8 
14.8 
7.3 


29.0 
52.0 
22.0 
45.7 


186.5 
79.9 

214.8 
94.3 


68.6 

116.0 

13.5 

43.5 

223.1 

19.6 

-10.4 

80.6 


78.2 
66.5 
33.0 


Per  cent 
of  in- 
crease t 
in  total 
popula- 
tion, 
1904- 
1910 


12.4 


10.3 
14.6 
8.6 
7.6 

lai 

7.0 
19.5 
30  2 
37.0 


4.3 
2.9 
2.3 
11.9 
16.5 
13.4 


14.8 
19.6 
12.8 


8.9 
4.5 
10.2 


11.1 
-0  2 
3.7 
39.8 
24.  S 
7.2 
9.1 


5.9 
5.6 

11.2 
6.8 

15.9 
9.9 
7.9 

10.6 

23.4 


4.1 
5.0 
10  2 
9.5 


11.9 
11.8 
50.0 
16.1 


29.0 
47.2 
.30.4 
26.1 
.34.6 
34.0 
19.7 
44.4 


53.4 
32.5 
31.4 


Estimated 

population 

Jan.l, 

1904.3 


81,792,387 


5,940,611 
16,  ,856, 794 
16,807,496 
10,816,704 
11,079,020 
7,860,600 
7,349,559 
2,022,596 
3,061,007 


711,849 
418,476 
348, 110 
3,008,941 
469, 942 
983,293 


7,9.38,286 
2,120,804 
6,796,70* 


4,378,741 

2,5,83,381 
5,118,030 
2,662,207 
2, 165, 137 


1,869,078 
2,229,286 
3,174,401 
412,732 
467,827 
1,111,989 
1,650,491 


191,118 
1,226,9.S2 

2,17,715 
1,929,462 
1,053,9,88 
2,007,198 
1,403,860 
2,358,864 

609,853 


2, 198,  f 66 
2,080,189 
1,940,967 
1,640,478 


1,406,956 
1,481,330 
1,104,911 
3, 356,  .362 


291,490 
221,217 
111,921 
633,800 
243.206 
152,476 
311,  .802 
56, 684 


744,492 

507,603 

1,808,912 


'  ,\  minus  sign  (  — )  denotes  decrease. 


2  For  population  enumerated  in  1910,  see  Table  3.  p.  16. 


20 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


The  number  of  insane  in  hospitals  increased  between 
1904 'and  1910  in  every  geogi"aphic  division  and,  with 
one  exception  (Utah),  in  every  state.  The  increase  as 
measured  on  a  percentage  basis  was  exceptionally  high 
in  the  Mountain  division  (41. .3  percent)  and  in  the  West 
South  Central  (40  per  cent).  These  divisions  represent 
to  a  large  extent  territory  which  has  been  settled  only  a 
comparatively  short  time  and  in  which  there  has  been 
a  rapid  growth  of  population.  A  large  increase  of  popu- 
lation naturally  involves  a  corresponding  increase  in 
the  number  of  insane.  It  is  not  improbable,  moreover, 
that  in  recently  developed  sections  of  country  there 
may  be  considerable  improvement  and  extension  of 
the  facdities  for  caring  for  the  insane  in  institutions. 
In  the  Pacific  division,  however,  which  had  by  far  the 
most  rapid  growth  in  population  of  any  section  of  the 
United  States,  the  percentage  of  increase  in  the  num- 
ber of  insane  in  hospitals  (24.7)  was  not  above  the  aver- 
age for  the  country  as  a  whole;  and  it  is  somewhat  sur- 
prising to  find  that  the  geographic  division  which,  as 
regards  the  percentage  of  increase  in  the  insane  in 
hospitals,  ranks  tliird,  or  next  to  the  West  South  Cen- 
tral division,  is  New  England,  representing  one  of  the 
oldest  and  most  densely  populated  sections  of  the 
United  States.  Here  there  was  an  increase  of  31.8  per 
cent  in  the  number  of  insane  in  hospitals,  although 
the  increase  in  the  total  population  was  only  10.3  per 
cent.  In  the  other  divisions  the  percentages  of  increase 
in  the  number  of  insane  in  hospitals  were  fairly  uni- 
form, ranging  from  20.8  in  the  South  Atlantic  division 
to  24.8  in  the  East  North  Central. 

Among  the  several  states,  as  would  probably  be 
anticipated,  the  range  of  variation  in  the  percentage 
of  increase  in  the  number  of  irmiates  of  hospitals  for 
the  insane  is  greater  than  it  is  among  the  several 
geographic  divisions.  In  Utah  there  was,  in  fact,  a 
slight  decrease,  and  in  Indiana  there  was  an  increase 
of  only  3.9  per  cent,  but  in  no  other  state  was  the  in- 
crease less  than  10  per  cent.  At  the  other  extreme  is 
Oklahoma,  with  an  mcrease  of  168.8  per  cent,  followed 
by  New  Mexico  (93.8  per  cent  increase)  and  New 
Hampshire  (83.3  per  cent).  There  are  six  other  states 
(Arkansas,  Idaho,  Wyoming,  Colorado,  Arizona,  and 
Washington)  in  which  the  increase  was  over  50  per 
cent. 

The  mcrease  in  the  number  of  admissions  to  hospi- 
tals for  the  insane  in  the  year  1910,  as  compared  with 
the  year  1904,  exhibits  a  still  wider  range  ot  variation 
and  shows  no  very  close  correspondence  to  the  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  inmates  present  on  a  given  day. 
New  England,  which,  as  already  noted,  ranks  third 
among  the  geographic  divisions  as  regards  the  percent- 
age of  increase  in  the  number  of  umaates  present,  ranks 
next  to  the  last  as  regards  the  percentage  of  increase  in 
the  number  of  admissions.  The  latter  percentage  was 
highest  (118.4)  in  the  West  South  Central  division;  the 


Mountain  division  ranks  next,  although  with  a  much 
lower  percentage  (49.7) ;  and  the  Pacific  division  tliird, 
with  46.2  per  cent. 

The  increase  in  the  number  of  admissions  reached 
223.1  per  cent  in  New  Mexico  and  214.8  per  cent  in 
Oklahoma;  there  were  two  other  states — Arkansas 
and  Idaho — in  which  the  percentage  exceeded  100,  and 
eleven  states  in  which  it  was  between  50  and  100. 
There  were,  on  the  other  hand,  nine  states  in  which  the 
number  of  admissions  was  smaller  in  1910  than  it  was 
in  1904,  one  of  these  being  New  Hampshire,  the  state 
which,  as  regards  the  percentage  of  increase  in  the 
number  of  inmates  present,  ranked  third.  In  Nebraska 
there  wa:s  the  exceptionally  large  decrease  of  38  per 
cent  in  the  number  of  admissions. 

Reference  has  been  made  to  the  relation  between 
the  increase  in  the  general  population  and  that  in  the 
number  of  insane.  In  the  country  as  a  whole  and  in 
most  of  the  states  and  geogi-aphic  divisions  the  per- 
centage of  increase  for  the  insane  in  hospitals  exceeded 
that  in  the  total  population,  which,  of  course,  involves 
an  increase  in  the  ratio  of  insane  to  total  population. 
Table  6  gives  the  ratios  for  1910  and  1904.  The 
Pacific  division  is  the  only  one  in  which  the  ratio 
of  insane  present  in  hospitals  to  total  population  was 
lower  in  1910  than  1904. 

Comparing  the  ratios  for  the  several  states  it  will 
be  found  that  there  are  four  states — Utah,  Nevada, 
Oregon,  and  California — in  which  there  was  an  appre- 
ciable decHne  in  the  ratio.  The  decline  which  occurred 
in  five  other  states — Rhode  Island,  Indiana,  Georgia, 
Florida,  and  Montana — was  so  shght  that  the  ratios 
may  be  regarded  as  practically  unchanged.  AU  the 
other  states  show  an  increase  in  the  ratio,  and  most  of 
them  a  very  decided  increase. 

In  the  ratio  of  admissions  instances  of  a  decrease 
are  more  numerous.  These  instances  occur  in  the 
ratios  for  one  geographic  division,  the  East  North 
Central,  and  in  those  for  fifteen  states.  The  decreases 
are  not  localized  in  any  one  section,  three  of  the  states 
being  in  New  England,  three  in  the  East  North  Central 
division,  four  in  the  West  North  Central,  two  in  the 
South  Atlantic,  and  three  in  the  Mountain  division. 

Table  7  gives  the  number  of  insane  enumerated  in 
hospitals  at  each  census  from  1880  to  1910,  inclusive, 
with  the  ratios  per  100,000  of  the  general  population. 
With  few  exceptions  the  ratios  show  an  increase  from 
census  to  census  in  every  state  and  geographic  division. 
The  table  gives  also  the  total  number  of  insane  enu- 
merated in  1880  and  in  1890  whether  -within  hospitals 
or  outside,  and  the  ratio  of  this  total  to  total  population. 
The  fact  that  the  ratio  was  lower  in  1890  than  in  1880 
for  the  country  as  a  whole,  for  most  of  the  states, 
and  for  all  but  one  of  the  geographic  divisions  is  to  be 
regarded  as  indicative  of  the  incompleteness,  already 
noted,  of  the  later  census  as  compared  with  the  earUer. 


INCREASE,  BY  STATES. 


21 


Table  7 


DIVISION  AND  STATE. 


United  States. 


Geographic  DmsioNs: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central.. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central.. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 


New  Engund: 

Maine 

New  Hampshire.. 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Coimecticut 


Middle  .\tlaniic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania. . 


East  Noeth  Centbal: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 


West  North  Central; 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 


South  -\tlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia. 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 


East  South  Central: 

Kentucky , 

Tennessee , 

.\labama 

Mississippi 


West  South  Central: 

Arkansas... , 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 


Mountain: 

Montana.. . . 

Idaho 

Wyoming. .. 

Colorado 

New  Me.xico. 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 


Pacific: 

Washington. 

Or^on 

California 


INSANE  enumerated  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Jan.  1, 1910. 


Jan.  1, 1904. 


Number. 


187,791 


19,580 
52,380 
41,246 
22,683 
19,952 
9,759 
8,413 
3,574 
10,204 


1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 


31,280 
6,042 
15,058 


10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 


4,744 
5,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 


441 
3,220 
2,S90 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 


3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 


1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 


697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 


1,987 
1,565 
6,652 


Per      ! 
tion. 


204.2 


271.2 
226.0 
194.9 
163.6 
116.0 
95.8 
135.7 
243.4 


169.5 
211.1 
278.1 
344.6 
229.1 
321.1 


343.2 
238.1 
196.4 


222.2 
167.6 
227.7 
238.4 
282.2 


228.5 
241.7 
187.3 
10S.8 
14S.0 
166.9 
172.2 


218.0 
248.6 
872.9 
176.3 
141.0 
114.3 
101.7 
120.0 
112.8 


154.5 
100.9 
95.4 
110.1 


69.4 
130.3 

67.0 
104.0 


185.3 
119.2 
111.0 
150.1 

66.9 
164.9 

91.6 
280.9 


174.0 
232.6 
279.8 


150, 151 


14,855 
42,562 
33.039 
18,395 
16,514 
7,867 
6,010 
2,529 
8,180 


Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


183.6 


250.1 
252.5 
196.6 
171.9 
149.1 
100.1 
81.8 
125.0 
287.2 


496 

887 

8,679 

1,077 

2,831 


26,176 
4,865 
11,521 


8,621 
4,3.W 
9,607 
5,430 
5,023 


4,070 
4,385 

5,iro 

446 

595 

1,536 

2,460 


353 
2,505 
2,453 
3,137 
1,475 
1,883 
1,156 
2,839 

713 


3,058 
1,713 
1,603 
1,493 


667 
1,585 

413 
3,345 


543 
235 
96 
754 
113 
224 
344 
200 


1,178 
1,285 
5,717 


124.3 
118.5 
2.T4.8 
2SS.4 
229.2 
287.9 


329.7 
229.4 
169.5 


196.9 
168.7 
187.7 
211.9 
232.0 


217.8 
1%.7 
160.8 
108.1 
127.2 
138.1 
158.7 


184.7 
204.2 
823.9 
162.6 
139.9 
93.8 
82.3 
120.4 
116.9 


139.1 
82.3 
82.6 
91.0 


47.4 
107.0 
37.4 
99.7 


186.3 
115.3 

85.  S 
119.0 

46.5 
146.9 
110.3 
332.8 


158.2 
2,53.2 
316.0 


June  1, 1890. 


Ntiinber. 


74,028 


7,693 
21,435 
15, 674 
8,641 
9,007 
4,493 
2,043 
838 
4,184 


612 
342 
481 

4,054 
660 

1,544 


13,434 
1,744 
6,257 


4,960 
1,798 
4.767 
2,771 
1,378 


1.839 

2,030 

2.417 

200 

232 

642 

1,261 


142 

1,416 

1,496 

1,764 

860 

972 

664 

1.491 

202 


1,991 
806 

1.014 
682 


390 
608 


Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


118.2 


163.7 
168.8 
116.3 
97.2 
101.7 
69.9 
45.0 
74.2 
223.6 


June  1, 1880. 


'      Per 
tion. 


40,942 


5,294 
12,710 
8,966 
3,493 
4,660 
2,549 
800 
107 
2,363 


1,045 


172 
63 
23 

239 


65 
124 
172 


341 

.554 

3,289 


92.6 
90.8 
144.7 
181.1 
191.0 
206.9 


224.0 
120.7 
119.0 


133.1 
82.0 
124.6 
132.3 
81.7 


142.8 
106.2 
90.2 
109.5 
70.6 
BO.  6 
88.4 


84.3 
135.8 
649.3 
106.5 
112.7 
60.1 
57.7 
81.1 
51.6 


107.1 
45.6 
67.0 
52.9 


34.6 
54.4 


403 
288 
454 
3,085 
392 
672 


8,079 
1,632 
2,999 


3,499 
920 
2,195 
1,122 
1,230 


913 
l.:!50 


175 
319 


81.6 


132.0 
121.1 
80.0 
56.7 
61.3 
45.6 
24.0 
16.4 
212.0 


912 
860 
,098 
394 
269 
425 
626 
76 


1,404 
385 
373 
387 


490 
350 


130.1 
74.7 
37.9 
38.0 


109.0 

59.6 

375.9 


97.6 
176.6 
272.2 


29 


91 

262 

2,010 


62.1 
83.0 
136.6 
173.0 
141.8 
107.9 


1.5S.9 
144.3 
70.0 


109.4 
46.5 
71.3 
68.5 
93.5 


90.7 
.36.2 
62.3 


38.7 
32.0 


97.5 
484.  2 
72.6 
63.7 
19.2 
42.7 
40.6 
28.2 


85.2 
25.0 
29.5 
34.2 


47.9 
22.0' 


17.5 


20.1 


121.1 
149.9 
232.5 


TOTAL  INSANE. 


June  1, 1890. 


June  1, 1880. 


Number. 


106,485 


12,037 
29,491 
24,770 
12,077 
11,710 
7,147 
3,377 
1,120 
4,756 


1,299 
961 
823 

6,103 
795 

2,056 


17,846 
3,163 
8,482 


7,600 
3,291 
6,641 
3,725 
3,513 


2,205 

3,197 

3,418 

221 

310 

932 

1,794 


197 
1,646 
1,578 
2,407 
1,079 
1,725 

912 
1,815 

351 


2,729 
1,845 
1,469 
1,104 


790 

910 

7 

1,670 


192 
83 
40 

328 
66 
64 

166 

183 


380 

640 

3,736 


Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


236.1 
232.2 
183.9 
135.8 
132.2 
111.2 
74.3 
96.9 
254.2 


Number. 


91,959 


11,147 

24,764 
21,290 

8,521 
11,476 

7,856 

3,355 
534 

3,018 


196.5 
255.2 
247.6 
272.6 
230.1 
275.5 


297.3 
218.9 
161.3 


207.0 
150.1 
173.6 
177.9 
208.3 


169.4 
167.2 
127.6 
121.0 
94.3 
88.0 
12,3.7 


116.9 
157.9 
684.9 
145. 4 
141.5 
106.6 
79.2 
98.8 
89.7 


146.8  , 
104.4  I 

97.1  ! 

85.6  i 


70.0 
81.4 
11.3 
74.7 


145.3 
98.4 
65.9 
79.1 
43.0 

107.3 
79.8 

399.9 


10S.8 
204.0 
309.2 


1,542 
1,036 
1,015 
5,127 
684 
1,723 


14,055 
2,403 
8,304 


7,286 
3,548 
5,134 
2,796 
2.526 


1.145 
2.  .344 
3.310 

72 

450 
l.MO 


198 
1.857 

938 
2.411 

982 
2,028 
1,112 
1,697 

253 


2,784 
2,404 
1,521 
1,147 


Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


151  I 
31  : 


133 

378  I 
2,503  1 


183.3 


277.9 
235.9 
190.0 
138.4 
151.1 
140.7 
100.6 
81.8 
270.6 


237.6 
304.3 
305.5 
287.5 
247.3 
276.7 


276.5 
212.6 
193.9 


227.8 
179.3 
166.8 
170.8 
192.0 


146.6 
156.5 
152.6 

53.3 

99.5 
100.4 


135.1 
198.6 
528.1 
159.4 
1.58.8 
144.9 
111.7 
110.0 
93.9 


168.9 
155.9 
120.5 
101.4 


789 

98.3 

1,002 

106.6 

1,564 

98.3 

.19 

150.7 

16 

49.1 

4 

19.2 

99 

50.9 

153 

128.0 

21 

51.9 

104.9 
49.8 


179.7 
216.3 
289.5 


Table2  of  the  general  tables  (p.  122)  gives  theuumber 
of  state,  comity,  and  jirivate  hospitals  in  each  state,  the 
aggregate  number  of  inmates  present  in  each  class  of 
institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  aggregate  num- 
ber admitted  during  the  year,  ^\'ith  the  average  num- 
ber present  and  admitted  per  institution. 

The  great  majority  of  the  insane  in  hospitals  are 
found  in  state  institutions.  The  159,096  inmates  of 
state  institutions  on  January  1,  1910,  represented  S4.7 
per  cent  of  the  total  number  in  all  classes  of  institu- 


tions, while  only  21,146,  or  11.3  per  cent  of  the  total, 
were  in  the  county  or  city  institutions,  and  only  7,549, 
or  4  per  cent,  in  private  hospitals.  The  average 
number  of  inmates  per  institution  is  1,113  in  the  case 
of  state  institutions,  201  for  city  or  county  institu- 
tions, and  64  for  private  hospitals.  Of  the  60,769 
patients  admitted  during  the  year,  45,873,  or  75.5  per 
cent,  were  received  in  state  institutions,  7,579,  or  12.5 
per  cent,  in  city  or  county  institutions,  and  7,317,  or 
12  per  cent,  in  private  hospitals. 


22 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


AGE. 

At  the  date  of  tlie  census. — The  age  distribution  of 
the  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1, 
1910,  is  shown  by  the  following  table,  which  also  gives 
the  age  distribution  of  those  admitted  to  the  institu- 
tions during  the  3'ear. 


Table  8 

INSANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 

Per  cent 

AGE  GROUP. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

.Admitted  during 
the  year. 

distri- 
bution 
of  the 
total 

Number. 

Per  cent 
distribu- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per  cent 
distribu- 
tion. 

popula- 
tion: 
1910. 

Total  . 

187,791 

60,769 

Age  reported 

184,557 

100.0 

59,812 

100.0 

100.0 

Under  15  years 

341 
2,312 

0.2 

1.3 

4.2 

7.6 

10.3 

12.4 

12.6 

12.4 

11.3 

8.9 

6.9 

5.2 

3.4 

1.9 

1.3 

327 
2,539 
5,701 
7,027 
7,295 
7,495 
6,409 
5,681 
4,877 
3,368 
2,872 
2,191 
1,776 
1,180 
1,014 

957 

0.5 

4.2 

9.5 

11.7 

12.2 

12.5 

10.8 

9.5 

8.2 

5.6 

4.8 

3.7 

3.0 

2.0 

1.7 

32.1 

9.9 

20  to  24  years  . .   . 

7,801 

9.9 

14,083 
19,091 
22,856 
23,321 
22,874 
20,885 
16,383 
12,729 
9,545 
6,263 
3,596 
2,477 

3,234 

8.9 

30  to  34  years 

7.6 

7.0 

40  to  44  years 

5.7 

4.9 

50  to  54  years  .  - 

4.2 

3.0 

60  to  64  years  . .   . 

2.5 

65  to  69  years 

1.8 

70  to  74  years  . 

1.2 

0.7 

80  years  and  over  . 

0.5 

Age  unknown 

The  inmates  of  hospitals  for  the  insane  include  very 
few  children  and  a  comparatively  large  number  of  old 
people.  Of  the  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on 
January  1,  1910,  only  0.2  per  cent  were  under  15 
years  of  age  and  11.9  per  cent  were  65  years  of  age 
and  over,  while  of  the  total  population  of  the  United 
States  in  1910,  32.1  per  cent  were  under  the  age  of  15 
and  only  4.3  per  cent  had  reached  the  age  of  65.  For 
the  general  population  the  median  age  is  approxi- 
mately 24 — that  is  to  say,  there  are  approximately  as 
many  people  over  24  as  there  are  under  24;  for  the 
insane  enumerated  it  is  about  44. 

Diagram  2. — Distribution  Bt  Age  Periods  of  the  Insane 
Enumerated  in  Hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the 
Insane  Admitted  During  the  Year. 


THOUSANDS 


m 


— P 


ENUMERATED    JAN.  I.  1010 


ADMITTED    DURING     <»tO 


Tlie  age  distribution  of  the  insane  in  hospitals 
is  indicated  graphically  by  Diagram  2,  the  bars  on 
the  left  indicating  the  number  of  insane  enumerated 
in  each  age  group  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  more 


darkly  shaded  bars  on  the  right  mdicating  the  num- 
ber admitted  ia  each  age  group  during  the  year  1910. 

The  insane  admitted  ia  any  one  year  are  naturally 
considerably  younger  than  the  insane  present  on  a 
given  date.  Of  the  insane  admitted  in  1910,  14.3  per 
cent  were  under  25  years  of  age,  as  compared  with  5.7 
per  cent  of  the  insane  enumerated  on  January  1,  1910. 
The  median  age  for  the  former  was  about  39,  while 
for  the  latter  it  was,  as  previously  noted,  about  44. 

When  first  admitted. — Another  age  classification  has 
been  made  on  the  basis  of  the  age  when  first  admitted 
to  any  hospital  for  the  insane,  this  information  having 
been  obtained  for  54,591  of  the  60,769  persons  ad- 
mitted to  insane  asylums  in  1910,  and  for  173,880  of 
the  187,791  inmates  of  insane  asylums  on  January  1, 
1910.  This  classification  according  to  age  when  first 
admitted  is  given  in  Table  9. 


Table  9 


AGE   WHEN   FIRST   ADMITTED   TO   ANY 
HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE. 


INSANE  IN  hospitals:   1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Number. 


Total. 


187, 791 


Age  reported 173, 1 


Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over. 

Age  unknown 


1,079 

8,102 

21,432 

27, 195 

26,655 

24,225 

18, 764 

14,784 

11,167 

6,922 

5,239 

3,587 

2,376 

1,435 

918 

13,911 


Per  cent 
distri- 
bution. 


100.0 


0.6 

4.7 

12.3 

15.6 

15.3 

13.9 

10.8 

8.5 

6.4 

4.0 

3.0 

2.1 

1.4 

0.8 

0.5 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Number. 


54, 691 


430 
2,982 
6,080 
7,024 
6,856 
6,719 
5,643 
4,856 
3,970 
2,661 
2,274 
1,725 
1,495 
1,003 

873 

6,178 


Per  cent 
distri- 
bution. 


100.0 


0.8 
5.5 
11.1 
12.9 
12.6 
12.3 
10.3 
8.9 
7.3 
4.9 
4.2 
3.2 
2.7 
1.8 
1.6 


As  will  be  seen  on  comparing  this  table  with  Table 
8  above,  in  the  case  of  the  insane  admitted  in  1910 
the  per  cent  distribution  according  to  age  when  first 
admitted  differs  but  little  from  that  according  to  age 
in  1910.  This  similarity  was  to  be  expected,  because 
for  about  two-thirds  of  the  total  number  the  admission 
in  1910  was  the  first  admission,  and  for  a  large  pro- 
portion of  the  others  it  is  probable  that  the  prior 
admission  did  not  greatly  antedate  the  year  1910. 

As  regards  the  insane  enumerated  as  present  in  hos- 
pitals on  January  1 ,  however,  the  distribution  accord- 
ing to  age  when  first  admitted  differs  considerably 
from  that  according  to  age  at  the  time  of  enumera- 
tion, and  naturally  so  because  many  of  them  had  been 
in  hospitals  a  considerable  length  of  time  (see  p.  59). 
Therefore  when  they  are  classified  according  to  age 
when  first  admitted  the  proportion  in  the  younger  age 
groups  is  much  larger  than  it  is  when  thej^  are  classified 
accordmg  to  present  age.  Thus  62.5  per  cent  of  the 
insane  present  in  hospitals  on  January  1  were  under 
40  years  of  age  when  first  admitted,  while  only  36  per 


AGE. 


23 


cent  of  them  were  still  under  40  at  the  time  of  the 
enumeration. 

Ratio  to  total  population. — The  following  table  gives 
for  each  age  gi'oup  the  number  of  insane  enumerated 
and  of  insane  admitted  per  100,000  of  the  general 
population  in  the  same  age  group. 


Table  10 


AGE  GROUP. 


All  ages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

SO  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

SO  years  and  over. 
Age  unknown 


Total 

population: 

1910. 


91,972,266 


499, 136 
063, 603 
056, 984 
180,003 
972, 185 
396,100 
261,587 
469, 197 
900, 791 
786,951 
267, 150 
679,503 
113,728 
667,302 
488,991 
169,055 


INSANE  IN  hospitals:   1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Number. 


187,791 


341 

2,312 

7,801 

14,083 

19,091 

22,S156 

23,321 

22, 874 

20,885 

16,383 

12,729 

9,545 

6,263 

3,596 

2,477 

3,234 


I'er 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


204.2 

1.2 
25.5 
S6. 1 
172.2 
273.8 
357.3 
443.2 
511.8 
535.4 
587.8 
561.5 
568.3 
502. 3 
539.9 
506.6 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Number. 


60,769 

327 
2,539 
5,701 
7,027 
7,295 
7,495 
6,469 
5,681 
4,877 
3,368 
2,872 
2,191 
1,776 
1,180 
1,014 

957 


Per 

100,000 

popvila- 

tion. 


6.1 


1.1 

28.0 
62.9 
85.9 
104.6 
117.2 
122.9 
127.1 
125.0 
120.8 
126.7 
130.5 
159.5 
176. 8 
207.4 


The  classification  by  five-year  ago  groups  shows  that 
the  number  of  inmates  enumerated  in  hospitals  for 
the  insane  on  January  1,  1910,  was  larger  in  each 
successive  older  group  up  to  the  age  of  45.  After 
that  the  number  falls  off  slowly  at  first  and  then  more 
rapidly.  The  ratio  of  inmates  to  total  population, 
however,  shows  an  uninterrupted  increase  up  to  the 
age  of  60,  reaching  its  maximum  in  the  age  period 
55  to  59,  in  which  period  the  number  of  inmates  per 
100,000  population  is  5S7.8.  This  means  that  at  that 
period  of  life  about  1  person  in  170  is  an  inmate  of  a 
hospital  for  the  insane.  The  ratio  declines  somewhat 
but  not  very  greatly  in  the  older  age  periods.  In  the 
population  80  years  of  age  and  over  it  is  506.6  to 
100,000,  or  1  to  197.  As  each  generation  grows  older 
the  ranks  of  the  insane  which  it  includes  are  of  course 
being  continuously  recruited  by  new  cases  of  insanity; 
on  the  other  hand,  they  are  being  depleted  by  deaths, 
and,  so  far  as  concerns  the  insane  in  hospitals,  by  dis- 
charges also.  The  death  rate,  being  much  higher  for 
the  insane  than  for  the  total  population,  is  a  factor 
which  tends  to  reduce  the  ratio  of  hospital  inmates 
to  total  population  in  the  older  age  periods;  but  as 
indicated  by  the  statistics  here  presented,  its  mflu- 
ence  up  to  a  certain  point  in  the  age  scale  is  more 
than  offset  by  the  increasing  ratio  of  admissions  repre- 
senting new  cases  of  insanity. 

The  ratio  of  admissions  to  total  population  is  given 
by  age  groups  in  the  last  column  of  Table  10,  and 
is  shown  grapliic ally  in  Diagram  3.  The  327  children 
under  15  years  of  age  who  were  admitted  to  insane 
asylums  in  1910  represent  a  ratio  of  about  1  child  to 
100,000  in    the    total    population.     In    the  next   age 


period — extendmg  from  15  to  19  years,  inclusive-  -the 
ratio  is  28  to  100,000.  It  advances  to  62.9  in  the 
age  period  20  to  24,  and  to  104.6  in  the  age  period 
30  to  34,  and  continues  to  increase  by  smaller  gra- 
dations until  it  reaches  127.1  to  100,000  in  the  age 
period  45  to  49.  In  the  next  three  age  periods,  cover- 
ing the  ages  from  50  to  64  years,  the  ratio  is  some- 
what lower.  After  that  it  increases  rather  rapidly, 
reaching  the  maximum  in  the  last  period  of  all  (80 
years  and  over) ,  being  in  that  period  207.4  to  100,000. 
As  regards  the  following  diagram,  a  word  of  explana- 
tion or  caution  may  not  be  amiss.  The  line  represents 
the  ratios  just  given.  It  indicates  not  the  actual  num- 
ber of  insane  in  each  group,  but  the  number  m  propor- 
tion to  the  total  population  of  the  same  age.  It  means 
not  that  there  are  more  insane  in  old  age  than  in 
middle  life,  but  that  there  are  more  in  p"oportion  to 
the  total  number  of  old  persons.  The  actual  number 
of  admissions  in  each  age  group  is  indicated  by 
Diagram  2  on  page  22. 

Diagram  3. — Ratio  of  Insane  Admitted  to  Hospitals  in  each 
Age  Group  per  100,000  Population  of  the  same  Age:  1910. 


UNDCM 
lb 

TO            TO            TO           TO 

Id         24         29         34 

TO              TO             TO             TO 

39         44         49         64 

69 

64 

69 

TO 
74 

TO          *NO 
79        OVCB 

330 

/ 

/ 

liBO 

/ 

ISO 

/ 

ido 

/ 

leo 

/ 

140 

/ 

149 

/ 

120 

"/^ 

^^ 

lI^ 

"0 

^ 

"^ 

■sa 

// 

r 

100 

lOO 

// 

60 

/ 

' 

so 

/ 

SO 

/ 

eo 

/ 

40 

/ 

40 

/ 

20 

/ 

30 

/ 

0 

/ 

0 

Comparing  the  figures  by  geographic  divisions  as 
presented  hi  Table  11,  it  will  be  noticed  that  mth 
advancmg  age  the  ratio  of  admissions  shows  a  sub- 
stantially similar  movement  throughout  the  United 


24 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


States — that  is  to  say,  the  ratio  increases  ratlier  rapidly 
in  early  life,  shows  little  if  any  increase  throughout  the 
period  of  middle  life,  and  advances  again  in  old  age. 
It  is  noticeable,  however,  that  in  the  southern  divi- 
sions the  check  in  the  advance  of  the  rate  comes  at 
an  earher  period  than  in  other  parts  of  the  United 
States.  Thus  in  the  South  Atlantic  division  there  is 
no  considerable  increase  in  the  .ratio  from  the  age 
of  35  up  to  that  of  60,  and  in  the  East  and  West  South 


Central  divisions  there  is  none  from  30  years  up  to  70. 
The  southern  divisions  exhibit  one  other  pecuharity: 
The  ratio  in  each  of  these  divisions  declines  in  ex- 
treme old  age.  Such  exceptions,  however,  may  not 
be  of  much  significance,  as  the  ratios  for  the  oldest 
age  groups  are  based  on  comparatively  smaU  numbers, 
and  it  is  believed  that  there  is  a  considerable  element 
of  error  in  age  returns,  particularly  as  regards  the 
colored  population  in  the  South. 


Table  11 


AGE  GBOVF. 


Total 

Under  15  years. .. 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60to64  vears 

66  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years' and  over 

Age  unknown 

Total 

Under  15  years. . 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

26  to  29  .vears 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

60  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN   1910. 


United 

states. 


60.769 


327 
2,539 
6,701 
7,027 
7,295 

7,495 
6,469 
5,681 
4.877 
3.368 

2.872 
2,191 
1,776 
1.180 
1.014 

957 


New 
England. 


66.1 


1.1 
28.0 
62.9 
85.9 
104.6 

117.2 
122.9 
127.1 
125.0 
120.8 

126.7 
130.8 
159.6 
176. 8 
207.4 


6.986 


41 
264 
620 
734 
748 

868 
776 
687 
579 
432 

340 
273 
244 
164 
146 

70 


Middle 

Atlantic. 


14,669 


51 

659 

1,446 

1,662 

1,721 

1.767 
1,665 
1,460 
1.217 
863 

663 
529 
449 
273 
247 


East 
North 
Central. 


13,191 


35 

444 

1.0.'3 

1,416 

1,536 

1,6;  3 
1,479 
1.306 
1.119 
823 

647 
530 
401 
279 
224 

246 


West 
North 
Central. 


South 
Atlantic. 


6.725 


25 
242 
643 
929 
918 

924 
800 
690 
606 
383 

383 
256 
197 
158 
146 

159 


83 
359 
779 
799 
779 

816 
618 
517 
483 
327 

317 
253 
224 
123 
93 


East 

South 

Central. 


3.685 


28 
239 
413 
470 
506 

4£0 
327 
299 
277 
178 

ISO 
102 
94 
54 
34 


West 
South 
Central. 


2,968 


44 
174 
328 
404 
418 

370 
294 
245 
189 
131 

118 
84 
66 
40 
27 

46 


Moun- 
tain. 


NUMBER  PER   100,000  POFVTLATION  OF  SAME  AGE. 


106.6 


2.3 
46.2 
100.8 
126.9 
141.9 

170.4 
177.4 
186.4 
181.6 
182.4 

172.4 
178.0 
221.7 
242.1 
276.1 


76.9 


0.9 
36.6 
74.6 
91.2 
108.0 

119.8 
126.8 
141.9 
142.3 
141.3 

136.4 
146.3 
183.0 
191.7 
242.7 


72.3 


0.6 
25.2 
69.5 
87.4 
109.6 

127.8 
131.7 
134.5 
132.0 
132.2 

130.7 
136.1 
153.7 
171.7 
191.4 


64.1 


0.7 
20.4 
55.3 
91.1 
107.2 

119.4 
122.5 
121.1 
120.9 
106.3 

133.5 
113.6 
132.7 
169.9 
221.9 


56.1 


1.8 
27.8 
65.3 
79.9 
95.5 

108.8 
107.3 
108.7 
105.6 
101.6 

114.9 
131.6 
181.9 
176.0 
171.4 


43.8 


0.9 

26.4 
60.7 
68.6 
91.1 

87.  S 
85.9 
89.8 
90.1 
81.0 

82.0 
78.9 
114.3 
112.7 
89.7 


33.8 


1.3 

18.4 
37.9 
54.6 
69.3 

68.4 
73.7 
72.6 
63.5 
61.8 

69.5 
75.3 
82.  7 
104.5 
93.3 


1.623 


13 
53 
130 
187 
198 

206 
220 
146 
139 
84 

86 
56 
33 
18 
27 


61.6 


1.6 
22.6 
4S.1 
70.0 
87.5 

103.8 
135.6 
110.1 
126.4 
117.7 

167.1 
158.2 
149.6 
142.6 
320.4 


Pacific. 


3,463 


7 
105 
289 
426 
471 

442 
390 
331 
268 
157 

169 
108 
78 
71 
70 

81 


82.e 


0.7 
29.5 
67.7 
96.3 
120.2 

128.9 
131.3 
132.2 
130.4 
113.3 

145.9 
133.0 

144.8 
215.7 
318.5 


Admissions  as  an  index  of  insanity. — Wliile  the  ratios 
of  admissions  shown  in  the  preceding  tables  have  value 
considered  as  an  index  of  the  occurrence  of  insanity  in 
the  successive  age  periods,  it  should  be  remembered  that 
they  are  not,  strictly  speaking,  insanity  rates  because 
they  are  not  based  upon  the  number  of  persons  in  the 
given  age  groups  who  actually  became  insane  in  the 
year  1910.  They  do  not  include  those  who  became 
insane  in  that  year  without  being  committed  to  asy- 
lums. Moreover,  the  persons  actually  committed  had 
been  insane  a  certain  length  of  time  before  commit- 
ment and  some  of  them  had  had  previous  attacks  of 
insanity.  In  the  great  majority  of  cases,  however, 
the  commitment  takes  place  within  a  comparatively 
short  time  after  the  attack  comes  on  (see  p.  60).  In 
64  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  cases  for  which 
information  as  to  the  duration  of  the  attack  was 
obtained  the  attack  had  lasted  less   than   one  year. 


But  on  the  other  hand  in  9  per  cent  of  the  cases  it 
has  lasted  more  than  five  years,  and  one-fourth  of 
those  admitted  had  had  previous  attacks  of  insanity. 
Possibly  on  account  of  the  lapse  of  time  between  the 
first  appearance  of  insanity  and  the  date  of  commit- 
ment, the  record  of  admissions  to  hospitals  exagger- 
ates somewhat  the  incidence  of  insanity  in  the  older 
age  groups.  But  as  against  this  tendency  there  is  the 
probabiUty,  indicated  by  statistics  presented  below, 
that  the  insanity  wluch  develops  in  old  age  is  less 
Ukely  to  result  in  commitments  than  that  which 
occurs  in  earher  Ufe. 

As  it  is  hardly  possible  by  means  of  a  census  to 
ascertain  the  actual  number  of  persons  who  become 
insane  in  any  given  year,  the  ratio  of  admissions 
probably  furnishes,  after  all,  the  best  available  index 
of  the  incidence  of  insanity.  It  is  a  ratio  which  is 
constantly  made  use  of  in  tliis  report  for  purposes 


IMMIGRANTS. 


25 


of  comparison  between  different  classes  of  the  gen- 
eral population.  It  indicates,  at  any  rate,  the  ex- 
tent to  which  the  several  classes  compared  are  con- 
tributing to  the  population  of  hospitals  for  the  insane ; 
and  doubtless  reflects,  although  more  or  less  imper- 
fectly, variations  in  the  actual  prevalence  of  insanity. 
Within  the  same  community  any  class  which  has  in 
proportion  to  its  numbers  more  cases  of  insanity  than 
another  class  may  be  presumed  to  contribute  propor- 
tionately more  inmates  to  the  hospitals.  But  as  be- 
tween different  sections  of  the  United  States,  as  already 
remarked,  there  is  probably  a  considerable  variation 
in  the  extent  to  which  the  insane  are  cared  for  in  insti- 
tutions, and,  in  general,  the  possibihty  of  a  variation 
in  tliis  respect  is  a  factor  which  must  constantly  be 
borne  in  mind. 

Proportion  of  insane  in  hospitals. — The  following 
table,  based  upon  the  census  of  1890,  shows  for  each 
age  group  what  percentage  of  the  total  number  of 
insane  enumerated  at  that  census  were  found  in  hos- 
pitals. For  reasons  already  given  no  similar  com- 
parison can  be  made  for  a  later  date.  The  percentage 
in  hospitals  is  considerably  smaller  in  old  age  than  it  is 
in  early  and  middle  hfe.  Possibly  tlus  is  because  the 
insanity  wliich  develops  in  old  age  is  less  likely  to  be 
of  a  type  requiring  confinement  or  restraint,  or  is  less 


likely  to  be  curable  by  treatment,  and  hence  is  less 
likely  to  be  the  cause  for  admission  to  a  hospital. 


Table  12 


AGE  GROtJP. 


Total 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  60  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  "and  over 
Age  unknown... 


rasAjjE:  1890. 


Number. 


106,485 


311 

1,691 
5,131 
8,863 
12,386 
12,857 
12,879 
12,207 
10,719 
7,931 
6,641 
4,708 
3,502 
2,055 
2,005 
2,599 


Percent 

distri- 
bution. 


100.0 


0.3 

1.6 

4.8 

8.3 

11.6 

12.1 

12.1 

11.5 

10.1 

7.4 

6.2 

4.4 

3.3 

1.9 

1.9 

2.4 


In  hospitals. 


Number. 


74,028 


51 
932 
3,6S9 
6,848 
9,750 
9,975 
9,773 
8,949 
7,439 
5,339 
4,081 
2,599 
1,722 
788 
563 
1,530 


Per  cent 
distri- 
bution. 


100.0 


0.1 

1.3 

5.0 

9.3 

13.2 

13.5 

13.2 

12.1 

10.0 

7.2 

5.5 

3.5 

2.3 

1.1 

0.8 

2.1 


Percent 
in  hospi- 
tals. 


16.4 
55.1 
71.9 
77.3 
7S.7 
77.6 
75.9 
73.3 
69.4 
67.3 
61.5 
55.2 
49.2 
38.3 
28.1 
58.9 


RACE    AND    NATIVITY. 

In  the  following  table  the  insane  in  hospitals  and 
also  the  total  population  are  distributed  by  race  and 
nativity.  The  table  gives  also  the  ratio  of  the  num- 
ber of  insane  to  the  total  population  in  each  race  and 
nativity  class. 


Table  13 

Total 

population: 

1910. 

IN3.4NE  IN  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

PER  CENT  DISTRIBUTION. 

RACE  AND  NATrv-ITY. 

Enumerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the 
year. 

Total 
popula- 
tion: 
1910. 

Insane  in  hospitals: 
1910. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 
population. 

Enumer- 
ated Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during  the 

year. 

Total 

91,972,266 

187,791 

204.2 

60,769 

66.1 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

White 

81,731,957 

174,224  !                213.2 

56,182 

68.7 

88.9 

92.8 

92.5 

Native             

68,386,412 
13,345,545 

115,402 

54,096 

4,726 

12,910 
166 
491 

16S.7 
405.3 

39,629 
15,523 
1,030 

4,384 
51 
152 

57.9 
116.3 

74.4 
14.5 

61.5 

28.8 
2.5 

6.9 
0.1 
0.3 

63.2 

25.  S 

1.7 

Negro            

9,827,763 
265,683 
146,863 

131.4 
62.5 
334.3 

44.6 

19.2 

103.5 

10.7 
0.3 
0.2 

7.2 

0.1 

0.3 

The  187,791  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  Jan- 
uary 1,  1910,  included  115,402  native  wliites,  .54,096 
foreign-born  whites,  12,910  negi'oes,  166  Indiaas,  and 
491  persons  of  "other  colored"  races,  mostly,  if  not 
entirely  Chinese  and  Japanese.  The  60,769  insane 
admitted  during  the  year  1910  included  39,629  native 
whites,  15,52.3  foreign-born  whites,  4,384  negroes,  51 
Indians,  and  152  "other  colored"  pei^sons.  As  indi- 
cated by  the  ratios  in  the  above  table  showing  the 
number  of  insane  of  each  class  to  100,000  population 
of  the  same  class  the  foreign-born  white  in  proportion 
to  their  numbej-s  contributed  more  inmates  to  hospitals 
for  the  insane  than  any  of  the  other  classc^s.  The  class 
ranking  next  to  them  is  the  ' '  other  colored, ' '  or  Chinese 
and  Japanese,  who  are  also  mostly  immigrants.  The 
class  having  the  smallest  ratio  is  the  Indiim.  The  ratio 
for  the  negro  is  smaller  than  that  for  tht^  total  white  and 
also  smaller  than  that  for  the  native  white  alone. 


The  difference  here  noted  between  the  whites  and 
the  negroes  and  between  the  native  whites  and  the 
foreign-born  whites  as  regards  their  representation  in 
institutions  for  the  insane  forms  the  subject  of  discus- 
sion in  the  text  which  immediately  follows. 

INSANITY    .A^MONG    IMMIGRANTS. 

Of  the  total  number  of  inmates  of  insane  asylums  on 
January  1,  1910,  28.8  per  cent  were  whites  of  foreign, 
birth,  and  of  the  persons  admitted  to  such  institutions 
during  the  year  1910,  25.5  per  cent  were  of  this  class. 
Of  the  total  population  of  the  United  States  in  1910 
the  foreign-born  whites  constituted  14.5  per  cent.  It 
is  evident,  then,  that  the  foreign  born  have  an  unduly 
large  representation  in  insane  asylums.  There  were, 
in  fact,  405.3  foreign-born  whites  in  insane  asylums  to 
each  100,000  in  the  total  population,  while  for  the  na- 
tive whites  the  ratio  was  168.7  to  100,000;  the  number 
of  admissions  during  the  year  was  116.3  per  100,000  in 


26 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


the  case  of  the  foreign-born  whites,  as  compared  with 
57.9  in  the  case  of  the  native  whites. 

Age  periods. — These  ratios,  however,  if  regarded  as 
an  index  of  the  tendency  to  insanity  among  immi- 
grants as  compared  with  the  native  population  are 
misleading,  for  the  reason  that  the  difference  between 
the  two  classes  is  largely  accounted  for  by  the 
mere  fact  that  the  native  population  includes  large 
numbers  of  children,  while  the  foreign  bom  com- 
prises comparatively  few,  most  immigrants  being 
past  the  period  of  childhood  when  they  arrive  in 
the  United  States.  Of  the  native  white  popula- 
tion of  the  United  States  36.5  per  cent  were  under  15 
years  of  age,  while  of  the  foreign-born  white  popula- 
tion only  5.7  per  cent  were  below  that  age.  As  indi- 
cated by  the  age  statistics  previously  considered,  in- 
sanity is  a  defect  which,  as  a  rule,  makes  its  appearance 
only  in  adult  years.  Therefore  this  difference  in  age 
is  bound  to  have  a  marked  effect  upon  the  relative 
number  of  insane  in  the  two  classes,  and,  other  things 
being  equal,  would  of  itseK  make  the  percentage  of 
insane  much  higher  for  the  foreign-bom  white  popula- 
tion than  for  the  native.  Table  14  makes  a  compari- 
son by  age  periods  showing  what  proportion  of  the 
foreign-born  white  and  of  the  native  white  in  each 
age  group  were  admitted  to  insane  asylums  in  the  year 
1910. 


Table  14 


AUages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years.... 
45  to  49  years.... 
60  to  54  years.... 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 
Age  unknown. . . 


NATrvE  TirmTE:  1910. 


Total 
number. 


68,386,412 


957,149 
294,630 
556,030 
594,440 
761,561 
323,752 
476, 797 
914,702 
630,258 
870, 686 
441,740 
061,557 
693,917 
412,780 
288,400 
108,013 


.A^dmitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane. 


Num- 
ber. 


39,629 


256 
1,871 
3,966 
4,749 
4,841 
4,999 
4,201 
3,656 
3,197 
2,178 
1,728 
1,282 
1,009 
694 
570 
432 


Per 
100,000 


57.9 


1.0 
25.6 
60.5 
84.9 
101.7 
115.6 
120.8 
125.4 
121.5 
116.4 
119.9 
120.8 
145.4 
168.1 
197.6 


roREiGN-BOBN  white:  1910. 


Total 
number. 


13,345,545 


759,348 

673,  761 

1,430,381 

1,662,696 

1,505,715 

1,408,093 

1,303,475 

1,146,360 

925,055 

693,520 

627, 583 

488,397 

336,967 

208,212 

149,773 

26,211 


-Admitted  to 
hospitals  lor 
the  Insane. 


Num- 
ber. 


15,523 


10 

320 

1,074 

1,568 

1,777 

1,848 

1,755 

1,605 

1,341 

982 

928 

765 

610 

407 

370 

163 


Per 
100,000 


116.3 


1.3 
47.5 
75.1 
94.3 
118.0 
131.2 
134.6 
140.0 
145.0 
141.6 
147.9 
156.6 
181.0 
195.5 
264.7 


The  above  table  indicates  that  the  high  ratio  for  the 
foreign-bom  white  as  compared  with  the  native  white 
is  not  entirely  due  to  the  difference  between  the  two 
classes  as  regards  age,  for  in  each  separate  age  group 
the  ratio  is  appreciably  higher  for  the  former  than  for 
the  latter.  The  contrast  is,  however,  less  striking  for 
the  individual  age  groups  than  it  is  for  the  total  popu- 
lation. For  all  ages  combined  the  ratio  for  the  foreign 
bom  is  twice  as  large  as  it  is  for  the  native;  but  there 
is  no  such  disproportion  between  the  ratios  in  any  one 
of  the  age  groups. 

The  ratios  given  in  Table  14  are  shown  graphically  in 
Diagram  4.     (See  also  Diagram  6,  p.  3S.) 


Diagram  4. — Ratio  of  Native  Whites  and  of  Foreign-born 
Whites  Admitted  to  Hospitals  for  the  Ins.\ne  in  1910 
PER  100,000  Population  of  the  same  Color.  N.^tivity,  .iNo 
Age. 

TEARS 
15   ^    25    30    35    40    4S    &0    53    60    65    70    75    80 

UNDER   TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO     TO    ANO 


O  160 


240 

/ 

/ 

/ 

1 
1 

leo 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

IM 

/ 

1 
1 

1      ^ 

/' 

/ 

1 

1 

j-' 

BOSS 

[■llj> 

1 
1 

t, 

°# 

u"-''^ 

.5;^^ 

■-^ 

1 

' 

I3* 

/ 

/ 

^-' 

■-^ 

"'^ 

/ 

/ 
/ 

100 

/ 

1  / 

/ 

/, 

1 

BO 

'/ 

/ 

60 

/ 
/  / 

/    / 

/ 
/ 

40 

/ 

/ 
/ 

/, 

20 

// 

/' 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  insane  admitted  to  hos- 
pitals are,  with  few  exceptions,  all  of  adult  age,  a  ratio 
based  on  the  number  of  adults  in  the  total  population 
is  perhaps  a  fairer  basis  of  comparison  than  a  ratio 
based  upon  the  total  population.  Of  course,  the  effect 
of  thus  changing  the  base  is  to  increase  the  ratio,  and 
if  the  proportion  of  children  was  the  same  in  each  class 
the  ratio  would  be  increased  to  the  same  extent.  As, 
however,  there  are  comparatively  few  children  among 
the  foreign  born,  the  ratio  for  that  class  is  increased  to 
a  less  degree  than  the  ratio  for  the  native  white,  and 
the  former  ratio  being  the  higher  of  the  two  the  differ- 
ence between  them  is  reduced.  In  the  case  of  the  ad- 
missions the  ratio  per  100,000  for  the  foreign-born 
white  advances  from  116.3,  as  based  upon  total  pop- 
ulation, to  123.3,  as  based  upon  the  total  number  of 
adults,  while  the  ratio  per  100,000  for  the  native  white 
advances  from  57.9  to  91.2. 


IMMIGRANTS. 


27 


Table  15 

msANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during 
the  year. 

EACE  AND  N.VTrVTTY. 

Number 

per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number 

per 
100,000 
adults.' 

Number 

per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number 

per 
100,000 
adults.' 

Total 

204.2 

300.6 

66.1 

97.3 

White 

213.2 

311.0 

68. 7           100. 3 

Native 

168.7 
406.3 

131.4 
159.3 

265.7 
429.8 

209.5 
222.7 

57.9 
116.3 

44.6 
49.2 

91.2 

123.3 

Negro 

71.1 

68.8 

'  Ratio  is  based  upon  the  number  of  persons  of  the  same  nativity  15  years  of 
age  and  over  in  tue  total  papulation. 

Influence  ofihe  age  factor. — The  extent  to  which  the 
difference  in  age  accounts  for  the  difference  between 
the  two  classes  as  regards  the  relative  numbers  com- 
mitted to  insane  asylums  may,  however,  be  more  ac- 
curately determined  by  redistributing  the  foreign  bom 
by  age  groups  on  the  basis  of  the  age  distribution  of 
the  native  white  and  then  applying  to  each  age  group 
the  ratio  for  the  foreign  born  in  that  group  as  based 
on  the  actual  returns.  For  example,  the  age  group  45 
to  49  years  included  1,146,360  foreign-born  whites  in 
1910,  of  whom  1,605  were  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  during  the  year,  making  the  ratio  of  admissions 
for  this  age  group  140  per  100,000.  If,  however,  the 
foreign  boni  had  the  same  age  distribution  as  the  native 
the  total  number  in  this  age  group  would  be  approxi- 
mately 574,040,  and,  the  ratio  of  admissions  remaining 
the  same,  the  numl)er  admitted  from  that  age  group 
would  have  been  804.  This  readjustment  would  re- 
duce the  figure  for  the  total  number  of  foreign  born  ad- 
mitted to  insane  asylums  to  approximately  9,343, 
while  the  actual  number  of  admissions  was  15.523;' 
that  is  to  say,  the  number  of  foreign  born  admitted 
was  about  6,000,  or  50  per  cent,  greater  than  it  would 
have  been  if  this  class  of  population  had  the  same  age 
distribution  as  the  native  white.  The  ratio  of  admis- 
sions per  100,000  for  the  foreign-born  white  declines 
from  116.3  to  70  as  the  result  of  this  age  readjustment. 
A  comjiarison  of  this  result  with  the  ratio  of  57.9  for 
the  native  white  gives  an  indication  of  the  extent  to 
which  the  difference  between  the  native  white  and  the 
foreign-born  white  is  due  to  the  age  difference. 

Other  points  of  difference. — While  the  age  difference 
probably  goes  further  than  any  other  factor  toward 
explaining  the  contrast  between  the  native  white  and 
the  foreign-born  white  in  respect  to  the  proportionate 
numbers  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane,  there  arc 
of  course  many  other  points  of  difference  which  affect 
the  comparison,  and  for  some  of  which  an  adjustment 
might  be  made  similar  to  that  here  made  for  age. 
There  is,  for  instance,  the  difference  in  sex  distribu- 
tion. There  are  relatively  more  males  in  the  foreign- 
born  white  population  than  in  the  native  white,  a 
ratio  of  129.9  males  to  100  females  for  the  former  as 


compared  with  a  ratio  of  102.7  to  100  for  the  latter. 
Statistics  of  the  insane  by  sex  are  presented  in  another 
[portion  of  this  report.  Then  again  there  are  differ- 
ences in  the  geographic  distribution  of  the  two  cltisses 
and  in  their  degree  of  concentration  in  cities.  These 
are  factors  which  doubtless  have  a  considerable  effect 
upon  the  statistics  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole. 
On  the  foUowiug  pages  statistics  are  presented  by 
states  and  geographic  divisions;  and  in  another  sec- 
tion of  this  report  the  distinction  is  made  between 
city  and  country.  But  of  course  it  is  not  possible  to 
carry  this  statistical  analysis  to  a  degree  of  refinement 
which  will  determine  to  what  extent  the  difference 
between  the  two  classes  as  regards  insanity  is  due 
simply  to  the  fact  that  the  one  class  is  of  foreign  birth 
and  origin  and  the  other  native.  For  instance,  the 
change  of  environment  which  the  immigrants  expe- 
rience on  coming  to  the  United  States  must  have  an 
important  influence.  Without  doubt  the  strain  to 
which  they  are  subjected  in  the  effort  to  adjust  them- 
selves to  new  physical,  economic,  and  social  conditions 
in  a  strange  land  tends  to  increase  insanity,  but  the 
influence  of  this  factor  can  not  be  segi-egated  or  meas- 
ured on  the  basis  of  available  statistics. 

One  other  circumstance  which  may  have  some  in- 
fluence upon  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for 
the  insane  in  the  case  of  the  foreign  born  should  not 
be  overlooked  and  may  as  well  be  mentioned  in  this 
connection.  Under  the  present  immigration  laws  the 
insane  among  immigrants  are  debarred  from  entering 
the  United  States,  oi-,  when  the  insanity  develops 
within  a  limited  period  after  entrance,  are  deported. 

'  The  steps  in  this  process  are  shown  by  the  following  table. 
The  numbers  in  column  6,  except  the  total,  are  obtained  by 
applying  the  ratios  in  column  4  to  the  numbers  in  column  3. 
The  result  gives  the  number  of  foreign-born  whites  that  would 
have  been  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  each  age  group 
if  the  foreign-born  white  population  had  the  same  age  distril)ution 
as  the  native  white. 


Per 
cent 

distri- 
bution 
of  na- 
tive 
while 
popu- 
lation. 

FOEEIGN-BOKN  WHITE 
POPULATION. 

FOREIGN-BORN       WHITE 
INSANE    ADMITTED  TO 
HOSPITALS. 

AGE  aROUP. 

Actual  age 
distribu- 
tion. 

Redistrib- 
uted on 
basis  of 

distribu- 
tion of 
native 
white. 

Actual 
ratio 
of  ad- 
mis- 
sions. 

Actual 
num- 
ber. 

Hypo- 
thet- 
ical 
num- 
ber. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

8 

Total 

100.0 

30.5 
10.7 
9.6 
8.2 
7.0 
6.3 
5.1 
4.3 
3.8 
2.7 
2.1 
1.5 

13,345,545 

13,350,000 

116.3 

15,523 

9,343 

769,346 

673,  761 

1,430,381 

1,662,696 

1,505,715 

1,408,093 

1.303,475 

1,146,360 

925,055 

693,520 

627,583 

488,397 

336,967 

208,212 

149,773 

26,211 

4, 872, 760 
1,428,460 
1,281,600 
1,094,700 
934,500 
841,060 
680,850 
574,050 
607,300 
360,450 
280, 350 
200,250 
133,500 
80,100 
63,400 
26,  700 

1.3 

47.5 
75.1 
94.3 
118.0 
131.2 
134.0 
140.0 
145.0 
141.6 
147.9 
156.6 
181.0 
195.6 
264.7 
621.9 

10 

320 

1,074 

l,5f8. 

1,777 

1,848 

1,756 

1,605 

1,341 

982 

928 

765 

610 

407 

370 

163 

63 

15  to  19  vcars         . 

679 

962 

25  to  2J  years       .     

1  032 

1   103 

35  to  39  vears 

1   103 

916 

45  to  49  years 

804 

736 

55  to  59  years            

510 

415 

65  to  r,9  years      

314 

1.0 
0.6 
0.4 
0.2 

242 

75  to  79  years 

157 

80  years  and  over 

141 

166 

28 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Thus  it  might  be  said  that  as  regai'ds  insanity  the 
foreign  bom  remaining  in  the  United  States  are  to  a 
certain  extent  a  selected  class,  and  that  so  far  as  the 
influence  of  this  one  factor  goes,  there  should  be  less 
insanity  among  them  than  among  the  native  popula- 
tion. That  this  factor,  however,  has  had  as  yet  very 
little  effect  in  reducing  the  number  of  foreign-born  in- 
sane committed  to  institutions  is  indicated  by  statistics 
presented  later  in  this  report  (see  p.  33). 

Comparison  ivith  other  classes. — Statistics  comparing 
the  foreign-born  white  \vith  the  native  white  of  native 
parentage,  the  native  white  of  foi'eign  or  mixed  parent- 
age, and  the  negroes  are  presented  on  pages  36  to  40 
of  this  report. 

Geographic  divisions. — The  following  table  gives,  by 
geographic  divisions,  the  number  of  native  and  foreign- 
bom  whites  enumerated  in  hospitals  for  the  insane  on 
January  1,  1910,  and  the  number  admitted  to  such 
hospitals  during  the  year,  with  the  ratios  per  100,000 
white  population  of  the  same  nativity,  and  the  number 
per  100,000  adults. 


Table  16 


United  States.. 


New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central . . 
West  North  Central., 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central. . 
West  South  Central. . 

Mountain 

Pacific 


INSAXE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Native 
white. 


Foreign- 
born 
white. 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Native 
while. 


P'oreign- 

born 
white. 


TOTAL  NITHBER. 


115,402 


12, 386 
30, 190 
25,992 
14,304 
12,804 
6,897 
6,827 
1,905 
5,097 


54,096 


6,639 
19, 872 
12, 151 
7,133 
1,475 
282 
720 
1,422 
4,402 


39,629 


15,523 


4,369 
8,687  ! 
9,203  ! 
5,070 
4,417 
2,637  I 
2,321 
1,006 
1,919 


2, 438 

5.433 

3,365 

1,790 

352 

85 

230 

515 

1,315 


XUMBER  PER   100,000  WHITE  POPULATION 
OF  THE  SAME  NATIVITY. 

United  States 

168.7 

405.3 

57.9 

116  3 

New  England    . .  . 

265.4 
214.8 
174.9 
146.9 
164.6 
121.7 
91.4 
91.4 
161.2 

365.9 
411.8 
396.2 
442.2 
507.6 
324.7 
206.4 
325.5 
511.0 

93.6 
61.8 
61.9 
52.1 
56.8 
46.5 
36.4 
48.3 
60.7 

134  4 

Middle  Atlantic 

11'  6 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

111  0 

South  Atlantic 

West  South  Central..  .          .... 

65  9 

Pacific 

152  6 

NUU 

BER  PER  m 

),000  ADUL 

IS.t 

United  States 

265.7 

429.8 

91.2 

123.3 

New  England 

411.1 
340.0 
268.1 
232.0 
263.2 
198.0 
153.4 
144.0 
231.0 

389.8 
441.2 
416.1 
460.1 
542.0 
339.4 
228.3 
344.3 
533.9 

145.0 

97.8 
94.9 
82,2 
90.8 
75.7 
61.1 
76.0 
87.0 

143  2 

Middle  Atlantic 

120  6 

West  North  Central    

115  4 

South  Atlantic 

129.  4 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

102,3 
72.9 

124.7 

Pacific 

159  5 

I  Ratio  is  based  upon  the  number  of  white  persons  ofthesamenativity  15  years 
ol age  and  over  in  the  total  population. 


In  every  geographic  division  the  ratio  of  admis- 
sions to  total  population  is  much  higher  for  the 
foreign-born  white  thaai  for  the  native  white.  The 
contrast  is  least  marked  in  New  England.  In  that 
division  the  ratios  are  exceptionally  high  for  both 
classes,  but  the  ratio  for  the  foreign-born  white  is  not 
so  far  above  the  average  for  the  United  States  as  is 
the  ratio  for  the  native  white.  In  fact,  when  the 
ratios  are  based  upon  the  adult  population  the  ratio 
for  the  native  white  in  New  England  is  slightly  higher 
than  that  for  the  foreign-born.  A  comparison  of  the 
ratios  for  the  number  of  insane  enumerated  shows  a 
similar  relationship;  in  every  division  the  ratio  is  much 
higher  for  the  foreign  born  than  the  native,  but  in 
New  England,  again,  the  difference  is  not  so  marked 
as  elsewhere,  and  the  relative  position  of  the  two 
classes  is  reversed  when  the  ratio  is  based  upon  the 
adult  population. 

A  comparison,  by  age  groups,  of  the  ratios  for  the 
native  and  foreign-born  white  in  the  several  geographic 
divisions  (see  Table  17)  reveals  a  further  peculiarity  of 
the  conditions  in  New  England.  In  that  division  the 
ratio  of  admissions  for  the  native  white  is  higher  than 
that  for  the  foreign-born  white  in  every  age  group 
below  the  age  of  55,  while  in  each  age  group  above 
55  the  higher  ratio  is  invariably  that  for  the  foreign- 
born  white.  In  none  of  the  other  divisions  is  there 
any  similar  contrast  between  the  age  groups  below 
and  above  55,  nor,  in  fact,  is  there  any  poLat  in  the 
age  scale  at  which  the  position  of  the  ratios  is  reversed 
as  it  is  m  New  England.  On  the  contrary,  the  ratio 
outside  New  England  is,  with  few  exceptions,  higher 
for  the  foreign  born  than  for  the  native  in  every  age 
group,  the  exceptions  occurring  mostly  in  southern 
divisions,  where,  on  account  of  the  very  small  repre- 
sentation of  foreign  born,  the  comparison  is  not  of 
much  significance. 

It  may  be  noted,  however,  that  in  the  Middle 
Atlantic  division,  which  resembles  New  England  in 
the  composition  of  its  population  and  in  industrial 
and  social  conditions,  the  contrast  between  the 
foreign-born  white  and  the  native  as  regards  the  ratio 
of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  is  less  striking 
below  the  age  of  55  than  it  is  above  that  age.  It  is 
possible  that  the  explanation  of  this  fact  is  to  be 
found  in  the  difference  between  the  older  and  the 
younger  foreign-born  population  as  regards  racial 
composition.  No  doubt  the  newer  immigration  com- 
ing principally  from  the  countries  of  southern  and 
eastern  Europe  is  represented  more  largely  in  the 
immigrant  population  under  55  years  of  age  than  in 
that  above  that  age.  Statistics  showing  the  contrast 
between  the  different  foreign  nationalities  in  this  coun- 
try as  regards  their  representation  in  hospitals  for  the 
insane  are  presented  and  discussed  on  pages  31  and  32. 


IMMIGRANTS. 


29 


Table  17 

NTMBEE  OF  INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910    PER  100,000  POPULATION  OF  TUE    SAME  AGE,  RACE, 

AND  NATIVITY. 

AGE  GROUP. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
born 
white. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
born 
white. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
bom 
white. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
born 
white. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
born 
white. 

UNITED 

STATES. 

NEW  ENGLAND. 

MIDDLE   ATLANTIC. 

EAST  NORTH 
CENTRAL. 

WEST  NORTH 
CENTRAL. 

.\11  ages' 

57.9 

116.3 

93.6 

134.4 

61.8 

112.6 

61.9 

109.7 

52.1 

111.0 

1.0 

25.6 
60.5 
84.9 
101.7 

115.6 
120.8 
125.4 
121.  S 
116.4 

119.9 
120.8 
145.4 
168.1 
197.6 

1.3 

47.5 
75.1 
94.3 
118.0 

131.  2 
134.6 
140.0 
145.0 
141.6 

147.9 
156.6 
181.0 
195.5 
264.7 

2.2 

44.8 
103.4 
130.4 
147.7 

178.8 
190.8 
191.5 
ISl.  5 
179.6 

154.2 
101.8 
197. 1 
215.  0 
243.9 

1.8 
43.8 
87. 1 
105.7 
l.iO.3 

156.7 
166.9 
175.2 
173.6 
184.  2 

197.6 
199.5 
258.8 
287.9 
356.8 

0.8 
31.4 

6.S.5 
89.1 
102.7 

117.4 
128.3 
139.5 
138.9 
128.0 

122.8 
117.3 
149.7 
156.5 
198.0 

2.2 
55.2 
81.6 
91.4 
114.4 

120.9 
121.7 

142.1 
147.4 
167.7 

148.4 
192.4 
233.9 
251.0 

312.7 

0.6 
23.3 
57.9 
87.7 
106.4 

125.8 
126.8 
133.4 
129.2 
131.2 

122.2 
130.3 
151.5 
165.2 
168.4 

0.7 
42.2 
60.9 
75.7 
110.8 

125.9 
136.9 
128.2 
130.9 
123.0 

136.6 
140.2 
139.9 
166.7 
202.9 

0.6 
19.4 
51.9 
83.3 
99.8 

108.2 
111.9 
112.9 
110.3 
94.5 

123.9 
105.1 
132.0 
189.9 
240.4 

19.4 

61.2 

104.4 

114.7 

129.3 

129.0 

119.5 

128.5 

116.8 

60  to  64  vears                   

131.5 

119.2 

122.2 

126.9 

171.1 

SOUTH  ATLANTIC. 

EAST  SOUTH 
CENTRAL. 

1 

WEST  SOUTH 
CENTRAL. 

MOUNTAIN. 

PAQFIC. 

56.8 

121.1 

46.5 

97.9 

36.4 

65.9 

48.3 

117.9 

60.7 

152.6 

1.8 
25.5 
61.9 
81.8 
90.3 

115.6 
111.6 
112.2 

111.8 
lOi.  0 

120.1 
136.9 
159.9 
173.4 
194.2 

1           0.8 
22.9 
58.6 
71.5 
96.2 

97.5 
93.5 
98.8 
100.8 
96.1 

93.8 
88.5 
100.5 
126.6 
96.6 

1.7 

20.0 
40.8 
60.7 
77.3 

76.4 
81.6 
84.3 
68.  7 
72.4 

S4.1 
82.8 
93.1 
137.8 
114.7 

1.4 
22.5 
43.3 
62.4 
83.8 

87.7 
118.7 

99.3 
108.9 
105.8 

133. 1 
164.9 
117.7 
153.6 
285.0 

0.5 
25.0 
61.5 
78.0 
101.2 

112.9 
110.4 
112.7 
98. 0 
90.5 

122.6 
102.0 
131.0 
161.1 
332.2 

5S.6 
60.9 
91.5 
114.7 

108.2 
138.7 
159.4 
177.3 
145.4 

122.0 
162  3 
279.1 
207.6 
208.2 

104.1 
144.2 
178.3 
54.9 

63.8 
79.4 
138.4 
67.2 
31.6 

97.0 
65.3 

217.9 
70.2 

199.4 

20.3 
39.0 
46.3 
66.3 

95.5 
84.1 
88.9 
96.3 
60.1 

71.0 
82.2 

122.6 
68.6 

19S.4 

17.8 
58.9 
93.0 
99.8 

147.9 
172.0 
127.7 
147.4 
136.9 

200.2 
145.5 
224.4 
149.0 
420.4 

76.4 

87.3 

142.5 

172  5 

170.7 

40  to  44  years                         

160.4 

165.5 

50  to  54  years    .                

190.3 

143.8 

179.1 

65  to  69  years  . .        

168.5 

156.9 

292.7 

312.5 

1  Includes  age  unknown. 


30 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


States. — Table  18  gives  for  the  United  States,  and 
by  geographic  divisions  and  states,  the  number  of  na- 
tive, white  and  foreign-born  white  enumerated  iu  hos- 
pitals on  Januarj^  1, 1910,  and  the  number  of  each  class 


admitted  during  1910,  with  the  ratios  per  100,000 
population  and  per  100,000  adults,  and  also  the  per- 
centage of  foreign-born  white  among  the  insane  and 
in  the  general  population. 


Table  18 


DIVISION  AND  STATE. 


United  States. 


Geographic  omsioNs: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central.. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  So  ith  Central. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 


New  England: 

Maine 

Nev/  Hampshire. 

Vermont 

Massachusetts — 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 


INSANK  IN   HOSPITAL.^:  1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Native 
white. 


n5,402 


12,386 

30, 190 

25,992 

14,304 

12,80 

6,897 

5,827 

1,905 

5,097 


Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania . . 


1,072 
642 
791 

6,831 
772 

2,278 


16,701 
3,542 

9,947 


Foreign 
bom 
white. 


54,096 


6,639 

19,872 

12, 151 

7,133 

1,475 

2S2 

720 

1,422 

4,402 


East  North  Central: 

Ohio 8,142 

Indiana 3,601 

niinois I  6,991 

Michigan I  3,862 

Wisconsin !  3,396 


West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 


1,923 
3,840 
4,550 
190 
421 
1,145 
2,235 


126 
236 
176 

4,461 

431 

1,209 


13,4S1 

2,165 
4,228 


1,893 
567 
4,103 
2.493 
3,095 


2,723 
1,320 
1,060 
407 
365 
732 
324 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Native 
white. 


SocTH  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia. 

Virginia 

West  V  irginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 


East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 


West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 


Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico.. 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 


Pacific: 

Washington.. 

Oregon 

Caiilornla 


4,369 
8,6.87 
9,203 
5,070 
4,417 
2,637 
2,321 
1,006 
1,919 


I 


264 

66 

2,300 

476 

1,565 

668 

2,217 

70 

1,302 

103 

1,816 

9 

885 

5 

2,122 

31 

333 

47 

2,786 

151 

1,679 

48 

1,320 

46 

1,112 

37 

903 

33 

1,131 

130 

832 

78 

2,961 

479 

285 

361 

226 

150 

86 

65 

706 

3S5 

170 

33 

157 

162 

183 

135 

92 

111 

1,005 

914. 

871 

591 

3,221 

2,897 

418 
237 
230 
2,409 
320 


4,672 
1,026 
2,989 


2,601 
1,077 
2,580 
1,321 
1,624 


671 
1,203 
1,961 
89 
124 
292 
730 


79 
9S1 
357 
739 


Foreign- 
born 
white. 


15,523 


2,438 

5,433 

3,365 

1,790 

352 

85 

230 

515 

1,315 


Per  100,000  white  population  of  the 
same  nativity. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


Native 
white. 


168.7 


Foreign- 
bom 
white. 


405.3 


265.4 
214.8 
174.9 
146.9 
164.6 
121.7 
91.4 
91.4 
161.2 


82 
36 
,714 
160 
371 


3,638 

529  ! 
1,266  I 


574 
116 
1,190 
591 
894 


681 
271 
436 
124 
72 
102 
104 


365.9 
411.8 
396.2 
442.2 
507.6 
324.7 
206.4 
325.5 
511.0 


Admitted  during 
the  vear. 


Native 
white. 


Foreign- 
born 
white. 


116.3 


Per  100,000  adults.' 


Enumerated  on 
.Ian.  1. 


Native 
white. 


Foreign- 
bom 
white. 


429.8 


93.6 
61.8 
61.9 
52.1 
56.8 
46.3 
36.4 
48.3 
60.7 


411 

27  ■; 

670 

8  \ 

315 

1 

701'' 

13  , 

144 

21  i 

1,005 

i 
45  j 

658 

14 

566 

18 

408 

8 

216 

6 

314 

38 

612 

37 

149  '\ 

1,179 

138 

124  1 

123 

74 

24 

15 

484 

187 

66 

13  :< 

66 

59 :! 

73 

29  : 

32 

14 

448 

395 

353 

199 

1,118 

721 

170.2 
192.6 
259.8 
300.4 
217.8 
293.8 


267.7 
198.1 
165.0 


200.7 
145.2 
161.7 

176.4 
187.8 


126.8 

iyit.4 

156.6 
45.9 
90.9 
114.0 
149.1 


171.8 
240.0 
739.0 
162.6 
118.4 
121.5 
131.5 
149.8 
81.3 


140.1 
99.2 
109.1 
143.2 


81.1 
127.2 
59.2 
99.9 


106.0  I 
81.1 
76.0 

107.5 
60.3 

126.0  ; 
60.4 

163.5 


113.8 
157.8 
1S4.9 


114.4 
244.4 
353.0 
424.4 
242.1 
367.7 


493.9 
328.9 
293.7 


317.0 
355.9 
341.2 

418.6 
603.8 


501.8 
482.7 
463.1 
260.6 
362.7 
416.2 
387. 6 


378.9 
456.9 
:,743.2 
262. 9 
180.5 
151.5 
82.6 
205.7 
138. 9 


377.0 
260.0 
242.7 
394.1 


195.2 
251.1 
194.6 
199.6 


393.9 
371.0 
239.7 
303.5 
X45.  7 
346.0 
244.3 
616.7 


378.9 
573.8 
560.1 


66.4 
71.1 
75.5 
10.5.9 
90.3 
98.0 


74.9 
57.4 
49.6 


64.1 
43.3 
59.7 
60.3 


44.3 

62.1 
67.5 
21.5 
26.8 
29.1 


51.4 
102.4 
168.6 
55.7 
37.4 
44.8 
46.8 
49.5 
35.1 


134.4 
112.6 
109.7 
111.0 
121.1 
97.9 
65.9 
117.9 
152.6 


68.1 
Si.  9 
72.2 

163.1  i 
89.9  I 

112.8 


133.3 
80.4 
88.0 


96.1 
72.8 
99.0 
99.2 
174.4 


125.4 
99.1 
190.5 

79.4 
71.6 
58.0 
76.9 


132.0 

151.7 

349.1 

60.1 

47.3 

134.6 

16.5 

86.3 

62.1 


.30.6 

112.4 

38.9 

75.8 

46.x 

95.0 

52.5 

85.2 

19.4 

35.5 

3.3.3 

73.4 

43.6 

92.3 

39.8 

62.1 

411.1 
340.0 
268.1 
232.0 
263.2 
198.0 
153.4 
144.0 
231.0 


51.3  ; 

44.1  1 

21.2  I 
73.7 
23.4 
53.0 
24.1 
56.9 


51.6 
63.9 
64.2  I 


135.3 
183.0 

55.3 
147.4 

57.4 
126.0 

45.7 

77.8 


163.8  ! 
193.2  I 
139.4  ' 


245.7 
282.0 
376.1 
476.2 
351.1 
470.3 


420.8 
318.2 
261.9 


293.7 
211.1 
254.8 
277.3 
314.2 


219.3 
304.7 
235.6 

87.7 
153.6 
183.7 
227.4 


249.2 
359.3 
990.4 
237.7 
193.2 
201.4 
215.8 
246.4 
131.7 


223.4 
159.5 
183.4 
239.8 


136.1 
213.2 
98.0 
168.6 


163.1 
130.7 
113.1 
160.9 
98.5 
201.9 
108.4 
222.7 


172L2 
225.9  ! 
260.4 


389.8 
441.2 
416.1 
460.1 
542.0 
339.4 
228.3 
344.3 
533.9 


Admitted  during 
the  year. 


Native 
white. 


91.2 


124.5 
263.2 
383.0 

450.0 
260.5 
390.7 


531.1 
350.9 
313.3 


335.1 
370.6 
359.3 
439.9 
626.4 


518.5 
496.5 
483.3 
282.1 
379.1 
430.9 
405.5 


399.0 
4S5.9 
2,875.6 
281. 6 
193.8 
162.7 
86.7 
217.3 
152.5 


385.6 
273.9 
259.7 
426.3 


145.0 
97.8 
94.9 
82.2 
90.8 
75.7 
61.1 
76.0 
87.0 


Foreign- 
born 
white. 


143.2 
120.6 
115.2 
115.4 
129.4 
102.3 
72.9 
124.7 
159.5 


205.4 
266.7 
204.2  I 
225.5  ! 


410. 1 
384.3  I 

250.6  ; 

321.4 

161.8 

3SS.9 

256.1 

628.6 


397.4 
596.3 
584.8 


95.8 
104.1 
109.4 
167.9 
145.5 
155.9 


117.7 
92.2 
78.7 


93.8 
63.1 
94.0 
94.9 
150.2 


76.5 
95.5 
101.6 
41.1 

45.2 
46.9 
74.3 


74.6 
153.3  ' 

225.9 
88. 2 
61.0 
74.3 
76.8 
81.4  I 
57.0  ! 


80.6 
62.5 
78.6 
88.0 


32.6 
59.2  I 
72.1 
67.1 


79.0 
71.1 
31.6 
110.3 
38.2 
84.9 
43.3 
77.5 


76.7 
91.6 
90.4 


74.1 
91.4 
78.3 

172.9 
96.7 

119.9 


143.3 
85.7 
93.9 


101.6 
75.8 
104.2 
104.3 
180.9 


129.  S 

101.9 
198.8 
85.9 
74.8 
60.0 
SO.  5 


139.0 

161.3 

365.9 

64.4 

30.8 

144.6 

17.3 

91.1 

6S.1 


PER  CENT  0»  FOREIGN- 
BORN  WHITE — 


.\mong 
insane 
enu- 
mer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1, 
1910. 


28.8 


33.9 

37.9 

29.5 

31.4 

7.4 

2.9 

8.6 

39.8 

43.1 


Among 
insane 

ad- 
mitted 

in  1910. 


25.5 


In  the 
total 
popu- 
lation: 
1910. 


34.9 

37.0 

25.5 

24.0 

5.2 

2.3 

7.7 

31.7 

38.0 


114.9 
79.9 

101.6 
92.2 


37.3 
78.0 
96.9 
70.1 


140.9 
189.6 

57.8 
156.1 

63.7 
141.7 

47.9 

79.3 


171.7 
200.8 
145.6 


10.1 
26.0 
17.8 
38.5 
3i.7 
33.8 


43.1 
35.8 
28.1 


17.9 
12.5 
32.0 
37.2 
47.0 


57. 4 
24.5 
17.2 
64.8 
42.2 
36.8 
18.0 


15.0 

14.8 
23.1 
1.9 
6.0 
0.4 
0.3 
1.0 
5.5 


4.3 
2.2 
2.3 
1.9 


3.0 
6.0 
7.0 
1L8 


SI.  8 
38.7 
40.1 
32.1 
15.1 
48.1 
45.3 
48.3 


46.0 
37.8 
43.6 


14.7  I 

25.2  , 

13.3  I 
40.5 
32.7 
32.1 


4Z6 
32.3 
28.1 


17.2 
9.1 
29.4 
29.9 
34.9 


47.8 
17.9 
15.7 
55.4 
35.3 
24.8 
11.5 


18.1  1 
12.4 
14.2 
1.3 
5.5 
0.9 
0.2 
1.2 
6.5 


3.7 
LS 
2.2 
1.2  I 


2.4 

7.7 
5.0 
10.1 


44.6 
36.5 
35.7 
25.9 
15.5 
43.7 
28.2 
25.0 


44.7  : 
33.7  I 
36.2  I 


27.7 

25.0 

16.8 

13.9 

2.4 

1.0 

4.0 

16.8 

20.5 


14.8 
22.4 
14.0 
31.2 
32.8 
29.5 


29.9 
25.9 
18.8 


12.5 
5.9 
21.3 
21.2 
22.0 


26.2 
12.3 

7.0 
27.1 
17.2 
14.8 

8.0 


8.6 
8.0 
7.4 
1.3 
4.7 
0.3 
0.4 
0.6 
4.S 


1.7 
0.8 
0.9 
0.5 


1.1 
3.1 
2.4 

6.3 


24.4 
12.4 

18.6 
15.9 
6.9 
22.9 
17.0 
22.0 


21.1 
15.3 
21.8. 


'  Ratio  is  based  upon  the  number  of  white  persons  of  the  same  nativity  15  years  of  age  and  over  in  the  total  population. 


IMMIGRANTS. 


31 


Nationalities  according  to  country  of  birth. — lii  Table 
19  the  foreign-born  white  insane  enumerated  in  hos- 
pitals on  January  1,  1910,  a.id  also  those  admitted  to 
such  institutions  during  1910,  are  classified  according 
to  country  of  birth.  The  table  shows  the  ratio  of  the 
insane  born  in  each  country  to  the  total  nimiber  of 
pei-sous  in  the  United  States  born  in  the  same  country. 
The  ratios  are  conspicuously  high  for  persons  born  in 
Ireland.  Of  the  natives  of  that  coiuitry  974..3  per 
100,000  were  enumerated  in  insane  asylums  on  Janu- 
ary 1,  1910 — a  proportion  of  almost  1  per  cent.  The 
natives  of  that  country  admitted  to  insane  asylums 
during  the  year  1910  represent  a  ratio  of  209.5  per 
100,000.  The  natives  of  Switzerland  ranked  next  to 
the  Irish,  having  a  ratio  per  100,000  of  602.4  insane 
enmnerated  and  of  157  insane  admitted.  At  the  other 
extreme  are  the  natives  of  Italy,  with  a  ratio  of  136.2 
per  100,000  for  insane  enumerated  and  a  ratio  of  64.3 
per  100,000  for  insane  admitted.  The  ratios  are  rela- 
tively low  also  for  the  natives  of  Russia  and  Austria- 
Huiagary  and  for  the  Canadian  French.  For  the  na- 
tives of  Gei-many,  Norway,  Sweden,  and  France  the 
ratios  do  not  difi^er  widely,  ranging  somewhat  above 
the  average  for  all  foreign  born;  for  the  natives  of 
England  and  Wales,  Scotland,  Denmark,  and  for  the 
Canadian  English  the  ratios  are  considerably  lower. 


Table  1 9 


COUNTRY  OF  BIBTB. 


Total 13.345.545 


FOREIGN-BOEN  WHITE- 


In  total 

population; 

1910. 


Austria-nunCTrv  i '  1 ,  670. 524 

Canada— English ,  810.987 

Canada— Frendi '  385.0SI 

France |  117.236 

Germany' I  2.  ,501, 181 

Great  Britain \  1,219.968 

Englandand  Wales I  9.58.934 

Scotland '•  261,034 

Ireland !  1,352,155 

Italy 1  1,343,070 

I' 1,602,752 


Scandanavian  countrie.s. 

Norway 

Bweden 

Denmark 


Switzerland 

other  countries. 


1,250,662 
401.858 
665. 183 
181,621 

124,834 
967,093 


In  hospitals  for  the  insane:  1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 


126.9 
133.0 
131.5 
96.9 

157.0 

72.7 


1  In  the  census  of  the  insane  1 ,313  persons  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  Januarv  1 , 
1910,  and  429  persons  admitted  to  hospitals  in  the  year  1910  were  returned  a.s  bom 
in  Poland.  As  Poland  is  not  a  separate  country  politically,  it  may  he  assumed  that 
this  return  designated  persons  of  Polish  race  or  extraction  bcm  in  the  Polish  prov- 
inces of  Austria,  Germany,  or  Kussia.  Accordingly,  tbenumber  of  insane  returned 
as  bom  in  Poland  have  for  the  purposes  of  the  clas'^ifical  ion  hy  country  of  birlh  been 
distributed  between  tliese  three  countries  on  the  basis  of  the'distribution,  as  shown 
In  the  general  population  census,  of  the  total  number  of  persons  born  in  these  coun- 
tries who  were  Poles  according  to  race  or  mother  tongue. 


Xo  iloubt  the  differences  in  these  ratios  are  to  some 
extent  attributable  to  differences  in  the  age  com- 
position of  the  several  nationalities.  It  is  not  possible, 
however,  to  make  allowance  for  the  age  tlifferences  on 
the  basis  of  any  available  statistics,  because  the 
Bureau  of  the  Census  has  never  tabulated  age  returns 
for  the  foreign  born  by  country  of  birth.  Un- 
doubtedly the  Irish  as  compared  with  most  other  for- 
eign nationalities  include  a  much  larger  percentage  of 
old  persons,  because  they  represent  an  earlier  immigra- 
tion. The  Italians,  on  the  other  hand,  representing  a 
very  recent  immigration,  are  comparatively  young. 
But  the  mere  factor  of  age  can  hardly  be  the  complete 
explanation  of  the  marked  contrast  between  these  two 
nationalities  as  regards  the  proportion  of  insane  pres- 
ent or  committed  to  asylums,  and  in  general  this  factor 
probably  does  not  go  very  far  toward  explaining  the 
variations  in  the  ratios  for  other  nationahties. 

In  Table  20  the  number  and  ratio  of  admissions  of 
the  insane  born  in  foreign  countries  are  given  by  geo- 
graphic divisions. 

The  order  or  rank  of  the  several  nationalities  as 
determined  by  the  ratio  of  admissions  varies  consid- 
erably in  different  divisions.  In  making  comparisons, 
however,  it  should  be  noted  that  in  some  divisions  a 
given  nationality  may  be  represented  by  such  small 
numbers  that  the  ratio  has  little  significance.  Fur- 
thermore, it  should  be  noted  as  regards  the  classifica- 
tion by  country  of  birth  that  the  natives  of  some 
countries  are  by  no  means  homogeneous  in  race  or 
stock.  The  natives  of  Russia  in  the  United  States, 
for  instance,  when  classified  by  mother  tongue  are, 
according  to  the  population  cen.sus  of  1910,  52.3  per 
cent  Jews,  26.1  per  cent  Poles,  8.6  per  cent  Lithuanians 
or  Letts,  7.6  per  cent  Gennans,  and  only  2.5  per  cent 
Russians.  The  racial  composition  varies  %videly,  more- 
over, in  different  sections  of  the  United  States.  In  the 
Middle  Atlantic  di^^sion,  for  instance,  the  natives  of 
Russia  are  62.7  per  cent  Jews  and  only  1 .6  per  cent  Ger- 
mans; while  in  the  West  North  Central  division  they 
are  only  26  per  cent  Jews  and  are  51.8  per  cent  Ger- 
mans. Naturally,  these  diversities  in  racial  composi- 
tion must  have  considerable  effect  in  producing  a  varia- 
tion in  the  characteristics  of  the  "Russians"  in  chffer- 
ent  geographic  divisions.  Similarly,  the  natives  of 
Austria-Hungary  comprise  a  diversity  of  races  varying 
in  their  relative  importance  in  different  sections  of  the 
United  States.  The  natives  of  Germany  include  a  con- 
siderable number  of  Poles  and  a  smaller  number  of 
Jews;  the  natives  of  Switzerland,  although  mainly 
Genuan  by  race,  include  considerable  French  and 
Italian  elements. 


32 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  20 

POEEIGN-BOKN  WHITE:  1910. 

COUNTRY  OF  BIRTH. 

In  the 
total 
popu- 
lation. 

.\dmitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane. 

In  the 
total 
popu- 
lation. 

-Admitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane. 

In  the 
total 

mtion. 

Admitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane. 

In  the 
total 
popu- 
lation. 

Admitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane,     j 

In  the 
total 
popu- 
lation. 

.Admitted  to 
hospitals  for 
the  insane. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
100,000. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
100,000. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
100,000. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
100,000. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
100,000. 

DNITED  STATES. 

NEW 

ENGLAND. 

i 

MIDDLE  ATLANTIC. 

EAST  NORTH  CENTRAL. 

WEST  NORTH  CENTRAL. 

All  foreign  countries 

13,345,545 

15,523 

116.3 

1.814,386 

2,438 

134.4 

4,826,179 

5,433 

112.6 

3,067,220 

3,365 

109.7 

1,613,231 

1,790 

111.0 

AustrJa-Hungarv                       

1,670,  .'24 

810,987 

385,083 

9:8,934 

117, 2S6 

2,.';01,181 

1, .362,155 

1,343.070 

1.250,662 

1,602, 7;  2 

261.034 

124,  .834 

967,093 

1,5£2 
1,0,-iO 

266 
1,148 

146 
3,193 
2,  .833 

863 
1,587 

1,-n 

297 
196 
703 

92.9 
127.0 

69.1 
119.7 
124.5 
127.7 
209.5 

64.3 
126.9 
106.6 
113.  S 
157.0 

72.7 

86,490 
245,819 
278, 1£6 
159,377 

10,917 

70.261 
334,475 
179,428 

80,906 
192,697 

48,413 

3,715 

117,692 

100 
376 
172 
232 

16 
123 
778 
107 
120 
238 

73 
4 

99 

115.6 
152.9 

61. S 
145.6 
146.6 
175. 1 
232.6 

69.6 
138.1 
123.5 
150.8 
107.7 

84.1 

821,495 
119.959 

27,012 
.343,742 

39,663 
754,939 
615,717 
783,758 
141,022 
893,498 

88,975 

31,344 

769 

156 

20 

399 

46 

1,017 

1,229 

512 

186 

806 

89 

45 

93.6 
130.0 

74.0 
116.1 
116.0 
134.7 
199.6 

6.5.3 
131.9 

90.2 
100.0 
143.6 

96.3 

479,721 
223,672 

46,614 
188,389 

19,004 
921,417 
179,257 
146,824 
320,200 
274,993 

48,712 

33,229 
185,188 

368 
236 

35 
221 

31 

1,105 

330 

78 
439 
309 

49 

51 
113 

76.7 
105.5 

75.1 
117.3 
163.1 
119.9 
184.1 

.63.1 
137.1 
112.4 
100.6 
153.5 

61.0 

140,  .552 

84.065 

17,920 

76,867 

9,681 

426,531 
78,607 
38,234 

476,223 

118,682 
21,814 
19,171 

104,894 

120 

96 

22 

85 

8 

603 

181 

16 

506 

140 

24 

43 

46 

85.4 

114.2 

122.8 

Enpland  and  Wales 

110.6 

82.6 

Germany                                      

117.9 

230.3 

Italy                               

41.8 

Norway,  Sweden,  and  Denmark. . 

106.3 
118.0 

110.0 

224.3 

Othe'"countries                .          

166,055  i      159 

43.9 

SOUTH 

ATLANT 

rc. 

EAST  SOUTH  CENTRAL. 

WEST  SOUTH  CENTRAL. 

MOXraTAIN. 

PACIFIC. 

All  foreign  countries - 

290,555 

352 

121.1 

86,857 

85 

97.9 

348.759 

230 

65.9 

436,910 

515 

117.9 

861,448 

1,315 

152.6 

Aiisfrio-TTnTirnrv 

30.871 

7,725 

763 

24,588 
2,747 

63,239 

27,471 

38,277 
5,712 

49. 141 
7,143 
2,071 

30,807 

32 
13 

2 
37 

5 
98 
61 
16 
11 
46 

4 

1 
26 

103.7 

16S.3 

262.1 

ISO.  5 

182.0 

155.0 

222.1 

41.8 

192.0 

93.6 

56.0 

48.3 

84.4 

4,731 

3,096 

331 

8,505 

1,829 

28,616 

10, 123 

8,181 

2,653 

8,152 

2,053 

2, 748 

5,489 

4 

1 

84.5 
32.3 

29,274 

7,509 

l,0l5 

15,910 

8,242 

69,737 

11,9.85 

31,686 

11,219 

14,108 

4,151 

3,767 

140, 126 

23 

5 

1 

13 

8 

61 

23 

11 

8 

8 

4 

1 

64 

78.6 
66.6 
95.7 
81.7 
97.1 
87.5 
191.9 
34.7 
71.3 
66.7 
96.4 
26.5 
45.7 

36,621 
30,896 

5,276 
60,506 

4,264 
42,897 
26,872 
34,432 
67,838 
18,592 
15,142 

6,970 
86,604 

48 
34 

7 
42 

1 
66 
75 
38 
72 
34 
24 

9 
65 

131.1 
110.0 
132.7 
69.4 
23.5 
163.9 
279.1 
110.4 
106.1 
182.9 
158.5 
129.1 
75.1 

40,769 

88.216 

7.966 

81,060 

20, 889 

123,644 
67,648 
82,260 

138,  .889 
32,889 
24,181 
21,819 

131,238 

88 

113 

7 

113 

27 
193 
143 

82 
242 
118 

27 

39 
123 

215.9 

128.1 

87.9 

Englapd  and  Waie*^                    

6 
4 
27 
13 
3 
3 
10 
3 
3 
S 

70.5 
218.7 

94.7 
128.4 

36.7 
113.1 
122.7 
119.9 
109.2 
145.7 

139.4 

France     

129.3 

166.1 

Ireland 

211.4 

Italy                   .            

99.7 

Norway,  Sweden,  and  Denmark. . 
Russia'                

174.2 
358.8 

111.7 

Switzerland  

178.7 

Other  countries 

93.7 

Length  of  time  in  the  United  States. — In  Table  21  the 
foreign  bom  admitted  to  insane  asylums  in  1910  are 
classified  according  to  the  number  of  years  they  had 
been  in  the  United  States  prior  to  admission.  For 
about  one-fourth  of  the  total  number,  however,  infor- 
mation on  this  point  was  lacking.     Of  those  for  whom 


the  length  of  time  in  tliis  country  was  reported  348, 
or  3  per  cent,  had  been  here  less  than  1  year;  597,  or 
5  per  cent,  had  been  here  less  than  2  years;  and  1,679, 
or  14.3  per  cent,  less  than  5  yeai-s.  On  the  other  hand, 
rather  more  than  one-haK  of  those  reported  (51.5  per 
cent)  had  been  in  the  United  States  20  years  or  more. 


Table  3 1             foeeign-born  white  in  the  total  population:  1910  (apr.  15). 

foreign-born  white  admitted  to  hospitals  for 
the  insane:  1910. 

Year  of  immigration. 

Lengrt^li  of  time  in  the  United 
States    in    years     (y.)     and 
months  (m.)- 

Number. 

Per  cent 
distribu- 
tion. 

Number  of  years  in  the  United  States. 

Number. 

Per  cent 
distribu- 
tion. 

Total 

13,345,545 

Total 

15,523 

1,318,959 
12,026,586 
231,696 
573,585 
405,631 
694,362 
623,647 
520, 161 

1,479,844 

Number  of  years  not  reported 

3,743 

11,780 

348 
249 
271 
383 
428 

100.0 
1.9 
4.8 
3.4 
5.8 
5.2 
4.3 
12.3 
8.7 
9.6 
44.1 

Number  of  years  reported 

100.0 

1910,  to  AprillS 

Less  than  1  y 

1909 

SJ  m    to  1  y    at  m 

3.0 

1  y.  to  2  y 

2.1 

1907 

2y  3i  m  to3y  3t  m 

2  y.  to  3  y 

2.3 

3v.  to4y 

3.3 

1905 

4y.  toSy 

3.6 

5  y .  to  10  y 

1,642 
1,066 
1,322 
6,071 

13.9 

1806  to  1900 

9  y  31  m  tol4y  3V  m 

1 . 046. 500 

10  y.  to  15  y 

9.0 

isqi  to  1SQ5 

14  V  3t  m  to  19  V  3V  m                  <         l!  148!  645 

15y.to20y 

11.2 

5,302,515 

20  y.  and  over 

51.5 

In  this  connection  the  question  naturally  arises  as 
to  how  tliis  distribution  of  the  foreign-born  white 
admitted  to  insane  asylums  compared  with  the  corre- 
sponding distribution  of  the  foreign-born  white  in  the 
total  population,  and  in  particular  whether  the  pro- 
portion who  have  been  in  this  country  a  short  time  is 
relatively  larger  among  the  insane  than  it  is  in  the 
total  foreign-born  population,  which,  if  true,  would  in- 
dicate that  the  recent  immigrants — in  proportion  to 
their  numbers — were  contributing  more  inmates  to  our 


insane  asylums  than  the  earlier  immigrants.  The  sta- 
tistics of  the  general  population  census  furnish  a  basis 
for  this  comparison.  The  comparison  can  not  be  made 
quite  so  exact  as  would  be  desirable,  because  the  popu- 
lation census  was  taken  as  of  April  15,  and  the  ques- 
tion asked  on  the  schedule  was  not  for  the  number  of 
years  in  the  United  States  but  the  calendar  year  in 
which  the  person  enumerated  immigrated.  It  is  there- 
fore impossible  to  use  an  even  number  of  years  of 
residence   as   the   dividing  line   and   thus   make   the 


IMMIGRANTS. 


33 


classiflcatioii  correspond  exactly  to  that  used  for  the 
insane.  This  difference  does  not,  however,  materially 
affect  the  value  of  the  comparison,  which  is  facilitated 
by  placing  the  classification  of  the  total  foreign-bom 
wliito  population  according  to  year  of  immigration 
side  by  side  in  Table  21  ^^^th  that  of  the  foreign-born 
white  insane  accorchng  to  number  of  years  in  the 
United  States. 

It  is  evident  from  this  comparison  that  thei'e  is  a 
smaller  proportion  of  recent  arrivals  among  the  immi- 
grants committed  to  insane  asylums  than  there  is  in 
the  total  immigi-ant  population.  Of  the  total  for- 
eign-born white  population  in  1910  (exclusive  of  those 
for  whom  the  length  of  residence  in  the  United  States 
was  not  reported)  25.4  per  cent  had  come  to  the 
United  States  since  1904,  and  had  therefore  been  here 
less  than  5  years  (or  to  be  exact,  less  than  5  years,  3J 
months),  while  of  the  foreign-born  white  admitted  to 
insane  asylums  during  1910,  14..3  per  cent  had  been 
here  less  than  5  years.  The  fact  should  not  be  over- 
looked in  this  connection  that  the  incompleteness  of 
the  returns  introduces  an  element  of  uncertainty  in 
this  comparison.  The  percentages  in  each  case  are 
based  on  the  total  number  for  whom  the  information 
as  to  length  of  residence  in  the  United  States  was 
obtained,  comprising  about  90  per  cent  of  the  total 
foreign-born  white  population  and  about  75  per  cent 
of  the  foreign-born  whites  admitted  to  asylums.  The 
omission  of  10  per  cent  in  one  case  and  of  25  per  cent 
in  the  other  would  not  have  any  material  effect  upon 
the  comparison,  however,  provided  that  the  distri- 
bution by  length  of  time  in  the  United  States  in  case 
of  the  "not  reported"  class  does  not  radically  differ 
from  the  distribution  of  those  for  whom  length  of 
residence  was  reported.  In  Table  22  the  assumption 
is  made  that  the  distribution  was  the  same,  and  on 
that  assumption  the  foreign-born  white  for  whom  the 
length  of  time  in  the  United  States  was  not  reported 
are  apportioned  on  the  basis  of  the  per  cent  distribu- 
tion shown  by  those  for  whom  reports  were  obtained. 
It  is  safe  to  say  that  this  assumption  is  not  so  far 
WTong  as  to  affect  the  value  of  the  comparison.  At 
the  same  time  a  readjustment  has  been  made  in  the 
distribution  of  the  foreign-born  population  by  length 
of  time  in  the  United  States,  so  as  to  have  the  classi- 
fication agree  with  that  for  the  insane.  This  read- 
justment, although  it  involves  estimates,  is  doubtless 
sufficiently  accurate  to  serve  as  a  basis  on  which  to 
compute  the  ratios  given  in  the  last  column  of  the 
table. 

For  the  foreign-born  wliites  who  have  been  in  this 
country  less  than  five  years  the  ratio  of  commitments 
to  hospitals  for  the  insane  was  69.7  per  100,000.  For 
those  who  have  been  here  a  longer  time  the  ratios,  as 
indicated  by  the  above  table,  arc  nearly  twice  as  large. 

It  should  be  noted  in  this  connection  that  under  the 
laws  regulating  inamigi-ation  not  only  are  aliens  who 
are  insane  or  have  been  insane  within  five  years  or  have 

27622°— 14 3 


had  two  attacks  of  insanity  debarred  from  entering  the 
United  States,  but  those  who  within  three  years  after 
their  arrival  become  a  pubhc  charge  from  iasanity,  or 
other  causes  existing  prior  to  landing,  must  be  deported. 
Under  these  provisions  of  the  law,  in  the  fiscal  year 
1910,  169  immigrants  were  debarred  from  entering 
the  United  States  because  of  insanity  and  677  who 
had  already  entered  were  deported  as  insane,  of  whom 
640  had  become  pubUc  charges.  This  factor,  however, 
would  not  go  very  far  toward  accounting  for  the  low 
ratio  of  admissions  among  recent  immigrants.  If  the 
169  who  were  debarred  from  entering  the  United 
States  had  entered  and  then  been  committed  to  in- 
stitutions for  the  insane  in  the  year  1910,  the  ratio 
of  admissions  per  100,000  for  the  foreign  born  who 
have  been  in  this  country  less  than  5  j^ears  would 
have  been  about  75  instead  of  69.7 — a  not  very 
material  increase.  As  regards  the  677  who  were  de- 
ported it  may  be  assumed  that  they  had  practically 
all  been  committed  to  institutions  for  the  insane  prior 
to  deportation,  although  they  may  not  all  have  been 
committed  in  the  year  1910.  Thus  the  influence  of 
deportations  would  be  reflected  in  some  reduction  of 
the  permanent  population  of  the  institutions  for  the 
insane  rather  than  in  the  number  of  admissions.* 


Table  22 


LENGTH  OF  TIME  IN  THE   UNITED  STATES. 


Total. . 


Less  than  5  years. . 
5  years  to  10  years. 
10  years  and  over. . 


POEEJGN-BOBN  WHITE:'  1910. 


Total. 


13,345,545 


3,175,998 
1,598,963 
8,570,584 


Admitted  to  hospitals 
for  the  insane. 


Number. 


15,523 


2,214 

2,162 
11,147 


Per 
100,000. 


116.3 


69.7 
135.2 
130.1 


I  In  this  table  the  number  of  foreign-bom  whites  for  whom  length  of  time  in  the 
United  States  was  not  reported  has  been  apportioned  on  the  basis  of  the  per  cent 
distribution  shown  by  those  for  whom  reports  were  obtained. 

To  some  extent  a  lower  ratio  for  the  new  arrivals  than 
for  immigrants  who  have  been  here  longer  is  a  natural 
result  of  the  fact  that,  as  indicated  by  the  statistics,  the 
ratio  of  commitments  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  all 
classes  of  the  population  increases  mth  advancing  age. 
It  is  to  be  expected,  therefore,  that  the  recent  immi- 
grants, being  also  the  younger  immigrants,  should  have 
a  lower  ratio  than  their  predecessore,  who,  having  been 
in  this  country  many  years,  included  a  larger  propor- 
tion of  old  people.  Other  influences  are  doubtless 
operative,  which  may  either  partiaUy  counteract  the 
effect  of  the  difference  in  age,  or,  on  the  other  hand, 
may  accentuate  it.  The  statistics  by  countiy  of  birth, 
presented  in  the  preceding  section,  indicate  that  some 
of  the  nationalities  representing  the  earlier  immigra- 
tion have  a  much  liigher  insanity  ratio  than  most  of 
the  nationalities  belonging  to  the  recent  immigration, 

'  In  addition  to  the  insane  deported  by  the  National  Govern- 
ment some  states  deport  large  numbers  of  insane  at  their  own 
expense.  In  the  year  1912  the  state  of  New  York  returned  to 
other  countries  7-52  alien  insane  inmates  of  New  York  institutions. 


34 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


the  difference  being  apparently  greater  than  can  be 
accounted  for  by  the  mere  difference  in  age.  In  other 
words,  the  question  is  doubtless  one  of  racial  charac- 
teristics as  well  as  one  of  age,  of  legal  restrictions,  and 
of  other  influences. 

INSANITY    AMONG    NEGROES. 

The  187,791  insane  in  hospitals  enumerated  on 
January  1,  1910,  included  12,910  negroes,  and  the 
60,769  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  the  year  1910, 
included  4,384  negroes.  The  negi'oes  thus  constituted 
about  6.9  per  cent  of  the  insane  enumerated  on  Januaiy 
1,  and  7.2  per  cent  of  the  insane  admitted  during  the 
year,  while  of  the  total  population  of  the  United  States 
they  constituted  a  little  over  10  per  cent.  Taking  the 
country  as  a  whole,  therefore,  the  negroes  in  propor- 
tion to  their  numbers  have  fewer  representatives  in 
insane  asylums  than  the  whites. 

For  negroes  the  number  of  admissions  per  100,000 
population  was  44.6;  for  the  wliites  it  was  68.7. 
Equally  marked  is  the  contrast  as  regards  the  ratio  of 
inmates  present  on  January  1 — 131.4  per  100,000  for 
negroes  as  compared  with  213.2  per  100,000  for  whites. 

Table  23  indicates  that  the  difference  between  the 
two  races  as  regards  the  relative  numbers  in  hospitals 
for  the  insane  was  on  the  whole  less  striking  at  the 
census  of  1910  than  it  was  at  earlier  censuses.  For 
both  races  the  ratios  show  a  marked  increase. 


Table  23 

INSANE. 

WUte. 

Negro. 

YEAE. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
white 

popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 

negro 
popula- 
tion. 

ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  DURING  THE  TEAB. 

1910 

56,182 
46,300 

68.7            4,384               44.6 
64.1            3,217               35.0 

1904 

PBESENT  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  A  GIVEN  DATE. 

1910 

1904 

1890 

1880 

174,224 
140,312 
69, 729 
39, 122 

213.2 
194.3 
126.8 
90.1 

12,910 

9,452 
4,299 
1,720 

131.4 
102.8 
57.5 

IN  THE  TOTAL  POPtaATION. 

1890 

99, 719 
S.3.803 

181.4 
197.7 

6,535 
5,993 

87  5 

1880 

91.1 

Northern  negroes  compared  with  Southern  negroes. — 
As  almost  90  per  cent  of  the  total  negro  population 
is  in  the  South,  the  figures  for  this  race  naturally 
reflect  conditions  prevailing  in  that  section  of  the 
country,  where  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  institutions 
for  the  insane  is  in  general  lower  both  for  whites  and 
for  negroes  than  it  is  in  other  parts  ot  the  United 
States. 


Table  24 

INSANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 

Enumerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

DIVISION  AND  STATE. 

White. 

Negro. 

White. 

Negro. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

white 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

negro 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

white 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

negro 
population. 

United  States       

174,224 

213.2 

12,910 

131.4 

56,182 

68.7 

4,3S4 

44  6 

New  England  

19,243 
50,811 
40,247 
22,032 

14,634 

296.9 
269.1 
224.5 
194.1 

181.3 

314 

1.520 

970 

579 

5.308 

473.6 
363.7 
322.4 
238.6 

129.1 

6,862 
14,209 
12, 867 

7,180 

4,820 

105.9 
75.3 
71.8 
63.3 

69.7 

102 
439 
304 
260 

1.900 

1.53  8 

Middle  Atlantic                                                   .     .          

105  1 

West  North  Central                                                           

107  I 

46.2 

Delaware .             

353 

2,807 
2,235 
2,294 
1,612 
1,828 

892 
2,153 

460 

7,220 

206.3 
264.2 
946.5 
165.1 
139.3 
121.8 
131.3 
150.4 
103.7 

125.5 

88 
413 
648 
1,340 
109 
694 
649 
979 
388 

2,537 

282.2 
177.8 
686.1 
199.7 
169.9 
99.4 
77.6 
83.2 
125.7 

95.6 

104 
1,143 
444 
781 
463 
680 
316 
717 
172 

2  732 

60.8 
107.6 
188.0 
56.2 
40.0 
45.3 
46.5 
60.1 
38.8 

J7  .T 

23 
129 
1.50 
453 

32 
236 
330 
394 
153 

950 

73  8 

District  of  Columbia 

158  8 

49  9 

33.8 

South  Carolina        ....          

39  5 

33.5 

Florida                .           

49.6 

East  South  Central 

35.  S 

' 

Kentucky 

2,968 
1,731 
1,366 
1,155 

6,816 

146.4 
101.1 
111.2 
146.9 

101.4 

670 
472 
673 
822 

1,531 

217.8 
99.8 
74.1 
81.4 

77.2 

1,054 
676 
584 
418 

2,609 

52.0 
39.5 
47.5 
53.2 

38.8 

173 

256 
247 
274 

343 

66.1 

Tennessee      

5J.  1 

27.2 

Mississippi 

27.1 

West  South  Central 

17.3 

A  rt.'H^'yis                                                                                             .          

941 
1,452 

948 
3,475 

3,469 
9,752 

83.2 
154.3 

65.6 
108.4 

137.6 
242.4 

151 
705 
128 

547 

57 
94 

34.1 
98.8 
93.0 
79.3 

265.5 
322.0 

222 

366 

682 

1,339 

1.577 
3.326 

19.6 
38.9 
47.2 
41.8 

62.6 
82.7 

33 
125 

48 
137 

29 
57 

7.5 

Louisiana    

17.5 

34.9 

Texas      

19.9 

135.1 

Pacific          

1«.2 

NEGROES. 


35 


Outside  the  South  the  ratio  is  higher  for  negroes  than 
for  whites  in  every  geograpliic  division  (see  Table  24). 
In  New  England,  for  instance,  the  ratio  is  105.9  per 
100,000  for  whites,  as  compared  with  153.8  per  100,000 
for  negroes,  and  in  the  Middle  Atlantic  division  the  ra- 
tios are  75.3  per  100,000  and  105.1  per  100,000,  respec- 
tively. In  the  South  Atlantic  division,  on  the  other 
hand,  59.7  out  of  100,000  whites  were  admitted  toiasane 
asylums,  as  compared  with  46.2  out  of  100,000  negroes. 
In  the  East  South  Central  division  the  number  of  ad- 
missions per  100,000  population  was  47.5  for  whites 
and  35.8  for  negroes;  and  in  the  West  South  Central 
division  it  was  38. 8  and  17.3,  respectively.  There  are 
some  individual  Southern  states,  however,  in  which,  as 
in  the  North,  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  is  higher  for  negroes  than  for  whites.  These 
states  are  Delaware,  Virginia,  West  Virginia,  Florida, 
Kentucky,  and  Tennessee. 

The  fact  that  the  negroes  in  the  South  have  a 
lower  ratio  of  atlmissions  than  the  whites  does  not 
necessarily  indicate  that  insanity  is  less  prevalent 
in  one  race  than  in  the  other.  The  difference  in  the 
relative  numbers  admittefl  to  asylums  for  the  insane 
may  be  influenced  by  the  local  distribution  of  the  two 
races,  by  their  practice  as  regards  taking  steps  to  have 
the  insane  placed  under  institutional  care  or  restraint, 
and  by  the  relative  sufficiency  of  the  provisions  made 
for  caring  for  the  insane  of  each  race.  What  the 
effect  of  such  factors  may  be  it  is  difFic.ult  to  deter- 
mine, but  it  seems  probable  that  they  furnish  at  least 
a  partial  explanation  of  the  differences  between  the 
two  races  as  regards  the  proportionate  numbers  ad- 
mitted to  institutions  for  the  inane.  It  is  fm-ther- 
more  probable  that,  because  of  illiteracy,  poverty, 
and  ignorance  among  the  negroes,  cases  of  insanity, 
especially  those  which  are  forms  of  senile  dementia, 
are  less  likely  to  be  diagnosed  or  detected  in  this  race 
than  among  the  whites. 

Comfarison  by  age  periods. — Table  25  gives,  by  age 
groups,  the  number  of  whites  and  of  negroes  admitted 
to  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  the  North  and  in  the 
South,  with  the  ratios  per  100,000  population  in  each 
age  group.  The  "North"  as  here  defined  includes  the 
New  England,  Middle  Atlantic,  and  the  two  North 
Central  divisions;  the  "South"  includes  the  South 
Atlantic  and  the  two  South  Central  divisions.  For 
the  West,  comprising  the  Mountain  and  Pacific  divi- 
sions, the  figures  are  not  presented  by  age  groups, 
because  of  the  very  small  number  of  negroes  in  that 
section. 

In  the  North  the  ratio  of  admissions  is  higher  for 
negroes  than  for  whites  in  every  age  group,  although  in 
one  group,  55  to  59  years,  the  ratios  are  pi'actically 
identical.  Too  much  significance,  however,  should  not 
be  attached  to  minor  variations  between  the  different 
groups,  for  the  reason  that  in  the  North  the  number  of 
negroes  in  the  older  groups  is  so  small  that  a  small 
change  in  the  number  committed  from  any  one  group 


would  have  a  considerable  effect  upon  the  ratio.  The 
comparison  is  of  value  mainly  as  indicating  that  in  the 
North  the  higher  ratio  of  admissions  for  negroes  as 
compared  with  whites  is  not  explainable  by  the  differ- 
ence in  the  age  composition  of  the  two  races. 


Table  25 


AGE  OEOnP. 


All  ages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  "years 

65  years  and  over. 
Age  unknown 

All  ages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over 
Age  unknown 

All  ages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  vears 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over 
.\ge  unknown 

.A.llages 


raaiNE  ADMITTED  TO  H0SPITAI.9:   1910. 


White. 


Number. 


Per 

100,000 

white 
popula- 
tion. 


Negro. 


Number. 


Per 

100,000 
negro 

popula- 
tion. 


UNITED  STATES. 


56,182 

68.7 

272 

1.1 

2,215 

27.8 

5,101 

63.9 

6,394 

88.1 

6,696 

106.8 

6,945 

121.2 

6,046 

126.5 

5,349 

131.7 

4,609 

129.6 

3,208 

125.1 

2,706 

130.8 

5,807 

159.5 

834 

4,384 


44.6 


54 
320 
579 
601 
568 
629 
388 
316 
253 
150 
163 
348 
115 


1.5 
30.2 
56.2 
68.2 
85.0 
79.7 
85.2 
81.9 
77.6 
71.6 
87.4 
118.3 


THE  NOETH. 


41,118 


75.3 


140 

1,552 
3,619 
4,561 
4,776 
5,059 
4,504 
4,050 
3,449 
2,450 
1,983 
4,423 
552 


0.9 
29.6 
67.5 
92.9 
111.9 
128.2 
133.6 
140.6 
139.3 
136.7 
137.2 
166.4 


1,105 


107.5 


12 
56 
130 
167 
133 
143 
105 
87 
67 
39 
49 
90 
27 


8.0 
65.0 
114.1 

133.8 
127.2 
145.  7 
148.1 
15S.2 
154.6 
137.8 
228.6 
250.2 


THE  SOUTH. 


10,161 

49.5 

3,193 

114 

1.5 

41 

507 

23.5 

263 

1,079 

55.2 

439 

1,246 

74.6 

422 

1,275 

90.3 

425 

1,258 

99.2 

376 

962 

99.0 

271 

837 

102.6 

221 

769 

98.7 

180 

528 

92.3 

108 

473 

102.2 

111 

932 

128.6 

252 

181 

84 

36.5 


1.2 
27.1 
48.2 
56.3 
76.2 
71.0 
71.3 
67.5 
64.2 
60.0 
67.7 
98.2 


THE  WEST. 


Similarly  the  comparison  for  the  South,  as  given  in 
Table  25,  does  not  indicate  that  the  difference  between 
the  races  as  regards  the  ratio  of  insane  is  affected  to 
any  appreciable  degree  by  the  age  factor.  The  ratio 
for  negroes  is  consistently  lower  than  that  for  whites 
in  every  age  group  with  one  exception,  and  it  is  doubt- 
ful whether  this  exception,  occnirring  in  the  age  group 
15  to  19  years,  possesses  any  special  significance;  at 
any  rate  it  has  very  little  effect  upon  the  totals  for  the 
respective  races. 


36 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Diagram  5. — Ratio  of  White  and  Negro  Insane  Admitted  to 
Hospitals  in  the  North  and  in  the  South  per  100,000  Popu- 
lation OF  THE  SAME  AgE  AND  RaCE. 


YEARS 
3S    40 


UNDER 
16 
260r 


a   120 


/ 

/ 

/ 

J 

1 

1 

/ 

.y 

iii^ 

1 

/ 

/ 

/ 

&/ 

j^ 

MOOT- 

\ 

1 

/ 

/ 

N  - 

i/ 

\^,^ 

f 



' 

/ 

S 

'iA 

1 

/ 

) 

/ 

■ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 
/ 

IN 

-t^*e> 

■t^. 

/ 

/ 

f 

s. 

/ 

/ 

/ 

1 
1 

i 

/ 

/ 

/ 

1 
1  , 

■  / 

^ 

OES 

■"    r, 

/ 

1 

/ 

^ 

^ 

/" 

/ 

1 
1 1 

/ 

/// 

r 

i' 

' 

\ 

f/ 

AND 
OVER 

260 


With  regard  to  the  negroes  of  the  North  it  should  be 
remembered  that  they  are  mostly  located  in  large 
cities  and  furthermore  that  a  large  proportion  of  them 
are  immigrants  from  the  South.  Doubtless  these  two 
circumstances  have  a  direct  bearing  upon  the  preva- 
lence of  insanity  among  them.  Being  city  dwellers 
they  are  exposed  to  those  influences  which  in  general 
make  the  insanity  rate  higher  in  cities  than  in  rural 
districts.  Being  immigrants  they  have  to  adjust  them- 
selves to  a  new  environment  which  so  far  as  they  are 
concerned  is  probably  an  unfavorable  one  both  in 
climate  and  in  industrial  and  social  conditions. 


Compared  with  the  foreign^horn  white. — A  compari- 
son between  the  negroes  and  foreign-born  whites  as 
regards  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  is  presented,  by  geographic  divisions,  in  the 
following  table: 


Table  36 

DIVISION. 

ADMITTED     TO     HOSPITALS     IN 
1910     PER     100,000     POPULA- 
TION   OF    SAME     RACE     AND 
NATIVITY. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
bora 
white. 

Negro. 

United  States 

57.9 

116.3 

44.6 

New  England 

93.6 
61.8 
61.9 
52.1 
66.8 
46.5 
36.4 
48.3 
60.7 

134.4 
112.6 
109.7 
111.0 
121.1 
97.9 
65.9 
117.9 
152.6 

153.8 

Middle  A  tlantic 

105.1 

East  North  Central . . 

101.1 

West  North  Central 

107.1 

South  Atlantic 

46.2 

East  South  Central 

35.8 

West  South  Central.. 

17.3 

135.1 

Pacific 

195.2 

In  none  of  the  northern  or  southern  divisions,  ex- 
cept New  England,  is  the  ratio  of  admissions  to 
hospitals  for  the  insane  as  high  for  negroes  as  it  is 
for  the  foreign-born  whites.  As  abeady  explained, 
however,  the  ratio  for  the  foreign-born  whites  is  very 
materially  affected  by  the  peculiar  age  composition  of 
that  class,  comprising  as  it  does  an  exceptionallj*  large 
proportion  of  adults  and  small  proportion  of  children. 
This  factor  makes  the  ratio  for  this  class  higher  than 
it  would  be  if  the  age  distribution  was  similar  to  that 
of  either  the  negroes  or  the  native  whites.  When  the 
ratios  are  compared  by  age  groups,  as  given  in  Table 
27,  it  will  be  found  that  in  every  age  group,  with  one 
exception,  the  ratio  for  northern  negroes  is  higher  than 
that  for  the  foreign-born  whites.  The  exception  occurs 
m  the  age  group  55  to  59  years,  in  which  for  some 
reason — possibly  on  account  of  erroneous  age  returns — 
the  ratio  for  negroes  is  comparatively  low. 


Table  27 


AGE  GROUP. 


AUages^., 


Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over. 


ADinTTED  TO  HOSPITALS  FOE  THE  INSANE  DTODJO 
1910  PER  100,000  POPULATION  Or  SAME  AGE,  RACE, 
AND  NATIVITY. 


White:  United  States. 


Total.i 


68.7 


1.1 
27.8 
63.9 
88.1 
106.8 
121.2 
126.5 
131.7 
129.6 
125.1 
130.8 
159.5 


Native. 


57.9 


Foreign- 
bom. 


116.3 


1.0 
25.6 
60.5 
84.9 
101.7 
115.6 
120.8 
125.4 
121.5 
116.4 
119.9 
144.7 


1.3 

47.5 
75.1 
94.3 
118.0 
131.2 
134.6 
140.0 
145.0 
141.6 
147.9 
181.9 


Negro. 


United 
States. 


44.6 


In  the 

North. 


107.5 


1.5 

30.2 
56.2 
68.2 
85.0 
79.7 
85.2 
81.9 
77.6 
71.6 
87.4 
118.3 


5.0 
65.0 
114.1 
133.8 
127.2 
145.7 
148.1 
158.2 
154.6 
137.8 
228. 6 
250.2 


In  the 
South. 


36.5 


1.2 
27.1 
48.2 
56.3 
76.2 
71.0 
71.3 
67.5 
64.2 
60.0 
67.7 
98.2 


'  Includes  nativity  unknoNvn.  ^  Includes  age  unknown. 

NATIVE    AND    FOREIGN    PARENTAGE. 

On  the  basis  of  the  returns  as  to  the  birthplace  of 
parents,  two  mam  classes  of  the  native  white  insane 
have  been  distinguished,  the  one  comprising  those 
whose  parents  were  both  born  in  the  United  States, 


NATIVE  AND  FOREIGN  PARENTAGE. 


37 


the  other  those  whose  parents  were  either  both  foreign 
born  or  one  foreign  born  and  one  a  native  of  the  United 
States.  The  one  class  is  designated  as  the  native 
white  of  native  parentage,  the  other  as  the  native 
white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage.  For  something 
over  10  per  cent  of  the  native  white  insane  no  in- 
formation as  to  parentage  was  obtained,  so  that  it  was 
necessary  to  distinguish  a  tliird  class,  the  native  white 
of  unknown  parentage.  In  the  tables  giving  the  ratio 
of  admissions  to  total  population,  however,  the  native 
white  insane  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  appor- 
tioned between  the  other  two  classes. 

The  classification  of  the  institutional  insane  by  race, 
nativity,  and  parentage,  is  presented  in  Table  28. 


Table  28 

INSANE 

PER  CENT 
DISTRIBUTION — 

RACE,  NATrVITY,  AM)  PARENTAOE. 

m  hospitals: 
1910. 

Of  the  insane 

in  hospitals: 

1910. 

Of  the 
total 

popula- 
tion; 
1910. 

Enumer- 
ated 
on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during 

the  year. 

Enu- 
mer- 
ated 
on 
Jan.  1. 

Ad- 
mitted 
during 

the 
year. 

All  classes 

187,791 

60,769 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

White 

174,224 

56,182 

92.8 

92.5 

88.9 

Native 

115,402 
67,531 
28, 186 
19,685 
54,096 
4,726 

12,910 

657 

39,629 
24,534 
10,685 

4,410 
15,523 

1,030 

4,384 
203 

61.5 
.36.0 
15.0 
10.5 
28.8 
2.5 

6.9 
0.3 

65.2 
40.4 
17.6 

7.3 
25.5 

1.7 

7.2 
0.3 

74.4 

53.8 

Foreign  or  mixed  par 

Parentage  unlinown 

20.5 

'"'"ii.'s 

10.7 

0.4 

The  following  table  gives  the  ratio  of  admissions 
from  each  class  of  the  population  according  to  race, 
nativity,  and  parentage.  This  table  is  one  of  those  in 
which  the  native  white  insane  of  unknown  parentage 
have  been  distributed  between  the  two  classes  of 
known  parentage.* 


Table  29 


RACE,  NATIVITY,  AND  PARENTAOE. 


All  Classes. 


White. 


Nat  ive 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Negro 

Other  colored . 


Total 

population: 

1910. 


91,972,266 


81,731,957 


68,386,412 
49,488,575 
18,897,837 
13,345,545 


9,827,763 
412,546 


INSANE 

admitted  to 
hospitals:  1910. 


Number. 


60.769 


56, 182 


39.629 
127,858 
1  11,771 

15.523 
1,030 

4,384 
203 


Per 

ino.ono 

popula- 
tion. 


68.7 


67.9 
.56.3 
62.3 
116.3 


44.6 
49.2 


'  In  this  table  the  native  white  insane  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  appor- 
tioned between  the  two  classes  of  known  parentage. 


'  Thia  distribution  was  made  for  each  sex  and  age  group  in  each 
geojrrapliic  division,  the  native  white  of  unknown  parentat^e  beingap- 
portioned  between  tlie  two  classes  of  known  parentage  according  to 
the  relative  numbers  of  each.  The  totals  for  the  divisions  and  for 
the  United  States  were  then  obtained  by  adding  the  age  groups. 
As  the  result  of  this  process  3.324  whites  of  unknown  parentage  were 
classified  as  of  native  parentage  and  the  remainder.  1,0S6.  as  of 
foreign  or  mixed  narentage. 


The  class  of  white  population  having  the  lowest 
ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  is  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage.  The  ratio  for  the 
native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  is  inter- 
mediate between  that  for  the  native  white  of  native 
parentage  and  that  for  the  foreign-born  white,  but  is 
much  closer  to  the  former  ratio  than  to  the  latter. 
Here  again,  however,  consideration  should  be  given  to 
the  effect  of  the  differences  in  the  age  composition  of 
the  several  classes  as  shown  by  the  following  table, 
which  gives  the  age  distribution  for  the  total  popula- 
tion of  each  class. 


Table  30 


age  GKour. 


.\11  ages ... 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  24  years 

25  to  44  years 

45  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over 


pee  cent  DISTBIBDTION  of  the  POPtlLATION: 

1910. 


Native  white. 


Native 
parentage. 


100.0 


35.8 
19.7 
26.2 
13.6 
4.4 


Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage, 


100.0 


38.2 
21.6 
27.6 
11.2 
1.4 


Foreign- 
bom 
white. 


100.0 


5.7 
15.8 
44.1 
25.4 

8.9 


Negro. 


100.0 


37.3 
21.3 
26.8 
11.3 
3.0 


Of  the  three  classes  of  whites  distinguished  in  the 
above  table,  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed 
parentage  have  the  largest  percentage  of  children  and 
the  smallest  percentage  of  old  people — a  condition 
which  would  tend  to  make  the  ratio  of  insanity  lower 
for  this  class  than  for  either  of  the  other  classes,  because, 
as  already  noted,  there  are  very  few  insane  among  chil- 
dren and  many,  relatively,  among  old  people.  The 
influence  of  the  age  factor  upon  the  ratio  of  admissions 
to  hospitals  for  the  insane  is,  however,  eliminated  in  a 
comparison  by  age  groups  as  shown  in  Table  31,  which 
gives  for  each  race,  nativity,  and  parentage  class  the 
number  of  persons  in  each  age  group  admitted  to 
hospitals  for  the  insane,  together  with  the  ratio  per 
100,000  population  of  the  same  class  and  age.  The 
ratios  are  also  shown  in  Diagram  6,  on  page  38. 


Table  31 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

Native  white.i 

Foreign-bom 
white. 

Ne 

AGE  GROUP. 

Native 

Foreign  or 

gro. 

parentage. 

parentage. 

Num- 

Per 

Num- 

Per 

Num- 

Per 

Num- 

Per 

ber. 

100,000 

ber. 

100,000 

ber. 

100,000 

ber. 

100,000 

.Ml  ages. . . 

27.858 

56.3 

11,771 

62.3 

15,523 

11G.3 

4,384 

44.6 

Under  15  years.. 

189 

1.1 

67 

0.9 

10 

1.3 

54 

1.5 

15  to  19  years 

1,272 

25.0 

599 

27.2 

320 

47.5 

320 

30.2 

20  to  24  years 

2,09S 

.57.6 

1.270 

67.8 

1.074 

75.1 

579 

56.2 

25  to  29  years. . . . 

3,201 

79.1 

1,548 

100.2 

l,5f.S 

94.3 

601 

68.2 

30  to  34  years 

3,241 

95.3 

1,600 

117.7 

1,7T7 

IIS.O 

568 

85.0 

35  to  39  years. . . . 

3,204 

107.2 

1,7.35 

135.7 

1,848 

131.2 

529 

79.7 

40  to  44  years 

2,786 

113.7 

1.415 

137.9 

l.irn 

134.6 

388 

85.2 

45  to  49  years. . . . 

2,478 

119.6 

1,178 

139.8 

1,005 

140.0 

316 

81.9 

50  to  54  years 

2,225 

114.1 

972 

142.9 

1,341 

14,5.0 

253 

77.6 

55  to  59  years 

1,637 

109.8 

641 

142.3 

982 

U1,0 

150 

71.6 

60  to  04  years 

1,441 

117.4 

287 

133.9 

92S 

147.9 

163 

87.4 

65  years  and  over 

3,007 

139.3 

488 

190.9 

2,1,52 

181.9 

348 

118.3 

.\ge  u^kIlow^l... 

361 

71 

163 

115 

1  In  this  table  the  native  white  insane  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  appor- 
tioned between  the  two  classes  of  known  parentage. 


38 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Diagram  6. — Ratio  of  (1)  Native  Whites  of  Native  Pahbntaoe, 
(2)  Native  Whites  of  Fobbion  ok  Mixed  Parentage,  (3) 
Foreign-born  Whites,  and  (4)  Negroes  Admitted  to  Hos- 
pitals for  the  Insane  per  100,000  Population  of  the  same 
Color,  Race,  Nativity,  and  Age. 


UNDER 
16 
200 


The  ratio  for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage  is 
uniformly  lower  than  that  for  either  of  the  other  two 
classes  of  whites  in  every  age  group  except  the  young- 
est (under  15  years),  and  very  much  lower  in  every  age 
group  except  the  two  youngest.  There  is  in  general, 
however,  no  wide  difference  between  the  native  white  of 
foreign  or  mixed  parentage  and  the  foreign-born  white, 
the  ratios  for  these  two  classes  in  most  of  the  age  groups 
being  either  nearly  identical  or  not  very  far  apart ;  only 
in  the  two  youngest  age  groups  is  there  any  such  con- 
trast as  appears  in  the  ratios  for  the  total  for  all  ages 
combined.  In  some  groups  the  ratio  for  the  native 
white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  is  slightly  higher 
than  that  for  the  foreign-born  white,  but  usually 
the  latter  is  the  higher  of  the  two.  It  is  evident,  then, 
that  the  difference  between  these  two  classes  as  regards 
the  relative  number  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  is  mainly  accounted  for  by  the  mere  difference  in 
age,  or,  to  be  more  explicit,  by  the  fact  already  noted 


that  the  one  class  as  compared  with  the  other  con- 
tains a  relatively  large  number  of  children  and  rela- 
tively few  old  people. 

In  order  to  determine  more  definitely  just  how  much 
effect  the  difference  in  age  composition  has  upon  the 
ratios,  a  computation  hke  tliat  described  on  page  27 
has  been  made  of  the  ratios  which  the  admissions  of 
the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  and 
the  foreign-bom  white  would  bear  to  the  total  popu- 
lation of  the  same  class  if  each  of  these  classes  had 
the  same  age  distribution  as  the  native  white  of  native 
parentage.  The  results  of  this  computation  are  as 
follows : 


Table  32 


Native  white — Native  parentage 

Native  wiiite — Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 
Foreign-bom  white 


Actual 
ratios. 


56.3 
62.3 
116.3 


Adjusted 
ratios. 


56.3 
69.9 
71.8 


Taking  as  the  standard  the  age  distribution  of  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage,  the  ratio  for  the  na- 
tive white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  becomes  69.9 
per  100,000,  and  that  for  the  foreign-bom  white  be- 
comes 71.8  per  100,000,  the  one  ratio  being  consider- 
ably increased  and  the  other  materially  reduced,  with 
the  result  that  the  difference  between  them  practically 
disappears.  Thus,  while  one  of  the  two  classes  here 
compared  consists  of  persons  bom  and  educated  in  the 
United  States  and  the  other  consists  of  immigrants, 
this  important  distinction  seems  not  to  have  any  effect 
upon  the  proportionate  number  of  admissions  to 
hospitals  for  the  insane.  On  the  contrary,  after  due 
allowance  has  been  made  for  the  difference  in  the 
age  composition  of  the  two  classes,  it  would  appear 
that,  according  to  the  ratio  of  admissions,  the  ten- 
dency to  insanity  is  as  marked  in  the  second  genera- 
tion as  it  is  in  the  first.  As  furnishing  perhaps  a 
partial  explanation  of  this  lack  of  contrast  may  be 
noted  the  fact  that  the  local  distribution  of  the  two 
classes  is  similar.  Wherever  the  foreign-born  white 
are  present  in  large  numbers,  there  is  also  a  large 
representation  of  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed 
parentage.  The  one  class  is  concentrated  in  cities  to 
about  the  same  extent  as  the  other,  and  neither  class 
is  numerically  prominent  in  the  Southern  states. 
Broadly  speaking  it  might  be  said  that  the  two  classes 
live  in  the  same  localities.  So  far  as  that  is  the  case 
they  are,  of  course,  exposed  to  the  same  local  influences 
and  controlled  by  the  same  laws  and  practices  as 
regards  the  placing  of  the  insane  under  institutional 
care.  The  native  white  of  native  parentage,  on  the 
other  hand,  are  sharply  differentiated  from  the  other 
two  classes  as  regards  both  geographic  distribution 
and  concentration  in  cities.  This  is  made  evident  by 
Table  33. 

As  indicated  by  the  first  three  columns  of  this  table, 
there  is  not  much  difference  between  the  native  white 
of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  and  the  foreign-born 


NATIVE  AND  FOREIGN  PARENTAGE. 


39 


white  as  regards  the  percentage  living  in  cities;  but 
for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage  this  per- 
centage is  usually  much  smaller  than  for  either  of  the 
other  classes. 


Table  33 

population:  1910. 

Per  cent  living  in  urban 
communities. 

Per  cent  distribution  by 
geographic  divisions. 

DIVISION. 

Native  white. 

For- 
eign- 
born 
white. 

Native  white. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

For- 
eign or 
mi.\ed 
parent- 
age. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

For- 
eign or 
mixed 
parent- 
age. 

For- 
eign- 
born 
white. 

United  States 

36.1 

65.3 

72.2 

100,0 

100. 0 

100.0 

70.7 
65.8 
41.2 
30.4 
22.8 
15.7 
19.8 
33.5 
53.0 

90.9 
82.4 
62.2 
33.9 
71.3 
69.8 
39.0 
42.0 
61.5 

92.4 
83.9 
71.4 
39.2 
66,0 
66.7 
39.2 
39.7 
61.3 

5.3 
17.1 
19.7 
13.2 
14,8 
11,0 
11,7 
3,0 
4.3 

10.9 

29.6 

27.0 

17.0 

2.3 

1.1 

3.2 

3.3 

5.6 

13.6 

Middle  .\tlantic.. 

36.2 

23.0 

West  North  Central. 

12.1 

Soutli  Atlantic 

2,2 

C.7 

West  Soulii  Central.. 

2.6 

Mountain 

3.3 

Pacific 

6.5 

The  differences  in  the  geographic  distribution  of  the 
three  classes  are  revealed  by  the  figures  presented  in 
the  last  three  columns  of  the  table,  which  show  that 
the  three  southern  divisions  included  about  37.5  percent 
of  the  total  native  white  population  of  native  parent- 
age in  1910,  but  only  6.7  per  cent  of  the  total  native 
wliite  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  and  only  5.4  per 
cent  of  the  foreign-born  white.  The  New  England  and 
Middle  Atlantic  divisions,  on  the  other  hand,  included 
only  22.4  per  cent  of  the  native  white  of  native  par- 
entage, as  compared  with  40.4  per  cent  of  the  native 
wliite  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  and  49.8  per  cent 
of  the  foreign-l)orn  white. 

As  it  thus  becomes  evident  that  comparisons  based 
upon  tables  for  the  United  States,  as  a  whole,  may  be 
more  or  less  affected  by  differences  in  the  territorial 
distribution  of  the  several  classes,  tables  have  been 
prepared  presenting  the  statistics  by  geographic 
divisions. 

Table  34  gives,  for  each  geograpliic  division,  the 
number  of  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  from  each  of 
the  thi'ee  classes  of  the  white  population,  with  the 
ratio  of  admissions  per  100,000  population  and  per 
100,000  adults. 

The  ratio  based  on  the  total  population,  being  so 
largely  affected  by  differences  in  the  proportionate 
number  of  childi'en  in  the  several  classes,  may  be 
passed  over  without  further  comment.  The  ratio  based 
on  the  total  number  of  adults  is  of  more  significance. 
In  New  England  this  ratio  is  substantially  the  sam(^ 
for  each  of  the  tliree  classes  of  white  population  here 
distinguished;  and  for  each  class  it  is  higher  than  it  is 
in  any  other  division,  with  tlie  exception  that  in  the 
case  of  the  foreign-born  white  the  ratio  in  the  Pacific 
division  is  greater  than  that  in  New  England.  In  all 
divisions  except  New  England  the  ratio  for  the  foreign- 


born  white  is  higher,  and  usually  considerably  higher, 
than  that  for  either  of  the  other  two  classes.  The  ratio 
for  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  is 
intei-mediatc  between  the  ratio  for  the  foreign-born 
white  and  that  for  the  native  white  of  native  parent- 
age in  the  Middle  Atlantic,  the  two  North  Central,  and 
the  Pacific  di\Tsions,  but  is  the  lowest  of  the  three  ratios 
in  the  three  southern  and  the  Mountain  divisions. 


Table  34 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS: 

1910. 

DIVISION. 

Native  white.' 

Foreign- 
bom 
white. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage. 

NtlMBEB. 

United  Stales.  ... 

27,858 

11,771 

15,523 

New  England 

2,765 
5,005 
5,.<i09 
3,2S4 
4,202 
2,553 
2,230 
777 
1,233 

1,604 

3,6S2 

3,394 

1,786 

215 

84 

91 

229 

6,S6 

2,438 
5  433 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central 

3,365 
1  790 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic.  . 

'352 

East  South  Central  . .. 

85 

West  South  Central 

230 

Mountain 

515 

Pacific 

1,315 

NUMBER    PEE     100,000     POPULA- 
TION   or   .SAME   NATtVITV   AND 
PARENTAGE. 

United  States.. 

56.3 

62.3 

116  3 

New  England 

105.8 
69.1 
69.6 
50.3 
67.2 
46.8 
38.7 
53.0 
58.5 

78.1 
65.9 
66.4 
55.0 
48.  9 
39.1 
15.0 
37.1 
65.1 

134  4 

Middle  Atlartic. 

ICast  North  Central . . . 

West  North  Central 

HI  0 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Centra! 

97  9 

West  South  Central 

Mountain 

117  9 

Pacific 

NUMBER   PER   100,000   ADULTS.' 

United  States 

87.  S 

100.8 

123.3 

New  England 

144.5 

87. 8 
91.8 
80.6 
92.0 
77.0 
65.2 
83.4 
82. 3 

145.8 
115.9 
100.9 
."sj.  5 
72,4 
50,1 
24.1 
5S.5 
96.8 

Middle  Atlantic 

120.6 
115  2 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

115.4 

129.4 
102.3 
72  9 

Sou  th  A tiani  ic 

East  Soutli  Central . , 

West  South  Central 

Mountain 

124.7 
159.5 

Pacific 

'  In  this  table  the  native  while  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  apportioned 
between  the  two  cla.sses  of  known  parentage. 

3  Ratio  is  based  upon  the  number  of  persons  of  the  same  nativity  and  parentage 
15  years  of  age  and  over  in  the  total  population. 

Table  35  gives,  by  geographic  divisions,  the  ratio  of 
admissions  by  age  groups  for  each  of  the  three  classes 
of  white  population  here  distmguished.  In  New  Eng- 
land and  in  the  Middle  Atlantic  and  East  North  Central 
divisions,  the  ratio  for  the  native  white  of  foreign  or 
mixed  parentage  is  higher  than  that  for  either  of  the 
other  two  classes  in  nearly  every  age  group,  but  in  all 
the  other  divisions  except  the  t^\■o  South  Central  the 
ratio  for  the  foreign-born  white  is,  as  a  rule,  the  highest 
in  each  ago  group.  It  would  probably  be  expected 
that  the  lowest  ratio  would  be  that  for  the  native 
white  of  native  parentage,  and  that  is  very  generally 
the  case;  but  a  notable  exception  is  shown  by  the 


40 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


figures  for  New  England,  where  the  ratio  of  admissions 
for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage  runs  ahead 
of  that  for  the  foreign-born  white  in  all  groups  between 
20  and  50  yeare  of  age.  The  peculiarities  or  exceptions 
exliibited  by  the  figures  for  the  southern  divisions  are 
probably  of  less  significance  because  of  the  compara- 
tively small  representation  of  the  classes  of  foreign 
birth  or  foreign  parentage  in  the  South. 

The  figures  for  New  England  in  this  table  furnish  a 
very  striking  instance  of  the  effect  of  a  marked  differ- 
ence in  age  distribution  upon  the  comparisons  between 
two  classes.  It  results  in  something  almost  Uke  a 
paradox.  Looking  at  the  ratios  for  "all  ages"  com- 
bined, one  would  say  that  in  New  England  the  record 
of  admissions  to  hospitals  indicates  that  there  is  much 
more  insanity  among  the  foreign-born  white  than 
among  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parent- 
age; and  that  is  perfectly  true.  But  it  results  simply 
from  the  oft-emphasized  fact  that  the  one  class  is  so 


much  older  than  the  other.  On  making  the  compari- 
sons b}'  age  groups  it  will  be  found  that  in  every 
group,  with  one  exception,  the  ratio  for  the  native 
white  of  foreign  parentage  is  higher — u.-;ually  much 
higher — than  that  for  the  foreign  born.  One  might 
say  that  in  New  England  the  second  generation  of  for- 
eign origin,  consisting  of  the  native  children  of  immi- 
grants, is  more  subject  to  insanity  than  the  present-day 
immigrants  themselves.  This,  however,  is  not  clearly 
a  case  of  children  worse  than  their  fathers,  because 
many  of  the  fathers  of  the  children  here  considered 
belonged  to  an  early  generation  of  immigrants,  which 
has  now  passed  ofl"  the  stage  of  life,  and  therefore 
does  not  figure  in  this  comparison. 

The  ratios  for  the  Middle  Atlantic  and  East  North 
Central  divisions  show  a  similar  relationship  between 
these  two  classes,  although  the  differences  revealed  by 
a  comparison  by  age  groups  are  in  general  not  so 
striking. 


Table  35 

WHITE  PERSONS 

ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  FOE  THE  INSANE  PEE  100,000  WHITE  POPULATION  OF  THE  SAME  NATIVITY  AND  PARENTAGE  1 

1910. 

Native. 

Foreign- 
bom. 

Native. 

Foreign- 
bom. 

Native. 

Foreign- 
born. 

Native. 

Foreign- 
born. 

Native. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mLxed 
parent- 
age. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mLxed 
parent- 
age. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Native 

parent- 

age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

For- 
eisn- 
bom. 

traiTED  STATES. 

NEW  ENGLAND. 

MIDI 

)LE  ATLANTIC. 

EAST  NORTH  CENTRAL. 

WEST  NORTH  CENTRAL. 

All  ages' 

56.3 

62.3 

116.3 

105.8 

78.1 

134.4 

59.1 

65.9 

112.6 

59.6  !        66.4 

109.7 

50.3             55.6 

111.0 

1.1 
2.5.0 
57.6 
79.1 
95.3 
107.2 
113.7 
119.6 
114.1 
109.8 
117.4 
139.3 

0.9 
27.2 
67.8 
100.2 
117.7 
135.7 
137.9 
139.8 
142.9 
142.3 
133.9 
190.9 

1.3 

47.5 
75.1 
94.3 
118.0 
131.2 
134.  6  ! 
140.0 
145.0  1 
141.6 
147.9  1 
181.9 

1.6 
43.9 
107.6 
136.3 
141.6 
165.2 
160.8 
178.1 
171.6 
165.4 
153.3 
186.0 

2.7 
45.6 
98.5 
136.7 
156.7 
199.3 
243.7 
218.1 
206.7 
233.1 
160.0 
298.4 

1.8 
43.8 
87.1 
105.7 
130.3 
156  7 
156.9 
175.2 
173.6 
184.2 
197.6 
248.5 

0.7 
29.2 
62.4 
78.3 
87.5 
93.0 
111.0 
127.4 
116.3 
109.0 
113.9 
133.7 

0.8 
34.5 

78.3 
108. 6 
128.6 
156.0 
156.0 
159.7 
180.7 
176.1 
l.W,  4 
198.7 

2.2 

55.2 
81.6 
91.4 
114.4 
120.9 
121.7 
142.1 
147.4 
167.7 
148.4 
228.3 

6.1           0.5 
23.7  1        22.7 
55. 4           62.  2 

0.7 
42.2 
60.9 

75.7  ; 

110.8 
125.9 
136.9 
128.2 
130.9 
123.0 
136.6 
153.8 

0. 5             0. 7 

15  to  19  years        

21.4 
46.9 
78.0 
94.1 
102.7 
109.4 
105.2 
106.3 
91.7 
117.7 
134.0 

15.9 
60.3 
92.5 
109.5 
117.6 
116.6 
127.9 
119.5 
103.9 
15.1.6 
206.9 

19.4 

61.2 

25  to  29  years . 

78.1 
94.3 
119.7 
123.0 
130.9 
122.3 
130.1 
120.4 
140.5 

104.9 
126.8 
135.7 
132.9 
137.5 
142.3 
134.0 
129.0 
184.1 

104.4 

114.7 

35  to  39  years ....        .  

129.3 

129.0 

45  to  49  years 

119.5 

128.5 

55  to  59  years     

116.8 

131.5 

128.5 

SOUTH  ATLANTIC. 

EAST  SOUTH  CENTRAL. 

WEST  SOUTH  CENTKAL. 

MOtTNTAIN. 

PACIFIC. 

.Ullages' 

57.2 

48.9 

121.1 

46.8 

39.1 

97.9 

38.7 

15.0 

6,5.9 

53.0 

37.1 

117.9 

58.5  1        65.1 

152.6 

Under  15  years 

1.8 
25.7 
64.5 
86.1 
95.8 
117.9 
115.7 
119.2 
114.1 
106.3 
120.5 
155.9 

1.4 
21.1 
66.1 
94.3 
96.1 
84.9 
65.6 
37.8 
83.7 
63.8 
112.2 
149.1 

""ss.'o" 

66.9 
91.5 
114.7 
108.2 
138.7 
159.4 
177.3 
145.4 
122.0 
209.7 

0.8 

23.0 
57.6 
71.9 
98.6 

100.3 
97.1 

101.0 

103.3 
97.9 
96.5 

100.3 

1.8 
21.2 
44  6 
65.9 
82.8 
82.3 
85.4 
91.4 
71.6 
75.7 
89.3 
99.6 

0.4 
8.8 
5.0 
11.8 
29.2 
28.8 
52.5 
32.8 
44.4 
37.9 
12.8 
56.5 

2.1 

0.7            0.3 

21.7           30.4 
51.0           81.1 
65.4          103.0 
102.  4           98. 8 

15  to  19  vears    .  .  .' 

20.4 
31.0 
62.2 
53.7 
56.1 
48.0 
72.5 
64.2 
62.9 
22.3 
53.1 

104.1 
144.2 
178.3 
54  9 
63.8 
79.4 
138.4 
67.2 
31.6 
97.0 
128.5 

20.3 
39.0 
46.3 
66.3 
95.5 
84.1 
88.9 
96.3 
60.1 
71.0 
105.1 

22.9 
45.1 
69.0 
91.9 
90.5 

136.7 
39.9 

123.3 

21.8 
39.2 
47.2 
65.7 
81.8 
78.7 
121.7 
70.3 

17.8 
58.9 
93.0 
99.8 
147.9 
172.0 
127.7 
147.4 
136.9 
200.2 
198.7 

76.4 

87.3 

25  to  29  years 

142.5 

30  to  34  years 

172.5 

102.9 
105.2 
109.6 
104.8 
78.9 
119.6 
133.2 

132.0 
121.0 
119.4 
80.7 
127.4 
135.6 
230.2 

170.7 

40  to  44  years     . 

160.4 

165.5 

50  to  54  years 

190.3 

102.3  '      118.5 
153.0  !        35.7 
175.6  1        66.1 

143.8 

60  to  64  years 

179.1 

63  years  and  over 

202.6 

1  In  the  computation  of  these  ratios  the  native  white  insane  of  unlmown  parentage  have  been  apportioned  between  the  two  classes  of  loiown  parentage. 
» Includes  age  unknown. 


SEX. 

Ratio  of  males  to  females. — -As  shown  by  Table  36, 
the  total  number  of  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on 
January  1,  1910,  included  98,695  males  and  89,096 
females;  the  total  number  of  insane  admitted  during 
the  year  1910  included  34, 116  males  and  26,653  females. 
Males  are  therefore  m  the  majority.     They  are  also 


in  the  majority  in  the  total  population  of  the  United 
States  but  not  to  so  marked  a  degree.  In  the  total 
population  there  are  106  males  to  100  females:  in  the 
institutions  for  the  insane  the  ratio  is  110.8  to  100; 
and  among  the  admissions  to  such  institutions  it  is  still 
higher,  being  128  to  100.  This  means,  of  course,  that 
in  proportion  to  their  numbers  more  males  than  females 
are  committed  as  insane. 


SEX. 


41 


It  will  be  noticed  that  the  ratio  of  males  to  females 
in  the  admissions  is  much  higher  than  it  is  among  the 
inmates  enumerated  on  January  1.  This  is  probably 
due,  at  least  in  part,  to  the  difference  in  the  death  rate 
of  the  two  sexes.  In  the  general  population  the  death 
rate  is  somewhat  higher  for  males  than  for  females, 
particularly  in  the  older  age  periods,  and,  as  indicated 
by  statistics  already  presented,  a  large  proportion  of 
the  inmates  of  insane  asj'lums  are  of  advanced  age. 
For  this  and  possibly  other  reasons  the  death  rate  for 
males  in  hospitals  is  very  much  higher  than  that  for 
females,  and  it  is  obvious  that  if  the  males  after  ad- 
mission die  off  faster  than  the  females,  the  excess  of 
males  will  diminish  as  time  goes  by  (sec  p.  63).  It  is 
possible,  at  the  same  time,  that  the  ratio  of  males  to 
females  in  the  admissions  to  insane  asylums  is  actually 
changing  in  the  direction  of  a  greater  proportion  of 
males.  The  statistics,  in  fact,  indicate  that  the  change 
here  suggested  is  taking  place  in  some  degree  at  least , 
the  ratio  of  males  to  females  among  the  admissions 
being  123  to  100  in  1904,  as  compared  with  128  to  100  in 
1910.  Among  the  inmates  present  on  a  given  day,  as 
shown  by  Table  36,  the  number  of  males  to  100  females 
was  101.6  in  1880,  107.4  in  1890,  109.6  in  1904,  and, 
as  already  stated,  110.8  in  1910 — an  increasing  excess 
of  males. 


Table  36 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


VEAR. 

Enumerated  on  a  given  date. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

Male. 

Female. 

Males 
per  100 
females. 

Male. 

Female. 

Males 
per  100 
females. 

1910 

98,695 
78,523 
38,330 
20,635 

89,096 
71,628 
35,698 
20,307 

110.8 
109.6 
107.4 
101.6 

34,116 
27,389 

(') 

(') 

26,653 
22,233 

(') 
(•) 

128.0 

1904 

123.2 

1890                 

1880 

1  No  data. 

Ratio  to  total  population. — In  a  preceding  paragraph 
attention  has  been  called  to  the  fact  that  the  excess 
of  males  among  the  insane  in  hospitals  is  greater  than 
it  is  in  the  general  population.  It  follows,  of  course, 
that  the  ratio  of  male  insane  to  total  male  population 
exceeds  the  corresponding  ratio  for  females — that  is 
to  say,  there  are  not  only  actually  more  males  than 
females  in  hospitals  for  the  insane,  but  more  in  pro- 
portion to  the  total  numbers  in  the  general  population. 
In  fact,  the  ratio  of  the  total  number  of  male  inmates 
of  insane  asylums  in  1910  to  the  total  male  population 
was  208.5  per  100,000,  while  the  ratio  of  female  in- 
mates to  the  total  female  population  was  199.6  per 
100,000.  The  males  admitted  during  the  year  1910 
represented  a  ratio  of  72.1  per  100,000  and  the  females 
a  ratio  of  59.7  per  100,000.  Therefore,  in  a  typical 
community  of  200,000  population  equally  di\ndc(]  as 
to  sex,  208  of  the  males  would  bo  found  in  institutions 
for  the  insane  and  200  of  the  females;  and  in  the 
course  of  one  year  72  males  would  be  committed  to 
such  institutions  as  compared  with  60  females. 


Tables? 

Total 

population: 

1910. 

INaANE  IN  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

.SEX. 

Enimierated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during 
the  year. 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popu- 
lation. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
popu- 
lation. 

Total 

91,972,266 

187,791 

204  2 

fin  7fiQ 

AA  1 

Male 

47,332,277 
44,639,989 

98,695 
89,096 

208.5 
199.6 

34,116 
26,653 

72  1 

That  the  proportion  of  males  in  insane  asylums  has 
increased  faster  than  the  proportion  of  females  is 
indicated  by  the  following  table: 


Table  38 

INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Male. 

Female. 

YEAR. 

Number. 

Number 
per 

100,000 
male 

popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Number 

per 
100.000 
female 
popula- 
tion. 

ENUMERATED  ON  A  GIVEN  DATE. 

1910 

98,695 

78,523 
38,330 
20,635 

208.5 
187.4 
119.5 
80.9 

89,096 
71,628 
35,698 
20,307 

199  6 

1904 

179.6 

1890 

116  8 

1880 

82.4 

ADMITTED  DUKINQ  THE  TEAR. 

1910 

34,116 

27,389 

72.1 
65.4 

26,6.13 
22,233 

59.7 

190-1 

55  7 

In  1880  the  proportionate  number  of  females  in 
insane  asylums  was  sUghtly  greater  than  the  propor- 
tionate number  of  males,  the  ratio  being  82.4  per 
100,000  in  the  case  of  females  as  compared  with  a 
ratio  of  80.9  per  100,000  in  the  case  of  males.  By 
1890,  however,  the  ratio  for  males  exceeded  that  for 
females,  and  the  excess  was  still  greater  in  1904  and 
in  1910. 

Sex  and  age. — The  difference  between  the  sexes  as 
regards  the  ratio  of  admissions  varies  considerably  in 
different  age  periods,  as  is  shown  by  Table  39  and  also 
by  Diagram  7.  In  no  age  period,  however,  is  the 
ratio  as  high  for  females  as  it  is  for  males.  The 
difference  is,  on  the  whole,  most  marked  in  the 
older  age  periods.  For  both  sexes  the  ratio  in- 
creases rapidly  in  the  younger  age  periods.  For  men 
the  ratio  remains  nearly  stationary  at  about  130  per 
100,000  m  the  age  groups  between  40  and  59.  The 
ratio  for  women  reaches  120  in  the  age  group  45  to  49 
yeai-s  and  remains  at  that  figure  in  the  next  age  group, 
50  to  54  years.  Then  it  falls  off  and  is  considerably 
lower  between  the  ages  of  55  and  64;  but  there  is  no 
corresponding  reduction  in  the  ratio  for  men.  After 
65  the  effect  of  old  age  in  increasing  the  ratio  is  appar- 
ent for  both  sexes,  but  is  on  the  whole  more  marked 
for  men  than  for  women. 


42 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


The  question  naturally  arises  as  to  why  the  record 
of  admissions  indicates  more  insanity  among  males 
than  among  females.  Considerable  light  upon  this 
question  may  be  obtained  from  the  statistics  of  the 
cases  of  general  paralysis  and  alcoholic  psychosis 
which  are  presented  in  another  section  of  this  report 
(see  p.  55). 


Table  39 


AGE   GROUP. 


AH  ages 

Under '5  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

60  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 
Age  unknown 


INaANE   ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 


Male. 


Number. 


34,116 


181 

1,471 

3,234 

3,911 

4,018 

4,090 

3,618 

3,163 

2,712 

1,975 

1,698 

1,255 

994 

676 

513 

607 


Per 
lOO.OOO 
male 
popula- 
tion. 


72.1 


1.2 

32.5 
70.6 
92.1 
109.9 
121.5 
129.8 
133.0 
128.5 
132.7 
143.2 
145.3 
177.0 
204.1 
224.0 


Female. 


Number. 


26,653 


Per 
100.000 
female 
popula- 
tion. 


59.7 


146 

1,068 

2,467 

3,116 

3,277 

3,405 

2,851 

2,518 

2,165 

1,393 

1,174 

936 

782 

504 

501 

350 


1.0 

23.5 

55.1 

79.2 

98.8 

112.4 

115.2 

120.5 

120.9 

107.3 

108.6 

114.8 

141.6 

150.0 

192.7 


Diagram  7.- — Ratio  op  Males  and  of  Females  Admitted  to 
Hospitals  foe  the  Insane  in  1910  per  100,000  Population  of 
THE  same  Sex  and  Age. 


UNDett      TO 


220 

J 

,/ 

1 

/ 

180 

/ 

t 
1 

/ 

1 
1 

160 

/ 

1 
1 
1 

/ 

1 
1 

140 

/ 

' 

y 

\ 

*p.^ 

^ 

/ 

120 

,t>'^'' 

/, 

^t 

\ 
\ 
\ 

.-- 

/ 

/ 
/ 
/ 

_— — 

// 

eo 

/ 

/ 
/    / 

60 

/ 
/ 

/  1 

/ 

/  / 

/  / 

/  / 

1  i 

/ 

I 
// 
// 

0 

A  comparison  of  the  ratios  of  admissions  by  sex  for 
each  of  the  main  race  and  nativity  classes  (see  Table  40) 
brings  out  the  further  fact  that  the  difference  between 
the  sexes  in  tliis  respect  is  most  striking  in  the  case 
of  the  native  whites.  In  the  case  of  the  foreign-born 
wliites  the  ratio  of  admissions  is  scarcely  higher  for 
males  than  for  females,  and  in  the  case  of  the  negroes 
also  it  is  not  very  much  higher.  In  the  case  of  the  native 
whites,  however,  there  were  64  admissions  per  100,000 
for  the  males  as  compared  with  51.7  per  100,000  for  the 
females.  The  contrast  in  tins  respect  between  the 
native  and  foreign-born  white  indicated  by  the  ratio 
of  insane  enumerated  is  even  more  striking.  In 
the  case  of  the  foreign-born  white  this  ratio  is  decidedly 
higher  for  females  than  for  males  while  in  the  case  of 
the  native  white  the  ratio  for  the  males  is  the  higher. 
The  same  relationship  considered  from  a  different 
standpoint  may  be  expressed  by  saying  that  as  regards 
the  ratio  of  insane  enumerated  the  difference  between 
the  foreign  born  and  the  native  is  much  greater  in  the 
case  of  females  than  in  the  case  of  males. 


Table  40 

ins.^ne  in  h03pit.vls  per  100,000 
population:  1910. 

CLASS. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during 
the  year. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

\U  Classes ' 

208.5 

199.6 

72.1 

59.7 

Native  while          

175.0 
377.7 
133.8 

162.3 
441.1 
129.0 

64.0 
117.5 
47.2 

51.7 

114.8 

Negro            

42.1 

I  Includes  white  of  unknown  nativity  and  "other  colored" — classes  which  are 
not  shown  separately  in  this  table. 

Table  41  gives  for  each  geographic  division  the 
number  of  insane  enumerated  on  January  1  and  ad- 
mitted during  the  year  per  100,000  population  of  the 
same  race,  nativity,  and  sex. 

The  ratio  of  admissions  during  the  year  was  higher 
for  males  than  for  females  in  every  geographic  division. 
In  three  geographic  divisions,  however,  the  New  Eng- 
land, Middle  Atlantic,  and  West  South  Central,  the 
number  of  females  present  in  hospitals  for  the  insane 
on  January  1  was  higher  proportionately  than  the 
number  of  males  present.  In  the  case  of  the  first  two 
divisions  named  this  exceptional  condition  is  due  to  the 
influence  of  the  large  foreign-born  element  in  the 
population  of  these  divisions;  for  the  native  whites 
taken  by  themselves  show  a  higher  ratio  of  males 
present  than  of  females.  In  the  West  South  Central 
division  the  relationship  is  reversed,  the  ratio  for 
females  being  liigher  than  that  for  males  among  the 
native  white  but  lower  among  the  foreign-born  white. 
This  is,  however,  the  only  geographic  division  in 
which  among  the  native  whites  the  ratio  for  females 
surpasses  that  for  males. 

Genorahzing,  it  may  be  said  that  these  statistics  in- 
dicate that  in  the  case  of  the  native  white  population 
there  is  more  insanity  among  males  than  among  fe- 
males in  all    sections  of  the  United    States,    except 


SEX. 


43 


possibly  I  lie  West  South  Central  division.  In  the 
case  of  the  foreign-born  white  conditions  vary  in 
different  parts  of  the  country.  In  the  New  England, 
Middle  Atlantic,  and  West  North  Central  divisions 
the  ratio  of  insane  persons  is  liigher  for  foreign-born 
females  than  for  foreign-born  males;  this  is  also  true 
of  the  East  North  Central  division  as  regards  the  ratio 
of  insane  present  in  hospitals,  but  not  as  regards  the 


ratio  of  admissions.  In  all  other  geographic  divisions 
the  ratios  for  the  foreign-born  males  exceed  those  for 
the  foreign-born  females. 

In  the  case  of  negroes  the  ratio  of  inmates  present  is 
higher  for  females  than  for  males  in  each  of  the  three 
southern  divisions,  but  outside  the  South  the  ratio  of 
admissions  is  higher  for  males  in  every  division  except 
the  East  South  Central. 


Table  41 

INSANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 

Entimerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

DIVISION,  AND  RACE  -4ND  NATrNITY. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 
male 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per  100.000 
female 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 
male 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per  103,000 
female 
popula- 
tion. 

United  States: 

Total' 

98,693 

20S.5 

.S9,096 

199.6 

34, 116 

72.1 

26,653 

59.7 

60,644 
28,415 
6,536 

175.0 
377.7 
133.8 

54.758 
25,6.S1 
6.374 

162.3 
441.1 
129.0 

22, 190 
8,838 
2.304 

64.0 
117.5 
47.2 

17.439 
6.685 
2,080 

51.7 

114.8 

Negro 

42.1 

New  England; 

TotaI» 

9.M7 

295.5 

9.933 

302.1 

3.632 

111.2 

3,354 

102.0 

6.446 

2,911 

159 

25,787 

280.3 
313.6 
4S5.0 

282.8 

5,940 

3.728 

155 

26,593 

251.0 
420.7 
462.4 

279.8 

2,315 

1,225 

53 

7,866 

100.7 
132.0 
161.7 

80.2 

2,054 

1,213 

49 

6,803 

86.8 

1.36. 9 

146.2 

Middle  Atlantic: 

Total» 

71.6 

15,487 

9,065 

782 

22, 118 

222.7 
343.2 
384.3 

235.5 

14,703 

10,807 

73.S 

19,128 

207.1 
494.7 
344.2 

215.9 

4,758 

2,809 

227 

7,548 

68.4 
106.3 
111.6 

80.4 

3. ',129 

2,624 

212 

5.643 

55.3 

120.1 

98.9 

East  North  Central: 

Total  I 

63.7 

Native  white                               

13,720 

6,750 

570 

12,659 

1S3.4 
387.7 
364.4 

207.8 

12,272 

5,401 

400 

10,024 

166.3 
407.3 
277.0 

ISO.  S 

5.113 

2,o:i5 

1S6 

4,180 

68.3 
116.9 
118.9 

68.6 

4,090 
1,330 

lis 

3.279 

55.4 

100.3 

81.7 

1;\'EST  North  Central: 

Total » 

59.1 

7,784 

4,125 

346 

10,372 

155.7 
436.6 
274.9 

169.1 

6,520 

3.008 

233 

9,580 

137.6 
450.0 
199.5 

15S.  1 

2.828 

1,026 

142 

3,730 

56.6 
108.6 
112.8 

60.8 

2,242 
764 
118 

2.995 

47.3 

114.3 

Negro - 

South  Atlantic: 

TotaU 

101.0 
49.4 

Native  white 

6,531 
1,001 
2,617 

4,939 

166.4 
579.0 
12S.9 

116.3 

6,273 

474 

2.691 

4,820 

162.7 
402.8 
129.2 

115.7 

2,478 
227 
995 

2,069 

63.1 
131.3 
49.0 

48.7 

1,939 
125 
905 

1.616 

50.3 
106.2 

43.  S 

East  South  Central: 

Total! 

38. 8 

3,525 

169 

1.229 

4,.-!37 

122.5 

334.4 

93.4 

95.4 

3,372 
113 

1.308 

4.076 

120.8 

311.2 

97.9 

96.1 

1,534 
55 
468 

1,622 

53.3 
108.8 
35.6 

35.7 

1,103 
30 

482 

1.346 

39.5 

82.6 

36.1 

West  South  Central: 

ToiaU 

31.7 

2,996 
439 

742 

2,308 

90.6 

216.5 

74.6 

156.2 

2,831 
281 

7S9 

1,266 

92.4 
192.4 
79.7 

109.6 

1,260 
140 
179 

1,134 

3S.1 
69.1 
18.0 

76.7 

1,061 
90 
164 

489 

34.6 

61.6 

16.  S 

Mountain: 

TotaU 

42.3 

1,159 
993 
32 

6,528 

102.9 
347.2 
272.0 

275.9 

746 
429 
25 

3,676 

77.9 
2S4.3 
257.7 

201.3 

686 

388 

16 

2,335 

60.9 
135.7 
136.0 

98.7 

320 

127 

13 

1,128 

33.4 

134.0 

PAcmc: 

61.8 

2.996 

2,962 

59 

178.0 
532.8 
370.0 

2,101 

1,440 

35 

142.0 
471.3 
284.2 

1,218 
933 
38 

72.4 
167.8 
238.3 

701 

382 

19 

47.4 

125.0 

143.4 

1  Includes  white  of  unknown  nativity  and  "other  colored  "—classes  which  are  not  shown  separately  in  this  table. 


44 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  42  gives,  by  sex,  for  each  state  the  number 
and  ratio  of  inmates,  present  on  January  1  and  of 
admissions  during  the  year. 

There  are  18  states  in  wliich  the  ratio  of  females 
in  hospitals  for  the  insane  on  January  1  to  the  total 
female  population  is  higher  than  the  corresponding 
ratio  for  males.     Of  these  states  12  are  in  the  South 


and  the  remaining  16  states  are  rather  widely  dis- 
tributed, including  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  New 
York,  New  Jersey,  Indiana,  and  Utah.  As  regards 
the  ratio  of  admissions,  however,  there  are  only  4 
states  in  which  it  is  higher  for  females  than  for 
males,  namely,  Maine,  Missouri,  North  Carolina,  and 
Louisiana. 


Table  42 

insane  in  hospitals:  1910. 

Enumerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

DIVBION  AND  STATE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

male 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

female 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100,000 

male 
population. 

Number. 

Per  100  000 

female 

popula/- 

tion. 

United  States 

98,695 

208.5 

89,096 

199.6 

34, 116 

72.1 

26,653 

59  7 

Geogeaphic  divisions: 

New  England 

9,647 
25,787 
22,118 
12,659 

10,372 
4,939 
4,337 
2,30S 
6,528 

295.5 
262.8 
235.5 
207.8 
169.1 
116.3 
95.4 
156.2 
275.9 

9,933 
26,593 
19, 128 
10,024 
0,580 
4,  ,S20 
4,076 
1,266 
3,676 

302.1 
279.  8 
215.9 
1.S0.8 
158.1 
115.7 
96.1 
109.6 
201.3 

3,632 
7,866 
7,548 
4,180 
3,730 
2,069 
1,622 
1,134 
2,335 

111.2 
80.2 
80.4 
68.6 
60.8 
48.7 
35.7 
76.7 
98.7 

3,354 
6,803 
5,643 
3,279 
2,995 
1,616 
1,346 
489 
1,128 

102  0 

Middle  Atlantic 

71.6 

East  North  Central 

63  7 

West  North  Central 

59.1 

South  Atlantic 

49  4 

East  South  Central 

38.8 

Weit  South  Central .... 

31.7 

Mountain 

42  3 

61.8 

New  England: 

693 
463 
528 

5,633 
650 

1,680 

14,955 
2,913 
7,919 

5,615 
2,235 
6,846 
3,679 
3,743 

2,755 
2,896 
3,231 
407 
535 
1,141 
1,694 

237 
1,569 
2,170 
1,779 

900 
1, 032 

708 
1,531 

446 

1,968 

1,057 

981 

933 

529 
1,070 

651 
2,087 

S31 
256 
105 
687 
128 
265 
171 
163 

1,325 
1,0S8 
4,115 

183.8 
214.1 
289.2 
340.3 
240.5 
29S.1 

326.2 
226.4 
200.9 

230.6 
161.6 
235.1 
252.9 
309.7 

248.5 
252.2 
191.4 
128.2 
168.7 
181.8 
191.2 

229.1 

243.5 

1,373.0 

171.8 

139.7 

93.9 

94.2 

117.3 

113.2 

169.4 
95.8 
91.3 

103.0 

05.3 
128.1 

73.8 
103.4 

234.1 
138.0 
114.5 
159.5 

73.0 
223.5 

86.9 
314.0 

201.2 
2S3.1 
311.0 

565 

446 
462 

5,968 
593 

1,899 

16,325 
3,129 
7,139 

4,979 
2,292 
5,993 
3,020 
2,844 

1,9S9 

2,481 

2,937 

221 

329 

S49 

1,218 

204 
1,651 

720 
1,S56 

822 
1,490 

833 
1,601 

403 

1,570 
1,147 
1,058 
1,045 

5&3 
1,088 

459 
1,966 

166 
132 

57 
512 

91 

72 
171 

65 

662 

477 

2,537 

154.7 

208.1 
266.5 
348.8 
217.8 
344.6 

360.5 
250.2 
191.8 

213.5 
174.0 
219.  8 

0-59    .t^ 

25217 

205.6 
230,4 
182.9 
85.2 
123.3 
150.4 
151.3 

206.3 
253.6 
416.1 
180.9 
142.4 
134.5 
109.1 
122.8 
112.4 

139.2 
106.1 
99.4 
117.2 

7.3.7 
132.5 

59.2 
104.6 

111.3 

94.3 
105.0 
139.0 
59.8 
83.9 
96.9 
221.7 

137.0 
165.3 
240.6 

248 
168 
150 
2,206 
267 
593 

4,461 

878 
2,527 

1,932 
672 
2,319 
1.111 
1,514 

S66 
S63 
1,403 
142 
129 
243 
534 

78 
677 
426 
691 
266 
435 
338 
623 
196 

735 
512 
4J4 
378 

152 
234 
440 
796 

212 
155 

30 
462 

60 
104 

66 

45 

609 

447 

1,279 

65.8 
77.7 
82.2 

133.3 
98.8 

105.2 

97.3 
68.2 
64.1 

79.4 
48.6 
79.6 
76.4 
125.3 

78.1 
75.2 
83.1 
44.7 
40.7 
38.7 
60.3 

75.4 
105.1 
269.5 
66.7 
41.3 
39.6 
45.0 
47.7 
49.7 

63.3 
46.4 
41.3 
41.7 

18.8 
28.0 
49.9 
39.5 

93.4 
83.5 
32.7 
107.3 
34.2 
87.7 
33.5 
85.6 

92.5 
116.3 

96.7 

261 
158 
120 
2,030 
223 
562 

4,069 

762 

1,972 

1,404 
598 

1,734 
863 

1,044 

559 

648 

1,376 

82 

75 

168 

371 

49 
596 
171 
543 
229 
481 
308 
489 
129 

492 
420 
387 
317 

103 
257 
303 
683 

66 
48 
12 
260 
24 
31 
37 
11 

275 
143 
710 

71  4 

New  Hampshire 

73  7 

69.2 

Massachusetts 

118  6 

81.9 

Connecticut 

102  0 

Middle  .\-tlantic: 

New  York 

89  8 

60.9 

Pennsylvania 

53  0 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

45.4 

Illinois 

63.7 

92.8 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

57  8 

Iowa 

60  2 

85  7 

North  Dakota 

31  6 

South  Dakota 

28.1 

Nebraska 

29  8 

46  1 

South  Atlantic: 

48.6 

Marvland 

91  S 

98.8 

52  9 

West  Virginia 

39  7 

43.4 

South  Carolina 

40  3 

37.5 

Florida 

36  0 

East  South  Central: 

43.6 

Tennessee 

38  8 

36.4 

Mississippi 

35.6 

West  Sodth  Central: 

13.  S 

31.3 

39.1 

Texas 

36  4 

Mountain: 

Montana 

44  2 

34.3 

22.1 

Colorado 

70.6 

15.8 

Arizona 

36  1 

21.0 

Nevada 

37.5 

Pacific: 

56.9 

Oregon 

49.6 

67.3 

ILLITERACY. 


45 


ILLITEKACY. 

The  term  "illiterate"  as  used  ia  this  report  signifies 
inability  to  write,  and  the  "percentage  of  illiteracy" 
means  in  general  the  percentage  wliich  the  illiterates 
10  years  of  age  or  over  form  of  the  total  number  of 
persons  above  that  age.  Of  the  187,737  persons  10 
years  of  age  or  over  enumerated  in  hospitals  for  the 
insane  on  January  1,  1910,  35,959,  or  19.2  per  cent, 
were  reported  as  illiterate;  and  of  the  60,711  persons 
10  years  of  age  or  over  admitted  to  such  hospitals  in 
1910,  6,901,  or  11.4  per  cent,  were  reported  as  illit- 
erate. In  the  general  population  10  years  of  age  or 
over  the  percentage  of  illiteracy  in  1910  was  7.7. 
There  is  therefore  a  considerably  greater  degree  of 
illiteracy  among  the  insane  than  in  the  general  popu- 
lation. This  is  a  condition  which  will  probably  ex- 
cite no  surprise,  as  it  is  to  be  expected  that  illiteracy 
would  be  more  common  in  a  mentally  defective  class 
than  in  the  general  population.  In  so  far  as  the  in- 
sane in  hospitals  include  representatives  of  the  class 
kno^vn  as  feeble  minded,  it  should  be  remembered  that 
feeble-mindedness  is  usually  a  congenital  defect  which 
frequently,  although  not  invariably,  involves  such  a 
degree  of  mental  incapacity  as  precludes  the  possibility 
of  learning  to  read  or  Avrite.  The  acquired  forms  of 
insanity,  however,  do  not  ordinarily  develop  before 
adult  life  and  therefore  should  not  interfere  with  the 
acquisition  of  an  elementary  education. 

TNTiether  insanity  is  in  any  degree  promoted  by 
illiteracy  is  at  least  doubtful.  It  may  be  more  cor- 
rect to  say  that  it  is  to  some  extent  associated  with 
iUiteracy  rather  than  caused  by  it.  By  this  it  is 
meant  that  the  conditions  of  life  under  which  chil- 
dren grow  up  without  learning  to  read  or  ^vrite  are 
conditions  which  may  be  in  some  degree  conducive  to 
the  development  of  insanity. 

It  might  be  suggested  that  the  fact  of  a  high  per- 
centage of  iUiteracy  among  the  insane  could  be  at 
least  partly  explained  by  the  age  composition  of  that 
class,  because,  in  general,  iDiteracy  is  greater  in  the 
older  age  groups  than  in  the  younger,  and  the  insane 
in  hospitals  include  a  relatively  large  proportion  of 
old  people.  A  study  of  the  statistics,  however,  indi- 
cates that  in  this  connection  the  influence  of  the  fac- 
tor of  age  is  small  and  does  not  go  far  toward  explain- 
ing the  high  percentage  of  iUiteracy  among  the  insane 
as  compared  ^vith  the  general  population. 

Table  43  gives  the  number  and  percentage  of 
iUiterates  among  the  insane  in  hospitals,  classified 
by  race  and  nativity. 

The  negro  insane  have  a  higher  percentage  of  iUit- 
eracy than  any  of  the  other  classes  distinguished  in 
tliis  table.  The  foreign-bom  white  insane  have  a 
higher  percentage  of  illiteracy  than  the  native  white, 
and  the  native  white  insane  of  native  parentage  a 
higher  percentage  than  the  native  white  of  foreign  or 
mixed  parentage.  The  rank  of  these  several  classes 
in  respect  to  illiteracy  is  the  same  for  the  insane 


enumerated  on  January  1  as  it  is  for  the  insane  ad- 
mitted during  the  year.  The  order  is  also  the  same 
as  it  is  for  these  several  classes  in  the  general  pop- 
ulation, thus  indicating  that  iUiteracy  among  the 
insane,  as  would  be  expected,  reflects  the  iUiteracy  of 
the  community  (see  Table  44). 


Table  43 

DJSAh-E  IN  HOSPITALS  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER:  1910. 

RACE  AND  NATIVITY. 

Number. 

Percent. 

Total. 

Liter- 
ate. 

Illiter- 
ate. 

Liter- 
acy un- 
known. 

Liter- 
ate. 

niit- 

erate. 

Liter- 
acy un- 
known. 

ENOMEEATED  ON  JANTJAET  1. 

United  States,  total.. 

187,73?' 

142,315 

35,959 

9,463 

75.8 

19.2 

6.0 

\VTiite 

174, 179 

137, 153 

28,081 

8,945 

78.7 

18.1 

5.1 

Native 

115,358 
67,505 
28,176 
19,677 
54,096 
4,725 

12,902 
656 

94,896 
56,411 
24,863 
13,622 
40, 452 
1,805 

4,761 
401 

16,689 
10,331 
2,966 
3,372 
10,224 
1,188 

7,687 
191 

3,793 
763 
347 
2,683 
3,420 
1,732 

454 
64 

82.3 
83.6 
88.2 
69.2 

74.8 
38.2 

36.9 
61.1 

14.4 
15.3 
10.5 
17.1 
18.9 
25.1 

59.6 
29.1 

3  3 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 
Parentage  unknown. 

1.1 

1.2 

13.6 

6.3 

Nativity  unknown 

Negro 

36.7 
3.5 

9.8 

ADMITTED 

JUKING  THE  YEAR. 

United  States,  total.. 

60,711 

51,181 

6,901 

2,629 

84.3      11.4 

4.3 

White 

56, 128 

49,018 

4,861 

2,249 

87.3 

8.7 

4.0 

Native 

39,576 
24,497 
10,678 

4,401 
15,522 

1,030 

4.380 
203 

35, 649 
22,226 
9,908 
3,515 
12,820 
549 

2,058 
115 

2,721 

1,822 

506 

393 

1,992 

148 

1,959 
81 

1,206 
449 
264 
493 
710 
333 

363 
17 

90.1 
90.7 
92.8 
79.9 
82.6 
53.3 

47.0 
56.7 

6.9 
7.4 
4.7 
8.9 
12.8 
14.4 

44.7 
39.9 

3.0 

Native  parentage. . . . 
Foreign  ormixedpar. 
Parentage  unknown . 
Foreign  bom 

1.8 
2.5 
11.2 
4.6 

Nativity  unknown 

32.3 
8.3 

other  colored 

8.4 

The  percentage  of  iUiteracy,  as  already  noted,  is 
much  higher  among  the  insane  enumerated  on  Janu- 
ary 1  than  among  those  admitted  during  the  year. 
The  latter  class,  representing  for  the  most  part  recent 
cases  of  insanity,  reflect  current  conditions  in  the  gen- 
eral population,  while  the  insane  enumerated,  many 
of  whom  have  been  in  hospitals  for  several  years, 
reflect  to  a  greater  extent  the  conditions  that  existed 
in  the  past.  In  the  general  population,  illiteracy 
steadily  declines,  each  generation  growing  up  less 
iUiteratc  than  its  predecessor.  Consequently  there  is 
more  iUiteracy  in  the  older  generations  than  in  the 
younger,  and  when  the  population  at  any  given  date 
is  classified  by  age  the  percentage  of  iUiteracy  increases 
regularly  from  the  younger  age  groups  to  the  older. 
Therefore  the  fact  that  the  insane  enumerated  on  Jan- 
uary 1  were,  as  a  class,  older  and  had  been  insane  a 
longer  time  than  the  insane  admitted  during  the  year 
furnishes  a  partial  explanation  of  the  fact  that  the 
percentage  of  iUiteracy  is  higher  for  the  former  than 
for  the  latter.  The  difference,  however,  appears  to  be 
too  great  to  be  fuUy  explained  by  the  difference  in  age. 

Table  44  gives  for  comparison  the  percentages  of 
ilUteracy  in  the  general  population  by  race  and  na- 
tivity, in  connection  with  the  corresponding  percent- 
ages for  the  insane. 


46 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  44 


RACE   .4ND  NATIVITY. 


Total. 


White. 


Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage.. 
Foreign  born 


Negro. 


PER  CENT  OF  ILLITERACY:   1910. 


Among  the  insane  in 
hospitals. 


Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1. 


19.2 


16.1 


14.4 
15.3 
10.5 
18.9 

59.6 


Admitted 

during 

the  year. 


11.4 

8.7 


7.4 
4.7 
12.8 

44.7 


In  the 
general 
popula- 
tion. 


7.7 


5.0 

3.0 
3.7 
1.1 

12.7 

30.4 


For  each  of  the  classes  distinguished  in  the  above 
table  the  percentage  of  ilhteracy  was  much  liigher 
among  the  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  Jan- 
uary 1,  1910,  than  it  was  in  the  general  population. 
For  the  insane  admitted  during  the  year  it  was  not 
as  high  as  for  those  present  on  January  1,  but  was 
still  considerably  higher  than  it  was  in  the  general 
population  except  in  the  case  of  the  foreign-born 
white,  for  which  class  the  percentage  was  practically 
the  same  for  the  admissions  as  it  was  in  the  total 
population  of  the  United  States.  This  would  indi- 
cate that  the  illiterate  immigrants  did  not  in  pro- 
portion to  their  numbers  contribute  more  inmates  to 
the  insane  asylums  in  1910  than  the  literate.  Com- 
paring the  figures  by  geographic  divisions  (see  Table 
45)  it  will  be  found,  however,  that  the  differences  are 
by  no  means  uniformly  one  way. 

As  regards  the  native  white  the  percentage  of  illit^ 
eracy  in  1910  was  in  every  geographic  division  higher 
among  the  insane  in  hospitals  than  in  the  general 
population,  and  this  is  true  whether  the  comparison 
is  based  on  the  insane  enumerated  on  January  1  or  on 
the  admissions  during  the  year.  The  same  statement 
holds  good  also  of  the  negroes  in  every  division  where 
there  were  enough  insane  negroes  in  hospitals  to  justify 
showing  a  percentage.  As  regards  the  foreign-born 
white,  however,  there  is  not  the  same  uniformity.  In 
the  Middle  Atlantic,  the  South  Atlantic,  and  the  West 
South  Central  divisions  the  percentage  of  illiteracy 
was  higher  for  the  total  foreign-born  wlaite  population 
than  it  was  for  the  foreign-bom  whites  admitted  to 
hospitals  for  the  insane;  but  that  was  not  the  case  in 
any  of  the  other  divisions.  The  reasons  for  these  vari- 
ations are  not  at  all  obvious.  They  may  have  to  do 
with  the  differences  in  the  racial  composition  of  the 


foreign-born  population,  which  is  by  no  means  homo- 
geneous, being  made  up  of  various  nationalities  which 
differ  greatly  in  their  degree  of  ilhteracy  and  also  in  the 
percentage  of  insanity.  The  fact  that  the  foreign- 
born  population  of  the  Middle  Atlantic  division,  for 
instance,  is  15.6  per  cent  German,  according  to  country 
of  birth,  18.4  per  cent  Russian,  16.2  per  cent  Italian, 
and  loss  than  1  per  cent  French  Canadian,  while  the 
foreign-born  population  of  New  England  is  only  3.9 
per  cent  German,  9.8  per  cent  Itahan,  and  10.6  per 
cent  Russian,  as  compared  with  15.2  per  cent  French 
Canadian,  may  have  something  to  do  \vith  the  fact 
that  in  the  one  division  the  percentage  of  ilhteracy 
is  liigher  and  in  the  other  lower  for  the  foreign-born 
white  population  than  it  is  for  the  foreign-born  white 
insane  admitted  to  hospitals.  The  relationsliip  be- 
tween these  facts  would,  however,  be  very  difficult, 
probably  impossible,  to  establish  on  the  basis  of  any 
available  data. 


Table  45 

PEE  CENT  OF  ILUTEBACY:    1910. 

DIVISION. 

Among  the 
insane  in 
hospitals. 

In  the 
general 

lation. 

Among  the 
insane  in 
hospitals. 

In  the 

Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1. 

Ad- 
mitted 
during 

the 
year. 

Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1. 

Ad- 
mitted 
during 
the 
year. 

general 
lation. 

ALL  CLASSES. 

NATIVE  WHITE. 

United  States 

19.2 

11.4 

7.7 

14.4 

6.9 

3.0 

New  England 

18.3 

15.5 
15.7 
13.8 
32.4 
34.8 
36.0 
17.3 
11.5 

9.6 
8.0 
8.1 
8.3 
22.4 
24.9 
15.2 
12.9 
8.5 

5.3 
5.7 
3.4 
2.9 
16.0 
17.4 
13.2 
6.9 
3.0 

13.4 
10.7 
14.0 
12.5 
19.2 
23.7 

5.9 
3.9 
5.9 
6.1 
10,0 
17.fi 

0.9 

1.0 

East  North  Central. . 

1.4 

1.4 

South  Atlantic 

7.6 
9.2 

West  South  Central 

26.4 

9.0 

5.8 

16.  8           9.  4 
8.2           3.2 

2.9 

0.4 

rOREIGN-BOEN 

WHITE. 

NEGRO. 

United  States 

IS.  9 

12.8 

12.7 

59.6         44  7 

30.4 

New  England 

25.8 
20.7 
17.0 
13.0 
18.3 
14.5 
32.4 
15.3 
14.5 

15.4 
13.6 
11.2 
7.7 
11.6 
(') 
14.8 
18.1 
14.1 

13.8 
15.8 
10.1 

7.6 
13.5 

9.7 
25.6 
12.5 

8.0 

29.6 
.35.4 
39.2 
41.5 
68.4 
67.5 
68.5 
(') 
(') 

22.5 
17.1 
32.9 
42.3 

63.4 

46.4 

63.9 

(') 

(') 

7.8 

Middle  Atlantic 

7.9 

11.0 

West  North  (^entral 

14.9 

32.5 

East  South  Central  

34.8 

33.1 

Mountain                 

8.0 

6.3 

1  Percent  not  shown  where  base  is  less  than  100. 

Table  46  gives,  by  geographic  divisions,  the  percent- 
age of  illiteracy  among  the  insane,  classified  by  race 
and  nativity,  together  wth  the  percentage  of  ilhteracy 
for  the  same  classes  in  the  general  population. 


MARITAL  CONDITION. 


47 


Table  46 


DIVISION,   AND  RACE  AND 
NATIVITY. 


UNITED  STATES. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  born 

Negro 

New  England. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

Middle  Atlantic. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

East  Noeth  Central. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

West  North  Central. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  bora 

Negro 


insane  in  hospitals  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND 

over:  1910. 


Enumerated  on  Jan. 
1:  Percent — 


Liter- 
ate. 


7S.7 
82.3 
S3.  6 
83.2 
74.8 
36.9 


SO.O 


80.3 
85.6 
86.6 
87.3 
71.8 
67.5 


77.0 


77.6 
S3. 4 
88.5 
88.8 
70.8 
56.4 


84.8 
84.4 
88.4 
78.7 
58.4 


79.2 


80.3 
82.1 
85.7 
87.  S 
80.0 
44.9 


111  iter 
ate. 


19.2 


Liter- 
acy 
mi- 
known 


16.1 
14.4 
15.3 

10.5 
18.9 
59.6 


18.3 


18.1 
13.4 
13.0 
12.2 
25.8 
29.6 


15.5 


14.9 
10.7 
10.4 
9.8 
20.7 
35.4 


15.: 


15.1 
14.0 
15.2 
10.5 
17.0 
39.2 


13.  S 


12.9 
12.5 
11.2 
10.2 
13.0 
41.5 


5.1 
3.3 
LI 
1.2 
6.3 
3.5 


1.7 
1.0 
0.4 
0.5 
2.3 
2.9 


7.5 
5.9 
L2 
L4 

8.5 
8.2 


4.0 
1.2 
0.5 
1.0 
4.3 
2.5 


7.0 


6.9 
5.5 
3.2 
2.0 
7.0 
13.6 


Admitted  during  the 
year:  Percent — 


Liter- 1  Illiter 
ate.       ate. 


84.3 


87.3 
90.1 
90.7 
92.8 
82.6 
47.0 


87.4 


87.7 
92.7 
92.8 
93.5 
79.8 
68.6 


87.7 


8S.0 
92.8 
93.2 
93.7 
SLl 
77.4 


88.6 


89.3 
92.2 
93.6 
93.3 

85.4 
63.2 


9.2 


90.7 
92.5 
93.3 
93.9 
89.7 
51.2 


11.4 


8.7 
6.9 
7.4 
4.7 
12.8 
44.7 


9.4 
5.9 
5.  7 
5.6 
15.4 
22.5 


8.0 


7.7 
3.9 
4.0 
3.5 
13.6 
17.1 


8.1 


7.5 
5.9 
5.6 
5.7 
11.2 
32.9 


8.3 


7.0 
6.1 
5.9 
5.3 

7.7 
42.3 


Liter- 
acy 
un- 
known. 


4.0 
3.0 
1.8 
2.5 
4.6 
8.3 


3.0 


2.9 
1.4 
1.5 
0.9 
4.8 
8.8 


4.3 


4.3 
3.3 
2.S 
2.8 
5.3 
5.S 


3.2 


3.2 
1.9 
0.8 
1.0 
3.4 
3.9 


2.5 


2.3 
1.4 
0.8 
0.8 
2.6 
6.5 


Per- 
cent- 
age 
of  il- 
liter- 
acy 
in  the 
gen- 
eral 
popu- 
lation. 


5.0 
3.0 
3.7 
1.1 
12.7 
30.4 


5.2 
0.9 
0.7 
1.3 


5.6 
1.0 
L2 
0.8 
15.8 
7.9 


3.4 


3.2 
1.4 
1.7 
0.9 
10.1 
11.0 


:.9 


2.5 
1.4 
L7 

0.7 
7.6 
14.9 


DmSION,    and  race   AND 

nativity. 


South  Atlantic. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage , 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  born 

Negro 

East  South  Central. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  born 

Negro 

West  South  Central. 

Total 

\Vhite 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  born 

Negro 

Mountain. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

Pacific. 

Total 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par. 

Foreign  born 

Negro 


INSANE  IN  hospitals  10  TEAR  S  OF  AGE  AND 

over:  1910 


Enumerated  on  Jan. 
1:  Per  cent — 


Liter- 
ate. 


64.8 


77.5 
78.7 
80.5 
87.1 
79.5 
29.8 


62.1 


73.8 
73.8 
73.0 

89.7 
81.6 
28.7 


62.8 


70.2 
72.8 
74.8 
81.7 
65.7 
30.8 


79.2 


,80.0 
81.4 
83.0 
79.2 
80.4 
(') 


80.0 


80.4 
86.5 
91.5 
9L5 
75.6 
(') 


Illiter- 
ate. 


32.4 


19.4 
19.2 
19.0 
12.8 
18.3 
68.4 


34.8 


23.3 
23.7 
24.5 
8.9 
14.5 
67.5 


36.0 


28.4 
26.4 
24.8 
16.7 
32.4 
68.5 


17.3 


16.6 
16.8 
16.7 
18.8 
1.5.3 
(') 


11.5 


11.2 

8.2 
7.5 
6.9 
14.5 
(>) 


Liter- 
acy 
un- 
known. 


3.1 
2.1 
0.5 
0.1 
2.2 
1.8 


Admitted  during  the 
year:  Per  cent — 


Liter- 
ate. 


Illiter- 
ate, 


22.4 


87.3 
87.9 
88.3 
96.7 
84.4 
43.8 


3.1       67.4 


2.9 
2.5 
2.5 
L4 
3.9 
3.8 


1.4 
0.9 
0.4 
1.6 
1.3 
0.8 


3.5 


3.4 
1.8 
0.3 
2.1 
4.3 
C) 


8.5 


8.3 
5.3 
1.0 
1.6 

10.0 

(') 


79.1 
79.1 
80.7 
95.2 
(') 
33.8 


87.8 
90.3 
81.6 
81.3 
34.7 


79.7 
85.2 
87. 1 
9.5.2 
73.4 
(') 


78.4 


79.5 
80.6 
85.4 
76.1 
80.4 
(') 


10.1 
10.0 
10.4 
2.8 
11.6 
53.4 


24.9 


17.4 
17.6 
17.5 
4.8 
(') 
46.4 


15.2 


9.8 
9.0 
.8.9 
11.0 
14.8 
53.9 


12.9 


12.5 
9.4 

11.8 
4.2 

18.1 

(') 


8.5 


7.5 
3.2 
3.1 
2.8 
14.1 
(') 


Liter- 
acy 
un- 
known 


2.6 
2.1 
1.3 
0.5 
4.0 
2.8 


3.5 
3.2 
1.8 


19.  ( 


4.3 


3.4 
3.1 
0.9 
4.4 
3.9 
11.4 


5.4 
1.1 
0.6 
8.5 

C) 


13.1 


13.0 
16.3 
11.5 
21.1 
5.6 

C) 


Per 
cent- 
age 
of  il- 
liter- 
acy 
In  the 
gen- 
eral 
popu- 
lation . 


16.0 


7.8 
7.6 
8.0 
1.2 
13.5 
32.5 


17.4 


9.2 
9.2 
9.6 
1.7 
9.7 
34.8 


13.2 


7.2 
5.8 
5.6 
7.7 
25.6 
33.1 


6.9 


5.0 
2.9 
3.6 
1.2 

12.5 
8.0 


3.0 


2.4 
0.4 
0.4 
0.5 
8.0 
6.3 


■  Percentage  not  shown  where  base  is  less  than  100. 


MARITAL    CONDITION. 


In  the  following  table  the  insane  in  hospitals  are 
classified  by  marital  condition  and  sex : 


Table  4T. 

INSANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 

MARITAL  CONDITION. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

.Admitted  during 
the  year. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total..              .  . 

98,695 

89,096 

34  116           56  6.«i.^ 

Single... 

62,683 

26,047 

5,405 

1,040 

3,520 

37,115 

35,975 

12,672 

1,368 

1,966 

1        16,501 

13,379 

2,588 

527 

1,121 

8  907 

Married 

12,839 

Widowed 

3  949 

459 

Compared  with  the  total  adult  population  the  insane 
in  hospitals  comprise  a  largo  percentage  of  single 
persons  and  a  small  percentage  of  married.  The  con- 
trast for  each  se.x  is  shown  by  Table  48. 

The  difference  as  regards  marital  condition  between 
the  insane  and  the  general  population  is  most  striking 
for  males.     Of  the  male  insane  in  hospitals  on  January 


1,  1910,  63.5  j)er  cent  were  single,  while  of  the  total 
male  population  over  15  years  of  age  only  38.7  per 
cent  were  single;  of  the  former,  26.4  per  cent  were 
married  and  of  the  latter,  55.8  per  cent.  The  difference 
in  age  between  the  two  classes  emphasizes  this  con- 
trast as  regards  marital  condition.  Of  the  male  insane 
enumerated  75  per  cent  were  over  35  years  of  age — 
that  is  to  say,  that  proportion  had  reached  the  period 
of  life  in  which  the  majority  of  men  have  entered  the 
married  state;  of  the  total  male  population  15  years  of 
age  and  over,  on  the  other  hand,  only  about  47  per 
cent  were  above  35.  Therefore,  so  far  as  the  factor  of 
age  is  concerned,  the  insane  should  normally  comprise 
a  larger  percentage  of  married  men  and  a  smaller  per- 
centage of  single  men  than  the  total  adult  male  popu- 
lation. In  fact,  if  in  each  age  group  the  percentages 
married  and  single  for  the  male  insane  present  in  hos- 
])itals  on  January  1,  1910,  had  been  the  same  as  they 
were  for  the  total  male  population  of  the  same  age,  the 
total  number  of  single  males  among  the  insane  would 
have  been  only  19,741  instead  of  62,683,  and  the  per- 
centage single  would  have  been  only  20.4  instead  of 


48 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


63.5.  This  measures,  roughly  speaking,  the  differ- 
ence between  insane  and  normal  men  as  regards  mar- 
ital condition,  the  insane  in  this  comparison  being 
represented  by  those  present  in  hospitals  on  a  given 
day. 


Table  48 

PEE  CENT  DISTBIBtmoN  BY  MARITAL  CONDITION. 

MAEITAL 

Male 
adult 
popu- 
lation. 

Male  insane. 

Female 
adult 
popu- 
lation. 

Female  Insane. 

CONDITION. 

In  hos- 
pitals 
Jan.  1, 
1910. 

.Admitted 
to  hos- 
pitals 
in  1910. 

In  hos- 
pitals 
Jan.  1, 
1910. 

Admitted 
to  hos- 
pitals 
in  1910. 

Total 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

3S.7 
55.8 
4.5 
0.5 
0.5 

63.5 

26.4 

5.5 

1.1 

3.0 

48.4 
39.2 
7.6 
1.5 
3.3 

29.7 
68.9 
10.6 
0.6 
0.2 

41.7 
40.4 
14.2 
1.5 
2.2 

33.4 

Married  . 

48  2 

Widowed 

11.8 

Divorced. .. . 

1  7 

UnKnown 

1.9 

The  large  percentage  of  single  persons  among  the 
insane  enumerated  on  January  1,  1910,  is  not  to  be 
interpreted  as  indicating  that  the  single  are  more 
liable  to  become  insane  than  the  married.  It  means 
rather  that  the  insane  as  compared  with  the  normal  are 
less  likely  to  marry.  Some  forms  of  insanity  act  as  a 
natural  barrier  to  marriage.  Moreover,  in  most  states 
the  marriage  of  an  insane  person  is  prohibited  b}^  law, 
and  the  probability  is  that  most  of  the  insane  who  have 
been  married  were  married  before  insanity  developed. 

The  contrast  between  the  insane  and  the  general 
population  as  regards  marital  condition  is  not  as 
marked  for  females  as  it  is  for  males,  but  the  per- 
centage single  is  nevertheless  appreciably  higher  among 
the  female  insane  present  in  hospitals  than  in  the  total 
adult  female  population — 41.7  per  cent  as  compared 
with  29.7  per  cent.  That  the  percentage  single  is 
smaller  for  females  than  for  males  both  among  the 
insane  and  in  the  general  population  is  a  result  of  the 
fact  that  women  marry  at  a  younger  age  than  men, 
and  this  same  fact  is  probably  one  reason  why,  as  just 
noted,  the  difference  between  the  insane  and  the  gen- 
eral population  as  regards  the  percentage  who  are 
single  is  not  so  great  in  the  case  of  females  as  it  is  for 
males;  that  is  to  say,  since  women  marry  younger  than 
men,  they  are  more  hkely  than  men  to  marry  before 
they  reach  the  age  at  which  insanity  develops. 

The  percentage  single  was  much  smaller  among  the 
insane  admitted  to  hospitals  during  1910  than  it  was 
among  the  inmates  present  on  January  1.  Of  the 
males  admitted  48.4  per  cent  were  single,  as  compared 
with  63.5  per  cent  of  those  present  on  January  1;  of 
the  females  admitted  33.4  per  cent  were  single  and  of 
those  present  on  January  1,  41.7  per  cent.  On  first 
consideration  it  might  be  supposed  that  the  proportion 
single  would  be  smaller  among  the  inmates  present 
than  among  the  admissions  because  the  former,  many 
of  whom  have  been  in  hospitals  a  considerable  length 
of  time,  are  as  a  class  older  than  the  persons  just  ad- 
mitted; and  in  the  general  population  the  older  any 
group  is,  the  smaller  is  the  proportion  single  and  the 


larger  the  proportion  married,  or  wdowed  or  divorced. 
This  is  an  inevitable  result  of  the  obvious  fact  that  in 
the  general  population  as  each  generation  grows  older 
the  marriages  which  occur  reduce  the  number  of  single 
persons  and  add  to  the  number  who  are  or  have  been 
maiTied.  In  the  case  of  the  insane,  however,  marriages 
practically  cease  after  insanity  develops  and  absolutely 
so  after  admission  to  an  asylum;  so  that  the  principal 
influence  affectmg  the  proportion  married  or  single  is  the 
loss  by  deaths  and  discharges,  which  affect  aU  marital 
classes,  but  probably  in  different  degrees.  The  death 
rate  is  very  high  among  theinsanc,  anditis  notimprob- 
able  that  it  may  reduce  the  number  married  or  widowed 
faster  than  the  number  single,  for  the  reason  that  the 
former  are  older  than  the  latter;  in  so  far  as  that  is  the 
case  it  would  result  in  a  larger  percentage  of  single 
persons  among  the  inmates  present  on  a  given  day  than 
among  those  admitted. 

Table  49  gives  the  per  cent  distribution  by  marital 
condition  of  the  insane  in  each  geographic  division. 


Xable  49 

INSANE  m  hospitals:  1910. 

nn'isioN. 

Male:  Per  cent- 

Female:  Per  cent — 

Sin- 
gle. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Sin- 
gle. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

ENUMERATED  ON  JANUART  I. 

United  States 

63.5 

26.4 

5.5 

1.1 

41.7 

40.4 

14.2 

1.5 

63.7 
63.5 
59.9 
65.0 
65.2 
61.2 
62.4 
6S.3 
70.5 

27.6 
2S.2 
28. 0 
25.0 
24.9 
28.1 
28.1 
19.2 
17.4 

6.4 
6.7 
5.4 
5.1 
5.8 
5.3 
6.4 
4.2 
3.9 

1.2 
0.5 
1.7 
1.7 
0.5 
0.4 
0.4 
1.2 
1.4 

48.2 
45.1 
37.5 
38.9 
45.7 
38.9 
34.6 
28.2 
33.7 

35.2 
38.1 
42.7 
44.7 
37.7 
39.7 
46.6 
52.4 
44.0 

14.4 
15.1 
13.2 
12.4 
14.0 
15.1 
16.1 
13.3 
15.4 

1.6 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central... 
West  North  Central... 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central... 
West  South  Central... 
Mountain 

0.8 
2.4 
2.4 
0.7 
0.9 
1.1 
2.3 

Pacific 

3.2 

ADMITTED  DURING  THE  TEAR. 

United  States 

48.4 

39.2 

7.6 

1.5 

33.4 

48.2 

14.8 

1.7 

49.2 
48.4 
41.0 
50.2 
46.4 
44.7 
49.8 
55. 2 
59.9 

39.0 
41.1 
41.9 
38.2 
40.7 
40.1 
40.9 
30.7 
26.3 

8.7 
7.9 
7.0 
7.7 
8.9 
8.0 
5.5 
6.5 
5.9 

1.7 
0.8 
2.7 
1.8 
0.6 
0.6 
0.5 
2.4 
2.4 

39.5 
35.8 
30.4 
34.5 
34.1 
30.5 
26.6 
24.5 
27.0 

42.2 
45.7 
49.8 
48.4 
47.1 
60.9 
58.4 
60.1 
53.2 

15.4 

16.7 
14.1 
13.5 
16.4 
12.7 
11.4 
8.8 
14.5 

1.8 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central . . . 
West  North  Central... 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central... 
West  South  Central... 

1.0 
2.9 
2.2 
0.6 
1.1 
0.9 
2.9 

Pacific...               ..  .. 

2.8 

OCCUPATIONS. 

The  occupation  prior  to  admission  was  reported  for 
29,428  of  the  34,116  males  admitted  to  hospitals  for 
the  msane  in  the  year  1910  (see  Table  22,  p.  150).  The 
total  number  reported  included  6,058,  general  laborers 
or  "laborers  (not  otherwise  specified),"  5,406  farmers, 
and  1,399  agricultural  laborers.  These  are  the  three 
leading  occupations  and  account  for  more  than  two- 
fiftlis  of  the  total  number  of  males  for  whom  an  occu- 
pation was  returned.  The  number  classified  as  en- 
gaged in  agriculture,  forestry,  or  animal  husbandry  was 
7,335.  This  class  consists  principally  of  farmers  and 
agricultural  laborers  whose  numbers  have  just  been 
given.  In  manufacturing  and  mechanical  pursuits  the 
number  was  nearly  the  same,  being  7,048.     In  trans- 


CITY  AND  COUNTRY. 


49 


portation  it  was  1,589;  in  trade,  2,568;  in  public  serv- 
ice, 410;  in  professional  service,  1 ,271 ;  and  in  domestic 
and  personal  service,  1,350. 

In  a  general  way  the  occupational  classification  of 
the  male  insane  will  correspond  to  that  of  the  total 
male  population.  Occupations  represented  by  large 
numbers  in  the  general  population  will  naturally  be 
leading  occupations  for  the  insane,  and  similarly  the 
occupations  of  minor  importance  vnll  be  the  same  in 
botli  classifications.  Any  distinctive  features  which 
may  differentiate  the  occupational  classification  of  the 
male  insane  from  that  of  the  total  male  population 
can  not,  at  least  without  further  question,  be  accepted 
as  a  proof  that  certain  occupations  are  more  likely  to 
bring  on  insanity  than  others.  The  occupational  dis- 
tribution of  the  insane  is  no  doubt  afliected  by  their 
geographic  distribution,  by  the  fact  that  aa  compared 
with  the  total  population  a  larger  proportion  of  the 
insane  come  from  cities  and  industrial  centers  and  a 
smaller  proportion  fi-om  the  rural  and  agricultural  dis- 
tricts, by  the  fact  that  as  a  class  they  comprise  rela- 
tively fewer  young  people  and  more  old  people,  or  by 
other  causes  which  are  either  quite  independent  of  oc- 
cupational influences  or  have  only  a  remote  or  indirect 
connection  with  them.  This  is  not  to  deny  that  occu- 
pations may  have  a  direct  influence  on  the  liability  to 
insanity.  No  doubt  they  do;  but  the  influence  is  too 
obscure  and  too  much  complicated  by  other  factors  to 
be  revealed  by  any  study  or  analysis  of  available  occu- 
pational statistics. 

Of  the  26,653  female  insane  admitted  to  hospitals 
in  the  year  1910,  7,061,  or  26.5  per  cent,  were  re- 
ported as  having  had  an  occupation  prior  to  admission 
(see  p.  153).  This  does  not  include  the  women  re- 
ported as  doing  housework  at  home.  For  3,030  the 
occupation  returned  was  that  of  domestic  servant; 
565  were  reported  as  housekeepers  or  stewardesses; 
590,  as  clothing  makers;  and  414,  as  teachers,  profes- 
sors, or  school  principals. 

CITY   AND   COUNTRY. 

At  the  census  of  1910  the  insane  admitted  to  hos- 
pitals were  for  the  first  time  classified  with  reference 
to  the  size  or  population  of  the  places  from  which  they 
came,  the  basis  of  classification  being  the  answers  to 
two  questions  on  the  schedules,  one  askmg  whether 
the  insane  person  came  from  ' '  a  distinctly  rural  com- 
munity" and  the  other  asking  for  the  name  of  the 
village,  to\vn,  or  city  from  wliich  he  came,  in  case  he 
did  not  come  from  a  rural  community.  In  tabulating 
the  returns  on  this  subject  incorporated  places  having 
a  population  of  less  than  2,500  were  included  m  the 
same  class  with  the  distbictly  rural  communities,  in 
order  that  the  classification  might  agree  with  that 
which  the  Bureau  of  the  Census  apphcd  to  the  general 
population  of  the  United  States.  Table  50  summa- 
rizes the  statistics  and  also  shows  the  distribution  of 

27G22°— 14 ■} 


the  total  population  of  the  United  States  among  the 
different  classes  of  communities. 


Table  50 

Total 

population: 

1910. 

INSANE  ADMITTED 

TO   HOSPITALS: 

1910. 

CLASS  OF  COMMUNITIES. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Total 

91,972,266 

60,769 

66.1 

42,623,383 

36,654 

86.0 

Cities  of— 

500,000  and  over 

11,511,841 
8,790,297 
4,178,915 
4,062.763 
5,609,208 
8,470,359 

43,348,883 

11,829 
7,901 
3,228 
3,515 
4,239 
5,942 

20,442 

3,673 

102.8 

100,000  to  500,000 

89.9 

50,000  to  100,000 

77.2 

25,000  to  50,001) 

86.  S 

10,000  to  25 ,oon 

75.6 

2,500  to  10,000 

70.2 

Rural  comniunlties  .                               

41.4 

Not  reported 

Of  the  60,769  persons  admitted  to  insane  asylums  in 
1910,  20,442  came  from  rural  communities  and  36,654 
from  places  having  2,500  or  more  inhabitants,  while  for 
3,673  the  place  of  residence  was  not  reported.  From 
rural  commimities,  including  all  incorporated  places  of 
less  than  2,500  inhabitants,  the  ratio  of  admissions  was 
41.4  per  100,000  population;  from  cities,  comprising  all 
incorporated  places  having  more  than  2,500  inhabitants, 
the  ratio  was  more  than  twice  as  high,  being  86  per 
100,000.  The  number  of  insane  coming  from  the  class 
of  smallest  cities — those  having  from  2,500  to  10,000 
inhabitants — is  equivalent  to  a  ratio  of  70.2  per  100,000 
persons  livmg  m  those  cities ;  and  with  one  interruption 
the  ratio  regularly'  advances  with  the  increasing  size  of 
the  cities  which  make  up  the  several  classes  until  it 
reaches  the  maximum  of  102.8  per  100,000  for  the  class 
of  largest  cities — those  haxang  more  than  500,000 
inhabitants. 

Table  51  gives  the  ratios  of  admissions  from  urban 
and  rural  communities  by  geographic  divisions. 


Table  51 

raSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

DIVI.SION. 

From  urban 
communities. 

From  nii'al 
communities. 

Prior 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 
100.000 
popula- 
tion. 

dence 
not  re- 
ported. 

United  States                 

36,654 

86.0 

20, 442 

41.4 

3,673 

New  England 

5,804 
11,857 
8,132 
2,898 
2,968 
1,058 
1,096 
924 
1,917 

106,4 
86,4 
84,6 
74.8 
96.0 
67.2 
56,0 
97.5 
80,5 

1,009 
2,548 
4,608 
3,856 
3,040 
2,264 
1,758 
549 
810 

91,9 
45,6 
53.4 
49.7 
33.4 
33,1 
25.8 
32.6 
44.8 

173 

Middle  Atlantic 

264 

451 

West  North  Central                 

705 

South  Atlantic 

717 

E'lst  Sout  h  Central                 

353 

114 

1.50 

736 

1 

In  every  division  tliti  ratio  of  admissions  to  the  total 
population  is  decidedly  higher  for  the  urban  than  for 
the  nu"al  population,  and  in  most  divisions  the  contrast 
in  this  respect  between  urban  and  rural  communities  is 


50 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


nearly  or  quite  as  marked  as  it  is  for  the  country  as  a 
whole.  The  difference  is  very  marked  in  the  South  and 
West.  It  is  least  marked  in  New  England,  partly, 
perhaps,  because  for  that  division  the  census  distinc- 
tion between  urban  and  rural  communities  is  made  on 
a  somewhat  different  basis  from  that  employed  for 
other  sections  of  the  United  States,  the  result  being 
that  the  "urban"  areas  of  New  England  include  a  con- 
siderable population  which  in  other  sections  would  be 
classified  as  rural. ^ 

Table  52  shows  the  ratio  of  admissions  per  100,000 
population  for  rural  cormuunities  and  classes  of  cities 
by  geographic  divisions.  In  five  of  the  geogi-aphic 
divisions  the  ratio  is  highest  for  the  class  of  largest 
cities — those  having  over  100,000  mhabitants.  In  the 
West  North  Central,  West  South  Central,  and  Pacific 
divisions,  however,  the  highest  ratio  is  that  for  cities 
of  from  50,000  to  100,000  mhabitants,  and  in  the  East 
South  Central  it  is  that  for  cities  of  from  10,000  to 
50,000.  With  one  exception,  appearing  in  New  Eng- 
land, the  ratio  is  invariably  lower  in  rural  communities 
than  it  is  in  any  of  the  four  classes  of  cities. 


Table  52 

insane  admitted  to  hospitals  pek  100,000 
population:  1910. 

From  urban  communities. 

DIVISIOK. 

Total. 

Cities  having  a  population  of— 

From 
rural 
com- 

100,000 
and 
over. 

50.000 

to 
100,000. 

10.0  00 

to 
50,000. 

2.500 

to 
10.000. 

muni- 
ties. 

86.0 

97.2 

77.2 

80.2 

70.2 

106.4 
88.4 
84.6 
74.  S 
96.0 
67.2 
66.0 
97.5 
80.5 

148.7 
94.4 
90.4 
79.9 

116.  2 
72.4 
64.0 

180.4 
88.3 

94.1 
68.2 
69.0 
84.3 
88. 9 
60.1 
65.7 
46.4 
124.2 

97.2 
78.  7 
83.2 
72.0 
89.7 
75.  S 
45.5 
90.5 
53.2 

73.8 
69.5 
77.2 
66.0 
74.8 
64.7 
55.2 
66.9 
76.5 

Middle  Atlantic 

45  6 

53.4 

West  North  Central ... 

49  7 

South  Atlantic 

33.4 

33.1 

25.8 

32.6 

Pacific  ...         

44.8 

In  general,  these  statistics  indicate  that  there  is 
relatively  more  insanity  m  cities  than  in  country  dis- 
tricts and  in  large  cities  than  in  smaU  cities,  although 
to  some  extent  the  differences  may  be  accounted  for 
by  differences  between  city  and  country  as  regards  the 
tendency  to  place  cases  of  insanity  under  institutional 
care.  The  figures  may  also  be  affected  in  some  degree 
by  the  accident  of  the  location  of  the  hospitals  for  the 
insane.  Studies  made  in  New  York  state  show  that 
the  proportion  of  admissions  from  a  coimty  in  which  a 
hospital  is  located  is  always  greater  than  from  other 
counties  and  that  the  proportion  decreases  with  the 

'  The  reason  for  this  is  that  within  the  New  England  town,  which 
is  ordinarily  the  smallest  political  unit  in  that  section,  there  are  fre- 
quently included  one  or  more  unincorporated  villages  or  cities 
which  have  no  distinct  political  existence  or  definite  boundaries. 
Accordingly,  their  population  was  not  enumerated  separately  by 
the  census,  but  each  town  was  cla.ssified  as  urban  or  rural  with 
reference  to  its  aggregate  population. 


distance  from  the  hospitals.  The  influence  of  tliis 
factor  upon  the  comparison  between  city  and  country, 
however,  would  not  everywhere  be  uniform.  Whether 
it  tended  to  increase  the  ratio  of  admissions  from 
country  districts  or  that  from  city  districts  would 
depend  entirely  upon  the  location  of  the  hospitals. 
Probably  it  does  not  go  very  far  toward  explaining  the 
higher  ratio  of  admissions  from  the  urban  population. 

Sex. — The  following  table  gives  separately  the  num- 
ber of  males  and  females  admitted  to  hospitals  and 
also  the  ratio  of  admissions  from  each  class  of  com- 
munities per  100,000  population  of  the  same  sex. 

The  ratio  of  admissions  to  liospitals  for  the  insane 
is  higher  for  urban  than  for  rural  communities  for  both 
males  and  females,  and  the  difference  is  about  as 
marked  for  one  sex  as  for  the  other  (see  Table  53). 
It  follows  that  the  difference  between  the  sexes  with 
regard  to  this  ratio  is  about  as  marked  in  urban  com- 
munities as  it  is  in  rural,  the  one  statement  being  a 
corollary  of  the  other.  In  either  class  of  communities 
the  ratio  for  males  is  about  one-fourth  larger  than  that 
for  females;  and  for  either  sex  the  ratio  in  urban  com- 
munities is  rather  more  than  twice  as  high  as  it  is  in 
rural  communities. 


Table  53 

INSANE  ADMriTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

Male. 

Female. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
male  pop- 
ulation. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
female 
popula- 
tion. 

Total 

34,116 

72.1 

26,653 

59.7 

20,274 

94.3 

16,380 

77.5 

Cities  of— 

10, 718 
1,828 
4,417 
3,311 

11,673 
2,169 

104.7 
86.4 
90.8 
77.4 

45.2 

9,012 
1,400 
3,337 
2,631 

8,769 
1,504 

89.  S 

50,000  to  100.000  . 

67.8 

10,000  to  50,000 

69.4 

2,500  to  10,000 

62.7 

Rural  communities 

37.3 

.  .. 

In  the  several  geographic  divisions  this  relationship 
is  by  no  means  uniform,  or  the  same  as  it  is  for  the 
United  States  as  a  whole,  although  the  ratio  for  either 
sex  is  invariably  liigher  for  urban  than  for  rural  com- 
munities and  for  either  class  of  communities  is  invari- 
ably higher  for  males  than  for  females  (see  Table  54). 
New  England  comes  nearest  to  being  an  exception 
to  this  rule,  as  the  ratio  of  admissions  from  the  rural 
communities  of  that  division  is  only  slightly  higher 
for  males  than  for  females.  There  are,  however, 
several  geographic  divisions  besides  New  England  in 
which,  according  to  this  ratio,  the  contrast  between 
the  sexes  as  regards  admission  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  appears  to  be  less  marked  in  rural  than  in 
urban  communities,  this  being  the  case,  in  fact,  in 
all  divisions  east  of  the  Mississippi  except  the  Middle 
Atlantic. 


CITY  AND  COUNTRY. 


51 


Table  54 

INSANE  admitted  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

DIVISION   AND   SEX. 

From  urban 
communities. 

From  niral 
coinmunilies. 

Prior 

* 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

dence 
not  re- 
ported. 

United  Ptates: 

Male 

20,274 
16,380 

94.3 

77.5 

11,673 
8,709 

45.2 
37.3 

2,169 

Female  . .      .        

1,504 

New  England: 

Male 

2,995 
2,809 

6,2.10 
5,027 

4,693 
3,439 

1,615 
1,253 

1,655 
1,313 

633 
425 

560 
536 

62.5 
299 

1.238 
679 

111.1 

101.8 

90.5 
82.3 

96.1 
72.7 

83.1 
66.1 

110.4 
82.4 

82.8 
52.5 

56.9 
55.1 

124.2 
67.3 

95.2 
62.8 

527 
4S2 

1,463 
1,085 

2,563 
2,045 

2,263 
1,593 

1,6.33 
1,407 

1,224 
1,040 

1,002 
756 

429 
120 

569 
241 

92.7 
91.1 

49.9 
40.8 

66.9 
49.6 

55.0 
43.6 

35.2 
31.5 

35.2 
31.0 

28.1 
23.1 

44.0 
16.9 

53.4 
32.4 

110 

Female      

63 

Middle  Atlantic: 

Male         

173 

Female 

91 

East  North  Central: 

Male              

292 

159 

West  North  Centilu.: 

Male 

272 

Female  

433 

South  .\tlantic: 

Male 

442 

Female                      .          .  . 

275 

East  South  Central: 

Male                      

212 

151 

West  South  Central: 

Male 

60 

Female , .          

54 

Mountain: 

Male 

80 

Female                      

70 

Pacific: 

Male                

528 

208 

Race  and  nativity. — Table  55  gives,  by  race  and  na- 
tivity, the  ratio  of  admissions  from  urban  and  from 
rural  connnunities  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole. 


Table  55 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

RACE  AND  NATTVITT. 

From  urban 
communities. 

From  niral 
communities. 

Prior 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

residence 
not  re- 
ported. 

Total 

36,654 

86.0 

20,442 

41.4 

3,673 

Wliite. 

34,450 

86.5 

18,454 

44.0 

3,278 

Native , 

22, 2.i7 

73.7 

15,263 

284 

2,907 

1,923 
41 
24 

40.0 

2,109 

Nativity  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

423 
11,770 

2,098 

7 

99 

323 

122.2 

78.0 
58.7 
109.6 

78.4 

26.9 
16.2 
42.4 

846 

Negro       

363 

Indian       

3 

29 

For  each  race  or  nativity  class  the  ratio  is  much 
higher  for  urban  communities  than  for  rural.  The 
difference — measured  by  the  percentage  by  which  one 
ratio  exceeds  the  other — ^is  much  more  marked  for 
negroes  than  for  whites,  and  rather  more  marked  for 
the  native  whites  than  for  the  foreign-born  whites. 
Viewed  from  another  standpoint,  the  figures  show 
that  the  difference  between  the  negroes  and  whites 
as  regards  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  is  greater  in  rural  communities  than  in  urban, 
as  is  also  the  difference  in  this  respect  between  the 
native  and  the  foreign-born  whites. 


Table  56  gives,  for  the  native  white  and  foreign- 
born  white  insane,  the  number  and  ratio  of  admis- 
sions from  the  different  groups  of  cities  and  from 
rural  communities.  For  each  natitivy  class — the 
native  and  the  foreign  born — the  ratio  is  liighest  for 
the  group  of  largest  cities — those  having  over  100,000 
inhabitants — and  smallest  for  the  rural  districts;  and 
for  each  group  of  cities  the  ratio  of  admissions  is 
much  higher  for  the  foreign-born  than  for  the  native 
population,  the  difference  being  most  marked  for  the 
cities  of  largest  size,  from  which  the  ratio  of  admis- 
sions is  about  66  per  cent  larger  for  the  foreign-born 
white  than  it  is  for  the  native  white.  The  difference 
however,  is  still  more  marked  in  the  admissions  from 
the  rm-al  communities,  for  which  the  ratio  for  the 
foreign  born  is  nearly  twice  that  for  the  native. 


Table  66 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

CLASS   OP  COMMUNITIES. 

Native  white. 

Foreign-bom  while. 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 

popular 

tion. 

Total 

39,629 

57.9 

15,523 

116.3 

Urban  communities 

22, 257 

73.7 

11,770 

12^  2 

Cities  of— 

100,000  and  over 

10,734 
2,031 
5,218 
4,274 

15,263 
2,109 

80.1 
68.0 
72.6 
64.6 

40.0 

7,72:i 

922 

1,939 

1,186 

2,907 
846 

50,000  to  100,000 

103  8 

10,000  to  50,000 

2,500  to  10,000 

100  7 

Not  reported 

One  tlifficulty,  however,  about  all  comparisons  of 
this  kind  as  applied  to  the  United  States  as  a  whole  is 
that  the  urban  population  and  the  rural  are  very  dif- 
ferently distributed  over  the  territoiy  of  the  United 
States.  New  England  and,  the  Middle  Atlantic  divi- 
sions together  include  45  per  cent  of  the  total  urban 
population  of  the  United  States,  as  compared  ^vith 
only  13.5  per  cent  of  the  rural  population.  If  to 
these  two  di\Tsions  is  added  the  East  North  Central 
the  combined  area  includes  67.6  per  cent,  or  about  two- 
thii'ds,  of  the  urban  population,  but  only  31  per  cent, 
or  less  than  one-thnd,  of  the  rural  population.  The 
three  southern  divisions,  on  the  other  hand,  contain 
a  much  smaller  proportion  of  the  urban  population 
than  of  the  rural — 15.5  per  cent  of  the  one  as  compared 
with  46.1  per  cent  of  the  other.  The  characteristics 
of  the  rural  population  of  the  United  States,  there- 
fore, are  affected  to  a  large  degree  by  conditions 
peculiar  to  the  South,  while  those  of  the  lu'ban  popu- 
lation largely  reflect  conditions  in  the  North  and 
East;  and,  in  general,  any  comparison  between  urban 
and  rural  population  is  to  a  considerable  extent  a 
comparison  between  the  North  and  East  on  the  one 
hand  and  the  South  and  West  on  the  other.     There- 


52 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


fore  it  not  infrequently  happens  that  the  contrasts 
between  urban  and  rural  population  which  appear  in 
statistics  covering  the  entii-e  United  States  may  not 
be  so  apparent  or  so  marked  in  the  statistics  for  the 
several  geographic  divisions. 

Of  course,  on  the  other  hand,  a  comparison  by  geo- 
graphic divisions  may  develop  contrasts  or  differ- 
ences which  counterbalance  each  other  and  thus  do 
not  appear  in  statistics  covering  the  entire  United 
States. 


The  statistics  by  geographic  divisions,  given  in  Table 
57,  present  no  noteworthy  exceptions  to  the  rule  that 
the  ratio  of  admissions  for  each  race  and  nativity 
class  is  much  higher  from  urban  communities  than 
from  rural.  But  it  can  not  be  said  that  the  contrast 
between  the  two  classes  of  coromunities  is  invariably 
more  marked  for  negroes  than  for  whites,  or  more 
marked  for  the  native  whites  than  for  the  foreign 
born.  On  the  contrary,  there  is  considerable  diversity 
in  these  respects. 


Table  57 

INSANE  admitted  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

DIVISION,    AND   KACE    AND 

NATIVITY. 

insane  ADMrrTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

DIVISION,    AND    KACE    AND 

NATIVITY. 

From  urban 
oommunities. 

From  rural 
communities. 

Prior 
resi- 
dence 
not  re- 
ported. 

From  urban        \ 
communities. 

From  mral 
communities. 

Prior 
resi- 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 

100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Number. 

Per 
100.000 
popula- 
tion. 

dence 
not  re- 
ported. 

UNTTED   STATES. 
Total' 

36,654 

86.0 

20,442 

41.4 

3,673 

3,278 

2,109 

846 

363 

South  Atlantic. 
Total' 

2,968 

96.0 

3,040 

33.4 

717 

White' 

34,450 

22,257 
11,770 
2,098 

86.5 

73.7 

122.2 

78.0 

18,454 
15,263 
2,907 
1,923 

44.0 
40.0 
78.4 
26.9 

White  2 

2,183 

1,911 

248 

784 

1,058 

100.1 
96.1 

129.3 
86.2 

67.2 

2,023 

1,956 

54 

1.017 

2,264 

34.3 
33.8 
54.7 
31.8 

33.1 

614 

550 

50 

99 

Native 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

Negro 

New  England 
Total' 

5,804 

106.4 

1,009 

91.9 

173 

East  Sooth  Centeal. 
Total' 

363 

TTTl,-* 

5,692 

3,407 

2,245 

90 

11,857 

105.6 
91.7 
133.9 

147.8 

86.4 

999 

843 

150 

10 

2,548 

91.6 

88.5 
108.9 
184.2 

45.6 

171 

119 

43 

2 

264 

Whlte^ 

816 

746 

63 

242 

1,096 

76.6 
74.1 
108.7 
47.5 

56.0 

1,725 

1,713 

10 

537 

.,758 

36.8 
36.8 
34.6 
25.1 

25.8 

191 

Native 

178 

Foreign  bom 

12 

171 

Middle  Atlantic. 
Total'       

West  South  Centeal. 
Total ' 

114 

11,448 

6,507 

4,896 

392 

8.132 

85.6 
69.8 
120.9 
115.6 

84.6 

2,508 

2,052 

442 

36 

4,608 

45.5 
43.4 
56.9 
45.8 

53.4 

253 

128 

95 

11 

451 

White  2 

975 
804 
144 
117 

924 

64.3 
58.3 
105.3 
26.8 

97.5 

1,549 

1,445 

80 

197 

549 

29.8 
28.9 
37.7 
12.7 

32.6 

!              85 

Native 

72 

■               6 

Negro    . 

29 

East  Nohth  Centbal. 
Total' 

Mountain. 
Total' 

1            150 

White' 

7,874 

5,284 

2.421 

246 

2,898 

83.9 
73.5 
110.6 
106.7 

74.8 

4,553 

3,634 

846 

49 

3,856 

53.3 
47.4 
96.4 
69.7 

49.7 

4i0 

285 

98 

9 

705 

897 

579 

299 

25 

1,917 

97.0 
77.1 
107.5 
161.9 

80.5 

531 

348 

172 

3 

810 

33.3 
26.1 
65.3 
49.8 

44.8 

149 
79 
44 

1 

736 

Native 

Foreign  bom 

Negro 

West  Nobth  Central. 

Pacific. 
Total  1 

White  2. 

White  2 

2,724 

1.953 

702 

165 

73.5 

63.5 

lU.l 

100.4 

3,779 

2,790 

862 

68 

49.4 
41.9 
87.8 
86.8 

677 

327 

226 

27 

1,841 

1,066 

752 

37 

80.2 

60.4 

142.3 

151.9 

787 

482 

291 

6 

45.5 
34.5 
87.4 
124.1 

698 

Native 

Native 

371 

272 

Negro 

14 

'  Includes  colored  persons  other  than  negroes. 


-  Includes  whites  of  uninown  nativity  not  shown  separately  in  this  table. 


In  the  New  England  and  Middle  Atlantic  divisions 
the  difference  between  urban  and  rural  communities 
is  less  marked  in  the  case  of  the  native  whites  than  it 
is  for  the  foreign-born  whites.  This  is  indicative  of 
the  fact  that  the  difference  between  the  native  whites 
and  the  foreign-born  whites  as  regards  the  ratio  of 
admissions  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  is  less  in  rural 
communities  than  in  urban.  This  is  also  the  case  in 
the  South  Central  divisions.  In  all  the  remaining 
divisions,  however,  the  difference  is  the  other  way,  or 
the  same  as  it  is  for  the  United  States  as  a  whole,  the 
divergence  between  the  native  and  the  foreign-born 
whites  being  less  in  urban  communities  than  in  rural. 

In  each  of  the  three  southern  di^^sions  the  differ- 
ence between  urban  and  rural  communities  as  regards 


the  ratio  of  admissions  to  hospitals  for  the  insane  is 
somewhat  less  marked  for  the  negroes  than  for  the 
whites;  and  the  difference  between  whites  and  negroes 
in  this  respect  is  less  in  rural  than  in  urban  communi- 
ties. Outside  the  South  a  similar  comparison  gives 
very  diverse  results  in  different  divisions,  but  the 
number  of  negroes  in  the  coimtry  districts  is  so  small 
that  the  difference  in  the  ratios  can  not  be  regarded 
as  significant. 

States. — Table  58  gives  the  ratio  of  admissions  from 
urban  and  rural  communities  in  the  several  states.  It 
should  be  remembered  that  in  this  tabulation  the  insane 
admitted  to  hospitals  in  any  given  state  are  all  credited 
to  the  population  of  that  state,  although  some  of  them 
may  have  come  from  other  states.     This  element  of 


GENERAL  PARALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS. 


53 


error,  however,  is  probably  not  great  enough  to  affect 
the  ratios  materially  except  in  the  case  of  the  District 
of  Columbia,  where,  as  already  noted,  a  large  propor- 
tion of  the  inmates  of  the  Government  Hospital  for  the 
Insane  come  from  outside  the  District. 

The  ratio  is  higher  for  urban  communities  than  for 
rural  in  all  but  seven  states,  the  exceptions  including 
four  New  England  states,  namely.  New  Hampshire, 
Vermont,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connecticut,  and  outside 
New  England  the  states  of  Minnesota,  Arkansas,  and 
Wyoming. 


Table  58 


DIVISION  AND  STATE. 


United  States  . . 

geograpmc  divisions: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine 

New  Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 

South  -Vtlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  01  Columbia 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

-Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 

MotJNTUN: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wvoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

PACmc: 

Washington 

Orecon 

California 


mSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 


From  urban 
communities. 


Per 

Number. 

100,000 
popula- 

tion. 

36,654 

86.0 

5,804 

106.4 

n,SS7 

86.4 

8,132 

84.6 

2,S98 

74.8 

2,9&S 

96.0 

1.058 

67.2 

1,096 

56.0 

924 

97.5 

1,917 

80.5 

285 

74.7 

187 

73.3 

115 

68.1 

3.S26 

122.  4 

442 

84.2 

949 

94.9 

7.290 

101.5 

1,256 

65.9 

3,311 

71.5 

2,281 

85.6 

641 

56.0 

2,854 

82. 1 

!,OfiS 

80.5 

1,288 

128.  2 

528 

62.1 

611 

89.8 

1.153 

82.4 

32 

50.6 

28 

36.5 

116 

37.3 

430 

87.1 

83 

S5.5 

859 

130.5 

479 

144.7 

422 

88.6 

157 

68.8 

190 

59.7 

261 

116.1 

4n 

76.3 

106 

48.4 

477 

85.9 

270 

61.2 

227 

61.3 

84 

40.5  1 

28 

13.8 

262 

52.8 

169 

.52.8 

637 

67.9 

165 

123.7 

57 

81.5 

11 

25.5 

493 

121.8 

29 

62.3 

80 

126.5 

68 

39.3 

21 

15?.  1 

587 

96.9 

313 

101.9 

1,017 

69.2 

From  rural 
commimities. 


Number. 


1,009 
2,548 
4,608 
3,856 
3,  WO 
2,264 
1.758 
549 
810 


Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 


221 
132 
1.50 
285 
45 
176 

1,192 

348 

1,008 

966 
588 

1,047 
870 

1,137 

819 

846 

1,101 

174 

no 

2S2 
464 

43 

353 

1 

784 
310 
389 
349 
699 
112 

666 
523 
556 
519 

224 
174 
539 
821 

102 
116 
31 
132 
55 
50 
28 
35 

253 
214 
343 


91.9 
45.6 
53.4 
49.7 
33.4 
33.1 
25.8 
32.6 
44.8 


61.2 

75.2 

80.2 

118.2 

250.6 

153.2 

61.8 
55.2 
33.2 

46.0 

37.8 
48.4 
58.7 
85.5 

66.8 
54.8 
58.1 
33.9 
33.5 
32.0 
38.8 

40.9 
55.4 
(') 
49.5 
31.2 
20.6 
27.0 
33.8 
21.0 

38.4 
30.0 
31.5 
32.6 

16.3 
15.0 
40.3 
27.8 

42.0 
4.5.4 
30.2 
33.5 
19.6 
35.4 
14.0 
51.1 

47.2 
58.5 
37.8 


Prior 
resi- 
dence 
not  re- 
ported. 


3,673 


173 
264 
451 
705 
717 
363 
114 
150 
736 


3 
7 
5 
125 
3 
30 

48 
36 
180 

89 
41 

152 
36 

133 

78 
54 
525 
18 
6 
13 
11 

1 

61 
117 

28 

28 
337 

36 

2 

107 

84 
139 
48 
92 

3 
55 
3S 
21 

11 
30 


44 

63 
029 


I  No  basis  upon  which  to  compute  ratio. 


GENERAL  PARALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS. 

On  the  schedule  for  reporting  admissions  was  a 
question  asking  whether  the  patient  was  suflfering  from 
either  general  paralysis  or  alcohohc  psychosis.  Gen- 
eral paralysis  of  the  insane  is  indicative  of  syphihs, 
being  one  form  of  syphilitic  brain  diseases,  while  alco- 
holic psychosis  is  brought  on  by  the  excessive  use  of 
alcohohc  drinks.  The  instructions  for  filhng  out  the 
schedules  contained  the  foUowing  definition  regard- 
ing the  use  of  the  term  "alcoholic  psychosis": 

By  "alcoholic  psychosis"  is  meant  one  of  the  mental  diseases 
which,  by  their  characteristic  symptoms,  are  known  to  be  the 
direct  result  of  alcoholic  intemperance.  Cases  of  mental  disease 
in  which  alcoholic  intemperance  is  only  one  of  the  etiological 
factors  and  cases  merely  associated  with  alcoholic  intemperance 
should  not  be  reported  under  alcoholic  psychosis. 

The  number  of  reported  cases  of  general  paralysis 
and  alcohohc  psychosis  among  the  admissions  to  hos- 
pitals for  the  insane  in  1910  is  shown  in  the  following 
table: 


Table  59 

insane  admitted  to 
hospitals:  1910. 

CLASS. 

Number. 

Per  cent 
distribu- 
tion. 

Per 
100,000 
popula- 
tion. 

Total 

60,769 

100.0 

66.1 

Having  either  general  paralysis  or  alcoholic 
psychosis 

10,207 

16.8 

11.1 

Having  general  paralysis 

3,884 

6,122 

201 

50,562 

6.4 
10.1 
0.3 

83.2 

4.2 

6.7 
0.2 

55.0 

Having  both  diseases 

Another 

Of  the  60,769  msane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910, 
6,122,  or  10.1  per  cent  of  the  total  number,  were 
suffering  from  alcoholic  psychosis,  and  3,884,  or  6.4 
per  cent,  from  general  paralysis.  In  the  aggregate, 
16.8  per  cent,  or  about  one-sixth,  of  the  insane  ad- 
mitted to  hospitals  in  1910  were  victims  of  one  or  the 
other  of  these  diseases. 

The  number  of  cases  of  general  paralysis  and  alco- 
holic psychosis  in  the  admissions  to  hospitals  in  1910 
was  equivalent  to  a  ratio  of  11.1  per  100,000  popula- 
tion; the  number  of  other  cases  of  msanity  repre- 
sented a  ratio  of  55  per  100,000.  Of  course,  the  sum 
of  these  two  ratios  Ls  the  ratio  of  total  admissions  to 
the  total  population,  66.1  per  100,000. 

As  indicated  by  Table  60,  in  proportion  to  the  total 
number  of  uisane  admitted  to  hospitals  the  reported 
cases  of  general  paralysis  or  alcoholic  psychosis 
were  most  numerous  in  the  Mountain  division,  such 
cases  representmg  24.5  per  cent  of  the  total  number 
of  admissions  reported  for  that  division.  Tlie  Middle 
Atlantic  division  ranks  second  in  this  respect,  the 
percentage  in  that  division  being  20.4.  At  the  other 
extreme  are  the  two  South  Central  divisions,  in  which 


54 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


only  a  little  over  10  per  cent  of  the  total  admissions 
were  reported  as  cases  of  general  paralysis  or  alcoholic 
psychosis. 


Table  60 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

DIVISION. 

Total. 

Ilaving  general  paralysis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis. 

Total. 

General 

paraly^ 

sis. 

Alco- 
holic 

ohosis. 

Both 

dis- 
eases. 

All 
other. 

NUMBEK. 

United  States 

60,769 

10,207 

3,884 

6,122 

201 

50,562 

New  England  ..           ... 

6,986 
14,669 
13,191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,968 
1,623 
3,463 

1,278 

2,987 

2,329 

1,029 

857 

402 

303 

398 

624 

360 
1,335 
965 
417 
287 
130 
50 
163 
177 

898 
1,613 
1,321 
679 
538 
268 
239 
225 
441 

20 
39 
43 
33 
32 

4 
14 
10 

6 

5  70.K 

Middle  Atlantic 

11,682 

East  North  Central 

10  86"^ 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic 

6,430 
6,868 
3,283 
2,665 
1,225 
2  839 

West  South  Central 

Mountain 

Pacific.           

PEl 

I  CENT  or  TOTAL  INSANE 

ADMITTED. 

United  States 

100.0 

16.8 

6.4 

10.1 

0.3 

83  2 

100.0 
100.0 
100  0 
100,0 
100  0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

18.3 
20.4 
17.7 
13.8 
12.7 
10.9 
10.2 
24.5 
IS.O 

5.2 
9.1 
7.3 
5.6 
4.3 
3.5 
1.7 
10.0 
5.1 

12.9 
11.0 
10.0 
7.8 
8.0 
7.3 
8.1 
13.9 
12.7 

0.3 

0.3 
0.3 
0.4 
0.5 
0.1 
0.5 
0.6 
0.2 

SI  7 

Middle  Atlantic 

79  6 

East  North  Central  . 

82  3 

West  North  Central 

86  2 

South  Atlantic 

87.3 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

89.8 

Pacific 

82  0 

VUMBEE  PEE   100,000  POPt 

LATION. 

United  States 

66.1 

11.1 

4.2 

6.7 

0.2 

55.0 

New  England 

106.6 
75.9 
72.3 
64.1 
55.1 
43.8 
33.8 
61.6 
82.6 

19.5 
15.5 
12.8 
8.8 
7.0 
4.8 
3.4 
15.1 
14.9 

5.5 
6.9 
5.3 
3.6 
2.4 
1.5 
0.6 
6.2 
4.2 

13.7 
8.4 
7.2 
5.0 
4.4 
3.2 
2.7 
8.5 

10.5 

0.3 
0.2 
0.2 
0.3 
0.3 
10.0 
0.2 
0.4 
0.1 

87  1 

Middle  Atlantic 

60.5 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

59.5 
55.3 

South  Atlantic 

48.1 

East  South  Central 

39.0 

West  South  Central. . 

30.3 

46.5 

Pacific 

67.7 

'  More  exactly,  0.04. 

In  proportion  to  the  total  population,  cases  of 
general  paralysis  and  alcoholic  psychosis  were  most 
numerous  in  New  England,  the  ratio  being  19.5  per 
100,000.  The  Middle  Atlantic  division  ranks  second, 
with  a  ratio  of  15.5  per  100,000,  and  the  Mountain 
division  third,  with  a  ratio  of  15.1  per  100,000. 

It  may  be  noted  that  the  rank  of  the  divisions 
according  to  the  ratio  of  cases  of  general  paralysis 
differs  considerably  from  that  according  to  the  ratio 
of  cases  of  alcoholic  psychosis.  In  New  England,  for 
uistance,  the  latter  ratio  is  higher  than  in  any  other 
division,  while  as  regards  the  ratio  for  general  paralysis 
there  are  two  divisions  having  higher  rank  than  New 
England.  This  division,  therefore,  ranks  firet  accord- 
ing to  the  ratio  for  alcoholic  psychosis  and  third  accord- 
ing to  the  ratio  for  general  paralysis,  while  the  Middle 
Atlantic  division,  which  ranlcs  fourth  according  to  the 
former  ratio,  ranks  first  according  to  the  latter. 

It  would  be  very  difficult  and  probably  impossible 
to  account  for  all  the  variations  exhibited  by  these 
ratios  in  this  comparison  by  geographic  divisions. 
The  causes  affecting  them  are  too  multiplex  and  too 


obscure.  Doubtless  to  some  extent  it  is  a  question 
of  differences  in  the  provisions  for  the  institutional 
care  of  the  insane  and  in  the  law  and  practice  regard- 
ing their  commitment  to  institutions;  and  to  some 
extent  it  is  affected  by  the  accuracy  and  completeness 
of  the  diagnosis  of  these  diseases  in  different  institu- 
tions. It  is  also  a  question  of  variations  in  the  com- 
position of  the  population  as  regards  race,  sex,  and 
age,  and  in  the  proportion  of  the  total  population 
hving  in  large  cities.  Some  hght  upon  the  influence 
of  these  factors  may,  however,  be  obtained  from  the 
analysis  of  the  data  presented  in  the  text  and  tables 
which  follow  in  this  section. 

Oity  and  country. — The  following  table  shows  that 
the  cases  of  insanity  caused  by  alcohohc  psychosis  and 
general  paralysis  are  relatively  more  numerous  in  the 
city  than  in  the  country: 


Table  61 

INSANE   ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO 
ADMISSION. 

Total. 

Having  general  paralvsis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis. 

Total. 

Gen- 
eral 
paraly- 
sis. 

Alco- 
holic 
psy- 
chosis. 

Both 

dis- 
eases. 

AU 

other. 

NTJMREE. 

Total  .          .    . 

60,709 

10,207 

3,884 

6,122 

201 

60,562 

Urban  communities.  .. 

36,654 
19,730 
3,228 
7,754 
5,942 
20, 442 
3,673 

7,691 
4,521 

709 
1,478 

983 
2,119 

397 

2,987 
1,958 
237 
467 
325 
775 
122 

4,553 
2,470 
403 
979 
641 
1,302 
237 

151 
93 

9 
32 
17 
42 

8 

28,963 
15,209 
2,519 
6,276 
4,959 
18,323 

Cities  of  100,000  and  over. . . 
Cities  of  50,000  to  100,000 ... . 

Cities  of  10.000  to  .50,000 

Cities  of  2,500  to  10,000 

Ruriil  communities 

Prior  residence  not  reported . . 

3,276 

PER  CENT  OF  TOTAL  ADMITTED. 

Total 

100.0 

16.8 

6.4 

10.1 

0.3 

83.2 

100  0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

21.0 
22.9 
22.0 
19.1 
16.5 
10.4 
10.8 

8.1 
9.9 
7.3 
6.0 
5.5 
3.8 
3.3 

12.4 
12.5 
14.3 
12.6 
10.8 
6.4 
7.3 

0.4 
0.5 
0.3 
0.4 
0.3 
0.2 
0.2 

79.0 
77.1 
78.0 
80.9 
83.5 
89  6 

Cities  of  100,000  and  over. . . 
Cities  of  50,000  to  100,000 . . . 
Cities  of  10,000  to  50.000.... 

Cities  of  2,500  to  10,000 

Rural  communities  . 

Prior  residence  not  reported . . 

89.2 

NUMBER  PER  100,000  POFtttATION. 

Total 

66.1 

11.1 

4.2 

6.7 

0.2 

86.0 
97.2 
77.2 
80.2 
70.2 
41.4 

18.0 
22.3 
17.0 
15.3 
11.6 
4.3 

7.0 
9.6 
5.7 
4.8 
3.8 
1.6 

10.7 
12.2 
11.1 
10.1 
7.6 
2.6 

0.4 
0.5 
0.2 
0.3 
0.2 
0.1 

Cities  of  100,000  and  over. . . 
Cities  of  50,000  to  100,000... 
Cities  of  10,000  to  50.000 . . . . 

Cities  of  2,500  to  10,000 

Rural  communities 

74.9 
60.3 
64.9 
58.5 
37  1 

Of  the  insane  admitted  to  hospitab  in  1910  coming 
from  urban  communities  21  per  cent,  or  more  than 
one-fifth,  were  suffering  from  either  alcoholic  psychosis 
or  general  paralysis;  but  of  those  coming  from  rural 
communities  only  10.4  per  cent,  or  one-tenth,  had 
these  diseases.  The  percentage  suffering  from  general 
paralysis  increases  with  the  increasing  size  of  the  cities 
as  here  classified.  Of  the  insane  admitted  from  rural 
communities  3.8  per  cent  had  this  disease,  and  of 
those  from  cities  of  from  2,500  to  10,000  inhabitants 
5.5  per  cent;  but  for  cities  of  over  100,000  inhabitants 
the  percentage   was   9.9.     The  percentage    suffering 


GENERAL  PARALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS. 


55 


from  alcoholic  psychosis,  although  markedly  higher  for 
urban  than  for  rural  communities,  does  not  regularly 
increase  with  increase  in  population;  it  reaches  its 
maximum  in  cities  of  from  50,000  to  100,000  inhab- 
itants, and  falls  off  in  cities  of  over  100,000  to  prac- 
tically the  same  figure  as  that  for  cities  of  10,000  to 
50,000. 

The  ratios  given  in  the  third  section  of  Table  61  indi- 
cate that  in  proportion  to  population  urban  commu- 
nities contribute  to  the  hospitals  for  the  insane  more 
than  four  tunes  as  many  victims  of  these  diseases  as 
rural  communities,  the  ratio  being  IS  per  100,000 
population  in  one  case  as  compared  with  4.3  per 
100,000  in  the  other.  The  remaining  forms  of  in- 
sanity are  also  I'epresented  by  proportionately  larger 
numbers  in  the  urban  than  in  the  rural  population, 
but  the  contrast  is  not  so  marked.  The  elimination 
of  the  cases  of  general  paralysis  and  alcoholic  psychosis 
reduces  the  ratio  of  admissions  from  urban  commu- 
nities from  86  per  100,000  population  to  68,  while 
the  ratio  from  rural  communities  declines  from  41.4 
per  100,000  to  37.1.  Thus,  if  these  cases  are  excluded, 
the  ratio  of  admissions  per  100,000  population  is  re- 
duced about  21  per  cent  for  urban  communities,  as 
compared  with  10  per  cent  for  rural  communities. 

Age. — Table  62  gives  the  age  distribution  of  pa- 
tients having  either  alcoholic  psychosis  or  general 
paralysis,  showing  what  percentage  they  formed  of 
the  total  insane  admitted  in  each  age  group  and  also 
the  ratio  per  100,000  population  of  the  same  age. 
These  diseases  apparently  attain  their  greatest  rela- 
tive importance  as  a  cause  of  insanity  in  the  period  of 
early  middle  life.  Of  the  insane  admitted  between 
the  ages  of  35  and  40,  14.1  per  cent  were  suffering  from 
alcoholic  psychosis  and  8.2  per  cent  from  general 
paralysis;  in  the  next  older  age  period,  40  to  44,  inclu- 
sive, the  percentages  were  14.7  and  10.3,  respectively. 
One-fourth  (25.6  per  cent)  of  the  insane  admitted  to 
hospitals  at  this  period  of  Ufe  had  one  or  the  other  of 
these  diseases.  In  the  next  older  age  group,  45  to  49 
years,  the  percentage  for  alcohoUc  psychosis  decUnes 
sUghtly  (to  13.1),  but  that  for  general  paralysis  re- 
mains about  the  same  (10.4) ;  after  the  age  of  50,  the 
percentages  dechne  for  each  disease. 

Comparing  by  age  groups  the  ratio  of  admissions  to 
total  population,  as  given  in  the  last  section  of 
Table  62,  it  ^vi]l  be  noticed  that  the  ratio  of  cases  of 
general  paralysis  or  alcoholic  psychosis  increases  up 
to  the  age  of  40.  From  40  to  50  it  is  nearly  sta- 
tionary, the  number  of  such  cases  per  100,000  popu- 
lation being  31.5  in  the  age  group  "40  to  44  years," 
and  30.5  in  the  age  group  "45  to  49  years."  Thereafter 
the  ratio  declines,  reaching  13.2  per  100,000  in  the  age 
group  "  65  years  and  over."  The  ratio  of  commitments 
for  other  forms  of  insanity,  on  the  other  hand,  shows 
a  marked  increase  in  old  age.  The  increase  in  early 
life  is  also  rapid  up  to  the  age  of  40.  From  35  to 
45  years  the  ratio  is  about  90  per  100,000  and  from 
45  to  60  about  96  per  100,000.     The  advance  there- 


after carries  it  up  to  142.8  per  100,000  for  the  age 
group  "65  years  and  over." 


Table  62 


AGE  GEOnP. 


All  ages. 


Under  15  years. . . 

15  to  19  vears 

20  to  24  years 

2-1  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over. 
Age  unknown 


All  ages. 


Under  15  years. . . 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over. 
Age  unknown 


All  ages 

Under  15  year^. . . 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  20  vears 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over . 


mSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 


Total. 


Having  general  paralysis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis. 


Total. 


Gen- 
eral 
paraly- 


Alco- 
holic 
psy- 
chosis. 


Both 
dis- 


All 
other. 


60,769 


327 
2,539 
5,701 
7.027 
7,295 
7,495 
6,469 
5,681 
4,877 
3,368 
2,872 
6,161 

957 


10,207   3,884   6,122 


21 

83 

363 

834 

1,312 

1,700 

1,656 

1,362 

1,078 

687 

439 

521 

151 


17 
47 
134 
218 
421 
612 
669 
590 
445 
267 
165 
231 


3 
35 
223 

600 
870 
1,056 
954 
744 
610 
408 
262 
277 
80 


201 


50,563 


306 
2,466 
5,338 
6,193 
5,983 
5,795 
4,813 
4,319 
3,799 
2,681 
2,433 
5,640 

806 


PER  CENT  OF  TOTAL  [NSANE  ADMITTED. 


100.0 


100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 


16.8 


6.4 

3.3 

6.4 

11.9 

18.0 

22.7 

25.6 

24.0 

22.1 

20.4 

15.3 

8.5 

15.8 


6.4 


5.2 
1.9 
2.4 
3.1 
5.8 
8.2 
10.3 
10.4 
9.1 
7.9 
5.7 
3.7 
7.1 


10.1 


0.9 
1.4 
3.9 
8.5 
11.9 
14.1 
14.7 
13.1 
12.5 
12.1 
9.1 
4.S 
8.4 


0.3 


0.3 
0) 
0.1 
0.2 
0.3 
0.4 
0.5 
0.5 
0.5 
0.4 
0.4 
0.2 
0.3 


83.2 


93.6 
%.7 
93.6 
88.1 
82.0 
77.3 
74.4 
76.0 
77.9 
79.6 
84.7 
91.  S 
84.2 


NUMBEE  PEE  100,000  POPITLATION  OF  SAME  AGE. 


66.1 


1.1 

28.0 
62.9 
85.9 
104.6 
117.2 
122.9 
127.1 
125.0 
120.8 
126.7 
156.0 


11.1 


0.1 
0.9 
4.0 
10.2 
18.8 
26.6 
31.5 
30.5 
27.6 
24.7 
19.4 
13.2 


4.2 


0.1 
0.5 
1.5 
2.7 

6.0 
9.6 
12.7 
13.2 
11.4 
9.6 
7.3 
0.8 


6.7 


0.2 


2  0.0 
0.4 
2.5 
7.3 
12.5 
16.5 
18.1 
16.6 
15.6 
14.6 
11.6 
7.0 


2  0.0 
»0.0 
0.1 
0.2 
0.3 
0.6 
0.6 
0.6 
0.6 
0.4 
0.5 
0.3 


55.0 


1.0 
27.1 
58.9 
75.7 
85.8 
90.6 
91.5 
96.6 
97.4 
96.2 
107.3 
142.8 


1  Less  than  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent. 
'  More  exactly,  0.01. 
s  More  exactly,  0.003. 

Sex. — As  would  probably  be  anticipated,  the  figures 
show  that  alcohoUc  psychosis  and  general  paralysis 
are  much  more  frequent  causes  of  insanity  for  males 
than  for  females.  Of  the  34,116  males  admitted  to 
hospitals  for  the  insane  in  1910,  2,989,  or  8.8  percent, 
had  general  paralysis;  and  5,220,  or  15.3  per  cent,  had 
alcoholic  psychosis.  Of  the  26,653  females  admitted, 
895,  or  3.4  per  cent,  had  general  paralysis;  and  902,  or 
3.4  per  cent,  had  alcohoUc  psychosis.  Of  the  male  in- 
sane, 24.5  per  cent,  or  almost  one-fourth,  had  one  or 
the  other  of  these  diseases,  while  for  the  female  insane 
the  corresponding  percentage  was  only  6.9  per  cent. 
It  is  evident  that  this  is  the  main  explanation  of  the 
fact  that  the  ratio  of  admissions  to  insane  asylums 
is  higher  for  the  male  sex  than  for  the  female.  The 
total  number  of  commitments  per   100,000  popula- 


56 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


tion,  as  noted  in  the  section  on  sex,  is  72.1  for  males, 
as  compared  with  59.7  for  females.  But  if  the  cases 
of  alcohohc  psychosis  and  general  paralysis  are  ex- 
cluded, the  number  of  males  admitted  in  the  year 
1910  is  reduced  from  34,116  to  25,760,  and  the  num- 
ber of  females  from  26,653  to  24,802.  Thus  the 
numerical  difference  between  the  two  sexes  largely 
disappears,  although  males  are  stOl  somewhat  more 
numerous  than  females,  as  is  also  the  case  in  the 
general  population.  When  the  cases  of  alcoholic 
psychosis  and  general  paralysis  are  eliminated  the 
ratio  of  admissions  for  the  two  sexes  becomes  prac- 
tically identical,  as  is  shown  by  the  last  column  in 
the  third  section  of  the  following  table : 


Table  63 

INSANE   ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

SEX. 

Total. 

Having  general  paralysis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis. 

j 

Total. 

Gen- 
eral 
paraly- 
sis. 

Alco- 
holic 

chosis. 

Both 
dis- 
eases. 

All 
other. 

NtTMBEB. 

60,769 

10,207 

3,SS4 

6,122 

201 

50,562 

Male 

34,116 
26,653 

8,356 
1,861 

2,989 
895 

5,220 
902 

147 
54 

25,760 

Female .   -        

24  802 

PEE  CENT  OF  TOTAL  ADMITTED. 

Both  sexes. 

100.0 

16.8 

6.4 

10.1 

0.3 

83  2 

Male                

100.0 
100.0 

24.5 
6.9 

8.8 
3.4 

15.3 
3.4 

0.4 
0.2 

75  5 

93  1 

NUMBER  PER  100,000  POPULATION  OP  aAM 

E  SEX. 

Both  sexes 

66.1 

11.1 

4.2 

6.7          0.2 

55  0 

Male 

72.1 
59.7 

17.7 
4.1 

6.3 
2.0 

11.0 
2.0 

0.3 
0.1 

Female       

55  6 

Among  males  there  are  about  7  cases  of  alcohohc 
psychosis  to  4  cases  of  general  paralysis,  while  among 
females  the  number  of  cases  of  each  disease  is  nearly 
the  same.  The  contrast  between  the  sexes  is  accord- 
ingly more  marked  with  regard  to  one  disease  than 
the  other,  the  statistics  indicating  that  among  males 
as  compared  with  females  there  are  almost  six  times  as 
many  cases  of  alcohohc  psychosis  but  hardly  more 
than  three  times  as  many  cases  of  general  paralysis. 

Sex  and  age. — In  Table  64  the  classification  by  sex  is 
combined  with  a  classification  by  age  so  as  to  show  by 
age  periods  for  each  sex  the  number  of  cases  of  general 
paralysis  or  alcoholic  psychosis  and  also  the  number  of 
other  cases  of  insanity,  with  the  ratios  per  100,000  per- 


sons of  the  same  age  and  sex.     Diagram  8,  on  page  57, 
is  based  upon  the  ratios  in  this  table. 


Table  64 


AGE  GROLT. 


.\11  ases  1. . 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30to34  Vears 

3.3  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  o9  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  year? 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

SO  years  and  over 

All  ages  1 . . 

Under  15  years. . . 
15  to  19  years. . . . 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years .... 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

SO  years  and  over . 


INS.OJE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS;  1910. 


Total. 


Male. 


Fe- 
male. 


Having  gen- 
eral paralysis 
or  alcoholic 
psychosis. 


Male. 


Fe- 
male. 


.Ml  other. 


Fe- 
male. 


34,116 


isi 

1,471 

3,234 

3,911 

4,018 

4,090 

3,618 

3,163 

2,712 

1,975 

1,698 

1,255 

994 

676 

513 


26,653 


146 

1,068 

2,467 

3,116 

3,277 

3,405 

2,851 

2,518 

2,165 

1,393 

1,174 

936 

782 

504 

501 


8,3;6 


12 

52 

268 

679 

1,091 

1,411 

1,353 

1,131 

905 

-82 

360 

211 

84 

62 

34 


1,851 


31 

95 

155 

221 

289 

303 

231 

173 

105 

79 

59 

30 

28 

15 


25,760 


169 

1,410 

2,966 

3,232 

2,927 

2,679 

2,265 

2,032 

1.807 

1.3''3 

1,338 

1.0-I4 

910 

614 

479 


24,802 


137 

1,037 

2,372 

2,961 

3,056 

3,116 

2,548 

2,287 

1,992 

1,388 

1,095 

877 

7,52 

478 

486 


NUMBER  PER  100,000  POPUI.ATIOM  OF  SAME  .SEX 
AND  AGE. 


72.1 


1.2 

32.5 
70.6 
92.1 
109.9 
121.5 
129. 8 
133.0 
128.  5 
132.7 
143.2 
145.3 
177.0 
204.1 
224.0 


59.7 

17.7 

4.1 

54.4 

1.0 

0.1 

0.1 

1.1 

23.5 

1.1 

0.7 

31.3 

55.1 

5.9 

2.1 

64.8 

79.2 

16.0 

3.9 

76.1 

98.8 

29.8 

6.7 

80.0 

112.4 

41.9 

9.5 

79.6 

115.2 

48.6 

12.2 

81.3 

120.5 

47.5 

11.1 

85.4 

120.9 

42.9 

9-7 

85.6 

107.3 

39.1 

8.1 

93.6 

108.6 

30.4 

7.3 

112.8 

114.8 

24.4 

7.2 

120.8 

141.6 

15.0 

S.i 

162.0 

150.  0 

18.7 

7.7 

l&i.3 

192.7 

14.8 

5.8 

209.1 

55.6 


0.9 

22.9 

53.0 

75.2 

92.2 

102.9 

102.9 

109.4 

111.2 

99.2 

101.3 

107.5 

136.2 

142.3 

187.0 


•  Includes  age  unknown. 

For  males  there  is  a  rapid  increase  in  the  occurrence 
of  alcoholic  psychosis  and  general  paralysis  from  child- 
hood or  youth  up  to  the  age  of  45;  thereafter  the  ratio 
declines.  In  the  case  of  females  the  increase  and  de- 
cline are  much  less  pronounced.  At  its  maximum  in 
the  age  period  40  to  44  the  ratio  is  48.6  per  100,000  for 
males,  as  compared  with  12.2  per  100,000  for  females. 
Upon  eliminating  the  cases  of  general  paralysis  and 
alcoholic  psychosis  and  considering  the  ratios  in  the 
table  and  the  lines  in  the  diagram  representing  other 
forms  of  insanity  the  contrast  between  the  sexes  is 
interesting  and  significant.  Up  to  the  age  of  30  this 
ratio  is  somewhat  higher  for  males,  but  from  30  to  60 
it  is  higher  for  females,  the  difference  being  very 
marked  in  the  age  groups  between  35  and  55.  Beyond 
the  age  of  60  the  ratio  is  again  higher  for  males. 


GENERAL  PARALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS. 


57 


DiAORAU  8. — Ratio  of  Males  and  of  Females  Having  Gen- 
eral Paralysis  or  Alcoholic  Psychosis  and  Ratio  of 
Other  Males  and  Females  Admitted  to  Hospitals  for 
THE  Insane  in  1910  per  100,000  Population  of  the  same 
Sex  and  Age. 

VCABS 
16    20    26        30    36    40    *t>         60    Sft    60    6S    TO    76    80 


/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

/ 

ISO 

/ 

/ 

t 
i 

140 

/ 

1 

\  I 

•' 

130 

/   / 
/ 

CAU 

'■-. 

/ 

,f>'r 

ALL 

.^■^ 

■s'» 
\ 

/ 

.'" 

' 

"^ 

*?'■ 

4 

'/ 

/ 
/ 

MALESj; 

^ 

)TMER 

/: 

1 

/ 

/ 

MALE: 

^- 

e  ^■^ 

c;o, 

c 

H 

i 

I' 

/ 

^^\ 

N 

s 

1 

i 

(f 

I' 

EMALi 

AND     , 

N 

// 

p^^^ 

u^?;?- 

LCOH, 

^L.c 

sych 

\ 

"-- 

0 

// 

-t/^'"' 

/ct-^s.'i- 

— ... 

— 

^- 

Table  65  shows  separately  the  number  of  cases  of 
general  paralysis  and  of  alcoholic  psychosis  occurring 
among  the  insane  admitted  to  hospitals,  classified  by 
age  and  sex,  also  the  ratio  of  such  cases  per  100,000 
population  of  the  same  sex  and  age.  Among  females 
cases  of  alcoholic  psychosis  are  considerably  more 
numerous  than  those  of  general  paralysis  in  the  age 
groups  from  30  to  44  but  not  in  younger  or  older  ages, 
while  among  males  there  are  many  more  cases  of  the 
former  disease  than  of  the  latter  in  every  age  group, 
from  20  to  75.  The  ratio  of  admissions  for  alcohohc 
psychosis  reaches  its  maximum  m  the  age  period  40 
to  44,  the  ratio  then  being  28  per  100,000  for  males 
and  7  per  100,000  for  females.  The  ratio  for  general 
paralysis  is  not  quite  as  high  in  this  age  period  as  it  is 


in  the  next  older  period,  45  to  49,  when  it  is  20  per 
100,000  for  males  and  5.5  per  100,000  for  females. 


Table  65 


AGE  OROUT. 


All  ages.. 


Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

SO  years *and  oyer. 
Age  unknown 


All  ages.. 


I'nder  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  oyer . 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPrTALS:   1910. 


Having  general 
paralysis. 


Male. 


Female. 


Having  alcoholic 
psychosis. 


Male.       Female. 


NtJMEEE. 


2,9S9 


11 

2S 

80 

144 

325 

495 

546 

475 

347 

217 

126 

56 

33 

37 

19 

50 


6 
19 
54 

74 

96 

117 

123 

115 

93 

50 

39 

33 

21 

20 

12 

18 


5,220 


1 
23 

186 

520 

749 

894 

781 

633 

540 

356 

225 

ISO 

48 

25 

14 

69 


902 


2 

12 

37 

74 

121 

162 

173 

HI 

70 

52 

37 

23 

8 

6 

3 

11 


NtntBEK  PEE  100,000  POPtJlATION  OF 
SAME  SEX  AND  AGE. 


6.3 


2.0 


>0.0 
0.4 
1.2 
1.9 
2.9 
3.9 
5.0 
5.5 
5.5 
3.9 
3.6 
4.0 
4.0 
6.0 
4.6 


11.0 


=  0.0 

0.5 

4.1 

12.4 

20.5 

26.6 

28.0 

26.6 

25.6 

23.9 

19.0 

17.4 

8.5 

7.5 

6.1 


2.0 


•0.0 
0.3 
0.8 

1.9 
3.6 
5.3 
7.0 
5.3 
3.9 
4.0 
3.4 
2.8 
1.5 
1.8 
1.2 


'  More  exactly,  0.04. 


'  More  exactly,  0.007. 


>  More  exactly,  0.01. 


Race,  nativity,  and  parentage. — In  Table  66  the  num- 
ber of  cases  of  alcoholic  psychosis  and  general  paralysis 
among  the  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910  is 
shown  for  eacli  of  the  principal  race  and  nativity 
classes,  together  with  the  percentage  which  these  cases 
form  of  the  total  number  of  admissions  and  the  ratio 
to  the  total  population  of  each  class.  In  the  total 
niunber  of  admissions,  the  percentage  having  these 
diseases  is  larger  for  the  white  insane  (17.2)  than  for 
the  negro  (11.5) ;  it  is  larger  for  the  foreign-born  white 
insane  (19.8)  than  for  the  native  white  (16.1);  and 
larger  for  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parent- 
age (20.6)  than  for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage 
(14.6).  As  between  the  foreign-born  white  and  the 
native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  however, 
there  is  very  httle  difference  in  this  respect,  the  per- 
centages being  nearly  the  same  for  both  classes. 


58 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


These  percentages,  being  base 

d  upon  the 

ad  mis 

sions,  1 

indicate  for  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parent- 

age and  the  foreign-born  white  simply  that  in  proportion 

to  the  total  number  of  pereons  of  each  class  admitted 

to  hospitals  for  the  insane  there  are  practically  the 

same  number  of  cases  of  general  paralysis  or  alcoholic 

psj'chosis.        In  proportion  to  the  total  population  of 

each  class,  however,  the  total  number  of  admissions  is 

about  twice  as  large  for  the  foreign-born  white  as  for 

the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage.     It  fol- 

lows, therefore,  that  in  proportion  to  the  total  popu- 

lation of  each  class  there  are  about  twice  as  many 

cases  of  these  diseases  in  the  one  class  as  in  the  other. 

This  is  indicated  by  the  last  section  of  the  following 

table,  which  gives  the  number  of  admi'^sions  per  100,000 

population  of  the  same  race  and  nativity. 

Table  66 

raSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:  1910. 

RACE  AND  NATITITT. 

Total. 

Having  general  paralysis  or 
alcohoUc  psychosis. 

All 
other. 

Total. 

Gen- 
eral 
paraly- 
sis. 

Alco- 
holic 
psycho- 
sis. 

Both 

dis- 
eases. 

NtJMBEE. 

60,769 

10,207 

3,8.'<4 

6,122 

201 

50,562 

White 

56,182 

9,676 

3,670 

5,819 

187 

46,506 

39,629 
24,534 
10,RS5 

4,410 
15,523 

1,030 

6,400 
3,570 
2,197 

633 
3,081 

195 

2,486 

1,420 

783 

283 

1,111 

73 

3,782 
2,068 
1,377 

337 
1,917 

120 

132 
82 
37 
13 
53 
2 

33,229 
20,964 
8,488 
3,777 
12,442 
835 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  par 

Parentage  unknown 

For^ifni  bc-ru 

4,3S4 
203 

505 
26 

208 
6 

284 
19 

13 

1 

3,879 
177 

Other  colored 

PER  CENT  OF  TOTAL. 

100.0 

16.8 

6.4 

10.1 

0.3 

83.2 

White 

100.0 

17.2 

6.5 

10.4 

0.3 

82.8 

100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

16.1 
14.6 
20.6 
14.4 
19.8 
18.9 

6.3 

5.8 
7.3 
6.4 
7.2 
7.1 

9.5 
8.4 
12.9 
7.6 
12.3 
11.7 

0.3 
0.3 
0.3 
0.3 
0.3 
0.2 

S3. 9 

85.4 
79.4 
85.6 
80.2 
81.1 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  nuxed  par 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  born 

100.0 
100.0 

11.5 
12.8 

4.7 
3.0 

6.5 
9.4 

0.3 
0.S 

88.5 
87.2 

NtTMBEE   PEE  100,000  POPULATION  OF  SAME  RACE 
AND  NATIVITY. 

All  pln-i^s": 

66.1 

11.1 

4.2 

6.7 

0.2 

55.0 

White 

68.7 

11.8 

4.5 

7.1 

0.2 

56.9 

Native.. 

57.9 
56.3 
62.3 
116.3 

9.4 
8.2 
12.4 
23.1 

3.6 
3.3 
4.5 
8  3 

5.5 
4.7 
7.8 
14  4 

0.2 
0.2 
0.2 
0  4 

48.6 
48.1 
49.  S 
93  2 

Native  parentage  > 

Foreign  or  mixed  par.'. . . 
Foreign  bom.  . 

Negro 

44.6 

5.1 

2.1 

2.9 

0.1 

39.5 

1  For  the  computation  of  the  ratios  the  native  white  insane  of  unknown  parent- 
age have  been  apportioned  between  the  two  classes  of  known  parentage. 

The  total  number  of  admissions  per  100,000  is  62.3 

for  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  as 

compared  with  116.3  for  the  foreign-born  white,  and 

the  number  of  admissions  representing  cases  of  general 

paralysis  or  alcohoUc  psychosis  is  12.4  per  100,000  for 

the  former,  as  com 

oared  ^ 

vith2 

3.1  pc 

r  100 

000  f( 

jr  the 

latter.  Here  again  it  must  be  remembered  that  the 
important  factor  of  age  may  materially  affect  the 
comparison  and  largely  account  for  the  difference 
between  the  two  classes,  because  the  one  class  com- 
prises a  large,  and  the  other  a  small,  proportion  of 
children.  To  repeat  figures  already  given,  38.2 
per  cent  of  the  native  white  of  foreign  or  mixed 
parentage  are  under  15  years  of  age,  as  compared 
with  5.7  per  cent  of  the  foreign-born  white.  Insan- 
ity being  generally  a  disease  of  adult  life,  it  follows 
that  any  class  including  relatively  few  children 
would  be  likely  to  show  a  higher  ratio  of  insanity 
than  another  class  including  relatively  many  children. 
The  influence  of  the  age  factor  may  be  elimuiated 
by  making  the  comparison  by  ago  groups,  on  the  basis 
of  the  statistics  presented  in  Table  67.  When  that  is 
done  the  difference  between  the  native  white  of  foreign 
or  mixed  parentage  and  the  foreign-bom  white  largely 
disappears.  In  no  single  age  group  does  the  ratio  for 
the  one  class  differ  widely  from  that  for  the  other.  In 
some  age  groups  the  ratio  for  the  foreign-bom  white  is 
the  higher  of  the  two,  in  others  it  is  the  lower,  but  the 
ratios  are  never  far  apart  and  in  some  instances  are 
identical  or  nearly  so. 


Table  67 


AGE  GP.ODP. 


INSANE  HAVING  GENERAL  PARALYSIS  OR  ALCOHOLIC 
PSYCHOSIS  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 


TotaL 


Native  white.i 

For- 

For- 

eign- 

Native 

eign  or 

born 

TotaL 

par- 

mixed 

white. 

entage. 

par- 
entage. 

Negro. 


.\Uag6s 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  vears 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  vears 

60  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over 
.\ge  unknown 

All  ages 

Under  15  years... 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  vears 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  .54  years 

55  to  59  vears 

60  to  64  years 

65  vears  and  over 


10,207 


21 

83 

363 

S34 

1,312 

1,700 

1,656 

1,362 

1,078 

687 

439 

521 

151 


6,400 


19 

58 

259 

544 

868 

1,126 

1,069 

812 

658 

401 

243 

270 

73 


4,049 


14 
31 

174 
357 
535 
647 
656 
505 
398 
257 
190 
225 
60 


2,351 


5 

27 

So 

187 

333 

479 

413 

307 

260 

144 

53 

45 

13 


3,081 


1 

8 
64 

221 
338 
468 
500 
480 
359 
244 
167 
208 
23 


SOS 


1 

17 
36 
55 
80 
68 
68 
46 
41 
30 
20 
32 
11 


NUMBER   PER  100,000  POPULATION  OF  SAME  AGE, 
RACE,  AND  NATIVITY. 


11.1 


0.1 
0.9 
4.0 
10.2 
18.8 
26.6 
31.5 
30.0 
27.6 
24.7 
19.4 
13.2 


9.4 


0.1 
0.8 
4.0 
9.7 
18.2 
26.0 
30,7 
27.9 
25.0 
21.4 
16.9 
11.0 


8.2 


0.1 
0.6 
3.7 
8.8 
15.7 
21.2 
26.8 
24.4 
20.4 
17.2 
15.5 
10.2 


12.4 


0.1 
1.2 
4.5 
12.1 
24.5 
37.5 
40.2 
36.4 
38.2 
37.9 
24.7 
17.6 


23.1 


0.1 
1.2 
4.5 
13.3 
22.4 
33.2 
38.4 
41.9 
38.8 
35.2 
26.6 
17.6 


5.1 


'0.0 
1.6 
3.5 
6.2 
12.0 
10.7 
14.9 
11.9 
12.6 
14.3 
10.7 
10.9 


1  In  this  table  the  native  white  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  apportioned 
between  the  two  classes  of  known  parentage. 
'  More  exactly,  0.02. 

The  ratios  for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage 
fn  the  several  age  groups  fall  considerably  below  those 
ior  the  two  classes  just  considered  while  the  ratios  for 
the  negroes  are  in  general  still  lower.     It  is  probable 


LENGTH  OF  TIME  IN  HOSPITALS. 


59 


that  in  the  totals  for  the  United  States  the  compari- 
son to  some  extent  reflects  the  influence  of  difi'erences 
in  the  territorial  distribution  of  the  several  classes. 
The  negroes  as  compared  with  the  whites  are  largely- 
concentrated  in  the  South,  where  in  general  the 
provisions  for  the  care  of  the  insane  in  institutions 
are  not  as  far  developed  as  they  are  in  the  North. 
The  foreign-born  white,  and  likewise  the  native 
white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  are  concen- 
trated in  cities  and  also  in  the  northeastern  section  of 
the  United  States  to  a  much  greater  extent  than  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage.  They  are  therefore 
more  afi'ected  by  the  influence  of  urban  conditions; 
and  as  shown  by  statistics  previously  presented,  the 
proportion  of  the  insane  afflicted  with  general  paralysis 
or  alcoliolic  psj'chosis  is  much  larger  in  urban  com- 
munities than  in  rural.  The  data  have  not  been 
tabulated  in  sufhcient  detail  to  make  it  possible 
to  compare  the  several  race  and  nativity  classes  in 
urban  and  rural  communities  separately.  The  follow- 
uig  table,  however,  presents  the  statistics  by  geo- 
graphic divisions,  so  that  the  comparison  can  be  made 
for  the  several  classes  living  within  the  same  section  of 
the  United  States. 


Table  68 

INSANE  HAVINO  GENERAL  PARALYSIS  OR  ALCOHOLIC 
PSYCHOSIS  ADMITTED   TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 

Total 

Native  white,  i 

For- 
eign- 
bom 

white. 

Total 

1  Native 
1    par- 
entage. 

For- 
eign or 
nii.\ed 

par- 
entage. 

Negro. 

nuhbes. 

United  States 

10,207 

6,400 

4,049 

2,351 

3,081 

505 

New  England 

1.278 

2.987 

2,329 

1,029 

857 

402 

303 

398 

624 

717 
1,732 
1,577 
681 
605 
303 
223 
246 
316 

351 
893 
904 
462 
560 
275 
210 
195 

366 

839 

673 

219 

45 

28 

13 

51 

541 

1,142 

629 

246 

81 

8 

30 

128 

276 

11 

Middle  Atlantic 

95 

East  North  Central   . 

59 

South  Atlantic. 

167 

West  South  Central.. 

30 

10 

Pacific 

199           117 

13 

NUMBER 

PEE    100,000  POPULATION 
AND  NATIVITY. 

OF   SAM 

E   RACE 

United  States..  . 

11.1 

9.4 

8.2 

12.4 

^.1 

5  1 

New  England 

19.5 
15.5 

12.8 
8.8 
7.0 
4.8 
3.4 
15.1 
14.9 

15.4 
12.3 
10.6 
7.0 
7.8 
5.3 
3.5 
11.8 
10.0 

13.4 
10.6 
9.3 
7.1 
7.6 
6.2 
3.6 
13.3 
9.4 

17.8  1 

15.0 

13.2 

6.8  1 
10.2 
13.0 

2.1  ! 

8.3 
11.1 

29.8 
23.7 
20.5 
15.2 
27.9 
9.2 
8.6 
29.3 
32.0 

16  6 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central 

19  6 

West  North  Central  . 

12  8 

South  Mlantic 

4  1 

East  South  Central     . 

3  4 

West  South  Central 

1  5 

46.6 

Pacific 

44.5 

NtlMBER 

PER   100,000  ADULTS  OF  S 
NATIVITY. 

VME  RAG 

E    AND 

United  States 

16.3 

14.7 

12.7 

20.1 

24.5 

8  2 

New  Encland 

26.8 
21.8 
18.1 
13.0 
11.3 
7.7 
5.6 
21.9 
19.7 

23.8 

19.5 
16.3 
11.0 
12.4 
8.7 
5.9 
18.6 
14.3 

18.3 
15.7 
14.3 
11.3 
10.fi 
8.3 
6.1 
20.9 
13.3 

33.3 
26.4 
20.0 
10.5 
I,i.2 
16.7 
3.4 
13.0 
16.5 

31.8 
25.4 
21.5 
15.9 
29.8 
9.6 
9.5 
31.0 
33.5 

21  9 

Middle  Atl.antlc 

29.5 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

16  9 

South  Atlantic 

6  8 

East  South  Central 

5  4 

West  Sovith  Central 

2.5 

Mountain 

57  2 

Pacific 

54.7 

'  In  this  table  the  native  white  of  unknown  parentage  have  been  apportioned 
between  the  two  classes  of  known  parentage. 


The  ratios  presented  in  the  last  section  of  the  above 
table  indicate  that  in  the  New  England,  Middle  At- 
lantic, and  East  North  Central  divisions  there  is  little 
difference  between  the  native  white  of  foreign  or 
mixed  parentage  and  the  foreign-born  white  as  regards 
the  number  of  cases  of  general  paralysis  and  alcohohc 
psychosis  in  proportion  to  the  total  number  of  adults. 
In  each  of  the  other  divisions  the  ratios  are  rather 
far  apart,  that  for  the  foreign-born  white  being  the 
larger  of  the  two  in  every  division  except  the  East 
South  Central. 

The  ratio  for  the  native  white  of  native  parentage  is 
considerably  lower  than  that  for  the  foreign-born  whites 
in  every  division,  and  is  also  lower  than  that  for  the 
native  whites  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  in  every 
division  except  the  West  North  Central,  West  South 
Central,  and  Mountain  divisions. 

In  the  South  the  ratio  for  the  negroes  falls  consider- 
ably below  that  for  any  of  the  three  classes  of  the 
white  population;  but  m  other  parts  of  the  United 
States  that  is  by  no  means  the  case.  On  the  contrary, 
in  every  northern  or  western  division  except  New  Eng- 
land the  ratio  for  negroes  is  higher  than  that  for  any 
class  of  the  white  population,  and  in  New  England  it 
is  higher  than  that  for  the  native  white  of  native 
parentage. 

LENGTH    OF   TIME    IX    HOSPITALS. 

For  all  but  14,162,  or  7.5  per  cent,  of  the  187,791 
insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  a 
report  was  obtained  as  to  the  total  length  of  time  spent 
in  hospitals  for  the  insane.  Of  the  total  number  report- 
ing 34.4  per  cent  had  been  in  hospitals  more  than  10 
years  and  11.6  per  cent  more  than  20  years  (see  Table 
69).  On  the  other  hand,  1.3.7  per  cent  had  been  in 
hospitals  less  than  one  year  and  22.6  per  cent  less  than 
two  years. 


Table  69 

rSSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON 
JAN.  1,   1910. 

TIME  SPENT  EN  HOSPFTALS  FOE 

Both  sexes. 

Male. 

Female. 

Num- 
•ber. 

Per 
cent 
dis- 
tribu- 
tion. 

Per 

''*'^-      tribu- 

tiOD. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 
cent 
dis- 
tribu- 
tion. 

Total 

187,791 

98,695 

89,096 

T.pTlgtli  of  timp  tjTinwTi 

173,629  1  100.0 

91,108 

100.0 

82.521 

100  0 

76,035 
23,788 
15, 491 
14.703 
11,802 
10.251 
.37,836 
23.  772 
15.759 
20,227 

14,162 

43.7 
13.7 
8.9 
8.5 
8.8 
5.9 
21.8 
13.7 
9.1 
11.6 

40,927 
13,363 
8,235 
7,760 
6,299 
5,270 
19,548 
12.289 
8.146 
10,198 

7,587 

44.9 
14.7 
9.0 
8.5 
6.9 
5.8 
21.5 
13.5 
8.9 
11.2 

35, 108 

10,425 

7,256 

6,943 

5,503 

4,981 

18,288 

11.483 

7,013 

10,029 

6,575 

42  S 

12.6 

1  year  but  less  than  2 

2  years  but  less  than  3 

3  years  but  less  than  -1 

4  years  but  less  than  5 

5  years  but  less  than  10 

10  years  but  less  than  15 

15  years  bu  t  less  than  20 

20  -years  and  over. . .. 

8.8 
8.4 
6.7 
6.0 
22.2 
13.9 
9.2 
12.2 

Length  of  time  unknown 

These  statistics  indicate  that  the  inmates  present  in 
hospitals  for  the  insane  on  January  1,  1910,  had  spent 
on  the  average  not  less  than  seven  years  in  such  insti- 
tutions, and  probably  nearer  eight  years  than  seven. 
This,  however,    affords   no    measure    of   the   average 


60 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


term  in  hospitals,  or,  in  other  words,  the  average 
length  of  time  the  patients  spend  in  the  hospitals 
before  death  or  final  discharge.  That  average  might 
be  either  larger  or  smaller  than  the  one  derived  from 
these  statistics;  for,  on  the  one  hand,  the  population 
present  on  a  given  day  includes  a  comparatively  large 
representation  of  those  who  remain  in  hospitals  a  long 
time  and  a  comparatively  small  representation  of 
those  whose  stay  is  short;  and,  on  the  other  hand,  the 
average  length  of  time  for  the  pei-sons  present  is  of 
course  only  the  average  up  to  date,  and  therefore  is 
considerably  less  than  the  final  average  will  be  when 
their  sojom-n  in  hospitals  comes  to  an  end. 

The  average  age  when  first  admitted  of  those  present 
in  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910,  was  not  far  from  37^' 
years,  while  their  average  age  at  the  time  of  enumera- 
tion was  about  45,  thus  indicating  that  the  average 
interval  between  first  admission  and  date  of  enumer- 
ation was  about  eight  years,  which  is  practically  the 
same  as  the  figure  derived  from  the  computation  based 
on  the  reported  length  of  time  in  hospitals. 

A  computation,  by  the  same  method,  of  the  avez-age 
age  of  those  discharged  from  hospitals  for  the  insane 
in  1910  brings  out  the  rather  surprising  fact  that  they 
were  apparently  younger  than  those  admitted  in  the 
same  year,  the  average  age  of  the  latter  being  about  41, 
wliile  the  average  age  of  those  discharged  was  about  39. 
This  must  mean  that  those  discharged  come  largely 
from  the  younger  inmates,  or  that,  in  other  words, 
persons  admitted  at  more  advanced  ages  are  more  apt 
to  remain  permanently  than  those  admitted  at  younger 
ages;  it  also  indicates  that  the  patients  discharged 
have  usually  been  in  hospitals  a  comparatively  short 
time,  and  that  the  recovery  or  the  improvement  in  the 
condition  of  the  insane  generally  takes  place  within  a 
short  time  after  admission  or  not  at  all.  It  would 
seem,  therefore,  that  as  regards  length  of  residence  in 
hospitals  for  the  insane  the  inmates  could  be  divided 
into  two  broad  and  fairly  well-defined  classe.s — those 
who  remain  but  a  short  time  and  those  who  remain 
many  years  or  until  death.  The  average  age  at  death 
of  those  who  died  in  1910  in  hospitals  for  the  insane 
was  not  far  from  51. 

For  convenience  of  reference  and  comparison  the 
average  ages  as  computed  for  various  classes  of  inmates 
are  here  presented  in  a  summary  statement. 

Approximate  average  age: 

Of  persons  admitted  in  1910 41 

Of  inmates  present  on  January  1,  1910 45 

Of  inmates  dying  in  1910 51 

Of  inmates  discharged  in  1910 39 

Approximate  average  age  at  first  admission: 

Of  persons  admitted  in  1910 40 

Of  mmates  present  on  January  1,  1910 38 

'  The  average  age  as  here  given  is  only  approximate  because  the 
age  returns  were  tabulated  not  by  single  years  but  by  five-year 
periods.  Taking  the  minimum  age  in  each  period  (except  the 
youngest,  "under  15  years."  for  which  15  years  was  taken),  the 
average  age  at  first  admission  is  35.1.  This  may  be  accepted  as 
the  minimum.  The  maximum  limit  in  each  group  (taking  70  as 
the  maximum  for  the  age  group  "65  and  over")  would  ^ive  an 
average  five  years  older,  or  40.1  years.  The  true  average  is  prob- 
ably not  far  from  the  mean  between  these  extremes,  or  about  37J 
years. 


DURATION    OF   PRESENT    ATTACK. 

The  duration  of  the  present  attack  of  insanity  was 
reported  for  about  four-fifths  of  the  persons  admitted 
to  hospitals  in  1910.  The  figures  indicate  that  in  the 
great  majority  of  cases  the  insane  were  committed  within 
a  comparatively  short  time  after  the  attack  came  on. 
In  15.6  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  cases  for  which 
a  report  was  obtained  the  attack  of  insanity  had  come  on 
within  the  month  preceding  admission;  in  42.1  percent 
it  had  come  on  within  the  preceding  tliree  months ;  in 
54.1  percent,  or  more  than  one-half  of  the  total  number, 
witliin  the  preceding  six  months;  and  in  64.5  percent, 
or  almost  two-thirds,  within  the  preceding  12  months. 
In  9.5  per  cent,  or  nearly  one-tenth,  of  the  reported 
cases  the  attack  had  lasted  six  years  or  more  prior  to 
admission  to  the  hospital;  and  in  6.2  per  cent  it  had 
lasted  10  years  or  more.  It  is  probable,  however, 
that  in  many  instances  the  diseases  had  in  reahty 
been  existent  much  longer  than  the  reported  duration 
of  the  attack  would  indicate.  In  the  case  of  general 
paralysis  for  instance,  the  earhest  symptoms  make 
their  appearance  long  before  the  more  striking  inci- 
dents which  in  a  routine  clinical  history  of  the  case 
are  apt  to  be  recorded  as  determuiiag  the  onset  of  the 
attack.  The  figures  obtained  from  records  as  to 
duration  of  attack  should  probably  be  regarded  as  a 
minunum. 

Tlie  percentage  of  cases  in  which  the  attack  had 
lasted  less  than  3  months  was  not  so  large  for  the 
native  whites  (39.7)  as  for  the  foreign-born  wliites 
(45.7),  and  not  so  large  for  the  latter  as  for  the  negroes 
(51.6).  The  percentage  for  females  (40.7)  was  some- 
what smaller  than  that  for  males  (43.3). 


Table  70 

rSSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPrTALS:  1910. 

DTJRATION  OF  PRESENT  AT- 

Total.' 

Native  white. 

Foreign- 
bom 
white. 

SION. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age im- 
known. 

Negro. 

NUMBEK. 

Total    .          

60,769 

24,634 

10,685 

4,410 

15,523 

4,384 

Total  reporting       

48,603 

20,902 

8,671 

3,068 

11,937 

3,464 

Less  tlian  3  months. . . 
3  to  6  months 

20, 470 
5,845 
5,013 
5, 192 
5,234 
3.823 
3,026 

12,166 

8,338 
2,660 
2,165 
2,295 
2,273 
1,669 
1,502 

3,632 

3,403 

1,027 
915 
956 

1,005 
749 
616 

2,014 

1,227 
354 
305 
344 
326 
264 
248 

1,342 

5,461 
1,331 
1,238 
1,189 
1,299 
912 
507 

3,586 

1,787 
406 

6  to  12  months 

1  to  2  years          

339 
344 

277 

4  to  10  years        

183 

10  years  or  more 

Not  reporting 

128 
920 

PEE  CENT  DISTRmUTION. 

Total  reporting 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100. 0 

Less  than  3  months. . . 

42.1 
12.0 
10.3 
10.7 
10.8 
7.9 
6.2 

39.9 
12.7 
10.4 
11.0 
10.9 
8.0 
7.2 

39.2 
11.8 
10.6 
11.0 
11.6 
8.6 
7.1 

40.0 
11.5 
9.9 
11.2 
10.6 
8.6 
8.1 

45.7 
11.2 
10.4 
10.0 
10.9 
7.6 
4.2 

51.6 
11.7 

6  to  12  months 

9.8 
9.9 

2  to  4  years          

8.0 

5.3 

10  years  or  more 

3.7 

1  Includes  white  of  imlcnown  nativity  and  colored  persons  other  than  negro. 


PREVIOUS  ADMISSIONS. 


61 


PREVIOUS    ADMISSIONS. 

Of  the  60,769  persons  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  in  1910,  40,130,  or  65  per  cent,  were  reported 
as  first  admissions,  and  13,914,  or  23  per  cent,  were 
reported  as  having  previously  been  in  hospitals  for  the 
insane,  while  in  the  case  of  6,715,  or  11.1  per  cent 
of  the  total  number,  no  information  covering  this 
question  was  obtained.  The  number  of  persons  who 
had  been  previously  admitted  represents  about  26 
per  cent  of  the  total  number  for  which  the  facts  as 
to  previous  admissions  were  ascertained.  The  figures 
indicate,  therefore,  that  somewhat  more  than  one- 
fourth  of  the  persons  admitted  to  hospitals  for  the 
insane  in  the  year  1910  were  recun-ent  cases. 


Table  71 


NUMBER  OF  PREVIOUS  ADMISSIONS. 


Total 

Number  reporting 

Not  previously  admitted 

Previously  admitted 

Number  of  previous  admissions: 

One 

Two 

Three 

Four 

Five  or  more 

Number  not  reporting 


insane  admitted  to 
hospitals:   1910. 


Number. 


60, 769 


54, 054 


40, 139 
13,924 


9,853 

2,474 

855 

336 

406 

6.715 


Per  cent 
of  total. 


66.0 
22.9 


16.2 
4.1 
1.4 
0.6 
0.7 

11.1 


Percent 

of  total 

reporting. 


74.2 
25.8 


18.2 
4.6 
1.6 
0.6 
0.8 

12.4 


The  following  table  giving  the  data  by  race  and 
nativity  indicates  that  the  percentage  previousl}' 
iji  hospitals  for  the  insane  is  larger  for  whites  than  for 
negroes,  and  somewhat  larger  for  the  native  wliites 
than  for  the  foreign-born  whites. 


Table  72 


RACE,   NATIVITY,   AND  SEX. 


Aggregate 

Male 

Female 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mi.xcd  parentage . 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  born 

Nativity  unknown 

Negro 

Other  colored 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS:   1910. 


Total. 


34,116 
26, 653 

66,182 


39, 629 
24,  534 
10,  685 

4,410 
15, 523 

1,030 

4,384 
203 


Reporting  as  to  previous 
admission. 


Total. 


29,987 
24,067 

50,239 


35, 643 

22, 492 

9,984 

3,167 

14,038 

558 

3,663 

152 


Previously 
admitted. 


Not 

report- 

mg. 


Num- 
ijer. 


13,924 


7,560 
6,304 


13,361 


9,813 
5, 920 
2,971 

922 
3,365 

183 

534 

29 


Per 
cent. 


25.8 


25.2 
26.4 


26.6 


27.5 
26.3 
29.8 
29.1 
24.0 
32.8 

14.6 
19.1 


6,715 


4,129 
2,686 

5,943 


3,986 
2,042 

701 
1,243 
1,485 

472 

721 
51 


The  percentages  in  the  above  table  are  based 
not  on  the  total  number  admitted  but  on  the 
number  for  whom  the  information  as  to  prior  ad- 
missions was  obtained.  The  percentage  reporting 
prior  admissions,  computed  on  that  basis,  was  26.6 


for  the  whites,  27.5  for  the  native  whites,  24  for  the 
foreign-born  wliites,  and  14.6  for  the  negroes.  It 
was  26.3  for  the  native  whites  of  native  parentage 
and  29. S  for  the  native  whites  of  foreign  or  mixed 
parentage.  The  reasons  for  these  differences  are  not 
apparent  and  it  may  be  doubted  whether  the  differ- 
ences have  in  fact  very  much  significance.  They  may 
simply  reflect  variations  in  the  accuracy  and  complete- 
ness of  the  information  obtained  from  the  different 
classes  of  the  population  regarding  the  previous 
Iiistory  of  the  case. 

The  variations  between  the  different  sections  of  the 
country  are  shown  in  the  following  table : 


Table  73 


DIVISION,  AND  RACE  AND  NATIVITY. 


United  States  i. 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


New  England  ' . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


Middle  Atl.4NTIC  i . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


East  North  Central  ' . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


West  North  Central  ■ . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


South  Atlantic  ' . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


East  South  Central'. 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


West  South  Central'. 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


Mountain  ' . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white. 
Negro 


Pacific  ' . 


Native  white 

Foreign-born  white . 
Negro 


insane  .admitted  to  hospitals:  1910. 


Total. 


39, 629 
15, 623 
4,384 


4,369 

2,438 

102 


8,687 

5,433 

439 


13,191 


9,203 

3,365 

304 


5,070 

1,790 

260 


6,726 


4,417 

352 

1,900 


2,637 
85 
950 


2,968 


2,321 
230 
343 


1,623 


1,006 
515 
29 


3,463 


1,919 

1,315 

67 


Reporting;  as  to  previous 
admission. 


Total. 


35, 643 
14,038 
3,663 


Previously 
admitted. 


Num- 
t)er. 


Per 

cent. 


13,924 


9,813 

3,365 

534 


6,788        2,031 


25.8 


27.5 
24.0 
14.6 


29.9 


4,242 

2,385 

100 


8,308 

6,224 

406 


12,062 


8,602 

3,117 

264 


6,299 


4,362 

1,521 

197 


5,873 


3,793 

262 

1,791 


2,134 
72 
571 


2,172 
213 
276 


1,184 


764 
356 
22 


1,366 

SS8 

37 


1,395 
599 
28 


32.9 

26.1 
28.0 


24.6 


2,219 

1,123 

75 


2,442 
749 
37 


1,188 

476 
52 


1,030 


799 
54 
170 


780 


649 
12 
118 


266 
130 


378 
199 


27.0 
21.5 
18.6 


28.7 
24.0 
14.0 


27.2 
31.2 
26.4 


21.1 

20.6 

9.5 


28. 0 


30.4 
16,7 
20.7 


22.0 
11.3 
14.1 


34.8 
36.5 
36.4 


27.7 
22.4 
18.9 


Not 
report- 
ing. 


6,715 


3,986 

1,485 
721 


198 


127 
S3 
2 


668 


379 
209 
34 


1,129 


701 
248 
40 


1,160 


708 

269 

63 


624 
90 
109 


901 


503 

13 

379 


263 


149 
17 
67 


439 


242 

159 

7 


1,105 


553 
427 
20 


I  Includes  white  of  unloiown  nativity  and  colored  persons  other  than  negro. 


62 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


DISCHARGES. 

The  number  of  persons  discharged  from  hospitals 
for  the  insane  in  the  year  1910  was  29,304.  Of  these 
24,241,  or  82.7  per  cent,  were  discharged  as  either  im- 
proved or  recovered;  4,397,  or  15  per  cent,  as  imim- 
provcd;  and  491,  or  1.7  per  cent,  as  not  insane.  No 
attempt  was  made  to  distinguish  the  "recovered" 
from  the  "improved."  The  reasons  why  this  was 
not  done  are  stated  in  the  report  on  the  insane  for 
1904  as  follows: 

There  is  no  standard  definition  of  what  constitutes  recovery  from 
insanity.  Some  officials  class  as  such  all  who  show  betterment, 
while  others  are  very  chary  in  describing  their  patients  as  having 
fully  recovered.  In  consequence  the  percentages  of  recoveries 
reported  from  different  institutions  vary  in  an  astounding  degree. 
It  therefore  seemed  wiser  to  group  all  recoveries  under  the  heading 
' '  Improved ' '  and  avoid  the  presentation  of  figures  that  could  not  be 
explained  and  therefore  might  lead  to  wholly  unfair  comparisons. 

The  returns  obtained  in  1904,  however,  gave  a  very 
dififerent  result  from  those  of  1910  as  regards  the  con- 
dition of  persons  discharged,  probably  because  of 
differences  in  the  terminologj^  used  at  the  two  censuses. 
In  the  schedules  for  1904  the  classes  distinguished 
were  the  "improved,"  the  "uurecovered,"  and  the 
"not  insane";  in  1910,  as  already  stated,  they  were  the 
"improved  or  recovered,"  the  "unimproved,"  and  the 
"not  insane."  The  results  of  the  classification  were 
as  follows: 


Table  74 

patients 

discharged 

from  insane 

hospitals: 

1910. 

class. 

patients 
dsicharged 
from  insane 

hospitals: 
1904. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 

cent 

distri- 

hu- 

tion. 

Num- 
ber. 

Per 

cent 
distri- 
bu- 
tion. 

Total 

29.304 

100.0 

Total 

22, 524 

100.0 

Improved  or  recovered. . 

24,241 

4,397 

491 

175 

82.7 
15.0 
1.7 
0.6 

17, 124 
3,144 
2,256 

76.2 

14.2 

9.6 

Not  reported  

The  classification  for  1904,  as  compared  with  that 
of  1910,  includes  a  much  smaller  percentage  of  "im- 
proved," a  class  which  is  supposed  to  include  the  "re- 
covered "and  a  much  larger  percentage  of  "not  insane." 
The  last-named  class  was  presumably  intended  to  cover 
only  those  cases  in  which  the  patient  proved  not  to  be 
insane;  but  the  large  proportion — almost  10  per  cent — 
so  classified  in  1904  makes  it  seem  probable  that  in 
the  absence  of  exphcit  instructions  the  agents  making 
the  returns  included  under  the  head  of  "not  insane" 
many  persons  who  had  been  insane  but  were  considered 
"recovered"  and  therefore  as  not  being  insane  at  the 
time  of  their  discharge.  In  1910,  it  may  be  noted,  the 
percentage  reported  to  have  been  discharged  as  not 
insane  was  only  1.7. 


The  proportion  of  persons  classified  as  recovered 
or  improved  in  the  total  number  of  persons  discharged 
from  hospitals  for  the  insane  varied  considerably  in 
different  sections  of  the  United  States,  as  is  indicated 
by  Table  75.  In  New  England  75.3  per  cent  of  the 
persons  discharged  were  reported  as  "recovered  or 
improved";  in  the  Middle  Atlantic  division  the  per- 
centage was  85.4.  In  no  division  was  the  percentage 
lower  than  it  was  in  New  England;  but  in  three 
divisions  it  was  sUghtly  higher  than  it  was  in  the 
Middle  Atlantic  division.  The  variations  are  not 
easily  explained  and  perhaps  are  not  especially  sig- 
nificant. Probably  they  represent  differences  in 
standards  and  practices  as  regards  the  discharge  of 
patients,  but  they  may  be  affected  by  differences  in 
the  class  of  cases  treated. 


Table  75 

IN.SANE 

DISCHARGED  FROM  HOSPITALS: 

1910. 

DIVISION. 

Total. 

Improved 

or  re- 
covered. 

Unim- 
proved. 

Not 
insane. 

Condi- 
tion 
not  re- 
ported. 

NUMBER. 

United  States 

29,304 

24,241 

4,397 

491 

175 

3.343 
6,871 
6,609 
3,470 
3,226 
2,050 
1,524 
666 
1,545 

2,517 
5,867 
5,326 
3,031 
2,707 
1,581 
1,323 
557 
1,332 

762 
843 
1.140 
388 
414 
425 
183 
87 
155 

47 
130 
114 
35 
78 
28 
13 
15 
31 

17 

Middle  Atlantic      

31 

29 

West  North  Central 

16 

27 

East  South  Central 

16 

5 

Mountain 

7 

Pacific 

27 

1 

PER  CENT  OF  TOTAL. 

United  States 

100.0 

82.7 

15.0 

1.7 

0.6 

100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

75.3 

85.4 
80.6 
87.  3 
83.9 
77.1 
86.8 
83.6 
86.2 

22.8 
12.3 
17.2 
11.2 
12.8 
20.7 
12.0 
13.1 
10.0 

1.4 
1.9 
1.7 
1.0 
2.4 
1.4 
0.9 
2.3 
2.0 

0.5 

Middle  .\tlantic   

0.5. 

East  North  Central 

0.4 

0.5 

South  Atlantic 

0.8 

o.a 

West  South  Central     

0.3 

1.1 

Pacific 

1.7 

DE.\THS. 

The  number  of  mmates  of  insane  hospitals  who  died 
during  the  year  1910  was  18,924,  representing  a  death 
rate  of  100.8  per  1,000  inmates  present  at  the  beginnmg 
of  the  year.  Some  of  the  deaths  which  occurred,  how- 
ever, were  of  persons  admitted  after  the  first  of  the  year, 
and  basing  the  death  rate  upon  the  mmates  present  at 
the  beginning  of  the  year  plus  those  admitted  durmg^ 
the  year,  it  becomes  76.1.  The  rate  is  naturally  very 
high  because  it  relates  to  a  class  of  people  not  in 
normal  health. 

The  figures  indicate  an  exceptionally  high  death  rate 
for  the  comparatively  small  group  of  inmates  under  the 
age  of  15  (see  Table  76).  The  rate  declines  in  the 
next  older  groups,  reaching  the  minimum  in  the  group 
25  to  29  years  of  age.  Thereafter  it  increases  and,  as 
would  bo  expected,  becomes  exceptionally-  liigli  again 
in  the  age  groups  above  60. 


DEATHS. 


63 


Table  76 


All  ages  . . 

Under  15  years  . 
15  to  19  Tears  . . . 
20  to  24  years  . . , 
25  to  29  years... 
30 to3»  years  ... 
35  to  39  years  . . . 
40  to  44  years... 
45  to  49  years . . . 
50  to  54  years . 
55  to  59  years  . 
60  to  64  years  . 


668 
4,851 
13,502 
21, 110 
26,386 
30,351 
29,790 
28,555 
25, 762 
19, 751 
15,601 

65  years  and  over |      28, 042 

Age  unlmown |       4, 191 


DiaANE  IN  hospitals:  1910. 


Present  on  Jan.  1,  or  ad- 
mitted during  tlie  year. 


Total. 


248,560 


Present 
Jan.  1. 


187,791 


341 
2,312 
7,801 
14,083 
19,091 
22,856 
23,321 
22,874 
20,885 
16,383 
12,729 
21,881 
3,234 


Admit- 
ted dur- 
ing tlie 
year. 


60,769 


327 
2,539 
5,701 
7,027 
7,295 
7,495 
6,469 
5,681 
4,877 
3,368 
2,872 
6,161 

957 


Deaths  during 
the  year. 


Num- 
ber. 


Per 

1,000 
inmates 
present 

on 
Jan.  1. 


18,924 


44 

215 

591 

920 

1,346 

1,673 

1,764 

1,716 

1,846 

1,486 

1,615 

5,336 

372 


100.8 


129.0 
93.0 
75.8 
65.3 
70.5 
73.2 
75.6 
75.0 
88.4 
90.7 
126.9 
243.9 
IIS.D 


The  distribution  according  to  cause  of  death  is 
showTi  in  the  following  table,  which  also  gives  for 
purposes  of  comparison  the  distribution  of  the  deaths 
occurring  in  the  total  adult  popidation  m  the  registra- 
tion area  ^  of  the  United  States. 


Table  77 


CADSE  OF  DEATH. 


All  classes. 


Typhoid  fever 

Dysentery 

Erysipelas 

Tuberculosis  of  the  lungs 

other  forms  of  tuberculosis 

Cancer  andothermalignant  tumors 

Diabetes 

Diseases  of  the  nervous  system 

Cerebral  hemorrhage  and  softening 

General  paralysis  of  the  insane 

other  forms  of  mental  alienation 

Epilepsy 

All  other  diseases  of  the  nervous  system.. 

Organic  diseases  of  the  heart 

Diseases  of  tlie  arteries 

Pneumonia 

Diarrhea  and  enteritis 

Nephritis  and  Bright's  disease 

Senility 

Suicide 

Another  forms  of  violence 

All  other  causes 

Cause  unknown  or  ill-defined 


DEATHS:  1910. 


Among  insane 
in  hospitals. 


Num- 
ber. 


18,924 


113 

145 

157 

2.433 

217 

282 

44 

6,006 

1,147 

2,447 

1,179 

795 

438 

1,450 

755 

1,609 

497 

1,107 

1,084 

154 

150 

2,661 

160 


Per 
cent 
distri- 
bution. 


In  population  15 
years  of  age  and 

over  in  the 
registration  area. 


Num- 
ber. 


100.0 


0.6 
0.8 
0.8 

12.9 
1.1 
1.5 
0.2 

31.7 
6.1 

12.9 
6.2 
4.2 
2.3 
7.7 
4.0 
8.0 
2.6 
5.8 
5.7 
0.8 
0.8 

14.1 
0.8 


558, 414 


10, 507 

2,048 

1,645 

69,749 

7,370 

40,700 

7,576 

62,945 

40,006 

2,943 

1,757 

1,927 

16,312 

73,115 

11,641 

37,937 

5,464 

50,965 

13,604 

8,558 

36,635 

113,662 

4,293 


Per 

cent 
distri- 
bution. 


100.0 


1.9 
0.4 
0.3 

12.5 
1.3 
7.3 
1.4 

11.3 
7.2 
0.5 
0.3 
0.3 
2.9 

13.1 
2.1 
6.8 
1.0 
9.1 
2.4 
1.5 
6.6 

20.4 
0.8 


Naturally  a  largo  proportion  of  the  deaths  occurring 
among  the  insane  are  caused  by  diseases  of  the  brain 
or  nervous  system,  12.9  per  cent,  or  more  than  one- 
eighth,  of  the  total  number  being  caused  by  general 
paralysis    of   the   insane,    6.1    per   cent   by   cerebral 

'  The  ' '  registration  area ' '  is  the  area  covered  by  the  annual  mor- 
tality reports  of  the  Bureau  of  the  Census.  It  includes  those  states 
and  cities  in  which  the  local  registration  of  deallis  is  sufficiently 
accurate  and  complete  to  be  accepted  by  the  Bureau  of  the  Census 
aa  a  reliable  basis  for  the  compilation  of  death  rates.  It  comprised 
in  1910  about  58  per  cent  or  the  total  population  of  the  United 
SUtes. 


hemorrhage  and  softening,  6.2  per  cent  by  "other 
forms  of  mental  alienation,"  4.2  per  cent  by  epilepsy, 
and  2.3  per  cent  by  "all  other  diseases  of  the  nervous 
system."  In  all,  the  diseases  of  this  group  caused 
31.7  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  deaths  occurring 
among  the  insane,  as  compared  with  11.3  per  cent  of 
the  deaths  occurring  hi  the  adult  population  of  the 
registration  area  of  the  United  States.  It  may  be 
noted,  however,  that  cerebral  hemorrhage  and  soften- 
ing accounts  for  a  larger  proportion  of  the  total  deaths 
of  adults  than  it  does  of  the  total  deaths  of  the  insane 
alone — 7.2  per  cent  of  the  total  in  one  case  and  6.1 
per  cent  m  the  other.  If  this  disease  be  omitted  from 
the  group  of  diseases  of  the  nei-vous  system,  the  other 
diseases  in  that  group  account  for  25.7  per  cent,  or 
one-fourth,  of  the  deaths  among  the  insane  in  compari- 
son with  4.1  per  cent  of  the  deaths  in  the  total  adidt 
population.  It  is  probable,  however,  that  the  con- 
trast is  not  in  fact  as  great  as  these  figures  would  in- 
dicate. The  report  of  deaths  from  general  paralysis 
occurring  outside  of  hospitals  for  the  insane  is  be- 
heved  to  be  very  deficient,  many  of  these  deaths  being 
wrongly  reported  as  due  to  other  causes. 

The  proportion  of  deaths  caused  by  tuberctdosis  of 
the  limgs  is  almost  the  same  for  the  insane  as  it  is  for 
the  total  adult  popidation — 12.9  per  cent  of  the 
total  deaths  m  one  case  and  12.5  per  cent  in  the  other. 
Heart  disease,  cancer,  and  nephritis  are  of  less  impor- 
tance as  causes  of  death  among  the  insane  than  among 
the  general  population,  while  pneumonia  is  of  greater 
importance.  Suicide  accoimts  for  0.8  per  cent  of 
the  deaths  occurring  among  the  insane  confined  in 
hospitals,  and  for  1 .5  per  cent  of  the  deaths  in  the  total 
adult  population. 


Table  78 


AGE  GROUP. 


Total 

Under  25  years.-. 

25  to  34  years 

35  to  44  years 

45  to  54  years 

65  to  64  years 

65  years  and  over 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED   IN  1910. 


Number. 


Male. 


11,045 


Female. 


7,879 


456 
1,251 
2,089 
2,263 
1,891 
2,878 


394 
1,015 
1,348 
1,299 
1,210 
2,458 


Nmnber  per  100,000 
inmates  present  on 
Jan.l,  1910. 


Male. 


111.9 


74.2 
65.9 
84.0 
100.1 
131.6 
292.3 


Female. 


88.4 


91.5 
71.5 
63.3 
61.4 
82.1 
204.3 


The  above  table  shows  the  nimiber  of  deaths  of 
persons  of  each  sex  in  each  specified  age  period,  with 
the  ratio  per  100,000  inmates  of  the  same  sex  and  age 
period  present  in  the  hospitals  on  January  1,  1910. 
The  total  death  rate  is  higher  for  males  than  for  females. 
In  the  two  age  groups  tmder  35,  the  diiTerence  is  the 
other  way,  the  death  rate  being  somewhat  higher  for 
females  than  for  males;  but  in  the  older  age  groups 
and  especially  after  the  age  of  44  the  rate  for  males  is 
very  much  the  higher  of  the  two. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS  RELATIVE  TO  THE  CARE  OF  THE  INSANE. 


Prepared  in  the  Bureau  of  the  Census  by  Mary  F.  Griffin  and  Louis  C.  Taylor. 


The  leading  provisions  regarding  the  insane  in  the 
laws  of  the  various  states  are  summarized  in  the  text 
and  tables  wliich  follow.  So  far  as  practicable  these 
provisions  are  sho-wn  in  tabidar  form.  Tables  1  to  3, 
inclusive,  present  information  regarding  administrative 
and  supervisory  agencies.  Table  4  gives  a  classification 
of  pubhc  iastitutions  for  the  insane,  and  Tables  5  to  8 
deal  with  commitment  and  dischai^e,  while  Table  9 
shows  provisions  for  the  cost  of  maintenance  of  pa- 
tients in  the  state  hospitals.  In  these  tables  no 
account  is  taken  of  provisions  for  the  criminal  insane, 
which  may  or  may  not  be  the  same  as  for  other  insane 
persons;  but  Tables  10  to  15  are  summaries  of  the 
laws  relating  to  this  class. 

Unless  otherwise  specified  the  laws  were  in  force  on 
January  1, 1910.  Subsequent  enactments  and  changes 
up  to  and  including  the  session  laws  of  1914 '  are  noted 
in  the  tables  and  the  text  either  by  notes  or  by  paren- 
thetic clauses.  In  general,  blank  spaces  in  the  tables 
or  the  omission  of  the  names  of  states  indicate  that 
no  provisions  have  been  found.  Provisions  obviously 
obsolete  but  unrepealed  have  been  disregarded  entirely 
imless  they  appeared  in  recent  official  codes. 

GENERAL    ADMINISTRATIVE    OR    SUPERVISORY 
AGENCIES. 

Table  1  includes  aU  state  boards  having  oversight 
of  the  insane,  except  those  whose  duties  are  restricted 
to  a  single  institution.  Information  regarding  the 
latter  class  of  boards  is  given  in  Table  2. 

Of  the  state  boards  concerned  Avith  the  care  of  the 
insane  the  majority  fall  into  one  of  three  main  classes, 
namely,   (1)  insanity  boards  or  lunacy  conmaissions, 

(2)  boards  of  control  or  boards  of  administration,  and 

(3)  boards  of  charities. 

Boards  of  insanity  or  limacy  commissions  have  been 
created  in  nine  states,  namely,  California,  Maryland, 
Massachusetts,  Montana,  Nevada,  New  Hampshire, 
New  York,  Utah,  and  Vermont.  The  fimctions  of 
the  boards  in  Montana  and  Nevada  are  practically 
restricted  to  the  management  of  the  state  hospital; 
but  in  the  other  states,  with  the  exception  of  Utah, 
the  relations  of  such  boards  with  the  state  hospitals 
are  super\-isory  instead  of  administrative. 

The  duties  of  the  boards  of  control  or  boards  of 
administration  are  chiefly  administrative,  particularly 
their  duties  with  respect  to  the  state  institutions,  though 
some  of  these  boards  are  charged  with  the  supervision 
or  inspection  of  pubhc  institutions  other  than  those 
maintained  by  the  state  and  of  private  institutions. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  duties  of  the  state  boards  of 

'  The  session  laws  for  1914  were  not  available  for  Georgia,  Massa- 
chusetts, New  Mexico,  or  South  Carolina.  For  these  states,  there- 
fore, the  summary  covers  the  laws  through  1913  only. 

(64) 


charities  are  in  most  cases  chiefly,  if  not  wholly,  super- 
visory. The  board  of  state  charities  and  corrections 
in  Rhode  Island  and  the  state  board  of  charities  and 
corrections  in  South  Dakota,  however,  are  exceptional 
in  this  respect,  each  being  primarily  administrative. 

The  boards  of  control  now  in  existence  are  some- 
what less  numerous  than  the  agencies  such  as  boards 
and  commissioners  of  charities  which  have  supervi- 
sion over  the  insane,  but  it  wiU  be  observed  that  six 
of  the  seven  boards  shown  as  having  been  created  since 
January  1,  1910,  are  administrative  boards. 

In  addition  to  the  boards  having  administrative  or 
supervisory  powers  and  duties  with  respect  to  insane 
hospitals,  there  are  a  few  boards  or  committees  which 
are  strictly  visitatorial  in  character.  Besides  the  states 
where  such  boards  were  found  to  exist  on  January  1, 
1910,  or  subsequently,  there  are  others  whose  laws 
contain  provisions  specifically  permitting  the  appoint- 
ment of  visiting  committees.  In  Kansas,  for  instance, 
the  goveiTior  is  authorized  to  appoint  a  visiting  com- 
mittee for  the  state  institutions.  The  laws  of  West 
Vii'ginia  call  for  a  biennial  investigation  of  the  insane 
hospitals  by  a  joint  committee  of  the  legislature.  In 
Tennessee  the  governor,  judges  of  courts,  and  members 
of  the  general  assembly  are  ex  officio  visitors  of  the  hos- 
pitals. In  New  York  justices  of  the  supreme  court  are 
authorized  to  appoint  visitoi-s  to  state  hospitals  upon 
nomination  of  the  state  charities  aid  association. 

The  functions  of  a  general  state  board  are  performed 
by  the  boards  of  trustees  of  the  insane  hospitals  of 
Michigan  (see  Table  2)  when  they  meet  jointly  twice 
each  year,  or  oftener,  at  different  hospitals  to  adjust 
questions  pertaining  to  the  institutions. 

The  commissioner  of  charities  and  corrections  of 
New  Jereey  has  authority  to  summon  as  an  advisory 
board  the  chief  executive  officers  of  the  state  insti- 
tutions and  of  all  institutions  in  the  state  receiving 
funds  from  the  state  treasury. 

Among  the  boards  shown  in  Table  1  the  uncom- 
pensated board  is  the  more  common,  although  several 
salaried  boards  exist  and  only  two  of  the  seven  boards 
created  since  January  1,  1910,  have  uncompensated 
members.  Most  of  the  boards  of  control  have  salaried 
members,  whereas  practically  all  of  the  boards  of 
charities  shown  are  made  up  of  members  who  receive 
no  compensation  (other  than  their  necessary  expenses). 
Ex  officio  members  who  receive  no  compensation  for 
their  services  other  than  the  salary  of  the  position  by 
virtue  of  which  they  serve  on  the  board  are  listed  as 
receiving  no  compensation. 

Of  the  membei-s  of  the  boards  shown  in  this  table 
practically  all  either  hold  membersliip  on  the  board 
by  virtue  of  their  official  positions  or  are  appointed  by 
the  governor.     Tlie  board  of  trustees  controlling  the 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


65 


state  hospitals  in  Alabama,  however,  is  self-perpetu- 
ating, and  the  members  of  the  board  of  pubhc  char- 
ities of  North  CaroUna  are  elected  by  the  general 
assembly.  Appointments  made  by  the  governor  must 
usually  have  the  consent  of  the  senate,  or,  in  some 
states,  the  council. 

In  stating  the  term  of  office  of  members  the  laws 
frequently  add  some  quahfying  phrase  such  as  "and 
until  a  successor  is  appointed  and  quahfied"  or  "unless 
sooner  removed  for  cause,"  and  in  some  cases  members 
hold  office  at  the  pleasure  of  the  governor  for  a  term 
not  to  exceed  a  specified  number  of  years.  The  speci- 
fied number  of  years  is  shown  in  the  table  as  the  term 
of  office.  In  some  cases,  if  members  of  boards  fail  to 
attend  regular  meetings  for  a  specified  length  of  time, 
their  places  may  be  declared  vacant. 

Among  the  restrictions  with  regard  to  the  member- 
ship of  the  general  state  boards  which  appear  in  the 
statutes  the  most  common  relate  to  poUtical  affiUa- 
tions,  such  as  provisions  stating  that  not  more  than  a 
specified  number  of  members  may  belong  to  the  same 
pohtical  party,  or  the  dominant  pohtical  party. 

Women  members  are  required  on  some  of  the  boards. 
For  example,  the  board  of  hospital  trustees  in  Maine, 
the  state  board  of  charities  and  coiTections  in  the  same 
state,  and  the  board  of  control  of  Wisconsin  must  each 
have  one  woman  member,  while  the  state  board  of 
charities  in  Connecticut  and  the  state  board  of  char- 
ities and  corrections  in  Missouri  must  each  have  two 
women  members.  In  Ohio  there  is  a  committee  of 
visitors  composed  entirely  of  women. 

Restrictions  with  regard  to  the  county  or  district  of 
residence  of  members  of  the  general  state  boards  or  the 
length  of  their  residence  in  the  state  appear  in  the  stat- 
utes of  some  states.  In  Kansas,  for  instance,  no  two 
members  of  the  board  of  control  of  state  charitable 
institutions  may  be  residents  of  counties  in  which  any 
state  charitable  institution  is  located,  and  in  Kansas 
and  Wisconsin  no  two  members  may  reside  at  the  time 
of  appointment  in  the  same  congressional  district. 
The  latter  restriction  also  appUes  in  North  Dakota,  ac- 
cording to  a  law  of  1911. 


Special  knowledge  or  experience  with  I'egard  to  the 
insane  is  not  usually  required  by  law  in  the  case  of  any 
membei-s  of  the  general  boards  other  than  boards  de- 
voted exclusively  to  the  insane.  The  board  of  admm- 
istration  in  Illinois,  however,  must  have  one  member 
who  is  qualified  to  advise  about  the  care  and  treatment 
of  the  insane,  while  members  of  the  Ohio  board  of  ad- 
ministration must  be  selected  with  regard  to  knowledge 
concerning  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  insane  at  the 
institutions  and  concerning  business  management. 

In  the  case  of  most  of  the  state  boards  of  insanity 
one  member  must  be  a  physician  who  has  had  experi- 
ence in  the  treatment  of  the  msane.  The  lunacy  com- 
mission of  Maiyland  must  iaclude  two  physicians,  each 
a  graduate  of  some  legally  authorized  medical  college 
with  at  least  five  years'  actual  practice  in  medicine  just 
preceding  the  appointment;  one  of  these  must  have 
had  at  least  two  years'  experience  in  the  treatment  of 
the  msane.  Of  the  state  board  of  insanity  of  lilassa- 
chusetts  at  least  two  members  must  be  experts  ia 
insanity  and  the  executive  officer  must  be  a  physician 
and  expert  in  insanity.  One  member  of  the  state  hos- 
pital commission  of  New  York  must  be  a  physician  of  at 
least  ten  yeare'  actual  practice  and  five  yeai-s'  experi- 
ence in  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  insane  in  institu- 
tions for  the  insane,  and  another  must  be  an  attorney 
of  at  least  ten  years'  standing.  Similarly,  the  com- 
mittee on  lunacy  of  the  board  of  public  charities  of 
Pennsylvania  must  include  a  practicing  physician  of  at 
least  ten  yeai's'  standing  and  a  member  of  the  bar  of 
at  least  ten  years'  standing.  The  state  board  of  health 
of  New  Hampshu-e,  which  constitutes  a  commission 
of  hmacy,  comprises  the  governor,  the  attorney  gen- 
eral, three  physicians,  and  a  civil  engineer.  Of  the 
supervisors  of  the  insane  of  Vermont  two  must  be 
physicians. 

The  general  superintendent  of  state  hospitals  in  Cali- 
fornia is  requh-ed  to  be  a  graduate  of  an  incorporated 
medical  college  with  at  least  ten  years'  experience  in  his 
profession  as  well  as  sis  years'  experience  in  the  care 
and  treatment  of  the  insane,  at  least  one  year  of  which 
must  have  been  in  state  hospitals  of  California. 


Table  1.— GENERAL  ADMINISTRATIVE    OR   SUPERVISORY   AGENCIES  IN    EXISTENCE   ON   JANUARY  1, 

CREATED  SUBSEQUENTLY. 

(For  notes  to  this  table,  see  p.  67.) 


1910,  OR 


Num- 
ber of 
mem- 
bers. 


How  chosen. 


Term 

of 
office 
(yrs.) 

(') 


Compensation.' 


General  character  of  duties. 


AGENCIES  IN  EXISTENCE  ON  JANUARY  1, 1910. 


The  Alabama  Insane  Hospi- 

tals.3 
Board  of  Control 

7 
3 

(') 

7 

5 

7 
2 

2 

Management  of  state  insane  hosf-itels. 

Management  of  state  charitable,  penal, 
and  reformatory  institutions. 

Management  of  3  (4  since  1911)   state 
charitable  institutions. 

Supervision  of  all  public  charitable,  cor- 
rectional, and  penal  institutions. 

Administration  of  laws  regarding  care, 
custody,  and  treatment  of  insane  and 
other  incompetent  persons. 

Supervision  of  state  hospitals. 

Arizona 

Governor  and  state  auditor  ex 
olTicio;  other  member  appointed 
by  governor. 

State  treasurer  ex  ofhcio;  •  others 
appointed  by  governor. 

Governor  ex   olEcio;  others  up- 
pointed  by  governor. 

Ex  officio  members, 
none;  other  mem- 
bensalary. 

Ex  officio  members, 
none;  others,  per 
(Uem  during  ses- 
sion. 

Arkansas 

Board  of  Trustees. 

California 

state  Board  of  Charities  and 

Corrections. 
State  Commission  in  Lunacy. . 

General     Superintendent     of 
State  Hospitals." 

Appointed  by  governor 

27622°— 14- 


66 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  1 GENERAL    ADMINISTRATIVE    OR    SUPERVISORY   AGENCIES    IN   EXISTENCE  ON   JANUARY  1,  1910,  OR 

CREATED  SUBSEQUENTLY— Continued, 

(For  notes  to  this  table,  see  p.  67. ) 


Name. 


Num- 
ber of 
mem- 
bers. 


How  chosen. 


Term 

of 
office 
(yrs.) 

(') 


Compensation.' 


General  character  of  duties. 


AGENCIES  IN  EXISTENCE  ON  JANUARY  1, 1910— Continued. 


State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Corrections. 

State  Board  of  Charities 

5 
.5 

5 

S 

7 
3 

3 
3 

4 
6 

3 

7 

5 
5 
5 
3 
7 

3 
4 

3 

3 

6 

3 

5 

3 

7 
6 

"10 
9 

3 

»3 

Governor  ex  officio:  others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

Appointed  by  governor  .... 

6 

4 

3 

None 

None 

Investigation  of  system  of  public  chari- 

ties and  correctional  institutions;  in- 
spection of  chariiable  and  correctional 
institutions  and  insane  asylums  receiv- 
ing state,  county,  or  municipal  aid. 
Supervision  of  all  institutions  where  per- 

District of  Columbia. 
Florida 

Appointed  by  President  of  the 
United  SUtes. 

None     .  . 

sons  are  held  under  compulsion:  in- 
spection of  institutions  for  dependent 
classes. 

Supervision  of  charitable,  correctional, 
and  reformatory  institutions  and  asso- 
ciations which  receive  appropriations 
from  Congress  for  care  or  treatment  of 
residents  of  District  of  Columbia. 

Supervision  of  state  institutions:  man- 
agement of  state  hospital  for  insane. 

Management  of  all  slate  charitable  in- 
stitutions; inspection  of  all  places 
where  insane  are  detained. 

Inspection  of  public  charitable  institu- 
tions. 

Investigation  of  system  of  public  chari- 
ties and  correctional  institutions. 

Management  of  state  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions;  inspection  of 
county  and  private  insane  asylums. 

Inspection  of  insane  hospitals,  especially 
Investigation  of  treatment  of  insane. 

Management  of  all  state  charitable  Insti- 
tutions; inspection  of  all  places  where 
insane  are  detained:  admmistration  of 
laws  relating  to  insane. 

Management  of  state  charitable  institti- 
tions. 

Inspection  of  public  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions  and  private  in- 
sane asylums. 

Management  of  state  insane  hospitals. 

Inspection  of  insane  hospitals,  especially 

Investigation  of  treatment  of  inmates. 

Investigation  of  system  of  state  aid  to 

Board    of   Commissioners   of 

State  Institutions. 
Board  of  Administration 

'^bariti^s  Commissi"" 

None     

lUfnois 

Appointed  by  governor        .      

6 

5 
3 
8 

Salary 

None     .         . 

Board  of  State  Charities 

Board  of  Control  of  State  In- 
stitutions. 

Visiting  Committee 

Governor  ex  officio;  others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

None 

Per  diem  when  ac- 
tually employed. 
Salary 

Board  of  Control  of  State  Char- 
itable Institutions. 

Kentucky  State  Board  of  Con- 
trol for  Charitable  Institu- 
tions. 

State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Corrections. 

Committee  of  Trustees '» 

Committee  of  Visitors 

4 

4 

6 

3 

(») 

2 

4 

.5 

s 

6 
fi 

6 

Kentucky 

Appointed  by  governor. 

Salary 

Governor    ex    officio    chairman; 
others  appointed  by  governor. 

None 

Maine  . 

Per  diem  when  ac- 
tually employed. 

Per  diem  when  ac- 
tually employed. 

None 

Appointed  by  governor 

Board  of  State  Aid  and  Chari- 
ties. 

The  Lunacy  Commission 

State  Board  of  Insanity 

The  Board  of  Corrections  and 

Charities. 
State  Board  of  Control 

State  Board   of  Visitors   for 
Public  Institutions. 

State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Corrections. 

State  Board  of  Commissioners 

for  the  Insane. 
Board  of  Public  Lands  and 

Buildings.12 
State  Board  of  Charities  and 

Corrections. 
Board  of  Commissioners 

Commission  of  Lunacy  " 

Commissioner  of  Charities  and 

Correction.-;. 
State  Hospital  Commission  «. 

The  Board  of  Public  Chari- 
ties of  the  State  of  North 
Carolina. 

Board  of   Internal  Improve- 
ments. 

Board  of  State  Charities".... 

Committee  of  Women  Visitors 

Commissioner  of  Charities  and 
Corrections. 

Board  of  Public  Charities 

Board  of  State  Charities  and 
Corrections." 

State  Board  of  Charities  and 

Corrections. 
Visiting  Committ«e 

Appointed  by  governor - 

Attorney  general  ex  officio;  others 

appointed  by  governor. 
Appointed  bv  governor. . 

None  . 

institutions:  inspection  of  institutions 
receiving  state  aid. 

Supervision  of  all  institutions  In  which 
insane  are  detained. 

Supervision  of  all  institutions  for  persons 
of  unsound  mind. 

Supervision  of  charitable,  penal,  and  re- 
formatory institutions. 

None.    ... 

Michigan 

Governor  ex   officio:   others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

Governor  ex   officio:   others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

Governor  ex  officio:  others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

rectional  institutions. 

Inspection  of  state,  county,  and  munici- 
pal charitable  and  correctional  Institu- 
tions. 

Investigation  of  system  of  public  chari- 
ties and  corrections;  inspection  of  all 
charitable  ana  correctional  institutions 
and  insane  asylums  receiving  state, 
county,  or  municipal  aid. 

Missouri.. 

None 

Supervision  of  public  lauds,  buildings. 

Ex  officio,  including  governor. 

None 

and  noneducational  institutions. 
Investigation  of  system  of  public  chari- 
ties. 

Nevada. - 

New  Hampshire 

New  Jersey 

New  York 

Governor  and  attorney  general  ex 
officio:  others  appointed  by  gov- 
ernor. 

4 

2 

2 

3 

(») 
4 

5 
6 
6 

indigent  insane;  management  of  state 
hospital  for  insane. 
Supervision  of  all  institutions  for  the  in- 
sane. 

Inspection  of  all  charitable  and  correo 
tfonal  institutions  receiving  state  aid. 

Supervision  of  the  care,  custody,  and 
treatment  of  insane. 

Supervision  of  system  of  charitable  and 
penal  Institutions  of  state;  investiga- 
tion of  causes  of  mental  and  bodily 
infirmity. 

Investigation  of  public  institutions,  ex- 
cept higher  educational  institutions 
which  are  not  also  charitable. 

Investigation  of  system  of  public  benevo- 
lent and  correctional  institutions. 

Inspection  oi  benevolent,  correctional, 
and  pena   institutions  of  the  state. 

Investigation  ot  svstem  of  public  chari- 
ties and  corrections;  inspection  of 
charitable  and  correctional  institu- 
tions rece  ving  state,  coimty,  or  muni- 
cipal aid. 

Investigation  of  charitable  and  correc- 
tional institutions;  inspection  ot  places 
where  msane  are  detained. 

Supervision  oi  state  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions;  management  of 
state  asylum  for  the  insane. 

Management  of  state  charitable  and 
penal  institutions. 

Inspection  of  charitable  and  penal  insti- 
tutions ot  the  state. 

Salary 

North  Carolina. 

Elected  by  general  assembly 

Governor   ex   officio;   others   ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

Governor   ex   officio;   others   ap- 
pointed by  governor. 
Appointed  by  governor 

None... 

Ohio 

No"e. , 

None 

ovifthoma. . . 

Elected 

None 

Rhode  Island 

SoathDakoU 

Per  diem  when  ac- 
toaUy  employed. 

SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


67 


Table    1.— OBNERAL 


ADMINISTRATIVE  OR    SUPERVISORY  AGENCIES    IN    EXISTENCE  ON   JANUARY  1,  1910,  OR 
CREATED  SUBSEQUENTLY— Continued. 


Num- 
ber of 
mem- 
bers. 


How  chosen. 


Term 

of 
office 
(yrs.) 

(') 


lompensatlon.' 


CenertI  cliaracter  of  duU&j. 


AGENCIES  IN  EXISTENCE  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910— Continued. 


Tennessee 
Utah 

Vermont., 
Virginia... 


Washington.. 

West  Virginia 
Wisconsin 


Wyoming. 


Board  of  State  Charities. 
Board  of  Insanity 


Supervisors  of  the  Insane 3 

Board  of  Visitors i  3  or  I 


Governor  ex  officio;  others   ap- 
pointed by  governor. 
Ex  officio,  including  governor 


Appointed  by  governor 

3  ex  oliclo,  including  governor; 

at    discretion    of    governor,    1 

woman. 
.Appointed  by  governor 


Board  of  Charities  aud  Cor- 

rection.s.  I 

General  Board  of  Directors I    {")    i  Commissioner  of  state  hospitals 

j  j      for  insane,  ex  officio  chairman; 

'  '     others  appointed  by  governor. 


State  Board  of  Control. 


State  Board  of  Control . 
State  Board  of  Control . 

Visiting  Committee 


3     Appointed  by  governor . 

3     Appointed  by  governor . 
Appointed  by  governor. 


State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Reform. 


Appointed  by  governor  (2  mem- 
bers from  senate,  4  from  assem- 
bly). 

Ex  officio,  including  governor 


(2=) 


None.. 
None.. 


None. 


Commissioner  of 
state  hospitals  for 
insane,  salary;  oth- 
ers, none. 

Salary 


Salary.. 
Salary.. 

None... 


None.. 


Inve^igation  of  system  of  public  chari- 
table and  correctional  institutions. 

Supervision  and  control  of  insane  per- 
sons; management  of  State  Mental 
Hospital. 

Supervision  of  the  care,  custody,  and 
treatment  of  the  insane. 

Investigation  of  various  state  institutions 
and  of  public  and  private  institutions 
for  insane. 

Inspection  of  charitable  and  correctional 
institutions. 

Supervision  of  state  insane  hospitals. 


Management  of  state  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions;  supervision  of 
state  university,  college,  and  normal 
schools. 

Management  of  all  state  noneducational 
institutions. 

Management  of  state  charitable,  reforma- 
tory, aiid  penal  institutions;  investiga- 
titai  of  treatment  of  insane,  et«. 

Inspection  of  stat«  charitable,  reforma- 
tory, aud  penal  institutions. 

Supervision  and  control  of  state  charita- 
ble, reformatory,  and  penal  institu- 
tions, and  of  other  such  institutions, 
except  coimty  jail  and  poor  farm  at 
Lander. 


AGENCIES  CREATED  SINCE  JANUARY  1, 1910. 


Maine   

State  Board  of  Charities  and 
Corrections. 

Hospital  Trustees..           .  ... 

■5 

7 

3 

as 

3 

i 
3 

5 

4 
6 
(I.) 

2 

4 

Investigation  of  system  of  public  chari- 

Appointed bv  governor 

Per  diem  when  ac- 
tually employed. 

ties  and  correctional  institutions;  in- 
spection of  charitable  and  correctional 
iiLstituiion.s  receiving  state,  county,  or 
municipal  aid. 
Management  of  state  insane  hospitals 

Board   of  Commissioners   of 

State  Institutions. 
Board  of  Control 

and  s-hool  for  feeble-minded. 

New  Hampshire 

.Vorth  Dakota 

2  ex  officio,  including  governor; 
purchasing  agent  and  2  other 
members  appointed  by  governor. 

Appointed  bv  governor 

Ex  officio,none;  pur- 
chasing agent,  sal- 
t;ry;  other   mem- 
bers, per  diem. 

Salary 

tory,  and  penal  institutions. 
Management  of  state  charitable  institu- 

Board of  Control  of  State  In- 
stitutions. 

Tho  Ohio  Board  of  Adminis- 
tration. 

Oregon  Stale  Board  of  Con- 
trol.» 

tions. 
Management  of  all  charitable,  reforma- 

Ohio  

tory,  and  penal  institutions  cstablislied 
by  law,  except  Soldiers'  Home;  inves- 
tigation  of  methods  of  caring  for  insane, 
delinqiient,  and  criminal  classes. 

Management  of  state  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions,  except  Ohio 
Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Orphans'  Home. 

Management  of  state  charitable  and  cor- 
rectional institutions. 

NOTES  TO  TABLE  1. 

1  For  other  than  ex  officio  members. 

J  In  many  instances, especially  where  the  members  of  the  board  receive  no  compensation,  there  are  provisions  for  the  appointment  of  a  salaried  secretary  or  executive 
officer,  who  in  some  states  may  be  a  member  of  the  board.  Traveling  and  other  expenses  incurred  in  performing  the  duties  of  the  board  are  usually  paid  by  the  state  or 
an  allowance  in  lieu  of  such  expenses  or  mileage  is  granted.  In  the  case  of  ex  oflBcio  members  the  term  "none  "means  no  compensation  other  than  that  of  the  office  by  virtue 
of  which  they  are  members  of  the  board. 

»  Legal  name  as  given  in  act  creating  board. 

*  In  case  senate  disaiUrras  election  of  any  trustee.  It  must  declare  office  vacant  and  elect  another  person  to  serve  balance  of  term. 

*  One  appointed  from  each  congressional  district;  state  treasurer. 

*  The  slate  treasurer  is  ex  officio  president  and  treasurer  of  the  board,  but  is  not  allowed  to  vote  except  in  case  of  a  tie. 
^  At  pleasure  of  governor  in  VJIO  (4  since  1911). 

«  Ex  officio  a  member  of  the  State  Commission  in  Lunacy. 

9  Governor  and  administrative  officers  of  executive  departments. 

'0  Superseded  in  1911  by  a  board  of  trustees  having  control  of  the  school  for  feeble-minded  as  well  as  the  insane  hospitals. 

"  Appointed  annually. 

•2  Superseded  in  1913,  in  its  relation  to  the  insane  hospitals,  by  the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  State  Institutions. 

'3  Composed  of  the  State  Board  of  Health. 

'*  Prior  to  April  3, 1912,  designated  State  Commission  in  Lunacy. 

'4  Medical  member,  during  good  behavior;  others,  6  years. 

>«  With  the  organization  of  the  Board  of  Administration,  all  stale  charitable  and  correctional  mstitutlons,  with  the  exception  of  the  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Home,  were 
placed  In  charge  o?  that  board. 

"  Not  including  a  salaried  general  agent  and  ?;wrolary,  appointed  by  the  board  for  a  term  of  3  years,  who  is  ex  officio  a  member  of  it. 

'>*  The  board  appoints  an  agent  of  state  charities  and  corrections  whose  dnt  ios  include  wneral  supervision  of  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 

19  Senate  may  elect  member  at  January  session  if  governor  fails  to  make  appointment  during  January  or  if  senate  has  been  in  session  for  3  days  after  making  of  appoint- 
ment by  govcnior  without  giving  its  advice  and  consent.  In  case  a  member  appointed  by  governor  when  general  assembly  was  not  in  sessiwi  is  in  office  at  commencement 
of  :uiy  session,  if  governor  mjcs  not  within  7  tlays  after  commencement  of  session  nomiaato  person  to  (ill  vaciincy,  or  if  senate  has  been  in  session  for  3  days  after  governor 
has  niadc  nomination  without  giving  its  advice  and  consent,  senate  may  elect  person  to  fill  vacancy  for  remainder  of  term. 

^  Three  members  (all  women). 

»»  Comprises  all  members  of  etich  special  board  of  directors  (see  Table  2). 

^  Appointed  biennially. 

M  lucludmg  purchasing  agent. 

"  PurcIuLsing  agent,  3  yejirs;  other  appointc<l  members.  4  years. 

»o  Created  in  1913.  superseding  tho  board  of  trustees  of  the  state  hospital  at  Salem  (see  Table  2),  whose  duties  were  originally  restricted  to  the  management  of  that  msU- 
tutlon.  In  1911  the  board  was  directed  toarrangelor  tho  establishmontand  equipment  ol  the  Eastern  Oregon  State  Hospital  at  Baker  City  and  to  apx>oint  a  supermtcndent 
and  assistants. 


68 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


LOCAL  AGENCIES — THE  TOWN  AND  COUNTY  OFFICIALS 
CHARGED  WITH  OVEBSIGHT  OF  THE  INSANE,  INDIGENT, 
AND  OTHEKS. 

.  The  county  poorhouses,  which  contain  most  of  the 
insane  maintamed  in  public  institutions  other  than 
state  hospitals,  are  usually  controlled  by  the  general 
administrative  board  of  the  county,  such  as  the  board 
of  county  commissioners  or  coimty  supei-visors,  or,  in 
New  Jersey,  the  board  of  chosen  freeholdei-s.  In  some 
states  the  coimty  courts  have  charge  of  the  almshouses 
or  the  insane  in  almshouses. 

New  Hampshire  is  the  only  New  England  state  hav- 
ing coimty  poorhouses,  these  being  under  the  control 
of  the  county  convtnissionei-s.  In  3910  some  insane 
persons  were  confined  in  these  poorhouses,  but  accord- 
ing to  a  law  which  became  effective  on  January  1,  1913, 
the  state  is  now  responsible  for  the  care  of  all  insane 
persons,  and  no  county,  city,  or  town  is  permittad  to 
maintain  any  uistitution  for  the  insane  or  be  liable  for 
the  board  or  care  of  insane  persons.  In  Massachu- 
setts also  the  state  has  by  law  entire  responsibihty  for 
the  care  of  the  insane.  The  almshouses  of  Connecti- 
cut, Maine,  and  Vermont  are  under  the  control  of  the 
overseers  of  the  poor  of  the  towns  (who  in  Connecticut 
and  Vermont  are  the  selectmen).  In  all  the  states 
outside  New  England,  except  New  Mexico,  there  are 
county  poorhouses,  and  m  practically  all  of  these  states 
some  insane  persons  are  maintained  m  such  institu- 
tions. 

County  hoards. — In  addition  to  the  general  admin- 
istrative boards  of  the  counties,  such  as  the  countj' 
commissioners,  county  supervisors,  etc.,  who  usually 
have  duties  and  powers  with  regard  to  the  insane, 
certain  county  boards  are  provided  for  by  law  which 
are  more  or  less  particularly  concerned  with  the  in- 
sane. These  fall  into  two  main  groups.  The  first 
comprises  the  boards  of  commissioners  of  insanity, 
who  have  general  supervision  over  the  care  and  cus- 
tody of  the  insane  in  their  respective  counties  or  of 
the  insane  belonging  to  their  counties.  Such  boards 
exist  in  Iowa,  Nebraska,  North  Dakota,  Oklahoma, 
and  South  Dakota,  each  consisting  of  one  ex  officio 
member  and  two  other  members  who  serve  for 
terms  of  two  years,  or  until  their  successors  are  ap- 
pointed and  qualified.  In  Iowa  and  Nebraska  one 
member  is  the  clerk  of  the  district  court  (or  in  Iowa 


the  clerk  or  his  deputy)  and  the  others  are  appointed 
by  the  judge  of  the  district  coiu't.  In  North  Dakota, 
Oklahoma,  and  South  Dakota  the  county  judge  is  ex 
officio  chakman  of  the  commissioners  of  insanity, 
while  the  other  membei-s  are  appointed  by  the  county 
commissioners.  In  each  of  the  five  states  named  the 
members  appointed  comprise  a  practicing  physician 
and  a  practicing  lawyer.  Commissioners  of  insanity 
receive  a  per  diem  allowance  for  the  time  they  are 
actually  employed  in  their  duties  as  commissioners. 
The  law  in  Iowa  provides  for  two  such  boards  for 
counties  in  which  the  district  court  is  held  in  two 
places — one  board  for  each  place. 

The  second  group  of  county  boards  for  which  authori- 
zation  is  contained  in  the  laws,  comprises  uncompen- 
sated boards  of  visitors  for  the  inspection  of  chaiitable 
and  correctional  institutions  in  Colorado,  Missouri,  Ohio, 
and  Pennsylvania,  and  boards  of  county  charities  and 
corrections  in  Indiana,  likewise  to  serve  without  com- 
pensation. In  Colorado,  Missouri,  and  Indiana  the 
provisions  state  that  each  board  is  to  consist  of  six 
membei's  appointed  for  terms  of  tliree  years.  In  Penn- 
sylvania the  number  of  members  provided  for  is  three 
or  more  and  in  both  Oliio  and  Pennsylvania  the  term 
of  office  is  one  year.  There  are  six  members  of  the 
board  in  Ohio.  Members  are  to  be  appointed  by 
the  judge  of  the  probate  court  in  Colorado,  or  (ac- 
cording to  a  law  of  1911)  if  the  probate  judge  in  any 
county  fails  to  appoint  a  board  or  iiU  vacancies,  by 
the  state  board  of  charities  and  corrections;  by  the 
judge  of  the  probate  court  also  in  Ohio;  and  by  the 
board  of  pubhc  charities  in  Pennsylvania.  In  Indiana 
and  Missouri  the  county  boards  authorized  are  to  be 
formed  upon  the  petition  of  15  citizens  or  at  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  judge  of  the  circuit  court,  who,  in  either 
case,  appoints  the  members. 

INSTITUTIONAL    ADMINISTRATIVE    AND    SUPERVISORY 

AGENCIES. 

The  next  table  summarizes  the  statutory  provi- 
sions relating  to  the  boards  charged  with  the  con- 
trol or  supervision  of  individual  institutions  for  the 
insane  on  January  1,  1910.  It  does  not  include, 
however,  the  general  county  boards,  such  as  county 
commissioners,  supervisors,  or  superintendents  of 
the  poor. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS.  69 

Table  2.— BOARDS  CONTROLLING  OR  SUPERVISING  INDIVIDUAL  PUBLIC  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  THE  INSANE:  1910. 


Name. 


Num- 
ber of 
mem- 
bers. 


How  chosen. 


Term 

of 
office 

(yrs.) 
(0 


Compensation.  3 


California 

Colorado 

Comiecticut 

Delaware 

District  of  Columbia 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Dlinois 

Indiana .•. 

Louisiana 

Maryland  6 


Massachusetts. 
Michigan 


Mississippi 

Missouri 

New  Hamjwhire 

New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina.. 
North  Dakota.. 
Ohio 


Oklahoma  !>.. 

Oregon 

P^msylvania 


Bouth  Carolina. 
Tennessee 


Board  of  managers  for  each  state  hospital 

State  board  of  lunacy  commissioners  for  manage- 
ment of  the  state  hospital. 

Board  of  tnistees  for  the  Connecticut  Hospital 
for  the  Insane. 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  Norwk;h  Hospital  for 
the  Insane  (since  1911  the  Norwich  State  Hos- 
pital for  the  Insane). 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  state  hospital 

Board  of  visitors  for  the  Government  hospital. . 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  stale  hospital 

Board  of  directors  for  the  Idaho  Insane  Asylum  . 
Board  of  directors  for  the  Northern  Idaho  Insane 
Asylum. 3 

Board  of  visitors  for  each  state  hospital 

Board  of  tnistees  for  each  general  state  hospital*. 
Board  of  administrators  for  each  state  hospital. 

Board  of  managers  for  the  Maryland  Hospital  for 
the  Insane  (since  1912  Spring  Grove  State 
Hospital). 

Board  of  managers  for  the  Springfield  State 
Hospital. 

Board  of  trustees  for  each  general  state  institu- 
tion for  the  insane.* 

Board  of  trustees  for  each  general  state  hospital. . 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  state  asylum  for  the 
criminal  and  dangerous  insane  at  Ionia  (since 
1911  Ionia  State  Hospital). 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  State  Psychopathic 
Hospital. 

Board  of  trustees  for  East  Mississippi  Insane 

Hospital. 
Board  of  tnistees  for  State  Insane  Hospital 

Board  of  managers  for  each  state  hospital 

Board  of  tnistees  for  the  state  hospital ' 

Board  of  visitors  for  the  state  hospital 

Board  of  managei-s  for  each  state  hospital 

Board  of  directors  for  the  state  hospital 

Board  of  managers  for  each  general  state  hospital  t 
Board  of  directors  for  each  general  state  hospital ». 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  state  hospital'^ 

Hoard  of  trustees  for  each  state  hospital  u 

Board  of  directoi-s  for  Longview  Hospitapa 


Board  of  ti-ustees  for  the  state  hospital  at  Supply. 

Board  of  examiners  for  the  state  hospital  at  Sup- 
ply. 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  state  hospital  at  Salem  " , 

Board  of  tnistees  for  each  state  hospital" 

Board  of  managers  for  State  Hospital  for  the 
Insane,  NoiTistown. 


Board  of  regents  for  ihe  state  hospital 

Board  of  trustees  for  each  state  hospital 

Board  of  commissioners  for  each  county  asylum 
for  tho  insane,  etc.— 
In  counties  having  150,000 population  or  over 
(Shelby  County). 


Texas 

Vermont. . 
Virginia.. 
Wisconsin 


In  counties  having  40,000  population, 
less  than  150,000. 
Board  of  managers  for  each  state  hospital. . 

Board  of  trustees  for  the  state  hospital 

Board  of  directors  for  each  state  hospital . . . 
Board  of  trustees  for  each  county  asylum . . 


but 


3 
3 
3 


Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Governor  ex  oflicio;  others  appointed  by 

senate. 
Governor  ex  officio;  others  appointed  by 

senate. 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  President  of  the   United 
States. 

AppoJnte<i  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor , 

Appointed  by  governor , 

Appointed  by  governor 

Governor  ex  officio;  others  appointed  by 

governor. 
Appointed  by  governor 

Governor,  state  treasurer,  and  comptroller 
of  the  treasury  ex  officio;  others  ap- 
pointed by  governor. 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 


One-half  chosen  from  tnistees  of  state 
asjiunis;  others  chosen  from  the  regents 
of  the  state  university. 

Appointed  by  governor 


Governor  ex  olficio;  others  appointed  by 
governor. 


Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor , 

Governor  and  coimcil,  president  of  the 

senate,  and  speaker  of  the  house  ex 

officio. 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor, 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Twomembersappointed  by  governor;  one 


by  judf^es  of  court  of  common  pleas  of 
Hamilton  County;  one  by  judpes  of  pro- 
bate court  of  and  for  that  couuty ;  and  one 
by  the  commissioners  of  the  same. 

Governor  ex  officio;  others  apiiointed  by 
governor. 

Appointed  by  the  board  of  trustees  for  the 
state  hospital. 

Ex  officio,  including  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 

Five  appointed  by  governor;  two  by  coim- 
cils  of  city  of  Philadelphia ;  one  by  county 
commissioners  of  each  of  tho  counties  of 
Bucks,  Montgomery,  Delaware,  Chester, 
Northampton,  and  Lehigh. 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor 


Chairman  of  county  court  ex  officio;  others 
appointed  by  the  court. 

Elected  by  county  court , 

Appointed  by  governor 

Appointed  by  governor , 

Appointed  by  governor , 

Elected  by  county  board , 


4 

18  2 


PtT  diem  when  actually  employed. 
None. 

None. 

None. 


Per  diem  In  session. 
None. 

Salary. 

Per  diem  when  actually  employed. 

Per  diem  when  actually  employed. 


None. 

Salar>-. 


None. 


None. 


None. 

None. 


Ex  ofli<  io,  none;  secretary,  salary; 
others  per  diem  when  actually  em- 
ployed. 

Salary. 

None. 

None. 


None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 

Per  diem  in  session. 

None. 

None. 


Per  diem  when  actually  employed. 

Per  diem  when  acttially  employed. 

None. 
None. 
None. 


Per  diem  when  actually  employed. 
Per  diem  wlien  actually  employed. 


Ex  officio  member,  none;  others  re- 
ceive reasonable  pay,  allowed  by 
county  court. 

Reasonable  pay  allowed  by  county 
court. 

Per  diem  in  session. 


None. 

Per  diem  when  actually  employed." 


I  For  other  than  ex  officio  members. 

3  Not  including  traveling  and  other  expenses. 

8  Name  changed  in  PU3  to  Northern  Idaho  Sanitarium. 

*  Provision  was  made  in  1909  for  the  Indiana  State  Hospital  for  Insane  Criminals  at  Michigan  City,  which  has  been  established  since  1910  and  is  imder  thu  management 
of  the  board  of  trustees  and  warden  of  the  state  prison. 

t>  Provision  was  made  in  1010  for  a  hospital  for  tho  negro  insane,  which  has  since  been  established  at  Crownsville.  It  is  governed  by  a  board  similar  in  composition  to 
that  controlling  the  Springfield  State  Hospital.  By  an  act  approved  April  s,  1910,  the  Lunacy  Commission  has  power  to  appoint  a  board  of  five  uncompensated  visitors 
for  each  county  asylum  and  almshouse  where  the  insane  are  confined,  to  serve  at  its  pleasure. 

»  Except  that  tlie  W  orcesler  blate  Asylum  is  under  the  control  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Worcester  Stale  Hospital.  The  Bridgewater  State  Hospital  (for  the  crim- 
inal insane)  and  the  State  Infirmary  at  Tewksbiu"y  are  under  the  control  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  State  Infirmary  and  State  Farm. 

'  Superseded  inl913  by  Board  of  Control.     (See  Table  1.) 

»  Regulations  for  the  institutions  at  Matteawanand  Dannemora  are  made  by  the  superintendent  of  state  prisons,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Commission  in  I^unacy 
(since  1912  designated  State  Hospital  tomniission). 

•  The  state  hospital  for  the  dangerous  insane  is  under  the  management  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the  state  prison. 
'«  Superseded  in  1911  by  Board  of  Control.    (Sne  Table  1.) 

"  Superseded  in  1911  by  the  Ohio  Board  of  Administration. 

»*  Longview  Hospital  is  a  county  institution  under  state  supervision  and  receiving  a  state  appropriation. 

13  Provision  was  made  in  1907  for  the  East  Oklahoma  Hospital,  which  was  opened  at  Vinita  in  1913.  It  is  controlled  by  a  board  of  trustees,  comprismg  the  governor 
as  president  ex  officio  and  three  trustees  appointed  by  him  toserve  without  compensation  for  terms  of  3  years. 

X  Superseded  in  1913  by  Oregon  State  Board  of  Control.    (See  Table  1,  note  25.)  . 

'*  Except  the  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Norristown  and  the  Pi.\mont  Hospital,  which  is  a  semistate  institution,  having  3  man:\gers  appointed  annually 
bv  the  governor. 

'•By  a  law  of  1913  the  number  of  members  was  changed  to  6  and  term  of  office  to  6  years. 

»'  Compensation  same  as  for  county  board  of  supervisors.  At  time  law  was  passed  compensation  of  all  county  supervisors  was  a  pet  diem  allowance,  but  a  law  of  1907, 
amended  in  1911  and  1913,  prescribed  a  salary  for  supervisors  in  counties  having  250,000  jwpulation  or  over. 


70 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


The  boards  shown  are  all  administrative  in  charac- 
ter, with  the  exception  of  the  visitatorial  boards  pro- 
vided for  in  IlHnois,  New  Hampshire,  and  Oklahoma. 

As  in  the  case  of  the  members  of  the  general  state 
boards,  appointments  by  the  governor  must  usually 
be  confu'med  by  the  senate.  In  Connecticut  the  gov- 
ernor may  fill  vacancies  occurring  while  the  general 
assembly  is  not  in  session,  until  its  next  regular 
session. 

Failure  to  attend  meetings  without  a  vahd  excuse 
in  some  states  renders  an  office  vacant.  Among  the 
restrictions  regarding  the  membership  of  these  boards 
may  be  noted  the  requirement  in  Delaware  that  three 
members  of  the  board  controlling  the  state  hospitals 
be  physicians. 

In  17  of  the  31  states  shown  the  members  of  the 
boards  receive  no  compensation  except  traveling  and 
other  necessary  expenses. 

Table  3  shows  the  legal  provisions  regarding  the 
qualifications  and  manner  of  appointment  of  the 
chief  executive  ofiicers  of  the  state  institutions 
for  the  insane  for  which  reports  were  received  in 
1910.  The  table  is  restricted  to  officers  having  im- 
mediate and  exclusive  control  of  the  institutions. 
No  information  is  given  here  regardmg  physicians  or 
wardens  of  prisons  who  are  also  chief  officers  of  hos- 
pitals for  the  crinainal  msane. 

Where  the  appointment  is  made  by  the  governor 
the  confirmation  of  the  senate  is  usually  necessary^. 
The  superintendents  of  the  general  state  hospitals  in 
New  York  ai'e  appointed  with  the  approval  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  respective  hospitals,  and  the 
superintendent  of  the  Bridgewater  State  Hospital  in 


Massachusetts  with  the  approval  of  the  board  of  trus- 
tees of  the  state  infirmary.  In  Kansas  the  superin- 
tendents are  appointed  with  the  consent  of  the  gov- 
ernor. In  nearly  all  cases  the  governor  or  the  con- 
trolling boai'd  of  the  hospital,  or  both,  have  the  power 
of  removal.  The  terms  of  office  specified  range  from 
one  year  to  "not  less  than  ten  yeai-s,"  but  in  many 
cases  no  tenn  is  stated  in  the  statutes. 

With  regard  to  experience  the  provisions  vary  from 
the  mere  statement  that  the  superintendent  must  be 
a  physician  to  the  requhoment  (in  Colorado)  of  at 
least  ten  years'  pi'actice  and  five  years'  actual  expe- 
rience ui  a  hospital  for  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 
The  supermteiident  of  the  Oklahoma  Hospital  for  the 
Insane  at  Supply  must  have  spent  immediately  pre- 
ceding his  appointment  either  ten  years  in  regular 
practice  or  five  years  in  practice  as  a  specialist  in  dis- 
eases of  the  human  mind.  For  appomtment  as  super- 
intendent of  one  of  the  hospitals  for  the  insane  in 
New  York  five  years'  actual  experience  in  a  hospital 
for  the  insane  is  necessaiy,  except  that  for  the  position 
of  supermtendent  of  the  Dannemora  State  Hospital 
(for  insane  convicts)  the  same  length  of  time  spent  as 
a  state  prison  physician  is  regarded  as  an  equivalent. 
Other  state  hospitals  for  the  superintendents  of  which 
experience  in  the  treatment  of  the  insane  or  in  the 
treatment  of  nervous  diseases  is  a  legal  requisite  are 
those  in  California,  the  District  of  Columbia,  Indiana, 
Kansas,  Michigan  (except  the  State  Psychopathic 
Hospital),  Missom-i,  Tennessee,  Texas,  and  Vermont, 
as  well  as  the  Chester  State  Hospital  and  Peoria  State 
Hospital  in  Illinois,  and  the  State  Hospital  for  the 
Insane  at  Danville,  Pa. 


Tablk  3.— chief  executive  OFFICERS  OF  STATE  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  THE  INSANE:  1910. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  seo  p.  71.] 


By  whom  appointed. 


Qualifications. 


Alabama. . 
Arizona... 


Arkansas.. 
California. 


Board  of  trustees  (Alabama  Insane  Hospitals) '. 

Governor 

Board  of  Trustees 

Board  of  managers  of  the  hospital ' 


Colorado. 


State  board  of  lunacy  commissioners . 


Connecticut 

Delaware  * 

District  of  Columbia 

Florida 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois: 

General  state  hospitals 

Chester  State  Hospital  (for  insane  criminals) . . 

Peoria  State  Hospital  (for  the  incurable  in- 
sane). 
Indiana  * 


Iowa. 


Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital 


Graduate  in  medicine,  of  good  business  habits,  and  of  good  moral 
character. 

College  graduate  in  medicine  and  surgery  with  at  least  4  years* 
practice. 

Skillful  physician,  married. 

Graduate  of  an  incorporated  medical  college,  of  good  moral  character, 
with  at  least  3  years'  experience  in  the  care  and  treatment  of  the 
liLsane.' 

Graduate  of  an  incorporated  medical  college,  with  at  least  10  years' 
practice  and  5  years'  actual  experience  in  a  hospital  for  the  treat- 
ment of  the  insane. 

Competent  physician,  not  one  of  the  trustees. 


Secretary  of  the  Interior 

Board  of  Commissioners  of  State  Institutions. 

Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital 

Board  of  directors  of  the  hospital 


Board  of  Administration. 
Board  of  Administration. 
Board  of  Administration . 


Well  educated  physician  experienced  in  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 


Kansas 

Kentucky.. 
Louisiana.. 
Maine 


Maryland: 

Maryland  Hospital  for  the  Insane  (since  1912 
Spring  Grovo  State  Hospital).' 
Massachusetts: 

General  state  institutions « 

Bridgewater    State    Hospital    (for    insane 

criminals). 
State  InUnnaiy 


Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital 

Board  of  Control  of  State  Institutions 

Board  of  Control  of  State  Charitable  Institutions. 

State  Board  of  Control  for  Charitable  Institutions 

Board  of  administrators  of  the  hospital 

Committee  of  Tnistees  of  the  Hospitals  (Hospital 
Trustees  since  1911). 

Board  of  managers  of  the  hospital 


Skillful  physician,  who  has  pas.sed  a  riRid  and  thorough  examination. 
Graduate  In  medicine  with  at  least  5  years'  practice. 

Educated  and  competent  physician.:' 

Well  educated  physician  experienced  m  the  treatment  of  the  Insane. 

Well  educated  physician  experienced  in  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 

Reputable  physician  who  has  had  experience  in  an  institution  lor  the 

insane. 
Physician  of  acknowledged  skill  and  abiUty  In  his  profession  who  Is 

authorized  to  practice  medicine  in  the  state. 
Person  with  at  least  2  years'  experience  as  a  superintendent  or  assists 

ant  in  a  similar  institution,  or  a  specialist  in  nervous  diseases. 
Skillful  and  competent  physician  with  at  least  3  years'  practice. 


Board  of  trustees  of  the  institution . 
Superintendent  of  the  State  Farm.. 


Physician. 


AVell  educated  physician. 


Physician.' 
Physician. 


Board  of  trustees  of  the  State  Infirmary  and 
State  Farm. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 

Table  3.— CHIEF  EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS  OF  STATE  INSTITUTIONS  FOR  THE  INSANE:  1910— Continued. 


71 


STATE. 

By  whom  appointed. 

Qualifications. 

Michigan: 

Well  educated,  legally  registered  physician  experienced  In  the  treat- 
ment of  the  insane. 

Physician  duly  qualified  and  authorized  to  practice  medicine  and 
surgery  in  the  state,  in  good  standing  in  his  profession,  and  ex- 
perienced in  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 

State  Asylum  (institution  for  the  dangerous 
and  criminal  in-sane  called  since  1911  Ionia 
SUte  Hospital). 

State  Psychopathic  Hospital 

Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital. 

Board  of  trustee.^  of  the  hospital 

(10) 

Missiiislppl 

(lovernor 

Skilled  physician. 

Physician  of  knowledge,  skill,  and  ability  In  his  profession,  ex- 
perienced in  the  management  and  treatment  of  the  insane. 

Missouri. .                                    ..           .... 

Board  of  managers  of  the  hospital    . 

Nebraska: " 

Physician  of  acknowledged  skill  and  ability  and  a  graduate  of  a  regolar 
medical  college. 

Nebraska  State  Hospital 

Governor 

Norfolk  State  Hospital 

Npw  Hampshirft  13 

New  Jersey. ... 

Board  of  managers  of  the  hospital  . 

Physir.ian. 

Graduate  in  medicine  with  at  lea^t  5  years'  practice. 

Well  educated  physician  and  a  graduate  of  an  incorporated  medical 
college,  with  at  least  6  years'  actual  experience  in  an  Institution  for 
the  care  and  treatment  of  the  insane.  Superintendents  of  the  homeo- 
pathic hospitals  must  be  homeopathic  physicians. 

Well  educated  physician  with  at  least  5  j-ears'  actual  experience  as  a 
state  prison  pnj-sician  or  in  a  hospital  for  the  care  and  treatment  of 
the  insane." 

Well  educated  physician  with  at  least  5  years'  actual  experience  in  a 
hospital  for  the  care  and  treatment  of  the  insane. 

Skilled  physician  of  good  moral  character,  prompt  business  habits, 
and  kmdly  disposition. 

Skilled  physician  of  good  moral  character,  prompt  business  habits, 
and  kmdly  disposition. 

Physician  of  acknowledged  skill  and  ability,  graduate  of  a  reputable 
medical  college,  and  of  good  moral  character. 

Person  of  skill  and  experience  in  Ills  profession  and  of  good  moral 
character. 

Skillful  physician,  graduate  of  a  reputable  medical  college,  with  at 
least  10  years'  regular  practice  or  5  years'  practice  as  a  specialist  In 
diseases  of  the  human  mind  immediately  preceding  the  appoint- 
ment. 

Well  educated  graduate  in  medicine  with  at  least  5  years'  practice. 

Skillful  physician,  married. 

Competent  and  skillful  physician. 

Skillful  physician  familiar  with  the  treatment  of  the  insane,  married. 

New  York: » 

State  Commission  in  Lunacy  (designated  State 
Hospital  Commission  since  1912). 

\icts). 

Matteawan     State     Hospital     cfor     insane 

Superintendent  of  state  prisons 

North  Carolina: 

Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital  (Board  of  Con- 
trol since  1911). 

Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital  (Ohio  Board  of 
Administration  since  1911). 

Ohio 

Pennsylvania: » 

burg. 

vania,  Wemersville. 
State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Danville 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  (department  for 
State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  (department  for 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Warren 

SkiUful  physician. 

Rhode  Island 

Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections 

Sf>nth  rnrnlina 

Governor 

Physician. 

Physician  of  acknowledged  skill  and  ability , of  good  moral  character, 

and  a  graduate  of  a  reputable  medical  col  lege. 
Skillful  physician  experienced  in  the  treatment  of  the  Insane;  of  good 

moral  character,  prompt  business  habits,  and  kindly  disposition; 

married. 
Skillful  physician  experienced  in  the  treatment  of  insanity;  married. 
Well  educa'ted  physician  with  at  least  b  years'  practice. 
Well  educated  physician  experienced  in  the  treatment  of  the  insane. 
Skilled  physician. 
Physician  with  at  least  3  years'  practice. 

South  Dakota 

State  Board  of  Charities  and  Corrections 

Board  of  trustees  of  the  hospital 

TflnnwKpj"          ,  ,      ,                                        

Utah 

Board  of  Insanity 

Virginia 

General  Board  of  Directors 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 

State  Board  of  Control 

Wyoming 

State  Board  of  Charities  and  Reform 

•  One  superintendent  has  charge  of  both  state  hospitals  for  the  insane. 

5  Subject  to  an  examination  under  the  directio  j  of  the  general  superintendent  of  state  hospitals. 

»  The  superintendent  of  the  Southern  ralifornla  State  Hospital  must  be  of  the  homeopathic  school  of  medicine. 

*  No  specific  provision  for  the  appointment  of  a  superintendent.     The  board  of  trustees  of  the  Delaware  State  Hospital  appoints  the  physicians  for  that  Institution. 
5  The  superintendent  of  the  Watertown  State  Hospital  must  be  a  graduate  in  medicine  and  surgery  from  some  reputable  medical  college  and  of  acknowledged  skill 

in  his  profession. 

"  Provisions  relate  to  the  general  state  hospitals  only.    The  State  Hospital  for  Insane  Criminals  at  Michigan  City,  established  since  1910  in  accordance  with  provisions 
made  in  1909,  Is  under  the  management  of  the  board  of  trustees  and  warden  of  the  state  prison. 

'  No  specific  provision  for  the  appointment  of  a  superintendent  for  either  the  hospital  for  negro  insane  at  Crowusville,  established  since  1910  in  accordance  with  provisions 
made  in  that  year,  or  for  the  SprinePield  State  Hospital  at  SykesvUle.     The  boards  of  managers  of  the  ijistitutions  appoint  the  necessary  officers  and  agents. 

»  The  superintendent  of  the  Worcester  State  Asylum  is  appointed  by  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Worcester  State  Hospital. 

'  The  superintendent  of  the  Westboroueh  State  ITospital  must  be  a  homeopathic  physician. 

'•  The  superinlendcnt  and  physicians  of  the  ?'ergus  Falls  State  Hospital  must  be  of  the  homeopathic  school  of  medicine. 

"  Until  1913  the  state  hospital  was  managed  imder  contract.     Under  the  present  law  the  superintendent  is  appointed  by  the  governor  and  must  be  a  regularly  licensed 
physician. 

"  In  provisions  In  force  since  1913  it  is  prescribed  that  the  superintendents  of  the  Nebraska  state  hospitals  be  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  State  Insti- 
tutions, established  in  that  year,  and  no  qualifications  are  specified. 

"  No  specific  provision  for  the  appointment  of  a  superintendent.     The  board  of  trustees  of  the  New  Hampshire  State  Hospital  appoints  the  physicians  for  that  insti- 
tution. 

»  The  Psychiatric  Institute  connected  with  the  Manhattan  State  Hospital  is  under  a  director  appointed  by  the  commission  after  a  special  civil  service  examination. 

'■'  Since  1912  the  qualiflcatioiLs  of  the  superintendent  of  the  Dannemora  State  Hospital  have  been  the  same  as  those  of  superintendents  of  the  general  state  hospitals. 

'■  The  superintendent  of  the  East  Oklahoma  Hospital  at  Vinita,  established  since  1910  in  accordance  with  provisions  made  in  1907,  is  appointed  by  the  governor  and 
must  be  a  skilled  physician. 

"  According  to  an  act  of  1913  the  superintendent  of  the  Oregon  State  lasane  .\sylum  (now  Oregon  State  Hospital),  as  well  as  the  superintendent  of  the  Eastern  Oregon 
State  Hospital  (provided  for  in  1911),  is  appointed  by  the  Oregon  State  Hoard  of  Control,  and  must  be  a  well-educated  physician,  no  further  qualification  being  spedOed. 

'^  The  T>Lxmont  Hospital  is  a  semistate  institution,  having  three  managers  appointed  annually  by  the  governor. 

•»  No  specific  provision  for  the  appointment  of  a  superintendent.    The  board  of  managers  of  the  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Norristown  manages  and  directs  the 
a^alrs  of  tno  institution  and  makes  all  necessary  by-laws  and  regulations. 


72 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


PKOYISIONS   FOE  THE   CAEE   OF  THE    INSANE. 

Public  institutions. — In  Table  4  the  pubUc  insti- 
tutions for  the  insane  in  which  insane  persons  were 
reported  on  January  1,  1910,  are  classified  first  as 
state,  county,  municipal,  and  other;  and  a  further 
classification  is  made  of  the  institutions  in  each  gi-oup. 
.Umshouses  were  not  included  imless  they  maintained 
separate  departments  for  the  insane.  Of  the  institu- 
tions showai  m  this  table  140  were  state  hospitals, 
98  coimty  institutions  (49  hospitals  and  49  insane 
departments  of  almshouses),  and  7  mimicipal  insti- 
tutions (3  hospitals  and  4  insane  departments  of 
almshouses).  Of  the  state  hospitals  127  were  general 
hospitals  for  the  insane,  3  were  for  the  chronic  or 
Lncm-able  insane,  6  were  for  the  criminal  insane,  and 
the  remainmg  comprised  2  hospitals  for  epileptics, 
the  insane  department  of  a  state  almshouse,  and  a 
psychopathic  hospital. 

In  addition  to  the  institutions  enumei-ated  on  Jan- 
uary 1,  1910,  several  hospitals  have  since  been  com- 
pleted or  are  in  course  of  construction,  among  which 
may  be  noted  general  hospitals  for  the  insane  in  Cali- 
fornia, Indiana,  Kansas,  Maryland,  Oklahoma,  Oregon, 
and  Washington ;  hospitals  for  the  criminal  insane  in 
Illinois,  Indiana,  Kansas,  Minnesota,  Ohio,  and  Penn- 
sylvania; and  a  hospital  for  negro  insane  at  Crowns- 
ville,  Md. 

Coimty  asylums  for  the  insane,  as  wUl  be  seen  by 
reference  to  the  table  were  enumerated  in  1910  in 
Illinois,  Indiana,  Maryland,  Michigan,  New  Jersey, 
Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  and  Wisconsin. 

The  Wisconsin  county  institutions  for  the  insane  are 
classed  as  separate  institutions  because,  although  some 
are  operated  in  connection  with  the  county  poor  farm, 
entirely  separate  buildings  and  lands  are  set  apart  and 
the  financial  management  is  distinct.  In  anj^  coimty 
which  maintains  both  a  poorhouse  and  a  county 
asylum  for  the  chronic  insane,  however,  the  trustees 
of  the  latter  are  ex  officio  superintendents  of  the  poor 
unless  the  county  board  orders  otherwise. 

In  Indiana  and  Wisconsin  the  county  insane  asylums 
are  designed  for  the  care  of  chronic  or  incurable  cases, 
but  those  in  most  of  the  other  states  would  appear  to 
be  open  to  persons  of  any  degi'ee  of  mental  derangement 
who  axe  residents  of  the  county  to  which  they  belong. 

Some  of  the  county  institutions  for  the  insane  are 
pai-tly  under  state  control,  as  the  Milwaukee  Hospital 
for  the  Insane  and  the  Longview  Hospital  in  Ohio. 
By  an  act  of  1913  provision  has  been  made  for  the 
ultimate  acquisition  of  the  latter  by  the  state  and  its 
operation  as  a  state  hospital. 

Provisions  specif  cally  authorizing  the  establish- 
ment of  coimty  insane  hospitals  appear  in  the  laws  of 
Indiana,  New  Jersey,  North  Carolina,  Pennsylvania, 
Tennessee,  and  Wisconsin;  and  in  Michigan  the  laws 
recognize  the  existence  of  a  county  insane  asylum  (that 
•   of  Wayne  County)  by  providing  for  the  admission  of 


patients  and  their  support.  In  Nortn  Carolina,  how- 
ever, there  were  no  such  asylums  among  the  institu- 
tions in  which  insane  persons  were  enmnerated  on 
January  1,  1910.  Four  county  asylums  with  insane 
departments  exist  in  Tennessee.  In  Indiana,  as  in 
Michigan,  there  was  only  a  single  county  insane  asylum 
among  the  institutions  for  the  insane  as  reported  on 
January  1,  1910.  In  contrast  with  the  provisions 
noted  above,  the  law  m  Massachusetts,  as  well  as  that 
which  went  into  effect  in  New  Hampshire  on  January 
1,  1913,  prohibits  the  estabUshment  or  maintenance  by 
any  county  of  an  institution  for  the  insane. 

In  the  statutes  of  several  states  there  are  specific 
provisions  for  the  care  of  the  insane  in  county  poor- 
houses  (or  sections  indicating  that  the  insane  are  so 
maintained  either  permanently  or  temporarily).  Such 
states  include  Ai'kansas,  Delaware,  Indiana,  Iowa, 
Maryland,  Mississippi,  Nebraska,  New  Jersey,  North 
Dakota,  Oklahoma,  Pennsylvania,  South  Cai'olina  (in 
which  the  provisions  apply  only  to  the  coimty  and  city 
of  Charleston),  Tennessee,  and  Wisconsin.  The  laws 
of  Rhode  Island  indicate  that  insane  pereons  are  not 
maintained  in  town  poorhouses  except  while  awaiting 
commitment  to  the  6tat«  asylum.  Ohio  has  a  pro- 
vision prohibiting  the  keeping  of  an  insane  person  io  a 
coimty  infirmary. 

In  the  majority  of  states  some  insane  paupers  are 
maintained  in  coimty  almshouses,  but  there  are  only 
a  few  states  (as  wdl  be  seen  from  Table  4)  in  which 
any  of  the  county  almshouses  have  separate  depart- 
ments for  the  insane. 

In  New  Mexico  there  is  no  pubhc  almshouse,  and  in 
the  District  of  Columbia  the  Government  Hospital  for 
the  Insane  is  the  only  pubhc  institution  where  insane 
persons  are  permanently  detained. 

Some  states  have  laws  providing  measures  for  the 
temporary  detention  and  observation  of  alleged  insane 
persons  with  a  view  to  preventing  commitment  to  an 
insane  hospital  where  this  may  be  profitably  avoided. 
In  addition  to  the  psychopathic  hospital  listed  in  the 
table  and  the  psychopathic  wards  or  institutes  con- 
nected with  some  state  insane  hospitals,  which  are 
likewise  covered  by  the  statistics  in  this  report,  psycho- 
pathic wards  in  general  hospitals  for  the  sick  are  main- 
tained in  some  locahties.  These  are  not  represented  in 
the  statistics  of  this  report. 

In  Minnesota  the  state  board  of  control  is  directed 
by  law  to  establish  places  of  detention  for  the  alleged 
insane  in  every  city  in  the  state  containing  more  than 
50,000  inhabitants,  and  after  the  completion  of  the 
detention  hospitals  all  commitments  from  the  dis- 
trict in  which  the  hospital  is  situated  (except  of  the 
criminal  insane)  must  be  made  to  that  hospital. 

In  California  the  board  of  supervisors  of  each  county 
is  required  by  law  to  maintain  in  a  receiving  hospital 
or  elsewhere  in  the  county  a  suitable  room  or  rooms 
for  the  detention  and  treatment  of  the  alleged  insane 
for  a  period  of  not  less  than  1  nor  more  than  20  days. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


73 


In  Ohio  the  county  commissioners,  upon  the  request 
of  the  probate  judge,  are  authorized  to  establish,  in 
proximity  to  the  probate  court,  a  detention  hospital 
for  alleged  insane  persons,  to  be  under  the  charge  of  a 


registered  physician  appointed  as  superintendent  b}- 
the  probate  judge.  The  establishment  of  psychopathic 
wards  in  general  hospitals  for  the  sick  was  authorized 
in  Pennsylvania  by  an  act  of  1911. 


Table  4.— PUBLIC  INSTITUTIONS '  FOR  THE  INSANE  FROM  WHICH  INSANE  AVERE  REPORTED:   JANUARY  1,  1910. 


Total. 

STATE. 

CODNTT.                              '                        MUNICIPAL. 

STATE. 

Total." 

General.' 

For 

criminal 
or  dan- 
gerous 
insane. 

For 
chronic 
or  incur- 
able 
insane. 

Total. 

Insane 
insti- 
tutions. 

Insane 
depart- 
ments 
of  alms- 
houses. 
hospitals, 
etc. 

Total,    j 

i 

Insane 

in.sti- 

tutions. 

Insane 

depart- 
ments 
of  alms- 
houses. 

other. 

United  States.   ..         .  . 

248 

140 

127 

6 

3 

98 

49 

49 

7 

3 

4 

3 

2 

1 

1 
5 
2 

2 

1 
I 

1 

I 

2 
9 
6 
30 
3 

3 
2 
2 
9 
12 

7 
5 
2 

8 

I 

3 
1 
2 
11 
1 

16 
4 
1 
7 
1 

1 
19 

1 
1 
2 

7 
3 

1 
1 

4 

2 
3 

37 

1 

2 
1 
1 
3 
1 

2 
1 

<2 
1 

1 
'5 

1 

2 



■■      1  ;        1 

1 

::::::;::::::;:::::: 

•1 

Florida 

1 
1 

2 
7 
5 
4 
3 

3 

2 
2 
12 

6 
5 
2 
4 

1 

3 

1 
1 
2 

1 

16 
4 
1 

6 

1 

1 

1 
1 
1 

3 
3 

1 
1 
4 

2 
3 
2 

1 

1 

1 

2 
5 
5 
4 
2 

3 
2 
2 
2 
>9 

4 

»5 
2 

'14 
*  3 

4  4 

1                Q 

1 

::::::::;::;::::::: 

1 

! 



1 

1 

2 

1 

2G 

1 

1 

1 

! 

26 

1 

■R"(»ntiipVv 

; 

i 

6 

2 

4 

li 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

L 

1 

9 

1 

3 

e 

2 

1 

Ohio 

1 

1 

It 

,| 

1 

10 

3 

7 

3                    1 

2 

•1 

»  1 

4 

4 

Utah 

Wix^t  Virtrinia 

1 

35 

34 

10  1 

1 

II 



» Include  insane  departments  of  institutions  not  primarily  for  the  insane. 

•Includes  the  State  Infirmary  at  Tewksbury,  Mass.,  which  has  insane  wards;  the  hospitals  for  epileptics  in  Kansas  and  Massachusetts;  and  the  State  Psychopathic 
Hospital  at  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

•  Includes  5  homeopathic  hospitals  and  3  hospitals  for  the  colored  insane. 

•  Includes  1  hospital  for  the  colored  insane. 

•  Includes  1  homeopathic  hospital. 

•  Maintained  by  the  Federal  Government. 
'  Includes  2  homeoiiathic  hospitals. 

•  Dixmont  Hosnital  is  a  semistate  institution. 

»  The  .\sylum  for  Insane  Indians  at  Canton  is  maintained  by  the  Federal  Government. 
'•Clark  County  Poorhousc,  from  which  2  insane  persons  were  reported  for  January  1, 1910. 


Private  institutions. — Private  institutions  for  the 
insane  arc  subject  to  the  supervision  of  the  general 
state  boards  charged  with  oversight  of  the  insane  (or 
one  of  such  boards)  in  California,  Connecticut,  Illinois, 
Iowa,  Kansas,  Maryland,  Massachusetts,  New  Hamp- 
shire, New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Carolina,  Pennsyl- 
vania, Rhode   Island,  Vermont,  and  Wisconsin.     In 


Georgia  such  institutions  are  subject  to  inspection  by 
the  superintendent  of  the  Geoi^a  State  Sanitarium  and 
the  chairman  of  the  state  board  of  medical  examiners. 
The  laws  of  Colorado  give  the  county  boards  of  visitors 
power  to  inspect  private  institutions  for  the  insane 
in  their  respective  counties.  In  Ohio  the  county 
commissioners  or  th<>  municipal  boards  of  health  are 


74 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


authorized  to  exercise  such  power.  Licenses  are 
required  for  private  institutions  for  the  insane  in 
CaUfomia,  Kansas,  Maryland,  Massachusetts  (except 
m  special  cases),  New  Jersey,  New  York,  North 
Carolina,  Oregon  (by  a  law  of  1911),  Pennsylvania 
(except  in  special  cases),  Tennessee,  and  Vermont. 
In  these  states  one  of  the  general  state  boards  or  agencies 
(see  Table  1)  or  a  committee  of  such  board,  as  in  Penn- 
sylvania, is  empowered  to  license  private  institutions 
for  the  insane,  except  that  in  Connecticut  such  licenses 
are  granted  by  the  governor,  in  Massachusetts  by  the 
governor  and  coimcil  upon  the  recommendation  of 
the  state  board  of  insanity,  in  Oregon  by  the  county 
court,  and  in  Tennessee  by  the  clerk  of  the  county 
court. 

According  to  the  laws  of  some  states  persons  may 
not  be  admitted  to  any  institution  for  the  insane, 
whether  public  or  private,  without  judicial  order. 

Outside  of  institutions. — In  the  majority  of  the  states 
no  specific  provisions  for  the  care  of  the  insane  outside 
of  mstitutions  are  fomid  in  the  statutes.  The  county 
authorities  are  in  some  states  made  responsible  for  the 
care  of  harmless,  incm-able,  indigent  insane  persons 
who  can  not  be  admitted  to  a  state  asylimi,  but  pre- 
svunably  place  them  in  most  cases  in  a  coimty  asylum 
for  the  insane,  if  there  is  one,  or  in  the  county  alms- 
house. The  cotmty  officers  must,  in  some  states,  pro- 
vide temporarily  for  the  care  and  custody  of  violent 
as  well  as  harmless  cases  when  there  is  no  vacancy  in 
the  state  hospitals.  In  most  of  the  states  where  there 
is  no  specific  authorization  in  the  statutes  for  the  care 
of  insane  persons  by  the  county  authorities,  miless 
the  state  is  declared  liable  for  the  support  of  all  insane 
persons,  the  coimty  authorities,  by  reason  of  theii* 
responsibility  for  the  dependent  poor,  probably  have 
power  to  arrange  for  the  care  and  custody  of  the 
indigent  insane.  In  many  states  a  person  adjudged 
insane  may  be  given  over  into  the  care  and  custody 
of  relatives  or  friends. 

The  only  states  in  which  the  laws  specify  that  insane 
persons  may  be  boarded  out  by  the  hospital  authorities 
are  Illinois,  where  any  insane  patient  in  a  state  hospital 
may  be  placed  at  board  in  a  suitable  family  home  by 
the  board  of  administration;  Massachusetts,  where 
harmless  patients  of  any  institutions  for  the  insane, 
other  than  persons  committed  as  inebriates,  may  be 
placed  at  board  in  families  by  the  state  board  of 
iasanity  or  by  trustees  of  the  institutions ;  and  Minne- 
sota, where  an  incurable  insane  patient  of  a  hospital 
may  be  placed  in  a  suitable  jirivate  family  by  the 
superintendent  of  the  hospital. 

CLASSES    COMMITTED. 

With  respect  to  the  degree  of  derangement  which 
renders  a  person  a  suitable  case  for  admission  to  state 
institutions  for  the  insane  no  general  statement  can 
be  made,  on  account  of  the  vagueness  of  the  terms 
Msed  in  the  statutes  to  denote  the  various  kinds  or 


stages  of  mental  unsoundness,  and  the  fact  that  a  term 
is  sometimes  used  in  a  more  inclusive  sense  in  one  sec- 
tion of  the  laws  than  in  another.  For  example,  in 
states  whose  laws  contain  a  definition  of  the  term 
"insane  person,"  sections  stating  what  classes  of  per- 
sons may  be  admitted  to  the  state  hospital  for  the 
insane  sometimes  construe  the  term  "msane"  in  a 
narrower  sense.  And  in  some  states  the  sections  pre- 
scribing the  legal  pi'ocedm-e  for  committing  persons 
to  the  state  hospitals  Umit  the  class  of  persons  to  be 
thus  committed  to  a  smaller  gi'oup  than  the  sections 
relating  to  classes  of  persons  admitted  to  such  insti- 
tutions. It  should,  of  course,  be  noted  that  in  many 
states  persons  are  admitted  to  the  state  insane  hos- 
pitals as  volimtary  patients  or  otherwise  as  pay 
patients  whose  mental  derangement  is  not  such  that 
they  may  be  committed  by  the  com-ts.  Fm-thermore, 
the  legal  definition  of  an  insane  person  is  frequently 
meant  to  cover  all  adults  for  whom  guardians  may  be 
appointed,  and  therefore  mcludes  persons  whose  mental 
incompetence  is  not  such  as  to  warrant  their  commit- 
ment to  an  institution  or  even  then*  restraint. 

In  the  following  states  the  sections  of  the  law  defining 
the  term  "insane  person,"'  or  "person  of  insane 
mind,"  expressly  include  idiots  xmder  that  heading: 
Colorado,  Connecticut,  Delaware,  the  District  of 
Columbia,  Florida,  Illinois  (in  a  section  giving  general 
niles  for  constiiiing  the  statutes),  Iowa  (likewise  in  a 
section  giving  rules  for  construing  the  statutes), 
Louisiana,  Massachusetts,  Mumesota  (in  one  section), 
Missom-i,  Montana,  New  Hampshire,  Oregon,  Rhode 
Island,  Utah,  West  Virginia  (though  the  term  "luna- 
tic" is  defined  as  mcludmg  every  insane  person  who 
is  not  an  idiot),  Wisconsin,  and  Wyoming.  On  the 
other  hand,  the  legal  definition  of  the  term  "insane 
person"  excludes  idiots  or  imbecUes,  or  both,  in  Kansas, 
Michigan,  Minnesota  (in  a  section  relating  to  probate 
coiu-ts),  New  Jersey,  New  Mexico,  New  York,  and  Vir- 
ginia; and  in  the  statutes  of  lUinois,  in  a  definition  of 
the  word  "insane"  contained  in  a  chapter  relating  to 
commitment,  it  is  stated  that  idiots  are  not  to  be 
regarded  as  insane.  In  sections  of  the  laws  of  Iowa 
(in  a  chapter  relating  to  the  care  of  the  insane),  Mis- 
souri, Nebraska,^  North  Dakota,  Ohio,  Oklahoma,  and 
South  Dakota,  the  term  "insane"  is  defined  as  includ- 
ing every  species  of  mental  derangement ;  but  it  is  not 
clear  from  this  whether  idiots  are  included,  iilthough 
the  fact  that  this  definition  is  followed  in  the  case  of 
Iowa,  Nebraska,  North  Dakota,  Ohio,  Oklahoma,  and 
South  Dakota  by  a  statement  that  the  term  "idiot" 
is  restricted  to  persons  supposed  to  be  naturally  "with- 
out mind"  woxild  appear  to  indicate  that  the  term 
"insane"  is  not  intended  to  include  idiots  in  those 
states. 

•  According  to  the  definitions  in  the  Maine  statutes,  the  words 
"insane  person"  may  include  idiots  except  in  the  chapter  relating 
to  the  insane  hospitals. 
'  According  to  a  section  omitted  in  the  Revised  Statutes  of  1913. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


75 


The  states  in  which  the  provisions  regarding  per- 
sons to  bo  admitted  to  the  general  state  insane  hos- 
pitals either  expressly  exclude  mere  idiots  from  the 
classes  to  be  admitted  or  indicate  that  such  persons 
are  not  considered  suitable  patients,  are  the  following: 
Alabama,  Cahfornia,  Idaho,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa, 
Kentucky,  Maim',  Michigan,  Miruxesota  (except  for  the 
asylums  for  dangerous  insane  at  St.  Peter  State  Hos- 
pital), Mississippi,  New  Mexico,  Now  York,  North 
Carolina,  North  Dakota,  Oklahoma,  South  Dakota, 
Texas,  Vermont,  Virginia,  Washington,  West  Virginia, 
and  Wisconsin.  In  Georgia  harmless  idiots  and  other 
harmless  subjects  not  requiring  hospital  treatment 
may  be  refused  admission  to  the  Georgia  State  Sani- 
tarium as  long  as  there  are  recent  and  dangerous  cases 
unprovided  for. 

In  contrast  to  the  states  named  in  the  last  para- 
graph, Oregon  had  in  1910  a  provision  (repealed  in 
1913)  specifically  including  idiots,  if  they  had  been 
legally  adjudged  idiotic,  among  the  classes  who  might 
be  committed  to  the  state  hospital.  Idiots  and  feeble- 
minded persons  may  be  admitted  to  the  Nevada 
Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases  if  they  have  certain 
prescribed  residence  qualifications;  and  the  feeble- 
minded and  noninsane  epileptics  are  admitted  to  the 
State  Mental  Hospital  of  Utah. 

No  restrictions  as  to  the  degree  of  mental  unsound- 
ness of  persons  to  be  committed  to  the  state  asylums 
for  the  insane  are  found  in  the  statutes  of  Connecticut, 
Louisiana,  Maryland,  Massachusetts  (except  when  the 
person  in  question  has  not  been  an  inhabitant  of  the 
state  throughout  the  six  months  preceding  his  trial 
and  no  satisfactory  provision  has  been  made  for  his 
maintenance  at  the  hospital),  Missouri,  New  Jersey, 
Pennsylvania,  South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  and  Utah; 
nor  are  any  such  restrictions  made  in  the  provisions 
of  law  relating  to  the  Government  Hospital  for  the 
Lisane  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

It  will  be  noted  by  a  comparison  of  the  groups  of 
states  named  iji  the  preceding  paragraphs  that  some 
of  the  states  in  wliich  the  term  "insane  person"  is  held 
to  include  idiots,  exclude  them  from  the  classes  eligible 
for  admission  to  the  general  state  hospitid,  while 
others  have  no  restrictions  as  to  the  degree  of  derange- 
ment of  persons  to  be  admitted  to  the  state  hospital. 
In  the  latter  gi'oup  of  states  it  seems  probable  that  the 
decision  as  to  whether  a  person  is  a  fit  subject  for 
treatment  in  the  state  hospital  is  made  by  the  com- 
mitting authority. 

Only  the  dangerous  insane  or  jioi-sons  whose  mental 
disorder  is  such  as  to  endanger  health,  person,  or 
property  may  be  committed  to  the  state  insane 
hospitals  through  regular  commitment  proceedings' 
in  Arizona,  Cahfornia,  Montana,  Nevada  (unless  the 
insane  person  has  certain  pr(!scribed  r&sidence  qualifi- 
cations),   and    New    Hampshii-e.     In    Arkansas    the 

'  That  is,  the  regular  form  of  application  states  that  the  person's 
being  at  largo  is  dangerous  to  the  community,  etc. 


appUcation  for  commitment  must  state  that  the  per- 
son's being  at  large  is  dangerous  to  the  community 
or  prejudicial  to  Ms  chances  of  recovery,  and  in 
Oregon  (according  to  the  law  in  force  since  1913)  it 
must  state  that  the  pei-son  by  reason  of  insanity  is 
unsafe  to  be  at  large  or  is  suft'ering  from  exjjosure  or 
neglect. 

The  harmless  insane,  or  those  who  are  harmless  and 
incurable,  are  declared  not  to  be  fit  patients  for  the 
state  hospitals  in  California,  Florida,  Kentucky,  New 
York,  and  Vermont.  In  Alabama  simple,  harmless, 
incurable  "dements,"  dotards,  and  imbeciles  are  classed 
as  not  being  fit  patients  for  the  state  hospitals. 

Epileptics  as  such  are  by  law  excluded  from  the 
persons  who  may  be  committed  to  the  state  hospitals 
for  the  insana  in  California,  Kentucky,  Michigan 
(except  under  certain  conditions),  and  New  York. 
Insane  epileptics  are  probablv  admitted  to  state  hos- 
pitals for  the  insane  in  most  states,  unless  a  separate 
institution  for  epileptics  is  maintained. 

The  states  vary  considerably  with  regard  to  the 
admission  of  inebriates,  drug  users,  etc;.  In  the  fol- 
lowing states  the  statutes  specify  that  inebriates  may 
be  admitted  to  state  hospitals  for  the  insane:  Cali- 
fornia (1911),  Idaho  (1913),  Iowa  (females),  Massa- 
chusetts (females),  Michigan,  Nebraska,  Now  Jersey, 
South  Carolina,  and  Vermont.  In  Wisconsin  inebri- 
ates may  be  committed  to  county  asylums  for  the 
insane.  Demented  inebriates  may  be  admitted  to 
the  Georgia  State  Sanitarium. 

On  the  other  hand,  in  Alabama  the  law  states  that 
no  class  of  patients  other  than  the  insane  shall  be 
admitted  to  the  state  hospitals,  and  in  Cahfornia 
prior  to  1911,  persons  suffering  from  acute  mania  a 
potu  were  excluded  from  the  state  hospitals. 

The  admission  of  drug  users  to  state  hospitals  is 
expressly  permitted  by  the  laws  of  California  (1911), 
Idaho  (1913),  Iowa  (females),  Massachusetts  (fe- 
males), Michigan,  Nebraska,  South  Carolina,  and 
Vermont. 

In  some  states  there  are  restrictions  with  regard  to 
the  length  of  residence  rendering  a  person  eUgible  for 
admission  to  the  state  hospitals. 

Within  the  limits  prescribed  by  law  the  suitabihty 
of  a  case  for  commitment  to  a  state  hospital  is  usually 
determined  by  tlie  committing  authority  or  by  the 
superintendent  or  board  in  control  of  the  institution. 

LEGAL  PROCEDURE  IN  COMMITMENT. 

The  legal  procedure  prescribed  for  securing  the 
commitment  of  an  insane  person  to  an  institution  is 
in  most  states  somewhat  as  follows :  Some  one  makes 
written  application  to  a  designated  com't  or  judge  (or 
to  county  commissioners  of  insanity)  in  a  sworn 
statement  alleging  that  the  person  (either  a  resident 
of  the  county  or  found  within  the  coimty)  whose 
commitment  is  sought  is  insane.  The  judge  then 
causes    two    regular   practicing   physicians    (in   some 


76 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


states  special  medical  examiners)  to  examine  the  per- 
son alleged  to  be  insane  and  report  their  conclusions  as 
to  his  sanity.  As  a  rule,  neither  of  these  physicians 
may  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  the  alleged 
insane  person  nor  interested,  financially  or  otherwdse, 
in  the  asylum  to  which  the  pei'son  is  to  be  committed. 
The  judge  is  authorized  to  summon  witnesses  and  in 
some  cases  to  call  a  jury.  After  hearing  the  evidence 
the  judge  or  the  juiy  decides  as  to  the  sanitj'  of  the 
alleged  insane  person,  and  if  the  judge  beUeves  him  a 
fit  subject  for  confinement  in  an  institution,  he  must 
issue  an  order  for  commitment. 

There  are  numerous  exceptions  to  this  manner  of 
procedure,  as  will  be  noted  bj^  examination  of  Table  5. 
In  some  states  the  only  legal  requirement  regai'ding 
medical  testimony  is  that  a  physician  or  physicians 
be  included  among  the  mtnesses ;  in  others  the  person 
applying  for  the  commitment  is  requu'ed  to  submit 
certificates  of  physicians  with  the  appHcation,  and 
such  certificates  sometimes  constitute  the  only  medi- 
cal testimony  requii-ed.  Where  a  board  determines 
the  question  of  the  sanity  of  the  person  under  ex- 
amination, one  member  is  usually  a  physician,  as  in 
the  case  of  the  commissioners  of  insanity  in  Iowa, 
Nebraska,  North  Dakota,  Oklahoma,  and  South 
Dakota;  and  in  one  of  the  states  where  provision  is 
made  for  trial  bj'  jury  the  law  specifies  that  one 
member  of  the  jury  should  be  a  physician.  Even  in 
the  few  states  whose  laws  make  no  specifications  as 
to  medical  testimony  the  judge  presumably  is  em- 
powered to  obtain  testimony  from  physicians.  In 
South  Carolina  a  judge,  and  in  Wyoming  a  jmy,  de- 
termines the  insanity  of  the  person  in  question  before 
a  physician's  certificate  of  Ivmacy  is  secured. 

As  shown  by  the  headnote,  Table  5  gives  infor- 
mation regarding  regular  procedure  in  commitment 
to  the  state  hospitals  for  the  insane,  but  does  not 
indicate  states  in  which  pay  patients  may  be  com- 
mitted to  the  hospital  without  court  proceedings.  A 
list  of  such  states  is  given  on  page  77.  In  some  cases 
it  is  probably  necessary  that  the  person  should  have 
been  previously  adjudged  insane  or  have  a  guardian. 

The  table  does  not  give  information  about  voluntary 
commitments  nor  provisions  for  temporaiy  commit- 
ment unless  these  are  involved  in  the  procedure  pre- 
scribed for  indefinite  commitment,  nor  does  it  cover 
transfers  from  other  public  institutions.  While  it  is 
contrary  to  the  Federal  Constitution  to  deprive  a  per- 
son of  his  liberty  permanently  without "  due  process  of 
law,"  an  insane  person  may  be  taken  into  custody  tem- 
porarily without  legal  process.  For  more  than  tempo- 
rary detention,  however,  proceedings  which  shall  con- 
stitute "due  process  of  law"  must  be  had  within  a  rea- 
sonable time.  According  to  decisions  of  several  courts, 
"due  process  of  law  is  not  confined  to  judicial  pro- 
ceedings, but  extends  to  every  case  which  may  deprive 
a  citizen  of  life,  liberty,  or  property,  whether  the  pro- 


ceedings be  judicial,  administrative,  or  executive."* 
For  the  pui-pose  of  committing  insane  persons  to  the 
state  hospitals,  judicial  duties  are  sometimes  devolved 
upon  boards  such  as  the  commissioners  of  insanity  and 
other  administrative  boards  or  officers. 

According  to  the  laws  of  Delaware,  insane  persons 
may  be  admitted  to  the  state  hospital  by  the  written 
order  of  any  one  of  the  trustees,  upon  the  certificate  of 
two  practicing  physicians  of  tlie  county  where  the 
person  resides.  In  all  the  other  states  commitments, 
other  than  temporary,  to  a  state  hospital  for  the  in- 
sane, except  in  the  case  of  pay  patients  or  voluntaiy 
patients,  are  regidarly  made  by  some  judicial  officer  or 
ofiicers,  except  tliat  in  Maine  the  municipal  officers 
have  the  same  jurisdiction  as  the  probate  judge  over 
commitments,  and  in  Maryland  indigent  insane  per- 
sons are  committed  by  the  coimty  commissioners  of 
the  several  counties  or  the  supervisoi-s  of  city  charities 
in  Baltimore.  In  Iowa,  Nebraska,  North  Dakota, 
Oklahoma,  and  South  Dakota  the  county  commis- 
sioners of  insanity  have  jurisdiction  of  commitments 
to  the  state  hospitals. 

Although  it  has  been  held  that  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion requires  that  due  notice  of  the  intended  proceed- 
ings should  be  given  to  an  alleged  insane  person,  there 
are  few  states  in  which  the  statutes  specifically  require 
that  notice  be  given  in  such  cases.  Notification  of  the 
alleged  insane  person  is  expressly  required  by  statute 
in  California,  Colorado  (except  imder  certain  condi- 
tions), Connecticut,  Illinois,  Kansas, Maine,Mississippi, 
New  Jersey  (since  1913),  Rhode  Island,  and  Vei-mont 
(according  to  a  provision  of  1910),  but  is  left  to  the 
discretion  of  the  committing  authority  in  Michigan, 
Nebraska,  New  Hampshire,  New  York,  and  Wisconsin. 
In  the  other  states  there  are  no  specific  provisions. 

A  trial  by  jury  is  not  held  to  be  necessary  for  the 
commitment  of  an  insane  person  imless  it  is  required 
by  the  state  constitution  or  statutory  law.  A  jury 
trial  is  prescribed  by  the  laws  of  Colorado,  the  District 
of  Columbia,  Kentucky,  Mississippi,  and  Wyoming, 
and  was  required  in  Texas  until  an  amendment  of 
1913  substituted  a  commission  for  the  jury.  Such  a 
trial  must  be  held  if  demanded  in  behalf  of  the  alleged 
insane  person  in  Illinois,  Kansas,  Maryland,  Michigan, 
Washington,  and  Wisconsin.  If  tlie  judge  deems  it 
advisable  he  may  call  a  jury  in  Alabama,  lUinois, 
Kansas,  Massachusetts,  Michigan,  Missouii,  and  New 
Jersey.  In  Maryland  and  Jlichigan  persons  concerned 
who  are  not  necessarily  acting  in  behalf  of  the  alleged 
insane  person  may  demand  a  trial  by  jury,  and  in  Cali- 
fornia any  person  aggrieved  by  the  failure  of  the  judge 
to  commit  an  alleged  insane  person  has  this  privilege. 

In  certain  states,  as  shown  on  page  82,  appeals  from 
ordei's  of  commitment  may  be  tried  before  courts 
which  grant  a  trial  by  jury.     A  fist  of  states  in  which 

'  National  conference  of  charities  and  correctionB,  Proceedings, 
1910,  p.  260. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


77 


the  laws  specifically  state  that  persons  found  to  be  in- 
sane may  have  their  sanitj'  tested  by  habeas  corpus 
proceedings  is  given  on  page  85. 

In  California,  according  to  an  act  of  1913,  the  court 
may  commit  persons  found  on  examination  as  pro- 
vided by  law  to  be  mentally  sick  and  bordering  on 
insanity,  but  not  dangerously  insane,  to  the  care  and 
custody  of  psychopathic  probation  officers,  or  the 
court  may  allow  such  a  person  to  be  held  in  his  own 
home  or  in  a  suitable  home  or  sanitarium,  subject  to 
the  supervision  of  the  psychopathic  probation  officer 
and  the  further  order  of  the  court.  The  office  of  psy- 
chopathic probation  officer  maj'  be  created  in  any 
county  in  the  state  by  the  board  of  supei-visors  of  the 
county. 

Pay  patients  committed  witlwut  judicial  j^roceedings. — 
In  a  large  number  of  states  the  laws  contain  specific 
provisions  to  the  effect  that  persons  may  be  admitted 
as  pay  patients  to  the  state  hospitals  without  the 
regular  legal  procedure  prescribed  for  commitment  to 
the  institution;  and  it  seems  probable  that  in  some 
states  where  no  such  provisions  appear  in  the  laws 
either  the  superintendent  or  the  board  controlfing  the 
iiLstitution  has  authority  to  admit  as  a  pay  patient  a 
person  not  regularly  committed  whose  guardian,  rela- 
tives, or  friends  desire  to  make  such  an  arrangement. 
The  laws  in  several  states  require  the  presentation  of 
a  certificate  of  insanity  signed  by  a  physician,  or  by 
two  or  more  physicians.  Table  9,  on  page  86,  shows  in 
what  states  pay  is  charged  for  patients  committed  by 
formal  proceedings  and  what  persons  are  responsible. 

Nonresident  insane  persons  may  be  admitted  as  pay 
patients  in  Delaware,  Georgia,  North  Dakota,  Okla- 
homa, South  Carohna,  South  Dakota,  Virginia,  and 
West  Virginia;  but  in  South  Carohna  and  West  Vir- 
ginia the  proceedings  indicated  in  Table  5  arc  neces- 
sary. In  CaUfornia  United  States  soldiers  and  sailors 
maj'  be  admitted  as  pay  patients,  even  though  they 
are  not  residents,  and  in  Connecticut  nonresident  pau- 
pers may  be  committed  to  the  state  hospital  by  the 
governor  upon  the  presentation  of  a  certificate  signed 
bj'  a  reputable  physician. 

Provisions  regarding  voluntary  patients  are  noted 
in  the  next  section.  The  following  states  have  specific 
provisions  authorizing  the  admission  of  pay  patients, 
other  than  voluntary  patients,  not  committed  by 
judicial  proceedings:  Cafifornia,  Delaware,  the  District 
of  Columbia,  Florida,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Mississippi, 
Missouri,  New  Hampshire,  New  Jersey,  North  Dakota, 


Oklahoma,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  South  Dakota, 
Tennessee,  Texas,  Vermont,  Virginia,  and  Wyoming. 

Voluntary  commitntient. — In  1.5  states  the  statutes 
provide  for  voluntary  commitments  to  the  state  in- 
sane hospitals — that  is,  a  person  who  of  his  own  accord 
appUes  tosuch  aho.spital  for  treatment  may  be  detained 
there  if  there  is  room  to  accommodate  him.  In  some 
of  these  states  such  persons  may  be  admitted  only  as 
pay  patients. 

With  regard  to  the  class  of  persons  who  may  be  ad- 
mitted as  voluntary  patients  there  is  usually  some 
specification  in  the  laws,  as  that  the  person  seeking 
admission  should  be  in  the  early  stages  of  insanity,  or 
should  not  have  reached  a  degree  of  derangement 
which  would  render  it  legal  to  grant  an  order  for  his 
commitment  as  an  insane  person,  or  that  he  must 
comprehend  the  act  of  voluntary  commitment,  etc. 
In  Miclugan  the  application  must  be  accompanied  by 
a  certificate  signed  by  two  physicians  stating  that  the 
person  needs  asylum  treatment  but  is  not  insane.  A 
physician's  certificate  is  necessary  for  the  commit- 
ment of  a  voluntary  patient  in  North  Carolina,  and  a 
certificate  signed  by  two  physicians  in  Wisconsin. 

The  period  for  which  a  voluntary  patient  may  be 
detained  is  hmited  in  Ohio  to  60  days,  and  in  Pennsyl- 
vania to  one  month,  with  the  privilege  of  renewal. 
Some  laws  prescribe  that  a  person  may  not  be  held 
as  a  voluntary  patient  after  his  condition  becomes 
such  that  he  should  be  regularly  committed  to  some 
hospital. 

A  voluntary  patient  may  not  be  detained  for  more 
than  a  certain  specified  length  of  time  after  he  has 
made  written  request  to  be  allowed  to  go  at  large,  this 
period  ranging  from  24  hours  to  10  days. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  states  having  provisions 
regarding  voluntary  patients:  California  (1911),  Colo- 
rado, Connecticut,  IlUnois,  Maryland,  Massachusetts, 
Michigan,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Carohna, 
Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  Vermont,  Virginia 
(1914),  and  Wisconsin. 

In  Minnesota  there  are  provisions  for  voluntary 
commitment  to  detention  hospitals.  The  superin- 
tendent may  continue  the  detention  of  such  a  patient 
when  he  deems  it  advisable,  and  if  the  patient  asks 
to  bo  released,  and  it  is  considered  unsafe,  must  witliin 
three  days  call  in  the  state  hospital  commission  (see 
Table  5,  note  20)  to  determine  whether  the  patient  is 
insane.  If  found  insane  the  patient  must  be  com- 
mitted to  the  state  hospital;  otherwise  he  must  be 
released. 


78 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  5.— PROCEDURE  IN  COMMITMENT 


ITheproviskmasummariied  b«low  relate  only  to  regular  procedure  prescribed  for  coBunitting  persons  to  the  state  institutions  for  the  insane.    Proceedings  incases  where 
a  person  insane  are  not  shown  unless  such  proceedings  are  involved  in  the  formal  commitment  of  persons  to  the  state  hospitals.    For  lists  of  states  in  which  pay 


Person  making  application. 
1 


Authority  to  whom  application  is  made. 

i 


Presence  of  alleged  insane  person  at 
hearing  or  trial  required. 


38 


Alabama.. 
Arixona. . 
Arkansas. 


California 

Colorado . . . . 
Cormecticut . 

Delaware 


District  of  Columbia'. 
Florida 


Georgia' 


Idaho... 
Illinois.. 
Indiana. 
Iowa 


Kansas 

Kentucky . 


Louisiana  ". 


Maine  " 

Maryland  ". 


Massachusetts. 


Michigan 

Minnesota". 


Mississippi". 
Missouri^ 

Montana 


Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire  ". 
New  Jersey  »^ 


New  Mexico. 
New  York  ". 


North  Carolina . 


North  Dakota. 

Ohio 

Oklahoma 


Or^on  *i 

Pennsylvania . 


Anyone 

Anyone 

Any  reputable  citizen  of  state. 


Anyone 

.\ny  reputable  person. 
Anyone 


Anyone. 


Probate  Judge  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged 

insane  person. 
Probate  judge  (since  I913judge  of  superior  court) . 

County  and  probate  judge  of  county  of  residence 
of  alleged  msane  person. 


County  magistrate. 

County  judge 

Probate  court ' 


At  discretion  of  judge. 
Yes 


Yes 

At  discretion  of  court. 


Commissioners  of  District  of  Columbia 

5  reputable   citizprLs   (not   more  than  1 

may    be  a  relatiye  of  alleged    insane 

person. ) 
An  vone 


Anyone 

Any  reputable  cit  izen  of  covmty 

A  respectable  citizen  of  county  of  residence. 
Anyone 


Any  reputable  cil  izen  of  town  or  township. 
Anyone 


Anyone . 


.\uy  blood  relatiye,  the  husband  or  wife, 

or  a  justice  of  peace. 
.\nyone 


Near  relative  or  certain  officials. 
Near  relative  or  guardian 


Any  citizen 

Any  clt  izen  of  county  of  residenceof  alleged 

insane  person. 
Magistrate  of  county 


Anyone. 
Anyone. 
Anyone. 
Anyone. 

Anyone. 


Anyone  with  whom  alleged  insane  person 
lives,  near  relative,  next  of  kin  avail- 
able, committee  of  his  person,  or  an  over- 
seer of  poor. 

Any  respectable  citizen  of  county  of  resi- 
dence of  alleged  insane  person. 


Rhode  Island  ". . 


.Anyone 

Any  resident  citizen  of  cotmty . 


Superintendent  of  state  hospital  •. 


Equity  court 

County  judge  or  circuit  court  judge. 


County  ordinary-  (or,  in  certain  cases,'  judge  of 
superior  court). 


Magistrate  of  county 

Clerk  of  county  court 

Justice  of  peace  of  county 

County  commissioners  of  insanity . 


Alleged   insane   person   may    in   certain 
cases'  be  arrested. 

Alleged  insane  person  must  be  arrested  and 

taken  before  judge  of  a  court  of  record. 
As  circumstances  warrant 


Probate  judge 

Circuit  coiu-t,  if  in  session  in  county;  otherwise 
a  judge  of  a  circuit  court  or  presiding  judge  of 
county  court. 

Judge  of  district  coiu-t  (district  court  or  j)arish 
court  in  provisions  relating  to  hospual  at 
Jackson). 

Municipal  officers  (acting  as  board  of  examiners) 
or  probate  judge. 

County  commis-sioners  of  county  (or  if  person 
resides  in  Baltimore,  supervisors  of  city  chari- 
ties of  department  of  charities  and  corrections 
of  Baltimore). 


Either  of  judges  of  probate  for  Sufiolk  County, 
judge  of  probate  for  Nantucket  County,  or  a 
justice  (not  a  special  justice  except  in  cases  of 
emergency)  of  a  police,  district,  or  municipal 
court  (except  municipal  court  of  Boston). 

Probate  court 


At  discretion  of  commissioners  of  insanity 


Unless  certified  by  credible  person  to  be 

inadvisable, 
Unless  certified  by  2  regular  practicing 

physicians  to  be  unsafe. 


Presence  permitted . 


Probate  judge  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged 
insane  person. 


Examination  by  jndge,  at  his  discretion. . . 


Presence  permitted  unless  deemed  unsafe 
by  judge. 


Clerk  of  chancery  court. 
Clerk  of  county  court  — 


Yes. 


Any  district  judge  in  the  county;  in  absence  of 
such,  chairman  of  board  of  county  commis- 
sioners. 

County  commissioners  of  insanity 


Yes. 


Judge  of  district  court;  in  his  absence,  coimty 

clerk. 
Probate  judge,  supreme  cotut,  or  any  justice  of 

supreme  court. 
Justice  of  supreme  court  presiding  in  com-ts  of 

county  of  residence  of  alleged  insane  person, 

or  judge  of  circuit  court,  or  jadga  of  court  of 

common  pleas. 
Justice  of  peace 


Yes. 


Judge  of  a  court  of  record  of  city  or  coimty,  or 

justice  of  supreme  court. 


Clerk  of  superior  com-t  (in  an  emergency,  Justice 
of  peace  makes  examination). 


Coimty  commissioners  of  insanity . 


Alleged  insane  person  must  be  brought 
before  judge  by  peace  officer. 


Personal  examination  by  clerk . 


Probate  judge:  in  his  absence,  judge  of  court  of 
common  pleas. 
Anyone County  commissioners  of  insanity 


Any  citizen 

Any  respectable  citizen . 


Anyoae. 


At  discretion  of  commissioners  of  insanity. 


Alleged  insane  person  must  be  brought 

before  judge  or  visited  by  judge. 
At  discretion  of  commissioners  of  insanity. 


Coimty  j  udge 

Coort  of  common  pleas  or  quarter 


Any  justice  of  supreme  court. 


Yes 

Statements  of  alleged  insane  person  or  his 
counsel  must  be  heard  by  examining 
commission. 

Yes 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


79 


TO  GENERAL  STATE  HOSPITALS. 


application  w  made  merely  for  the  confmement  or  restraint  of  the  person  alleged  to  be  insane  or  his  temporary  commitment  to  the  hospital  and  proceedings  for  adjudging 
patients  and  voluntary  patients,  respectively,  may  be  admitted  to  the  state  hospitals  without  judicial  proceedings,  see  p.  77.    For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  80  and  81.J 


.VIedical  testimony. 
4 


Trial  by  Jury. 
5 


Authority  determining  insanity. 


Authority  committing. 
7 


1  physician 

2  (since  1913, 1  or  more)  reputable  practi- 
tioners of  medicine. 

2  reputable,  competent,  and  disinterested 
physicians,  examining  at  different  times 
and  places.* 

At  least  2  medical  examiners' 

(") 

At  least  2  reputable  and  qualified  physi- 
cians selected  by  coiu-t.^ 

2  practicing  physicians,  examining  sep- 
arately.' 


At  discretion  of  Judge. 


Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  probate  judge. . 

Probate  judge  (since  1913  judge  of  superior 

court). 
County  and  probate  judge 


(') 
Yes. 


Judge  of  superior  court  of  coimty . 

Jury 

Probate  coiut 


2practicing  physicians  of  good  professional 
standing,  residents  of  the  coimty. 

1  physician  (see  coltunn  6) 


Yes. 


1  or  more  graduates  in  medicine. 
1  or  more  physicians 


2    reputable    practicing    physicians    of 

county." 
1  practicing    physician   of   county  (who 

may  be  one  of  commissioners)  appointed 

by  commissioners. 
1  qualified  physician 


If  demanded,  or  if  deemed  ad- 
visable by  judge. 


If  person  imder  examhiatlon  is  not  present , 
2  regular  practicing  physicians. 


If  demanded,  or  if  deemed  ad- 
visable by  eotut. 
Yes 


2  reputable  physicians 

2  qualified  physicians   examining   sepa- 
rately." 


2  physicians  (3  if  deemed   advisable  by 
Judge)." 


2  reputable  physicians  ". 


If  demanded  by  alleged  insane 
person  or  any  of  his  relatives 
or  friends  or  requested  by 
commissioners  (or  supervi- 
sors of  city  charities  of  Balti- 
more}, jury  is  convened  by 
circuit  court  of  county  (or  by 
criminal  court  of  Baltimore). 

At  discretion  of  judge 


Board  of  3  physicians  (1  the  family  physi- 
cian ,  if  there  is  such )  appointed  by  j  udge 
of  probate,  determines  whether  alleged 
insane  person  needs  treatment  at  deten- 
tion hospital. 


If  demanded;  otherwise  at  dis- 
cretion of  court. 


1  physician 

At  least  2  graduates  in  medicine. 


Yes 

If  ordered. 


1  regular  practicing  physician  appointed 
by  commissioners. 

1  or  more  licensed  practicing  physicians . . . 

2  reputable  physicians  may  be  appointed 
by  courtor  judge." 

2  physicians  " 


At  discretion  of  Judge. 


At  least  1  witness  must  be  a  graduate  In 
medicine. 
At  least  2  qualifled  examiners  in  lunacy". 


2  physicians  >*., 


1  regular  practicing  physician  of  county 
(who  may  be  one  of  commissioners),  ap- 
pointed by  commissioners. 

2  reputable  physicians  "> 


1  regular  practicing  physician  of  county 
(who  may  be  one  of  commissioners),  ap- 
pointed by  commissioners. 

1  or  more  competent  physicians 

Medical  member  of  examining  commis- 
sion. 


Equity  court 

Coimty  judge  or  circuit  court  judge,  upon 
report  of  examining  committee.^ 

Commission  appointed  by  ordinary  (1 
member  a  physician),  except  in  certain 
cases.' 

Judge  of  a  court  of  record  within  county. , 

Jury',  If  called;  otherwise  commission  of  2 

physicians  appointed  by  judge." 
Justice  of  peace 


Commissioners  of  insanity. 


Jury,  if  called:  13  otherwise  commissiou  of 

2  physicians  appointed  by  judge. 
Jury 


Judge  (see  colunm  2) . 


Municipal  officers  (acting  as  board  of  ex- 
aminers) or  probate  judge. 

Jury,  if  called;  if  no  jury,  county  commis- 
sioners (or  supervisors  of  city  charities 
in  Baltimore).!' 


Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  judge  or  justice 
(see  column  2). 


Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  probate  judge. . , 

State  hospital  commission,  upon  request 
of  superintendent  of  detention  hospital. 


Jury  or  majority  of  its  members 

Jury,  if  ordered:  otherwise  county  court. . 

Judge  or  chairman  of  board  of  county 
commissioners. 


Commissioners  of  insanity 

Judge  of  district  court  or  county  clerk 

Probate  judge,  supreme  court,  or  justice 

of  supreme  court. 
Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  justice  or  judge 

(see  column  2). 


Judge  of  district  court 

Judge  or  Justice  (see  column  2) . 


Clerk  of  superior  court  (in  cases  of  great 
emergency,  justice  of  peace). 


Commissioners  of  insanity. 


Probate  judge  or  judge  of  court  of  common 

pleas. 
Commissioners  of  insanity 


County  judge 

Commission  of  3  persons  appointed  by 
Judge  (1  member  must  be  a  doctor, 
another  a  lawyer). 

Justice,  upon  report  of  at  least  3  commis- 
sioners appointed  by  htin. 


Probate  j  udge 

Probate  judge 

Coimty  and  probate  judge 

Judge  of  superior  court  of  county 

County  judge 

Probate  court 

Order  of  admission  signed  by  1  or  more 
trustees  of  state  hospital. ^ 

Equity  court 

County  judge  or  circuit  court  judge 

County  ordinary  (or,  in  certain  cases,' 
judge  of  superior  court). 

Judge  of  a  court  of  record  within  county. 

County  court 

Clerk  of  county  court 

Commissioners  of  insanity 

Probate  court 

Judge  (see  column  2) 

Judge  (see  column  2) 

Municipal  officers  or  probate  Judge 

County  commissioners  (or  supervisors  of 
city  charities  in  Baltimore).'* 


Judge  or  Justice  (see  column  3) 

Probate  court , 

State  Board  of  Control 

Clerk  of  chancery  court 

County  court 

Judge  or  chairman  of  board  of  county  com- 
missioners (if  the  latter,  proceedings  must 
be  certified  and  approved  or  rejected  by 
district  judge). 

Commissioners  of  insanity 

Judge  of  district  court  or  ootmty  clerk 

Probate  judge,  supreme  court,  or  justice 

of  supreme  court. 
Justice  or  judge  (see  column  2) 

Judge  of  district  court 

Judge  or  justice  (see  column  2) 

Clerk  of  superior  court  (in  cases  of  great 
emergency,  justice  of  peace;  but  subse- 
quent order  from  clerk  is  required  within 
30  days). 

Commissioners  of  insanity 

Probatejudgeor  judgeof  court  of  common 

pleas. 
Commissioners  of  insanity 

County  Judge 

Judge  (see  coltunn  2) 

Justice  0/  supreme  court 


20 


38 


80 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  6.— PROCEDURE  IN  COMMITMENT 

[The  provisioDBaunimarized  below  relate  only  to  regular  procedure  prescrfljed  for  committing  persons  to  the  state  institutions  for  the  insane.    Proceedings  in  cases  where 
a  person  insane  are  not  shown  unless  such  proceedings  are  involved  in  the  formal  commitment  of  persons  to  the  state  hospitals.    For  lists  of  statea 


South  Carolina 

South  Dakota. 

Tennessee  '*... 

Texas» 

Utah 

Vermont  38 


Virginia 

Washington . . 

West  Virginia 
Wisconsin,... 

Wyoming 


Person  maldmr  application. 
1 


Relative,  friend,  or  citizen 

Anyone 

Respectable  citizen  of  coimty 

Anyone 

Anyone 

Husband  or  wife  of  alleged  insane  person, 
or  guardian  of  either,  or  guardian  of 
minor  children;  in  case  of  pauper,  se- 
lectmen of  town,  on  application  of  over- 
seer of  poor. 

Any  respectable  citizen 

Anyone 

Any  3  respectable  citizens 

Anyone 


Authority  to  whom  application  is  made. 
2 


Probate  judge  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged 

insane  person. 
County  commissionejs  of  insanity , 


Justice  of  peace  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged 

insane  person. 
County  judge  or  justice  of  peace 


District  judge  of  county  in  which  person  resides 
or,  if  latter  is  nonresident,  of  county  in  which 
he  is  found. 

Probate  judge , 


County  or  corporation  judge  or  justice  of  peace. 


Superior  court  of  county  or  judge  of  such  court. 


Any  justice  of  county  « 

Judge  of  county  court:  in  his  absence  or  disabil- 
ity, judge  of  any  court  of  record  for  county. 

District  coiu-t  or  judge  of  such  court , 


Presence  of  alleged  insane  person  at 
hearing  or  trial  required. 


At  discretion  of  commissioners  of  insanity. 

Alleged  insane  person  must  be  arrested  if 

judge  believes  he  is  insane. 
At  discretion  of  judge , 


(«) 


Yes 

Yes , 

Yes , 

Judge  may  have  alleged  insane  person 
brought  before  him;  if  jury  is  called, 
presence  of  insane  person  is  required. 

If  person  is  able  to  attend , 


NOTES  TO  TABLES. 

I  Neither  physician  may  be  related  to  the  person  examined. 

*  State  Commission  in  Lunacy  may  apply  directly  to  superior  court  judge  for  commitment  of  insane  person  not  properly  cared  for  by  relatives  or  guardian.  Medical 
examiners,  of  whom  at  least  2  are  appointed  by  superior  cjurt  of  each  county,  must  be  reputable  pliysicians,  graduates  of  incorporated  medical  colleges,  with  at  least 
5  years'  active  practice.    If  a  judge  rciuses  to  commit  an  alleged  insane  person,  anyone  aggrieved  may  demand  a  trial  by  jury. 

"  Any  physician  testifying  for  the  purpose  of  securing  commitment  must  be  certilied  by  the  judge  of  a  court  of  record  to  be  a  practicing  physician  of  reputable  character, 
a  graduate  of  some  incorporated  medical  college,  and  a  permanent  resident  of  the  state.  This  certificate  constitutes  him  an  examiner  m  lunacy.  He  must  not  be  connecteci 
with  state  asylum,  either  as  an  officer  or  regular  medical  attendant,  unless  he  is  superintendent  of  that  asylum. 

■*  Provisions  summarized  relate  only  to  persons  not  indigent  or  paupers.  Paupers,  upon  application  by  selectmen  of  the  town,  and  indigent  persons,  after  application 
by  any  person  in  their  behalf,  may  be  committed  by  probata  court  without  formal  hearing,  upon  report  of  two  reputable  physicians  appointee!  by  it  and,  in  the  case  of 
an  indigent  person,  a  selectman  of  town  where  person  resides,  like\\ise  appointed  by  judge.  Irovision  is  also  made  for  the  commitment  of  insane  persons  by  any  judge  of 
superior  court  after  inquiry  by  a  committee  of  three  persons  appointed  by  him,  of  whom  one  must  be  a  physician  and  another  a  lawyer  or  a  judge  or  a  justice  of  the  peace. 
Nonresident  insane  are  regularly  committed  by  order  of  governor. 

f>  Each  must  be  a  graduate  of  a  legally  organized  medical  institution,  with  at  least  3  years'  practice  in  the  state;  neither  may  be  connected  with  any  asylum  or  related 
by  blood  or  marriage  to  complainant  or  to  alleged  insane  person. 

6  A  person  may  also  be  admitted  by  order  of  court.  Physicians  signing  certificate  must  be  residents  of  coimty  in  which  insane  person  resides.  Each  must  have  been 
in  active  practice  for  at  least  5  years.  Neither  may  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  alleged  insane  person  or  in  any  way  connected  with  state  hospital.  Certificate 
signed  by  any  physii^ian  living  in  Wilmington  must  also  be  signed  by  one  or  both  of  the  physicians  appointed  for  the  purpose  by  trustees  of  st^te  hospital. 

'  Provisions  relate  to  residents  of  District  of  Columbia  who  are  indigent  or  dangerously  "insane.  Persons  from  the  Army,  Navy,  Marine  Corps,  and  other  Government 
services  are  admitted  by  superintendent  upon  order  ol  Secretary  of  War,  Secretary  ol  the  Navy,  or  Secretary  ol  the  Treasury,  as  the  case  may  be. 

*  Comprising  2  physicians  and  an  intelligent  citizen  who  is  not  one  of  the  petitioners. 

8  When  insane  person  has  no  guardian  or  guardian  on  notice  fails  to  confine  ward,  and  anyone  makes  oath  that  such  person  should  not  longer  be  left  at  large,  ordinary, 
or,  in  his  absence,  judg;e  of  superior  court,  must  issue  warrant  for  arrest  of  such  person,  and,  after  investigation  of  facts,  may  commit  him  to  State  Sanitarium.  In  this 
provision  no  mention  is  made  of  physician. 

10  Two  qualified  physicians  in  regular  and  active  practice,  residents  of  coimty,  and  of  known  competency  and  integrity.  In  all  cases  of  inquest  by  jury  one  member  of 
jury  must  be  a  qualified  physician. 

II  Appointed  by  judge  of  circuit  or  superior  court  or  by  Justice  of  peace.  They  must  reside  in  proper  county.  In  addition,  certificate  of  medical  attendant  of  alleged 
Insane  perscm  is  required. 

»2  One  member  must  be  a  physician  of  good  standing,  with  3  years'  regular  practice. 

"  The  provisions  summarized  were  repealed  by  an  act  approved  July  7, 1910.  According  to  this  act,  when  written  application  is  made  by  any  respectable  citizen  to 
the  judge  of  the  district  court,  judge  must  cause  person  whose  commitment  is  sought  to  be  brought  before  him  and  must  summon  2  licensed  and  reputable  physicians,  of 
whom  1  must  be  coroner  of  parish  and  the  other  physician  of  suspected  person,  if  he  has  any.  Neither  physician  may  be  relsited  to  suspected  person  or  have  any  interest 
in  his  estate.  Judge  and  2  physicians  constitute  a  commission  to  inquire  whether  person  is  insane  and  a  suitable  subject  for  a  hospital  for  insane.  If  after  examining 
suspected  person  and  hearing  witnesses  physicians  do  not  agree,  judge  must  determine  issue.  If  judge  finds  person  insane,  he  must  i'^sue  a  warrant  for  his  commitment  to 
hospital  designated  by  him  as  nearest  appropriate  hospital  havmg  vacancy.  These  provisions  do  not  interfere  with  method  of  commitment  of  insane  by  recorders  of  city 
courts  of  New  Orleans  upon  affidavits. 

1*  Where  complaint  is  made  to  probate  judge  it  must  be  accompanied  by  certificate  of  some  reputable  physician  stating  that  he  believes  person  insane.  Provisions 
summarized  do  not  relate  to  insane  minors,  who  may  be  sent  to  insane  hospital  by  parents  and  giiardians  without  legal  examination  within  30  days  after  attack.  The 
authority  (municipal  officers  or  judge  of  probate)  first  taking  jurisdiction  in  a  given  case  has  exclusive  jurisdiction  in  case  until  complaint  is  disposed  of,  and  if  one  tribunal 
refuses  to  commit  an  alleged  insane  person,  complaint  may  not  be  made  toother  tribunal  within  30  days  after  decision  of  first  is  recorded.  If  both  tribunals—probate  judge 
and  municipal  officers— upon  application  neglect  or  refuse  to  act  for  a  period  of  3  days  after  complaint,  application  may  finally  be  made  to  2  justices  of  peace,  who  must 
prcx^ed  in  form  prescribed  for  municipal  officers. 

li  Provisions  relate  to  indigent  persons  in  cases  where  there  are  no  relatives  or  others  legally  chargeable  with  their  support  who  are  able  to  pay  rates  for  private  patients 
in  any  institution  or  home  for  msane  in  state. 

16  Each  must  be  a  graduate  of  a  medical  school  with  5  years'  practice.  Neither  may  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  alleged  insane  person  or  connected  with  hospital 
to  which  commitment  is  to  be  made. 

IT  If  county  commissioners  {or  supervisors  of  city  charities  of  Baltimore)  are  not  satisfied  that  person  is  insane,  state's  attorney  of  county  (or  city  of  Baltimore)  must 
be  notified  and  immediately  bring  question  before  circuit  court  of  county  (or  criminal  court  of  Baltimore)  for  determination. 

1"  Each  must  be  a  registered  physician,  of  satisfactory  character  and  professional  knowledge  of  insanity,  and  a  graduate  of  a  legally  chartered  medical  school  or  college, 
and  must  have  been  in  actual  practice  for  the  3  years  last  preceding  the  making  of  the  certificate.  Neither  may  hold  any  office,  unless  as  consulting  or  advisory  physician, 
in  the  hospital  to  which  commitment  is  to  be  made. 

19  Physicians  must  be  appointed  by  probatecourt  of  county  in  which  alleged  insane  person  resides,  must  be  permanent  residents  of  the  state,  duly  registered,  and  must 
not  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  alleged  insane  person  or  to  person  applying  for  such  certificate;  neither  physician  may  be  a  trustee,  superintendent,  or  an  attending 
physician  of  institution  to  which  commitment  is  to  be  made. 

^  State  hospital  commissions  created  in  each  city  or  village  where  a  state  hospital  for  insane  is  located  have  power  to  examine  insane  persons  to  determine  as  to  their 
sanity.  Each  commission  is  composed  of  3  persons  (at  least  1  of  whom  is  a  duly  qualified  physician)  appointed  by  judge  or  judges  of  district  court  of  county  containing 
detention  hospital.  According  to  provisions  which  also  appear  in  General  Statutes  published  in  1913,  out  have  been  practically  superseded  by  the  law  summarized  in 
the  table,  probate  judge  or,  in  nis  absence,  court  commissioner  of  any  county,  upon  receiving  verified  information  that  an  insane  i>erson  in  lus  coimty  needs  care  and 
treatment,  must  order  person  Drought  before  him  for  examination  and  appoint  2  examiners  m  limacy,  who  with  the  judge  or  court  commissioner  constitute  a  jury.  If 
examiners  find  person  msane  and  a  fit  subject  lor  hospital  treatment,  commitment  is  ordered  by  the  judge  or  court  commissioner. 

21  The  superintendent  and  trustees  of  an  asylum  may  admit  residents  of  the  state  not  legally  adjudged  insane,  if  application  is  accompanied  by  sworn  certificate  of 
insanity  from  2  licensed  practicing  physicians  and  1  respectable  citizen  acquainted  with  person  in  question,  all  of  whom  must  be  residents  of  county  in  which  such  person 
resides. 

22  The  provisions  summarized  apply  only  in  the  case  of  indigent  persons. 

,23  The  parent,  guardian,  or  friends  of  an  insane  person  may  cause  him  to  be  committed  with  consent  of  trustees  (superseded  by  Board  of  Control).  An  insane  pauper 
may  be  committed  by  overseers  of  the  poor  or,  if  they  neglect  to  do  so,  supreme  court  or  any  judge  of  such  court.  In  all  cases,  except  where  commitment  is  by  order  of 
the  court  or  the  judge  of  probate,  certificates  of  2  reputable  physicians  of  the  quahfications  stated  m  note  24  are  necessary. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


81 


TO  GENERAL  STATE  HOSPITALS— Continued. 

application  is  made  merely  for  the  confinement  or  restraint  of  the  person  alleged  to  be  insane  or  his  ieinporar>'  commitment  to  the  hospital  and  proceedings  for  adjudgjag 
in  which  pay  patients  and  voiuntarj' patients, respectively,  may  be  admitted  to  the  staie  hospitals  without  judicial  proceedings,  see  p.  77. j 


Medical  testimraiy. 
4 


2  physicians  " 

1  r%ular  practicing  physician  of  county 
(who  may  be  one  of  commissioners),  ap- 
pointed by  commissioners. 

Medical  witnesses,  number  not  specified . . 


2  practicing  physicians 

2  legally  qualified  physicians  >' . 


Trial  by  Jury. 
5 


Authority  dtitermining  insanity. 


Yes". 


2  licensed  and  reputable  physicians;   in 
case  of  disagreement,  3.'' 

3  reputable  physicians {  If  demanded  by  alleged  insane 

I      person  or  anyone  in  his  be- 
half. 


2  physicians  appointed  by  judge  " '  If  demanded  by  alleged  insane 

person  or  any  friend  or  rela* 


(«> 


tive  in  his  behalf. 
Jury  of  6  men 


Probate  Judge.. ......w- 

Commissioners  of  insanity.. 

Justice  of  peace , 

Jury" 

District  judge 


Authority  committiu;;. 


Probate  judge 

Commissioners  of  insanity. 


Probate  judge. 


Clerk  of  county  court. 

County  judge 

District  judge 


Probate  judge.. 


Commission  consisting  of  judge  or  justice     Judge  or  justice  ^ . 
and  the  phjsicians  (see  columns  2  and 

4). 

Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  judge  of  superior 
court. 


Justice 

Jury,  if  called;  otherwise  judge. 

Jiirv 


Judge  of  superior  court. 


Justice «« . 
Judge 


Judge  (see  column  2). 


10 


NOTES  TO  TABLE  5— Continued. 

2i  Each  must  be  legally  registered  in  the  state,  with  at  least  3  years*  practice.  Neither  may  be  a  relative  of  alleged  insane  person  or  an  official  of  the  instituiiou.  They 
must  make exaniinaliou  jointly. 

■■»  According  to  provisions  in  force  Jan.  1 ,  1910,  an  application  accompanied  by  sworn  certificates  of  insanity  from  2  physicians  had  to  be  filed  with  head  officer  of  insti- 
tution, but  no  person  admitted  on  such  application  might  be  held  for  more  than  15  days,  unless  the  application  filed  as  stated  or  certified  copies  were  presented  within  that 
time  to  justice  of  the  supreme  court  pre^idmg  in  courts  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged  in^^-ane  person  or  to  a  jud^e  of  circuit  court  or  of  court  of  common  pleas  in  such 
county,  or,  if  that  county  was  not  known  or  person  was  a  nonre::;ident,  to  one  of  these  otlJcials  in  the  county  containmg  the  institution.  The  judicial  officer  was  authorized 
to  Institute  an  inquiry  and  at  his  discretion  call  a  jury.  According  to  provisions  enacted  in  1913,  no  person  admitted  on  an  application  in  the  form  prescribed  may  be  held 
without  an  order  of  temporary  commitment  from  the  judge  of  a  court  of  record  of  the  city  or  county  in  which  the  alleged  insiuie  person  rei^iJes  or  is  found  longer  than  is 
necessary  to  obtain  such  an  order.  This  order  must  institute  an  inquiry  within  lo  days  as  to  mental  condition  of  such  person,  such  inquiry  to  be  held  before  a  judge  of 
circuit  court  or  judge  of  court  of  common  pleas  of  county  of  residence  of  alleged  insane  person  (or,  if  this  is  not  known,  of  county  containing  the  institution).  Time  of 
conclusion  of  inquiry  may  be  extended  by  judge  to  30  days  from  date  of  order  instituting  inquiry.  If  person  does  not,  in  opinion  of  person  making  application  or  of  phy- 
sicians signing  ceniiicate.  require  Immeuiate  restraint,  application  for  his  commitment  must  first  be  made  to  judge  of  court  of  common  pleas  in  county  in  which  person 
resides  or  is  found,  or  to  judge  of  circuit  court  of  that  county,  for  order  instituting  an  inquiry  and  specifying  time  and  place  and  ju<licial  officer  to  hear  matter  (who  must 
be  one  of  those  noted  above  as  authorized  to  hold  inquiry).  Alleged  insane  person  must  be  present  at  hearing  unless  he  waives  this  right  or  it  Ls  deemed  inadvisable  by 
medical  director  of  hospital  or,  if  he  is  not  in  hospital,  his  personal  physician.  Judicial  ollicer  hearing  ca^e  may,  with  or  without  jury,  visit  alleged  insane  person.  If 
judge  finds  person  insane,  he  must  specify  place  of  commitment.  Application  for  commitment  is  to  be  made  to  juslice  of  supreme  court  only  when  common  pleas  judge  or 
circuit  court  judge  having  jurisdiction  to  hold  inquiry  neglects  to  do  so  within  the  15  days  allowed  for  holding  of  origmal  inquiry,  in  which  case  any  interested  person,  if 
person  has  not  been  temporarily  confined,  or  medical  director  of  hospital  may  make  application.    Decision  of  justice  of  supreme  court  is  final. 

'■»  Each  must  be  of  reputable  character,  a  graduate  of  some  incorporated  medical  college,  and  a  permanent  resident  of  the  state,  with  at  least  5  years'  actual  practice. 
Neither  may  be  an  oHicer  or  regular  professional  attendant  in  institution  to  which  commitment  is  to  be  made  or  a  near  relative,  either  by  blood  or  marriage,  or  a  guardian 
or  trustee  of  alleged  msane  person. 

^  If  a  judge  or  justice  reluses  to  grant  an  application  for  an  order  of  commitment  of  an  insane  person  proved  to  be  dangerous  to  himself  or  others,  any  person  aggrieved 
may  obtain  a  rehearing  and  review  and  a  determination  of  question  of  insanity  by  a  jury.  According  to  a  law  of  1912  an  officer  of  a  weil-recoenlzed  charitable  Institution 
may  make  application  for  the  determination  of  a  person's  sanity. 

2*  Application  must  be  accompanied  by  certificate  of  lunacy  made  after  a  joint  examination  by  2  e.xaminers  in  lunacy,  each  of  whom  must  be  a  reputable  physician 
and  a  regular  graduate  of  an  incorporated  medical  college,  with  at  least  3  years'  actual  practice,  and  must  have  filed  with  Commission  in  Lunacy  (since  1912  designated 
Stale  Hospital  Commission)  the  certificate  of  a  Judge  oi  a  court  of  record  showing  such  qualifications.  Neither  physician  may  Ge  a  relative  of  alleged  insane  person  or  have 
any  interest  in  institution  to  which  commitment  is  to  be  made. 

2*  Clerk  of  superior  court  may  call  to  his  assistance  the  coimty  physician  or  some  other  licensed  and  reputable  physician  and  must  take  testimony  of  at  least  1  licensed 
physician,  a  resident  of  the  state. 

"  »  These  must  have  had  at  least  5  years'  practice;  must  not  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  alleged  insane  person  or  to  person  making  application  nor  have  any  official 
comiection  with  any  state  hospital. 

>'  The  provisions  summarized  were  superseded  by  an  act  of  1913,  which  does  not  differ  in  respect  lo  items  noted  in  table,  except  that  it  does  not  state  that  person  noti- 
fying the  judge  should  be  a  citizen. 

i*!  .\nyjustice  or  clerk  of  adi3trictcourt,oncomplaint  that  a  person  within  the  county  is  dangerous  by  reason  of  insanity,  must  have  him  brought  liefore  <iistrict  court 
for  examination,  and  if  court  holds  complaint  true,  must  commit  him  to  Butler  Hospitaler  state  ho.spit-al  for  insane.  If  examuiation  is  held  elsewhere  than  in  open  court, 
testimony  of  2  practicuig  physicians  of  goo  I  standing  is  required. 

*>  Called  bj-  judge  to  certify  to  Insanity  of  person  in  question  when  judge  is  informed  that  person  can  be  received  in  state  hospital.  PhysiciacLs  must  be  registered  in 
accordance  with  state  law  and  must  have  examined  person  separately;  they  must  not  be  related  by  blood  or  marriage  to  person  examined. 

M  The  provisions  summarized  relate  to  nonpaying  patients.  If  after  inquest  justice  is  satisfied  that  person  in  question  Ls  insane,  he  must  require  medical  witnesses  named 
in  application  to  make  out  a  certificate  in  prescribed  form. 

»  When  affidavit  is  filed  with  county  judge  or  justice  of  peace  (who  transmits  it  to  coimty  judge),  alleged  insane  person  must  be  arrested,  if  judge  believes  information 
true.  Justice  of  peace  may  cause  person  to  be  arrested.  According  to  provisions  as  amended  in  1913,  county  judge  upon  receipt  of  affidavit  is  required  to  appoint  a 
commission  of  6  persons  which  must  include  1  phyi^ician  in  counties  of  lo.-s  than  5,000  inhabitants;  2  physicians  in  cotmties  of  5.000  but  less  than  10,000;  3  in  counties  of 
10,000  but  less  than  25,000;  4  in  coimties  of  25,iK)0  but  less  than  .0O,iX)O;  and  must  be  made  up  entirely  of  physicians  in  counties  of  -W.OOO  or  more  inliabitants.  If  majority  of 
members  find  person  in.<;ane,  and  in  need  of  restraint  and  treatment,  coiitity  judge  must  commit  him  to  one  of  the  state  insane  asylums. 

w  In  the  case  of  an  inmate  of  the  Soldiers'  Home,  application  is  made" by  the  superintendent.    The  procedure  noted  in  the  table  is  necessary  in  the  c;iso  of  all  insane 

Sersons  supported  wholly  by  state,  except  thosecommittedby  order  o  f  supreme  or  county  court  or  removed  from  state  prison  or  house  of  correction,  and  is  probably  followed 
I  the  case  of  all  persons  committed  to  the  state  hospital,  with  exceptions  noted.  According  to  an  act  approved  Jan.  14, 1911,uponsatisfactory  proof  that  person  whose 
commitment  is  sought  by  selectmen  de.^ires  to  attend  hearing  and  be  heard,  court  must  order  him  brought  before  it. 

•^  Unless  committed  by  supreme  or  coimty  court.  I'hysicians  must  be  residents  of  the  slate,  not  members  of  same  firm  nor  ofHccrs  of  a  hospital  for  insane  in  Vermont , 
nor  members  of  board  of  supervisors  for  insiuic. 

»*  One,  when  practicable,  must  be  physician  of  suspected  person:  neither  may  be  related  in  any  manner  to  such  person  or  mterestcd  in  hLs  estate. 

*>  Judge  or  justice  orders  temporary  restraint;  sheriff  or  commissioner  of  state  hospitals  arranges  for  final  (■ommitmcnt. 

«  Justice  orders  arrest  of  suspected  person  in  his  county  and  determines  whether  he  is  msane.  The  justice  may  summon  a  physician  or  any  other  witness.  If  justice 
finds  person  insane,  circuit  court  of  county  of  whidi  he  is  an  mhabit:uit  must  appoint  a  committee  for  him.  When  palieni  arrives  at  hospital,  he  is  examined  by  a  board 
composed  of  the  superintendent  and  a  director,  and  if  these  do  not  concur  in  opinion  with  the  justice,  they  must  order  that  person  in  question  be  conveyed  back  to  county 
in  which  he  was  examined.  When  a  person  residing  in  the  stale,  not  found  insane  by  a  justice,  is  suspected  lo  be  insane,  circuit  court  of  county  of  which  such  person  is  au 
inhabitant  must  on  application  of  any  pci^on  interested,  after  5  days'  notice  to  person  suspected,  examine  uilo  his  mental  condition,  and  if  satisfied  that  he  is  insane, 
appoint  a  committee  for  him.  If  such  person  is  sent  to  hospital,  the  clerk  of  court  must  transmit  to  the  auditor  a  certified  copy  of  the  bond  of  the  committee  and  of  any 
order  of  court  relating  to  the  insane  person,  and  after  person  is  admitted,  must  send  copies  of  such  orders  to  the  State  Board  of  Control. 

<i  According  to  provisions  in  force  in  1910,  each  must  be  of  good  repute  for  medical  skill  and  moral  integrity  andeilheragraduato  of  a  legally  incorporated  medical  school 
or  licensed  to  practice  medicine  in  the  state;  and  must  have  had  at  least  2  years' practice  or  1  year's  experience  as  physician  in  an  insane  hospital  after  graduation. 
According  to  an  amendment  of  1913,  each  must  be  disinterested. 

**  If  jury  finds  person  Insane,  the  coimty  physician  or  some  reputable  physician  appointed  by  the  court  must  furnish  a  lunacy  statement  to  clerk  of  district  court. 


27C22''— 14- 


-6 


82 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Appeal  from  order  of  commitment. — Besides  the  reg- 
ular legal  procedure  for  appeal  from  the  decisions  of 
such  courts  as  commit  insane  persons  in  the  various 
states,  there  are  specific  provisions  in  some  states  for 
appeal  from  an  order  of  commitment. 

The  provisions  summarized  in  Table  6  do  not  cover 
such  appeals  as  may  be  made  by  a  relative  or  friend 
of  the  person  alleged  to  be  insane,  or  by  the  person 
himself,  when  release  from  confinement  is  sought  on 
the  ground  that  the  person  in  question  is  wrongfully 
detained.  Such  cases,  as  well  as  special  provisions  for 
securing  writs  of  habeas  corpus  for  persons  held  as 
insane,  are  discussed  underthe  heading  of  "Discharge." 
Appeals  from  decisions  in  lunacy  inquests  are  not 
noted  here,  except  where  such  inquests  are  necessary 
in  procedure  for  commitment. 

The  case  against  the  person  committed  must  be 
represented  in  California  by  the  district  attorney  of 
the  county,  and  in  Connecticut,  at  the  discretion  of  the 
superior  court,  by  the  state's  attorney  or  some  deputy. 

In  Connecticut  a  court  granting  an  order  of  com- 
mitment may,  after  hearing,  revoke  the  order  abso- 
lutely or,  upon  receiving  the  bond  of  some  responsible 
person  for  the  confinement  of  the  insane  person  in  a 
suitable  place  other  than  an  asylum,  it  may  suspend 
the  commitment  for  such  time  as  it  deems  advisable. 

In  Vermont,  where  commitments  may  be  made  to 
the  hospital  upon  certificate  of  two  physicians,  a  person 


who  has  thus  been  declared  insane,  or  any  next  friend 
or  relative,  may  appeal  from  the  decision  of  the 
physicians  to  the  probate  court  for  the  district  in 
which  the  person  resides  or  in  which  the  hospital  to 
which  he  is  committed  is  located.  Notice  of  the 
a2:)peal  must  be  given  in  such  manner  as  the  court  may 
direct  to  the  state's  county  attorney,  who  must  appear 
and  represent  the  state.  If  a  jury  of  12  men  finds 
the  person  insane,  the  court  must  certify  the  verdict 
and  the  person  may  then  be  committed  to  a  hospital 
for  the  insane. 

In  addition,  it  should  be  noted  that  in  Oregon,  ac- 
cording to  the  provisions  in  force  on  January  1,  1910, 
an  appeal  might  be  made  from  the  county  court  in 
lunacy  proceedings  in  the  same  manner  as  appeals 
from  the  county  court  in  other  cases,  but  this  provision 
was  repealed  in  1913. 

In  Arizona,  according  to  a  section  appearing  for  the 
first  time  in  the  Revised  Statutes  of  1913,  an  appeal 
may  be  taken  to  the  supreme  court  from  the  order  of  a 
superior  court  committing  a  person  to  the  state  asylimi 
for  the  insane. 

In  Pennsylvania  an  appeal  may  be  taken  to  the 
supreme  court  from  an  order  by  a  com-t  regarding  the 
care  of  an  insane  person  and  the  disposition  of  his 
estate.  Provisions  for  appeal  from  guardianship  pro- 
ceedings and  decisions  of  insanity  are  not  noted  in 
the  table. 


Table  6.— APPEAL  FROM  ORDER  OF  COMMITMENT. 


STATE. 

Person  making  appeal. 

Conditions  of  appeal. 

Trial  of  appeal  held  by- 

California   . 

Person  ordered  to  be  committed  or 

any  friend. 
Any  person  aggrieved   by  order  of 

commitment. 
Any    relative    or    friend    of    person 

ordered  to  be  committed. 

Appeal  must  be  madewithin  5  days  of  order  of  commit- 
ment. 

Probate  court  may  require  appellant  to  give  bond  for  pay- 
ment of  costs  of  appeal  in  case  it  is  unsuccessful 

Appellant  must  make  affidavit  that  he  believes  alleged 
cause  of  commitment  did  not  and  does  not  exist  and 
that  conviction  of  lunacy  was  obtained  by  fraud,  collu- 
sion, or  mistake. 

Appellant  must  give  such  bond  and  security  as  court  may 
direct. 

Jury  before  superior  court  of  county 
in  which  commitment  was  ordered,* 
Superior  coiu-t. 

Jury. 

Ponnf^^timt. .    , 

Georgia 

niinpi.s. ...                 

Iowa 

Alleged  Insane  person , 

District  court.' 

Kfin^ft*? 

Appellant  must  give  such  bond  and  security  as  court  may 
direct. 

Michigan 

Any  person  aggrieved   by  order  of 

commitment. 
Person  ordered  to  be  committed  or 

any  one  representing  him. 

Circuit  coin*t  for  county  in  which  com- 
mitment was  ordered. 

Jury  before  justice  of  inipreme  court 
(other  than  justice  who  made  order 
of  commitment).* 

New  Yorfe 

Petition  must  be  made  for  a  rehearing  and  review  of  pro- 
ceedings within  30  days  after  order  of  commitment  is 
made.    Unless  he  is  a  near  relative  of  alleged  insane  per- 
son or  is  the  person  with  whom  the  Utter  resided,  peti- 
tioner must  give  bond  for  payment  of  costs  of  rehearing 
in  case  order  of  commitment  is  sustained. 

*  Verdict  of  at  least  three-fourths  of  jury  necessary  to  sustain  order  of  commitment. 

'  Judgment  of  district  court  is  finfil. 

>  If  jury  declares  person  sane,  he  must  bo  Immediately  discharged;  if  he  is  declared  insane,  order  of  recommitment  is  issued  in  same  manner  as  order  of  commitment. 


Cost  oi  commitment. — In  seven  states,  namely,  Cali- 
fornia, Connecticut,  Illinois,  Indiana,  (in  the  case  of 
persons  arrested  as  dangerously  insane),  Kansas, 
Pennsylvania,  and  Wyoming,  the  laws  provide  that  if 
a  person  for  whom  commitment  is  sought  is  found 
upon  investigation  not  to  be  a  suitable  subject  for 
conmiitment  as  insane,  the  one  instigating  the  investi- 
gation (in  Wyoming  coimty  officials  are  specifically 
exempted)  either  must  be  held  liable  for  all  costs  or 
may  be  so  held  at  the  discretion  of  the  investigating 
agency. 


In  these  states  as  well  as  in  Arizona,  Colorado,  the 
District  of  Columbia,  Florida,  Georgia,  Idaho,  Maine, 
Michigan,  Mississippi,  Missouri,  New  York,  Rhode 
Island,  Texas,  and  Utah  the  cost  of  commitment  of 
the  insane  person  must  be  borne  by  him  if  he  has 
sufficient  estate,  and,  in  a  nimiber  of  them,  persons 
legally  liable  for  his  support  are  made  responsible  for 
such  cost  or  a  part  of  it.  In  Massachusetts  the  cost 
of  commitment  of  patients  whose  expenses  at  the 
hospital  are  not  to  be  paid  by  the  state  would  appear 
to  be  chargeable  to  the  person  making  application  for 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


83 


commitment  or  some  one  in  his  behalf.  If  the  person 
committed  is  indigent,  however,  the  cost  is  chargeable 
in  Florida  (apparently),  Kansas,  Massachusetts,  Mis- 
sissippi, Missouri,  and  Pennsylvania  to  the  county  of 
legal  residence  or  the  county  of  legal  settlement  of  the 
insane  person,  as  also  in  Delaware  (where  there  are 
no  specific  provisions  regarding  the  cost  of  commit- 
ment of  nonindigent  persons) ;  in  Connecticut,'  Mame, 
and  Rhode  Island,  to  the  town  liable  for  his  support; 
in  New  York,  to  the  town,  city,  or  comity  securuig 
the  commitment;  in  California  (with  the  exception  of 
the  sheriff's  fees  and  expenses,  which  are  paid  by  the 
state),  Georgia,  Illinois,  Texas,  Utah,  and  Wyoming, 
as  well  as  in  South  Carolina  and  West  Vu-ginia  (where 
there  appear  to  be  no  specific  provisions  regarding  the 
cost  of  committing  the  nonindigent  insane), — and 
probably  also  in  Arizona,  Idaho,  Indiana,  and  Michi- 
gan— to  the  coimty  from  which  the  commitment  was 
made;  and  in  Colorado  to  the  state.  The  District  of 
Colimabia  pays  the  commitment  expenses  for  indi- 
gent insane  persons   committed  there. 

In  Ai'kansas,  Indiana  (except  in  the  case  of  persons 
arrested  as  dangerously  insane),  Iowa,  Minnesota, 
Montana,  Nebraska,  North  Carolina,  Oregon  (by  a  law 
of  1913),  Washington,  and  Wisconsin,  the  county  of 
legal  residence  is  chargeable  with  the  cost  of  commit- 
ment of  all  insane  persons,  except  that  in  North  Caro- 
lina the  cost  of  conveying  a  person  to  the  hospital 
must  be  paid  by  him,  if  he  has  sufficient  estate. 

In  Louisiana  the  parish,  and  in  Ohio  the  county, 
where  the  proceedings  are  held  paj's  the  cost  of  com- 
mitment of  all  insane  persons;  the  county  paid  this 
cost  in  Oregon  also,  prior  to  1913.  In  Vu-ginia  the 
coimty  or  corporation  from  which  the  patient  is  sent 
to  the  hospital  is  chargeable  with  this  expense,  except 
in  the  case  of  voluntary  patients  who,  according  to  the 
act  of  1914  providing  for  their  admission,  must  pay 
the  cost  of  their  transportation  to  the  hospital.  For 
indigent  insane  persons  in  New  Mexico  the  cost  of 
conunitment  is  paid  by  the  county  from  which  the 
person  is  taken  to  the  asylimi.  In  Vermont  the  town 
instituting  the  iuquirj-  is  required  to  pay  the  cost  of 
commitment  for  indigent  insane  persons. 

According  to  the  laws  of  Nevada,  all  costs  of  com- 
mitment for  indigent  persons,  including  transporta- 
tion, are  a  charge  upon  the  state. 

Where  an  insane  person  is  not  found  to  have  anj' 
legal  settlement  in  the  state  but  is  eligible  for  com- 
mitment, some  laws  make  the  state  chargeable  with 
the  cost  of  commitment.  In  certain  states  where  the 
county  is  chargeable  with  the  cost  of  tlie  actual  com- 
mitment proceedings,  the  state  must  pay  the  cost 
of  conveying  the  insane  person  to  the  state  hospital. 

In  Alabama,  New  Jersey,  South  Dakota,  and  Ten- 
nessee, practicall}'^  the  only  provisions  concerning 
cost  of  commitment  relate  to  the  cost  of  conveying 

'  The  costs  of  proceedinfjs  for  commitment  by  a  superior  court 
judge,  however,  are  taxed  at  his  discretion,  and  the  cost  of  com- 
mitjnent  of  certain  soldiers,  sailors,  and  marines  is  paid  by  tlie  state. 


the  insane  person  to  the  hospital.  For  an  indigent 
patient  in  Alabama  the  county  of  lesidence  must 
pay  such  expenses.  In  New  Jersey  the  trustee, 
guardian,  or  relative  liable  for  the  support  of  the  insane 
person  must  pay  for  his  transportation  to  the  hospital. 
The  state  pays  this  expense  in  Kentucky  and  South 
Dakota.  For  nonpaying  patients  in  Tennessee  the 
county  to  which  the  patient  belongs  pays  the  cost  of 
transportation  to  the  hospital;  no  provision  regarding 
judicial  pi-oceedings  for  the  commitment  of  paying 
patients  exists  in  Tennessee. 

No  special  provisions  in  regard  to  cost  of  commit- 
ment are  made  in  Maiyland,  New  Hampshue,  North 
Dakota,  and  Oklahoma,  but  it  is  probable  that  these 
charges  are  paid  in  the  same  manner  as  court  charges 
generally. 

Conveying  patients  to  the  hospital. — According  to  the 
laws  of  Arkansas,  Indiana,  New  Jersey,  Ohio,  and 
Wisconsin  no  female  insane  person  (in  Wisconsin  no 
female  over  10  years  of  age)  may  be  conveyed  to  the 
hospital  to  which  she  is  committed  unless  accompanied 
by  at  least  one  female  attendant.  vSuch  a  provision 
existed  also  in  Oregon  until  repealed  in  1911,  the 
choice  of  the  attendant  who  is  to  be  sent  to  bring 
the  patient  to  the  asylum  being  now  left  to  the 
superintendent  without  restriction.  In  Colorado, 
Cormecticut,  Illinois,  Maine  (by  an  act  of  1911), 
Maryland  (by  an  act  of  1910),  Massachusetts,  Michi- 
gan, New  York,  and  Pennsylvania,'  the  laws  re- 
quire that  such  a  person  must  be  accompanied  by 
some  other  female  or  by  some  member  of  her  family; 
while  in  California,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Minnesota,  Ne- 
braska, North  Dakota,  Oklahoma,  and  Utah  any 
relative  of  the  patient  may  serve  as  a  substitute  for 
the  female  otherwise  required  to  accompany  her, 
although  in  ^Minnesota  the  law  specifies  that  the  sub- 
stitute must  be  a  near  relative. 

In  most  of  the  remaining  states  the  procedure  pre- 
scribed for  commitment  includes  a  provision  that  the 
court  direct  the  superintendent  to  send  an  attendant 
to  bring  the  patient  to  the  hospital,  the  superintendent 
thus  being  allowed  to  follow  his  own  judgment  in  the 
matter. 

PAROLE    OF    PATIENTS. 

Li  a  large  number  of  states,  namely,  Alabama, 
Arizona,  Arkansas  (by  a  law  of  1913),  California, 
Colorado,  Connecticut,  Illinois,  Kansas,  Kentucky, 
Maine,  Maryland  (by  a  law  of  1910),  Massachusetts, 
Minnesota,  Missouri,  New  Hampshire,  Now  York, 
North  CaroUna,  Oliio,  Rhode  Island,  South  Carolina, 
Tennessee,  Vermont,  Virginia,  and  Wisconsin,  the  laws 
contain  provisions  for  the  parole  of  insane  patients 
luider  various  headings,  such  as  furlough,  conditional 
discharge  subject  to  revocation,  parole,  etc.  The  pro- 
visions noted  iji  Tennessee  apply  only  to  inmates  of 
private  institutions. 

'  The  provision  noted  applies  only  to  indigent  females. 


84 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


The  provisions  for  parole  apply  usually  to  persons 
judged  harmless  b}'  either  the  superintendent  or  the 
iioard  controlling  the  hospital,  the  power  of  paroling 
patients  in  practically  all  of  the  states  named  being 
vested  in  the  superintendent  or  the  board,  or  in  both. 
In  New  Hampshire  the  superior  court  or  any  justice 
thereof  may  parole  any  pei-son  committed  to  the  state 
liospital,  and  the  court  or  justice  may  at  any  time  there- 
after revoke  such  parole  and  order  the  person  returned 
to  the  state  hospital  under  the  original  commitment. 

In  Michigan  pay  patients  maj^  be  paroled  for  not 
more  than  30  days  under  conditions  prescribed  by  the 
board  of  trustees,  and  patients  discharged  by  the  su- 
perintendent may,  ^nth  his  approval,  be  readmitted 
at  any  time  within  6  months  without  a  new  order  of 
commitment.  The  maximum  period  for  which  pa- 
tients may  be  paroled  varies  from  30  days  in  CaU- 
fornia,  Marylajid  (by  an  act  of  1910),  North  Carolina, 
Tennessee,  and  Vermont,  to  3  months  in  Illinois,  Ohio, 
and  South  Carolina  (90  days  in  Ohio) ;  6  montlis  in 
Alabama,  Arkansas  (unless  extended  for  another  6 
months),  Connecticut,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Minne- 
sota, New  York,  and  Rhode  Island;  and  2  j-ears  in 
Wisconsin.  In  Arizona,  Colorado,  Kansas,  Kentucty, 
Missouri,  New  Hampshire,  and  Virginia,  the  period  is 
indeterminate,  or  at  the  discretion  of  the  authority 
granting  the  parole.. 

According  to  the  laws  of  Alabama,  Uliuois,  Maine, 
Maryland,  Massachusetts,  South  Carolina,  and  Ten- 
nessee, if  the  paroled  patient  is  not  returned  to  the 
hospital  within  the  maximum  period  allowed  for 
parole  he   must   be  considered   discharged.     In   the 


other  states   the  order  of  commitment  presumably 
remains  in  force  until  he  is  legally  discharged. 

DISCHARGE. 

In  a  large  number  of  states  the  superintendent  has 
authority  to  discharge  patients  who  have  recovered 
their  sanity,  subject  to  the  rules  of  the  board  con- 
trollmg  the  institution;  but  in  some  states,  as  in 
Ohio  and  Texas,  he  must  have  the  approval  of  the 
board  controlling  the  hospital  or  one  or  more  members 
of  this  board,  and  in  some  he  may  merely  file  a  certifi- 
cate with  the  controlling  board.  In  Colorado  the  super- 
intendent must  notify  the  judge  of  the  county  court  by 
which  the  person  was  adjudged  insane,  and  in  Arkan- 
sas he  must  notify  the  county  and  probate  judge  of  the 
county  from  which  the  person  was  committed. 

In  several  states  the  superintendent  may  arrange 
for  the  discharge  of  persons  not  completely  recovered, 
who  are  harmless  and  may  safely  be  cared  for  in 
homes  or  by  the  counties,  to  make  room  for  more 
urgent  cases.  The  parole  of  a  patient,  as  has  been 
indicated,  may  result  in  his  discharge  automatically. 

The  laws  of  Connecticut  provide  that  upon  proper 
apphcation  and  proof  that  a  pei-son  committed  by  a 
probate  court  has  been  restored  to  reason,  such  court 
may  order  his  discharge.  In  New  Hampshire  any  per- 
son committed  to  the  state  hospital  may  be  discharged 
by  any  three  trustees  (since  1913,  members  of  the  board 
of  control),  the  commission  of  lunacy,  or  a  justice  of 
the  supreme  court,  whenever  further  detention  in  a 
hospital  is  deemed  unnecessary. 

In  Table  7  information  is  given  regarding  appeals  for 
the  discharge  of  patients  claimed  to  be  sane. 


Table  7.— APPEAL  FOR  DISCHARGE  OF  PATIENT  CLAIMED  TO  BE  SANE. 


Colorado  1 

Connecticut".. 

Delaware  * 


Georgia'. 
Iowa 


Kansas 

Kentucky 

Massachusetts . 

Nebraska' 


New  Hampshire . 


Court  to  which  application 
is  made. 


County    court    of    comity 

where  person  is  confined. 

Any  judge  of  superior  court , 


Chancellor. 


Probate    judge   of  district 

court  of  county  in  which 

hospital  is  located. 
Judge  of  probate  court  of 

county  in  which  hospital 

is  located. 
County  or  circuit  court 


Justice  of  supreme  judicial 
court  in  any  county. 


Judge  of  district  court  of 
county  in  which  hospital 
is  located  or  of  count  y  in 
which  patient  has  his  le- 
gal settlement. 

Supremecourt  or  any  justice 
of  such  court. 


.\uthority  determining  ques- 
tion of  sanity. 


Two  physicians  appointed  by 
court  .'- 

Commission  of  2  or  more  per- 
sons appointed  by  judge  at 
his  discretion. 

Jury  summoned  by  sheriff 
upon  order  of  chancellor. 


Judge,  upon  report  of  commis- 
sion fi  appointed  by  him  and 
other  testimony. 

Court,  after  inquiry.' 


Jury  ordered  by  court  to  in- 
quire into  case  in  open  coiut. 

Jury,  if  ordered  by  judge  or 
requested  by  any  person  ap- 
pearing in  "case;  otherwise 
justice. 

Judge,  upon  report  of  commis- 
sion of  not  more  than  3  per- 
sons B  appointed  by  him,  ac- 
companied by  statement  of  | 
superintendent  of  hospital. 

Coin"t  or  justice,  after  investiga- 
tion. 


STATE. 


North  Dakota ' 

Oklahoma ' 

Rhode  Island.. 
South  Dakota'. 

Utah 

Wisconsin" 


Court  to  which  application 
is  made. 


County  judge  of  county  in 
which  hospital  is  located 
or  of  county  in  which  pa- 
tient has  his  residence. 

Coimty  judge  of  coimty  in 
which  hospital  is  located 
or  of  county  in  which  pa- 
tient has  his  legal  settle- 
ment. 

Justice  of  supreme  court 


County  judge  of  coimty  in 
which  hospital  is  located 
or  of  coimt.v  in  which  pa- 
tient has  his  residence. 

Board  of  Insanity,  which 
must  ask  inquiry  by  dis- 
trict judge  of  district  in 
which  hospital  is  located. 

Judge  of  any  court  of  record 
of  county  in  which  person 
resides  or  of  coimty  in 
which  he  was  adjudged 
insane. 


.\uthorlty  determining  ques- 
tion of  sanity. 


Judge,  upon  report  of  commis- 
sion of  not  more  than  3  per- 
sons 8  appointed  by  him, 
signed  by  superintendent  of 
hospital.' 

Judge,  upon  report  of  commis- 
sion of  not  more  than  3  per- 
sons 8  appointed  by  him, 
signed  by  superintendent  of 
hospital. 

Justice,  after  receiving  report  of 
commission  issued  by  him._ 

Jndee,  upon  report  of  commis- 
sion of  not  more  than  3  per- 
sons 8  appointed  by  him, 
signed  by  superintendent  of 
hospital. 

District  judge  (see  preceding 
column). 


Jury,  if  demanded:  otherwise 
judge,  upon  report  of  2  physi- 
cians appointed  by  him  and 
other  testimony. 


1  Provisions  apply  to  all  persons  confined  as  insane,  except  those  in  state  insane  asylum. 
'  Not  more  than  one  of  I'  e^e  may  be  olhcially  connected  with  institution  where  patient  is  confined. 

3  ProvL^ions  relate  to  persons  alleged  to  be  imjustly  detained  in  any  insane  asylum  or  in  custody  or  control  of  individuals  under  order  of  probate  court.  Appointment 
of  commission  is  not  mandatory.    Commission  may  not  be  repeated  within  six  months. 

*  Sworn  petition  must  be  presented  by  person  committed  to  state  hospital,  anyone  related  to  him  within  third  de?ree  of  consanguinity,  or  any  other  three  persons. 

5  Trial  by  jury  may  be  had  by  all  patients  convicted  of  lunacy,  if  a  relative  or  friend  makes  aflSdavit  that  he  believes  cause  of  commitment  has  ceased  to  exist  and 
snperint€ndc"nt  refuses  to  discharge  p.itient  after  demand  is  made. 

*  Inquir>' may  not  be  had  withm  si.x  months  of  admission  of  patient  and  may  not  be  repeated  within  six  months. 

'  Commission  may  be  appointed  only  in  case  of  person  who  has  been  a  patient  in  the  hospital  at  least  six  months  and  may  not  be  repeated  within  six  months. 

fl  One  must  be  a  physician,  and  if  two  or  more  are  appointed,  one  must  be  a  lawyer.  ,  ■     j    , 

>  According  to  an  amendment  of  1913,  county  judge,  after  receiving  report  of  commissioners  and  before  finding  person  sane,  must  notify  nearest  relative  or  friend  ol 
patient,  together  with  all  persons  who  testified  at  hearing  at  which  patient  was  found  insane,  to  appear  before  him  within  five  days  of  the  mailing  ol  the  notice  and 
give  testimony. 

*•  Provisions  relate  to  persons  adjudged  insane  by  any  court  or  authorized  officer  and  persons  restrained  of  liberty  because  of  alleged  msanity . 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


85 


In  Connecticut,  Kentucky,  Massachusetts,  and  Wis- 
consin the.  provisions  are  of  general  apphcation,  and 
in  Iowa,  Nebraska,  iSTorth  Dakota,  Oklahoma,  Rhode 
Island,  and  South  Dakota  they  apply  to  patients  in 
any  hospital,  but  in  Colorado  patients  in  the  state 
hospitals  are  expressly  excluded  from  the  apphcation  of 
the  provisions  noted.  For  the  other  states  the  sections 
summarized  apply  only  to  inmates  of  state  hospitals. 

In  California  an  insane  patient  having  no  guardian 
who  is  absent  on  leave  granted  by  the  medical  super- 
intendent of  a  state  hospital  or  anyone  in  his  behalf, 


if  refused  a  certificate  of  recoveiy  b}"  the  superintend- 
ent, may  apply  for  a  hearing  to  a  judge  of  the  suj)erior 
court  of  the  county  where  the  pereon  resides. 

Provisions  regarding  appeals  for  tlie  discharge  of  a 
patient  who  has  not  recovered  are  summarized  in 
Table  .S.  In  Connecticut  and  the  District  of  Columbia 
the  provisions  are  of  general  apphcation,  but  in  Massa- 
chusetts they  are  restricted  to  persons  not  committed 
by  the  courts,  in  Pennsylvania  to  pei-sons  legally  com- 
mitted to  any  hospital,  and  in  the  oihe.v  states  to 
inmates  of  the  state  hospitals. 


Table  8.— APPEAL  FOR   DISCHARGE  OF  PATIENT  WHO  HAS  NOT  RECOVERED. 


Authority  to  which  appli- 
cation is  made. 


Procedure. 


Authority- to  which  appli- 
cation is  made.  ' 


Procedure. 


Califomia. 


Comiectlcut ' 


District   of  Colum- 
bia. 


Maine" 

Massachusetts'. 


.[Vny  superior  court  judge  of 
county  in  which  hospital 
is  located. 


Anj' judge  of  superior  court . 


Any  judge  ot  supremo  court 
of  District  of  Columbia. 


Municipal  oflicers  of  pa- 
tipnt's  town. 

Probate  judge  (for  county 
in  which  institution  is 
located  or  county  in  which 
inmate  has  his  residence) 
or  a  justice  of  supreme 
judicial  coiu-l. 


Judge,  after  giving  superin- 
tendent a  hearing,  may  order 
discharge  upon  security  for 
patient's  good  behavior  and 
maintenance. 

Commission  of  2  or  more  per- 
sons  may  be  appointed  by 
judge;  if,  in  their  opinion, 
patient  is  illegally  detained 
or  his  confinement  is  no 
longer  advisable,  judge  must 
order  his  discharge. 

Judge  may  deliver  person  to 
party  givmg  bond  for  his  re- 
straint and  care  until  his  re- 
covery. 

Municipal  officers  may  t^use 
relefu.e  of  patient. 

Judge  or  justice,  after  due  no- 
tice to  superintendent  or 
trustees  of'  institution  or 
Stale  Board  of  Insanity,  may 
ilischarge  patient,  if  it  ap- 
pears tJiat  he  will  be  properly 
cared  for  or  that  his  detention 
is  no  longer  necess-iry  for  his 
own  welfare  or  safety  of  pub- 
lie.  If  guardian  or  any  rela- 
tive opposes  discbarge  it  may 
not  be  made  without  written 
notice  to  person  opposing  it. 


Michigan. . 


Nebraska. 


New  York-, 


North  Dakota. . 


Probate    court    of   county  j 
from  which  patient  was 
admitted  into  asylum.        ! 


Commissioners  of  insanity 
of  county  where  patieiit 
belongs. 

.\ny  judge  of  court  of  record 
in  district  in  which  hos- 
pital is  located. 


'  Conmiissioners  of  insanity 
j  of  coimty  where  palieru 
j      belongs. 


Pennsylvania  *. 
South  Dakota  . 

rtah 


Any  law  judge . 


Commissioners  of  iiLsanity  of 
county  w-here  patient  "be- 
longs. 

Judge  of  district  court  Issu- 
ing commitment. 


Probate  court,  after  giving 
superintendent  a  hearing, 
may  order  discharge  upon 
security  for  patient's  good 
behavior  and  maintenance. 

On  making  provision  for  care 
of  patient  within  county, 
commissioners  of  insanity 
may  autiiorize  his  discharge. 

Judge,  after  givinj?  superm- 
tendent  a  hearing,  may  order 
discharge  upon  security  for 
patient's  good  behavior  and 
maintenance. 

On  making  i)rovision  for  care  of 
patient  within  county,  com- 
missioners of  in.sanity  may 
authorize  his  discharge. 

Judge  must  make  suitable 
inquisition  and  act  in  his 
discretion. 

On  making  provision  for  care 
of  patient  within  county, 
commissioners  of  insanity 
may  authorize  his  discharge. 

Judge  may  direct  delivery  of 
patient  to  applicant  upon 
security  for  patient's  proper 
care  and  custody  and  obedi- 
ence to  orders  of  judge. 


1  Provisions  relate  to  persons  alleged  to  be  unjustly  detained  in  any  insane  asylum  or  in  custody  or  control  of  in'lividuals  under  order  of  probate  court.  Commission 
may  not  be  repeated  within  si::  months. 

2  Provisions  apply  to  applications  by  persons  liable  for  the  support  of  a  patient  who  had  been  in  cither  state  hospital  for  six  months  and  who  has  not  been  committed 
by  the  supreme  court  and  is  not  afflicted  with  homicidal  insanity.    If  application  is  unsuccessful,  it  may  not  be  renewed  within  si,x  months. 

»  Provisions  do  not  apply  to  persons  committed  by  courts.  No  unrecovered  person  known  to  have  committed  violence  or  attempted  violence  to  others  may  be 
discharged  without  approval  of  State  Board  of  Insanity. " 

*  Applicant  must  state  that  patient  in  hospital  is  losing  his  bodily  he-^Ith  and  that  his  welfare  would  be  promoted  by  discharge  or  that  his  menial  disorder  has  so 
Ifcr  changed  its  character  as  to  render  further  confinement  imnecessary. 


Habeas  corpus  proceedings. — In  the  laws  of  a  number 
of  states  it  is  specifically  provided  that  persons  con- 
fined as  insane  (in  some  states  the  law  apphes  only  to 
pei-sons  confined  in  hospitals  or  to  those  in  state  hos- 
pitals) are  entitled  to  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus. 

The  authority  to  whom  apphcation  for  a  writ  of 
habeas  corpus  is  to  be  made  is  in  California  the  supe- 
rior judge  of  the  county  in  which  the  hospital  is 
located;  in  Massachusetts,  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
judicial  court;  in  Michigan,  the  circuit  court  of  the 
county  in  which  the  asylum  is  situated;  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, any  law  judge;  and  in  Washington,  the  supreme 
court  or  sujierior  court  or  any  judge  of  either  court. 

In  Nebraska  thti  clerk  of  the  court  which  ordered  the 
commitment  must  be  given  notice  of  the  hearing, 
and  if  the  person  committed  is  not  restored  to  reason, 
but  the  commitment  j)roceedings  were  irregular,  the 
latter  may  be  returned  to  the  county  from  which  he 
was  commit  t(>d  to  be  proceeded  with  according  to  law. 

The  states  having  specific  provisions  concerning 
habeas  corpus  proceedings  in  the  case  of  persons  con- 


fined as  insane  are  as  follows:  Alabama,  California, 
Connecticut,  District  of  Columbia,  Illinois,  Indiana, 
Iowa,  Maine,  Maryland,  Massachusetts,  Michigan, 
Nebraska,  New  Jersey,  New  York,  North  Dakota, 
Ohio,  Oklahoma,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  South 
Dakota,  Virginia,  Washington,  and  Wisconsin. 

Removal  of  patients  to  homes. — The  an-angements  to 
be  made  for  the  removal  of  discharged  patients  to 
their  homes  or  the  county  or  town  from  which  they 
came  are  prescribed  in  the  laws  of  some  states,  while 
in  the  othere  they  are  probably  fixi^d  by  the  board  in 
control  of  the  institution.  In  Alabama  the  probate 
judge,  and  in  Arkansas  the  county  and  j)robate  judge, 
of  the  county  from  which  the  j)atient  came,  must, 
when  notified,  arrange  for  the  return  of  the  patient. 
In  CaUfornia  a  discharged  j)atieut  must  be  returned  to 
the  county  from  which  he  was  committed  at  its  ex- 
pense, and  in  Washington  an  indigent  discharged 
patient  may  be  so  returned.  In  Wyoming  patients 
are  returned  at  state  expense  to  the  county  from 
which  thev  were  committed.     In  Maine  the  overseers 


86 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


of  the  poor  of  the  town  liable  for  the  commitment 
expenses  of  the  patient  arrange  for  his  removal  to 
the  town.  Before  a  patient  is  discharged  in  ^Michigan 
notice  must  be  given  to  his  friends  or  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  poor  of  the  county  from  which  he  came. 
In  Massachusetts  inquiry  must  be  made  into  the  future 
situation  of  every  discharged  patient. 

The  statutes  of  19  states  contain  sections  providing 
that  a  patient  discharged  as  cured  must  be  furnished 
with  suitable  clothing  and  money  (in  some  cases 
limited  to  a  specified  maximum  amount)  for  necessary 
travehng  expenses,  these  states  being  Arizona,  CaUfor- 
nia,  Colorado,  Geoi-gia,  Ilhnois,  Iowa,  Kentucky,  Mas- 
sachusetts, Michigan,  Montana,  Nebraska,  New  Jer- 
sey, North  Dakota,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  South  Dakota, 


Texas,  Washington,  and  Wisconsin.  Minnesota,  Vir- 
ginia, and  West  Virginia  Ukewise  have  provisions  re- 
garding the  payment  of  expenses.  In  some  of  these 
states  the  provision  is  specifically  restricted  to  indi- 
gent persons  or  paupers  or  public  patients,  and  it  is 
probable  that  such  expense  is  always  a  charge  against 
the  patient  or  the  responsible  relatives,  if  these  are 
able  to  pay. 

COST    OF    MAINTENANCE    OF    PATIENTS    IN    STATE 
HOSPITALS. 

In  Table  9  is  a  statement  of  the  poUtical  divisions 
or  persons  paying  the  cost  of  maintenance  of  insane 
patients  regularly  committed  to  the  state  hospital — 
that  is,  committed  according  to  the  procedure  shown 
in  Table  .5. 


Table  9.— COST   OF  MAINTENANCE  OF  PATIENTS  IN  STATE  HOSPITALS. 

(This  table  applies  only  to  persona  admitted  according  to  the  provisions  summarized  in  Table  5.    It  does  not  cover  pay  patients  admitted  by  arrangement  with  guardian, 

relatives,  or  friends  cr  upon  voluntary  commitment,  nor  the  criminal  insane.] 


Alabama 

Arizona 

Arkansas 

CallXomia 

Colorado 

Connectioat 

Delaware 

Dist.  Columbia « 

Florida 

Georgia 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland* 

Massachusetts. . . 
Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 


POLITICAI.  DIVISIONS  OB  PEK30N3  PAYINO  THE  COST  OF 
MAINTENANCE  OF  INSANE  PATIENTS  REGULAKLY  COM- 
MITTED TO  STATE  HOSPITALS. 


Paying  expenses  not 
paid  by  individuals.' 


State.. 


State.. 


state., 
state.. 


State.. 


Town  of  legal  residence 
parti  and  state  the  re- 
mainder; II  no  legal 
residence  in  any  town, 
state. 

State 

The  Dbtrict  one-half; 
United  States  the  re- 
mainder. 

State 

State* 

State 

state 


State 

County  of  legal  resi- 
dence; If  no  legal  resi- 
dence in  any  county, 
state. 

state 


State.. 


State- 
State.. 


County  of  legal  residence 
(or  city  of  Baltimore) 
part  and  state  the  re- 
mainder. 

state 


State;   county   of  legal 
residence  for  first  year. 


State., 
state.. 


Individuals  paying  when  able. 


Patient  or 
support, 
friends  if 

Patient,  or 
Ing. 

Patient. 

Patient  or, 
support. 

Patient  or 
support. 

Patient  or 
support^, 
friends  if 


Patient. 
Patient. 


relatives  liable  for  his 
or   other   relatives   or 
they  are  willing, 
friends  if  they  are  will- 


relatives  liable  for  his 

relatives  liable  for  his 

relatives  liable  for  his 
or  other  relatives  or 
they  are  willing. 


Patient. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support^  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willing. 

Patient. 

l^atient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willing. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willing. 


Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  it  they  are  willing. 


Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willing. 


Patient. 


Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire 
New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina. . 
North  Dakota. . . 

Ohio 

Oldahoma 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania... 

Rhode  Island'.. 
South  Carolina.. 

South  Dakota. . . 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Washington 

West  Virginia. . . 

Wisconsin 

Wyoming 


POLITICAL  DIVISIONS  OB  PERSONS  PATINO  THE  COST  OF 
MAINTENANCE  OF  INSANE  PATIENTS  REQULARLY  COM- 
MITTED TO  STATE  HOSPITALS. 


Paying  expenses  not 
paid  by  individuals.' 


County 

State 

County  of  legal  residence 
if  any  found;  other- 
wise state.. 

State 


State 

County  of  legal  residence 
one-half  and  state 
the  remainder;  If  no 
legal  residence  in  any 
county,  state. 

State 

State 


State.... 
County. 

State.... 
State  . . . 
State . . . 


County  from  whicli  com- 
mitted part  and  state 
the  remainder. 

State 


State.. 


County.. 
State*... 
State.... 


State.. 

State.. 

State.. 
State.. 
State. . 


County  of  residence  part 
and  state  the  remain- 
der. 

State 


Individuals  paying  when  able. 


Patient. 

Patient,  or  relatives  or  friends  it 
they  are  willing. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 
Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 
Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 


Patient. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willing. 

Patient. 

Patient,  or  relatives  or  friends  If 
they  are  willing. 

(«) 


Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 
Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  it  they  are  willing. 

Patient. 


Patient  or  relatives  liable  lor  his 

support. 
Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 
Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 

support. 


Patient  or  relatives  liable  fjr  his 
support. 

Patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his 
support,  or  other  relatives  or 
friends  if  they  are  willine. 

Patient,  or  friends  if  they  are  will- 
ing. 


1  An  indigent  patient  able  to  pay  part  of  his  expenses  is  usually  required  to  do  so.  Where  two  poUtical  divisions  share  the  expenses  of  dependent  patients,  the 
amount  so  paid  by  a  patient  is  usually  credited  to  the  lesser  subdivision. 

2  Person  makhig  application  tor  commitment  of  an  indigent  person  pays  part  of  his  expenses,  state  paying  remainder.  State  pays  all  expenses  for  certain  soldiers, 
sailors,  and  marines. 

8  Provisions  relate  to  resiuents  of  the  District  of  Columbia.    Other  patients  are  supported  directly  by  the  Federal  Government  or  by  their  pensions. 

*  The  code  of  1911  contains  provisions  indicating  that  when  able  the  patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his  support  must  pay  the  cost  of  maintenance,  although  these  would 
appear  to  have  been  repealed  by  a  law  of  1877  stating  that  the  sanitarium  is  free  to  all  insane  residents  of  the  state. 

6  Persons  able  to  pay  entire  cost  of  maintenance  in  hospital  or  having  relatives  or  others  liable  for  their  support  who  arc  able  to  do  so,  are  committed  only  as  pay  patients 
(see  p.  77).  Indigent  patients  able  to  pay  pirt  of  their  e'q>enses,  provided  they  have  no  relatives  or  others  legally  chargeable  with  their  support  who  are  able  to  pay  the 
rates  charged  for  private  patients  in  any  instil  ution  for  the  insane  m  the  state,  may  be  committed  as  reimbursing  patients,  the  amount  paid  by  the  patient  being  paid  to 
the  county  -According  to  a  section  enacted  m  1904  and  amended  in  1908,  which  provides  for  the  ultimate  removal  of  all  insane  persons  from  county  and  municipal  insti- 
tutions to  tlie  state  bospitabi,  persons  thus  removed  are  to  be  supported  by  the  state  after  Jan.  1, 1911. 

»  According  to  a  law  ot  1910  the  patient  or  relatives  liable  for  his  support  must  meet  his  expenses  if  able. 

'  The  information  given  in  the  table  is  taken  from  a  section  of  the  General  Statutes  of  1909,  which  states  that  no  town  is  liable  for  any  portion  of  the  cost  of  matatenance 
of  an  indigent  insane  person  at  the  state  hospital  for  the  insane.  Another  section  of  the  General  Statutes,  however,  states  that  the  town  of  settlement  of  such  a  person  is 
liable  for  his  maintenance  in  the  state  hospital.  «     j  ,.    ,  t.     .  j- 

»  Provided  number  ot  patients  supported  by  state  from  any  county  relatively  to  the  population  ot  the  county  does  not  exceed  a  ratio  fixed  by  law.  For  mdigent  patients 
sent  to  the  hospital  from  any  county  in  excess  of  its  legal  quota,  the  county  pays  the  cost  of  maintenance. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


87 


The  table  does  not  cover  provisions  for  private 
pay  patients  who  may  be  admitted  by  special  agree- 
ment with  the  authorities  controUing  the  hospital 
(see  p.  77).  Where  the  county  hable  for  the  cost  of 
maintenance  is  the  county  of  legal  residence  or  the 
county  of  legal  settlement,  the  laws  do  not  always 
make  the  distinction  clearly;  but  in  cases  where  the 
coTmty  of  residence  is  specified  it  is  probable  that  this 
county  could  collect  from  the  coimty  of  legal  settle- 
ment— that  is,  the  county  liable  under  the  poor  laws. 
In  some  cases  it  is  possible  that  the  state  or  county 
may  collect  from  relatives  Hable  under  the  poor  laws 
even  though  the  law  relative  to  the  state  hospital 
mentions  only  the  liability  of  the  patient. 

In  about  three-fourths  of  the  states  the  state  is 
responsible  for  the  cost  of  maintaining  dependent 
patients  at  the  state  hospital.  The  state  pays  part  of 
such  cost  in  Connecticut,  Maryland,  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
sylvania, and  Wisconsin,  the  remainder  being  charge- 
able to  the  county  from  which  the  person  is  committed 
in  Pennsylvania,  to  the  town  of  residence  in  Connecti- 
cut, and  to  the  county  of  residence  in  the  other  states 
named.  Unless  otherwise  specified  in  the  table,  the 
coimty  hable  for  the  cost  of  maintenance  of  insane 
persons  is  the  count)^  of  residence  or  the  county  of  legal 
settlement.  In  Iowa,  Missouri,  Nebraska,  North  Da- 
kota, and  South  Dakota  the  expenses  of  poor  and  indi- 
gent patients  in  the  state  hospital  are  chargeable  to  the 
county  of  residence  or  the  county  of  legal  settlement 
of  the  insane  person.  The  District  of  Columbia  pays 
one-half  of  the  expenses  of  its  indigent  insane  patients 
in  the  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane  and  the  Fed- 
eral Government  the  remainder. 


Pro^nsions  regarding  the  length  of  residence  which 
entitles  a  person  to  rehef  as  a  pauper  are  shown  in 
a  "Summary  of  State  Laws  relating  to  the  Dependent 
Classes,"  pubhshed  by  the  Bureau  of  the  Census,  but 
are  too  comphcated  for  treatment  in  this  connection. 

POSTAL    EEGtTLATIONS    FOB    THE    PKOTECTION    OF 
INMATES. 

The  statutes  of  several  states  contain  special  regu- 
lations concerning  the  postal  rights  and  privileges  of 
inmates  of  the  insane  asylums.  These  regulations 
vary  from  rules  that  no  censorship  whatever  may  be 
exercised,  as  in  Nebraska,  to  provisions  that  allow 
each  patient  to  choose  a  correspondent  with  whom  he 
may  commimicate  without  any  censorship  of  letters 
written  or  received  by  him,  as  in  Arkansas.  Other 
states  provide  that  any  inmate  may  correspond  freely 
with  any  member  of  the  controlling  board  of  the  insti- 
tution. In  Washington  the  .superintendent  of  each  of 
the  state  hospitals  is  required  by  law  to  inspect  all 
letters  of  inmates,  but  must  submit  to  the  board  of 
control  any  letters  written  by  inmates  that  he  does 
not  cause  to  be  mailed.  Statutory  provisions  regard- 
ing the  postal  privileges  of  inmates  of  state  insane 
hospitals  exist  in  Arkansas,  Connecticut,  Florida,  Illi- 
nois, Iowa,  Kansas,  Louisiana,  Maine,  Maryland, 
Minnesota,  Montana,  Nebraska,  New  Hampshire, 
North  Dakota,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  South 
Dakota,  Washington,  and  Wisconsin.  In  Georgia 
there  are  provisions  which  apply  to  inmates  of  private 
insane  asylums  only. 


THE  CRIMINAL  INSANE. 


The  statutory  provisions  of  the  different  states  re- 
garding the  treatment  of  the  criminal  insane  are  given 
in  the  following  tables.  Tables  10  to  13  show  provi- 
sions relating  to  cases  where  the  question  of  insanity 
comes  up  in  regard  to  persons  who  have  not  been  con- 
victed, or,  if  convicted,  havenotbeensentenced,  whereas 
Tables  14  and  15  show  provisions  regarding  sentenced 
prisoners.  The  extent  to  which  the  method  of  treat- 
ment of  the  question  of  insanity  in  connection  with 
criminal  charges  and  the  procedure  in  the  case  of 
sentenced  prisoners  who  become  insane  are  covered  by 
statutory  law  varies  greatly  in  the  different  states. 

PERSONS    CHAKGED    WITH    CRIME. 

In  Table  10  a  summary  is  given  cf  the  procedure 
when  persons  charged  with  crime,  undergoing  trial, 
or  in  confinement  under  other  legal  process,  as  well  as 
persons  convicted  but  not  sentenced,  appear  insane,  or 
plead  insanity;  except  that  provisions  regarding  the 
plea  of  insanity  are  given  in  Table  1 1  and  those  regard- 
ing the  verdict  and  subsequent  proceedings  in  the 
case  of  persons  acquitted  are  summari::ed  in  Table  12. 

The  methods  of  procedure  when  the  plea  of  insanity 
is  made  at  the  beginning  of  a  trial  differ.     In  some 


states  the  trial  is  suspended  until  the  question  of 
insanity  is  determined,  while  in  others  the  trial  takes 
its  regular  course  and  the  jury  takes  account  of  the 
plea  of  insanity  in  rendering  its  verdict. 

In  Maine  and  New  Hampshire,  when  the  plea  of 
insanity  is  made,  the  justice  of  the  court  before  which 
the  person  is  to  be  tried  may  order  the  accused  com- 
mitted to  the  custody  of  the  superintendent  of  a  state 
hospital  for  observation. 

In  New  York,  when  the  plea  of  insanity  is  raised,  the 
court  in  which  the  indictment  is  pending,  instead  of 
proceeding  with  the  trial  of  the  indictment,  may 
appoint  a  commission  to  examine  and  report  to  the 
court  as  to  the  person's  sanity  at  the  time  of  the  com- 
mission of  the  crime;  and  if  the  commission  finds  tlie 
defendant  insane,  the  trial  must  be  suspended  until  he 
becomes  sane. 

Provisions  are  made  in  most  states  for  cases  in 
which  doubt  as  to  the  insanity  of  the  defendant  arises 
before  or  during  the  trial  or  after  conviction.  In  such 
cases,  if  the  defendant  is  found  to  be  insane  at  that 
time,  he  is  usually  committed  to  a  hospital  to  remain 
until  his  recovery,  when  the  proceedings  must  be  re- 
sumed. 


88 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Tablf    10.— persons  charged  WITH  CRIME,  UNDERGOING  TRIAL,  CONVICTED  BUT  NOT  SENTENCED,  OR  IN 
lABLE    "'-^.J^fj^^gj^E^T  UNDER  OTHER  LEGAL  PROCESS,  ^\1£0  APPEAR  INSANE  OR  PLEAD  INSANITY. 


iFor  prooednre  after  acquittal  of  persons  pleading  insanity,  see  Table  12.    For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  92  and  93.} 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Alabama Persons  in  confinement  under  indict- 
ment for  felony  whose  SEinity  is 
doubted  by  trial  court. 


Persons  in  confinement  under  Indict- 
ment or  for  want  of  bail  for  good  be- 
havior, for  keeping  the  peace,  or  for  ap- 
ipearing  as  a  witness  or  in  consequence 
of  any  summiiry  conviction  or  by  an 
orderofanyjustice,  who  appear  insane. 
Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  action  is  called  for  trial,  during 
trial,  or  when  they  are  brought  up  for 
judgment  on  conviction. 


Persons  arraigned  for  felony  whose  £ 

ity  is  doubted  by  court. 


Persons  under  presentment  or  indict- 
ment on  criminal  charge  who  can  not 
be  tried  because  of  insanity. 


Persons  convicted  of  a  criminal  charge 
who  allege  insanity  as  causo  against 
judgment. 


California Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubti-d  at 

anytlmedurlngpendency  of  action  be- 
fore judgment  IS  pronounced. 


Colorado '  Persons  becoming  insan«  after  crime  or 

I      misdemeanor  but  before  sentence. 


Cfmnecticut Persons  committed  to  coimty  jail  on 

binding  over  process,  bench  warrant, 
or  appeal  who  appear  insane  at  time 
of  commitment  or  at  any  later  time 
before  trial. 


Delaware Prisoners  who  become  insane  after  con- 
viction of  capital  charge  but  before  sen- 
tence. 

District  of  (V)lurabia.  I  Persons  indicted  or  charged  by  an  infor- 
mation for  an  o£Eense  who  before  trial 
or  after  a  verdict  of  guilty  are  alleged 
to  be  insane. 


Ceorgia.. 


Idaho. 


Persons  pleading  insanity  at  time  of  tri.  J 


Persons  insane  at  time  of  trial. 


Illinois. 


Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  indictment  is  called  for  trial  or 
when  they  are  brought  up  for  jud;:- 
ment  nn  conviotion. 


Persons  who  become  Insane  a(lf»r  crime, 
but  before  sentence. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Trial  must  be  suspended  until  jury  (impaneled,  from  regular 
jurors  in  attendance  or  from  a  special  venire,  according  to 
discretion  of  court)  inquires  into  insanity.  If  accused  is 
found  insane,  he  must  be  committed  by  court  to  an  insane 
liospital. 

Jud^re  of  any  court  of  record  of  county  where  person  is  con- 
fined must  investigate,  calling  a  physician  and  other  credi- 
ble witnesses;  he  may  call  a  jury  if  he  deems  it  necessary. 
If  person  is  found  insane,  judge  may  discharge  him  Irom 
imprisonment  and  order  his  removal  to  hospital. 

Court  must  order  question  as  to  sanity  submitted  to  juir.  and 
trial  or  pronouncing  of  judgment  must  be  suspended  until 
question  is  decided  by  its  verdict.    Trial  jury  may  be  dis- 
charged or  retained  according  to  discretion  of  court  while 
issue  ofinsanity  is  pending.    Bothsidesare represented  by 
counsel.    Ifaccused  is  found  insane,trial  or  judgment  must 
be  suspended  and  court  must  order  that  he  be  committed 
by  sheriff  to  state  insane  asylum  and  that  upon  recoverj-  he 
be  redelivered  to  sheriff. 
Proceedings  trust  te  postponed  until  jury  has  been  impan- 
eled to  inquire  whether  defendant  is  msane.    If  jiu"y  so 
finds  him,  court  must  direct  that  he  be  kept  in  prison  or 
conveyed  by  sheriU  to  State  Hospital  for  Nervous  Diseases, 
to  remain  In  custody  until  his  recovery. 
Upon  presentation  of  certificate  from  judge  before  whom  trial 
IS  pending  stating  that  ]ierson  has  been  presented  or  in- 
dicted and  by  reason  ofinsanity  can  not  be  tried,  superin- 
tendent of  .State  Hospital  for   lNer\-ous   Diseases  must 
admit  accused  to  hospital  and  beep  him  there  until  his 
recovery. 
Court ,  If  of  opinion  l  hat  reasonable  grounds  exist  for  believ- 
ing person  isiasane,  mtist  summon  and  impanel  jiu-y  of  12 
qualified  Jurors  to  determine  question  ofinsanity.    If  jury 
finds  him  insane,  he  must  be  kept  in  confinement  in  the 
cotmty  jail  or  the  insane  asylum  until  sane. 
Court  must  order  question  as  to  sanit  y  submitted  to  jury ,  and 
trial  or  pronoiuicing  of  judgment  must  be  suspended  until 
question  is  determined  by  its  verdict.    Trialjury  may  be 
discharged  or  retained  at  discretion  of  court  during  pend- 
ency of  action.  Botli  side^  are  represented  bycotinsel.    If 
jury  finds  accused  insane,  trial  or  Judgment  must  be  sus- 
pended until  his  recovery  and  court  must  order  that  he  be 
committed  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  and  that  upon  re- 
covery hpi  be  redelivered  to  sherifi". 
Court  mustimpanel  jury  to  determine  whether  accused  Is  in- 
sane at  time  of  impaneling.    Notice  must  be  given  to  dis- 
trict attorney  or  other  otTicer  charged  by  law  to  prosecute 
offense.    Persons  charged  with  committing  a  high  crime  or 
misdemeanor  are  designated  by  law  as  patients  to  be  con- 
fined in  t  he  criminal  ward  of  the  state  Insane  asylum. 
Sheriff  of  county  in  which  jail  is  located  may  make  applies- 
lion  to  a  judge  of  superior  court,  who  after  hearirg  upon 
such  application  (previous  notice  having  been  given  to 
slate's  attorney  I  may  at  his  discretion  appoint  3  reputable 
physicians  to  examine  person  committed.    If  physicians 
find  person  insane,  sheriff  must,  upon  order  of  the  judge, 
transfer  him  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  for  confinement 
and  treatment  until  time  of  trial. 
Court  may  appoint  a  commission  comprising  at  least  2  prac- 
ticing physicians  to  report  on  raentalcondition  of  prisoner. 
If  found  insane,  he  must  be  remanded  to  custody  of  sheriff 
unt  il  f urt  her  order  of  court . 
When  before  trial  or  after  a  verdict  of  guilty  primafacieevi- 
dence  is  submitted  to  court  that  accused  is  then  insane, 
court  may  cause  jury  to  be  Impaneled  from  jurors  then  In 
attendance  on  court,  or  if  regular  jurors  have  been  dis- 
chaiged,  may  cause  jury  to  be  drawn  to  inquire  into  insan- 
ity of  accused  in  its  presence  and  under  its  direction.    If 
jury  finds  accused  insane,  court  may  certify  fact  to  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior,  who  may  order  person  confined  in  Gov- 
ernment Hospital  forthe  Insane.    Person  whose  sanity  is 
in  question  is  entitled  to  his  bill  of  exceptions  and  anappeal 
as  In  other  cases. 
Court  must  cause  Issue  on  plea  of  insanity  to  be  first  tried  by  a 
si^ecial  jury  and.  if  that  is  found  to  he'trae,  must  order  de- 
fendant delivered  to  superintendent  of  State  Sanitarium, 
to  remain  until  legally  discharged. 
Court  must  cause  issue  of  insanity  to  be  tried  by  Jury  and,  if 
defendant  is  found  insane,  must  order  him  delivered  to  su- 
perintendent of  State  Sanitarium,  to  remain  until  legally 
discharged. 
Court  must  order  question  of  insanity  submitted  to  a  jury.' 
and  trial  or  pronouncing  of  judgment  must  be  suspended 
until  determination  of  question.    Both  sides  must  he  rep- 
resented by  counsel.    If  jury  finds  person  insane,  trial  or 
iudgmentmnstbesuspende*^  until  hisrecovery.    If  person 
has  i^een  convicted,  he  must  be  committed  to  state  Insane 
asylum,  or  if  his  discharge  is  deemed  dangerous  by  court  he 
may  be  so  committed.    In  order  of  commitment  to  asylum 
court  must  direct  that  person  be  redelivered  to  sheriff  upon 
recovery. 
Court  must  impanel  jury  to  determinewhether  accused  is  in- 
saneat  timeof  impaneling. an<l  proceedings  against  accused 
must  1  e  suspended  during  continuance  of  insanity'.    In 
case  of  jiersons  under  indictment,  state's  attorney  in  charge 
of  case  mustnotifv  superinlenlent  of  hospital  to  which  ac- 
cused is sentof indictmentpending.    If superintendentdis- 
charges  accused  at  any  time  he  must  notify  state's  attorney 
and  give  reasons  for  discharge. 


Superintendent  of  hospital,  when  he  be- 
lieves sanity  restored,  must  notify  judge 
and  sheriff  of  trial  court,  whereupon  judge 
must  order  person  remanded  to  prison 
and  criminal  proceedings  must  be  re- 
sumed. 

If  judge  so  directed  in  order  of  transfer, 
superintendent  of  hospitr.1  must  inform 
judge  and  sheriff,  whereupon  person  must 
be  remanded  to  prison  and  criminal  pro- 
ceedings must  be  resumed  or  he  must  be 
discharged  otherwise. 

Superintendent  of  state  asylum  must  notify 
sheriff  and  district  attorney  of  county, 
(since  1912  county  attorney)  whereupon 
sheriff  must  bring  defendant  from  asylum 
and  place  him  in  proper  custody  until  ho 
is  brought  to  trial  or  judgment  or  is 
legally  discharged. 


If  confined  in  State  Hospital  for  Nervous 
Diseases, defendant  must, upon  demand. 
be  returned  to  sheriff  to  be  reconveyed 
by  him  to  count}'  jail. 

Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
sheriff  of  county  in  which  indictment  or 
presentment  is  pending,  who  must  take 
accused  from  hospital  and  hold  him  In 
custody  until  he  isadmltted  to  bail  or  Is 
otherwise  discharged  accordingto  law. 

When  court  believes  convicted  person  has 
become  sane,  judgment  must  be  pro- 
nounced. 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
sheriff  and  district  attorney  of  county. 
Sheriff  must  bring  defendant  from  staw 
hospital  and  place  him  in  proper  custody 
untilhoLsbrought  to  trial  or  judgment  or 
Is  legally  dischaiged. 


Sentence  must  be  pronounced  by  court  try- 
ing prisoner.  Recovery  may  be  deter- 
mmed  by  court  on  any  evidence  it  may 
choose  to  consider. 

When  person  confinedin  Government  Hos- 
pital for  the  Insane  who  is  charged  with 
crime  and  subject  to  be  tried  for  it  re- 
covers, superintendent  of  hospital  must 
notify  the  justice  holding  the  criminal 
court  and  deliver  accused  to  court  ac- 
cording to  its  proper  precept. 


(See  preceding  colnmn.) 


(See  j.recedinp  column.) 


If  person  was  committed  to  insane  asylum, 
superintendent  must  notify  sheriff  and 
prosecuting  attorney  of  county,  where- 
upon sheriff  must  'take  defendant  and 
place  him  in  proper  custody  until  he  is 
brought  to  trial  or  judgment  or  is  l^ally 
discharged. 


(See  preceding  colonm.) 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


89 


Table  10, 


PERSONS  CHARGED   WITH   CRIME,  UNDERGOING   TRIAL,   CONVICTED  BUT  NOT  SENTENCED    OR  IN 
i^INEMENT  UNDER  OTHER  LEGAL  PROCESS,  WHO  APPEAR  INSANE  OR  PLEAD  INSANITY— Contd. 


CONFINEMENT 


|For  procedure  after  acquittal  of  persons  pleading  insanity,  see  Table  12.    For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  92  and  93-1 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanitj*  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Indiana  - 


Iowa. 


Kwitucby  ' 


Louisiana  ^ . 
Maine 


Defendants  in  criminal  CAses  whose 
sanity  is  doubted  by  court  when  they 
appear  for  jtidgment. 


Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  they  appear  at  any  stage  of  trial 
of  a  criminalprosecution.^ 


Persons  sent  to  a  state  hospital  while 
under  indictment  for  crime.* 


Persons  appearing  for  trial  whose  sanity 
is  doubted  by  court. 


Persons  convicted  who  allege  insanity 
as  cause  against  judgment. 


Jury  of  12  qualified  persons  must  1  e  summoned  and  impan- 
eled as  directed  by  court  to  determine  question  of  insan- 
ity. Witnesses  may  be  examined.  If  jury  finds  accused 
insane,  .'ourtmnstordercoramitment  of  defendant  to  a  state 
insane  hospital. 

Proceedings  must  be  suspended  and  a  trial  must  be  had  upon 
question  of  insanity.  If  accused  is  found  insane,  no  further 
proceedings  may  betaken  un'Jer  indit-tment  until  his  re- 
covery; and  if  his  discharge  will  endani^or  puMic  peace  or 
safety,  court  must  order  him  commiltt^U  to  department  for 
criminal  insane  at  Anamosa. 


In  cases  where  person  is  sent  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane, 
county  attorney  in  char.L-e  of  case  must  notify  superintend- 
ent of  hospital  of  indictment  I'endint;  ai^'ainst  person.  If 
superintendent  at  any  time  aischar;j;es  patient,  he  must 
notify  county  attorney  of  discharge  and  give  reason.^ 

If  court  believes  there  are  reasonable  grounds  for  considering 
defendant  insane,  proceedings  must  be  jiostponed  until 
jury  is  impaneled  to  inquire  whether  he  is  insane.  If  jiiry 
tindshim  msane.  court  must  direct  that  he  be  kept  in  prison 
or  conveyed  by  sheriff  to  nearest  insane  asyhim  and  there 
kept  until  his  recovery. 

n  court  believes  that  there  is  reasonable  ground  for  consider- 
ing defendant  insane,  question  of  insanity  must  be  deter- 
mined byjury  of  12  quuiified  persons  impaneled  as  directed 
by  court,  If;ury  finiis  accuseil  insane,  he  must  be  kept  in 
confinement  m  county  jail  or  insane  asylum  until,  in  opin- 
ion of  court,  he  becomes  sane. 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
court,  who  must  direct  sheriff  to  return 
defendant  that  judgment  may  be  pro- 
nounced; or  court  mav  enter  such  order 
whenever  informed  of  defendant's  re- 
covery. 

If  accusefi  was  committed  to  department 
for  criminal  insane  at  Anamosa,  person 
in  charge  must  notify  sheriff  and  county 
attorney  of  proper  county  when  patient 
recovers.  Sheriff  must  receive  and  hold 
accuspd  in  custody  until  he  is  brought  to 
trial  or  jud[:ment  or  is  discharged  by  dis- 
trict court  or  judpe. 

(See  preceding  column. ) 


Ifsenttoasylum.  accused  must  be  returued 
to  sheriff  on  demand,  to  be  reconveyed 
by  hira  to  jail  of  county. 


Judgment  must  be  pronounced. 


Jtfarylaad . 


Hasp&chufiettn. 


Michigan . 


Minnesota. 


Inmates  of  county  tails  and  persons  un- 
der indictment  who  become  insane  be- 
fore final  conviction. 

Persons  indicted  for  offense  or  commit- 
ted to  jail  on  such  a  charge  by  a  trial 
justice  or  judge  of  a  police  or  munici- 
pal court,  who  plead  insanity. 


Persons  convicted  of  crime  in  supreme 
judicial  court  or  either  superior  court 
and  found  to  be  insane  by  judge  of 
court  when  motion  for  sentence  is 
made. 

Persons  indicted  for  crime  or  misde- 
meanor in  whose  defense  insanity  is 
alleged. 


Persons   appearing    or   alleged    to    be 
iasano  who  are  arrested  and  charged 
with  crime  or  misdemeanor  during  I 
recess  of  circuit  court  for  any  coimty 
or  criminsil  court  of  Baltimore  bpfor.'  ' 
judge  of  such  court  or  who  h;ivo  been  ; 
arrested  onany  prore*^s  Issued  by  any  i 
court  orjudge,  founded  on  oath, requir-  ' 
ingsecurity  to  keep  the  peace,  and  fail  i 
to  give  anv.h  sf^curity.  I 

Persons  arrested  for  improper  or  dis- 
orderly conduct  or  charged  with  any 
crime  or  misdemeanor  who  appear  or 
are  alleged  to  be  inssine  ana  against 
whom  no  indictment  has  been  found. 

Persons  und(?r  complaint  or  indictment 
for  a  crime,  found  insane  by  court  at 
time  appoinlpd  for  trial  or  sentence 
or  at  any  timo  prior  thereto. 


Accused  may  Ve  committed  to  either  insane  hospital  by  any 
judge  of  sujireme  judicial  court  or  judge  of  superior  court  in 
county  where  person  is  to  lie  tried  or  case  is  pending  for  ob- 
servation under  such  limitations  as  such  judu'e  may  direct. 

If  plea  of  insanity  is  made  incourtorany  justice  of  court  be- 
fore which  case  is  to  be  tried  is  notified  that  such  plea  will 
be  made,  justice  may  commit  accused  to  custody  of  super- 
intendent of  either  insane  hospital  to  he  detained  until  fur- 
ther order  of  court,  that  truth  or  fakit  y  of  plea  may  1  e  ascer- 
tained. Superintendent  ofhospital  to  which  person  is  com- 
mitted must  at  stated  times  while  person  remains  in  his 
care  report  to  judge  of  court  bofore  which  person  is  to  be 
tried  whether  his  longer  detention  is  required  for  purposes 
of  obsen-ation. 

Court  may  cause  person  tobecommittedtobuilding  for  crim- 
inal insane  at  Augusta  State  Hospital,  if  he  is  convicted  of 
crime  ininishaVde  by  imprisonment  in  st^te  prison;  other- 
wise, to  either  state  hospital  for  insane.* 

Jury  impaneled  to  try  person  mu^t  find  by  its  verd  ict  whether 
or  not  person  was  insane  at  time  of  commission  of  offense 
or  still  is  insane.  If  jury  finds  by  its  verdict  that  accused 
was  insane  at  that  i-ime  and  i.'^  insane  at  time  of  verdict, 
court  before  which  trial  was  had  must  cause  accused  to 
be  sent  to  a  hospital  or  some  other  place  deemed  more 
suitable  by  court,  to  bo  confined  imtil  he  becomes  sane 
and  is  legally  discharged. 

Judge  mu.st  order  sheriff  of  county  or  city  where  offense 
was  committed  to  summon  immediately  jury  of  12  men 
to  inquire  whether  accused  w!=.s  insanoat  time  offense  was 
committed  end  still  is  insane.  If  jury  so  finds,  judge 
must  commit  accused  to  a  hospital  or  some  other  place 
deemed  more  suitable  by  court  to  be  confined  until  he 
becomes  sane  and  is  legally  discharged.  ^ 


Upon  satisfactory  proof  of  permanent  or 
temporary  recovery,  any  judge  of  cir- 
cuit court  for  county  where  person  in 
question  is  detained  or  of  supreme  bench 
of  Baltimore  city  may  upon  habeas  cor- 
pus proceedings' make  any  order,  abso- 
lute or  conditional,  for  permanent  or 
temporary  discharge. 

(10^ 


( Procedure  Is  practically  the  same  as  for  preceding  group  of 
persons  except  that  court,  instead  of  judgCj  m^ust  cause 
Jury  to  bo  impaneled  and,  if  person  Is  found  msane,  must 
direct  his  commitment  to  some  suitable  place). 

Court  may  commit  person  to  a  static  hospital  for  insane 
under  such  limitations  as  it  may  order.  Court  may  in 
its  discretion  employ  one  or  more  experts  in  insanity  or 
other  legally  qualified  physicians  to  examine  dpfpndant. 


Persons  accused  of  murder,  attempt  at 
mm*der.  rape,  attempt  at  rape,  incest, 
abduction,  highway  robbery,  arson, 
or  attcmjit  to  do  great  bodily  harm 
who  appear  innane. 

Persons  in  confinement  under  indict- 
ment for  murder,  atti^mpt  at  murder, 
rape,  attempt  at  rape,  incest,  abduc- 
tion, highway  robbery,  arson,  or 
assault  to  do  great  bodily  harm  who 
appear  insane. 


Persons  under  indictment  or  informa- 
tion  found    to   l>e   insane   before   or 

during  trial. 


Court,  upon  certification  of  insanity  of  accused,  must  asuer- 
tain  whether  insanity  continues,  and  if  it  does,  must 
order  him  sent  to  State  .\8ylum  at  Ionia  (now  Ionia 
State  Hospital). 

Judge  of  circuit  court  of  coimty  where  accused  is  confined 
must  in-stitute  invest ication,  calling  2  or  more  physi- 
cians and  other  credible  witnesses  and  the  prosecuting 
attorney  to  aid  in  examination.  Jury  may  be  called,  if 
deemcfl  necessary.  If  it  is  proved  tliat  porson  is  insane, 
judge  may  order" him  removed  to  State  Asylum  at  Ionia 
(now  Ionia  State  Hospital),  to  remain  until  his  recovery. 


Court  in  which  indictment  or  information   is  filed  must 
order  commitment  to  proper  stato  hospital:    if  person  is 
found  to  have  homicidal  tendencies  court  must  order  his 
commitment  to  state  asylum  for  dangerous  insane  (con-  i 
nnct^d  with  St.  Poter  State  Ilospitjin. 


When  x>crson  removed  to  a  state  hospital 
is,  in  opinion  of  trustees  and  supcrin- 
tondont  of  hospital,  rf'stored  to  sanity, 
he  must  be  immediately  returned  to  jail 
or  custody  from  which  he  was  removed, 
where  he  must  be  held  in  accordance 
with  terms  of  process  by  which  he  was 
originally  committed  or  confined. 


When  person  transferred  to  State  Asylum 
at  Ionia  recovers,  if  judge  of  circuit  court 
so  directed,  superintendent  of  asylum 
must  inform  such  judge  and  prosecuting 
attorney  of  recovery  of  accused,  so  thai 
he  may  within  (iO  days  be  rAnanded  to 
prison  and  criminal  proceedings  may  he 
resumed  or  he  may  be  otherwise  dis- 
charged. 

Patient  must  be  returned  to  coiut  from 
which  he  was  received. 


90 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  10.— PERSONS  CHARGED  "WITH  CRIME,  UNDERGOING   TRIAL,   CONVICTED   BUT  NOT  SENTENCED     OR  IN 
CONFINEMENT  UNDER  OTHER  LEGAL  PROCESS.  WHO  APPEAR  INSANE  OR  PLEAD  INSANITY— Contd. 

(For  procedure  after  acquittal  of  persons  pleading  insanity,  see  Table  12.    For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  92  and  93.] 


STATE. 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Mississippi 
Missouri... 

Montana. . 

Nebraska. . 
Nevada.... 


New  Hampshire 


New  Jersey. 


New  Mexico. 


New  York.. 


North  Carolina. 


NOTtb  Dakota. 


Ohio.. 


Persona  found  during  trial  to  have  been 
insane  at  time  of  crime  and  to  bo  still 
insane. 

Persona  indicted  for  crime  who  become, 
in  opinion  of  court,  insane  before  trial 


Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  action  is  called  for  trial,  during 
trial,  or  when  they  are  brought  up  for 
judgment  on  conviction. 

Persona  becoming  insane  after  ofTense 
but  before  sentence. 

Persons  whose  sanity  is  doubted  when 
action  is  called  for  trial  or  when  they 
are  brought  up  for  judgment  on  con- 
viction. 


Persons  indicted  for  any  offense  or  com- 
mitted to  jail  on  any  criminal  charge 
to  await  action  of  grand  jury,  who 
plead  insanity. 


Persons  in  confinement  under  commit- 
ment, indictment,  or  any  other  than 
civil  process  who  e ppear  insane." 


Persons  indicted  for  any  offense  who 
are  found  insane. 


Persons  in  confinement  under  indict- 
ment or  any  other  than  civil  process, 
who  appear  insane.** 


Persons  In  confinement  under  indict- 
ment who  plead  insanity. 


Persons  accused  of  crime  found  by  court 
to  be  without  sufBoient  mental  capac- 
ity to  undertai^e  their  defense  or  to 
receive  sentence  after  conviction. 


Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  criminal  action  is  called  for  trial , 
durirg  trial,  or  when  they  are  brought 
up  for  judgment  on  conviction. 

Persons  indicted  for  an  offense  who 
before  sentence  are  alleged  to  be 
insane.^^ 


Conservator  of  peace  must  remand  prisoner  to  custody  and 
notify  chancellor  or  clerk  of  chancery  court,  who  must 
proceed  as  with  other  insane  persons. 

Court  must  suspend  proceedings  against  person  and  order 
question  of  insanity  submitted  to  a  jury.  Prosecuting 
attorney  and  alleged  insane  person  must  be  notified.  If 
person  ia  found  insane,  court  must  commit  him  to  the 
insane  asylum. 

Court  must  suspend  proceedings  against  person  and  order 
question  of  insanity  submitted  to  a  jury.  Trial  jury  may 
be  discharged  or  retained  during  pendency  of  issue  of 
insanity.  If  person  is  found  insane,  court  must  commit 
him  to  an  asylum. 

Proceedings  raust  bo  suspended  and  court  must  impanel 
jury  to  determine  question  of  insanity  of  person  at  time  of 
mipaneling. 

Court  must  suspend  criminal  proceedings  against  person 
and  order  question  of  insanity  submitted  either  to  the 
regular  jury  or  to  a  jury  specially  impaneled  for  the  pur- 
pose. If  person  is  found  insane,  court,  if  it  deems  his  dis- 
charge dangerous  to  public  peace  or  safety,  may  order 
sheriff  to  commit  him  to  custody  of  some  proper  person." 

If  plea  of  insanity  is  made  in  court  or  any  justice  of  court  be- 
fore which  accused  is  to  be  tried  is  notified  that  such  plea 
will  be  made,  justice  may  order  person  committed  to  cus- 
tody ofsuperintendentofstateinsaneasylum  to  bedetained 
until  further  order  of  court,  that  truth  or  falsity  of  plea 
may  be  ascertained. >2 

Justice  of  supreme  court  presiding  in  courts  of  county  In 
which  person  is  confined,  or  a  judge  of  circuit  court,  or 
judge  of  court  of  common  pleas  of  the  county  may  inquire 
into  sanity  of  person,  as  in  the  case  of  persons  detained 
in  institutions  for  insane.  II  he  is  found  Insane,  justice 
or  judge  must  order  him  confined  in  a  state  or  county 
institution  for  insane.'* 

If  upon  arraignment  accused  i3  found  insane  by  a  jury  law- 
fully impaneled  for  the  purpose  or  is  so  found  at  trial  by 
jury  charged  with  indictment,  court  may  order  him  kept 
in  strict  custody  in  place  specified  by  court  while  insanity 
continues. 

County  judge'  of  county  where  person  is  confined  must  in- 
stitute an  investigation,  calling  2  legally  qualified  exam- 
iners in  lunacy  and  other  witnesses  and  inviting  district 
attorney  to  aid  in  examination,  ani  if  he  deems  it  neces- 
sary, calling  a  jury.  If  prisoner  is  found  insane,  judge 
must  order  his  removal  to  a  state  asylum. 

In  case  of  persons  in  confinement  under  indictment,  court 
before  which  indictment  is  pending  may  at  any  time 
before  or  after  conviction  appoint  commission  of  not  more 
than  3  disinterested  persons  to  examine  accused  and  report 
to  court  as  to  his  sanity  at  time  of  examination.  If  pris- 
oner is  found  insane  by  commission  and  court  deems  his 
discharc^e  dangerous  to  public  peace  and  safety,  court 
must  order  that  he  be  committed  to  a  state  asylum  and 
that  upon  his  recovery  he  be  redelivered  to  sheriff. 

When  defendant  at  time  of  arraignment  pleads  insanity  as 
a  specification  under  plea  of  not  guilty,  court  in  which 
indictment  is  pendiuEtj  instead  of  proceeding  with  trial  of 
indictment,  may  appoint  commission  of  not  more  than  3 
disinterested  persons  to  examine  him  and  report  to  court 
as  to  his  sanity  at  time  of  commission  of  crime.  Com- 
misuon  must  be  attended  by  district  attomev  of  county 
and  may  call  and  examine  witne3:^e3.  Defendfant'sioun- 
sel  may  take  part  in  pro'^eedin'^s.  If  commission  finds 
defendant  insane,  trial  must  be  suspended  until  he  be- 
comes sane,  and  court,  if  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous 
to  public  peace  or  safety,  must  order  that  he  be  committed 
by  sheriff  to  a  state  insane  asylum  and  that  upon  recovery 
he  be  redelivered  by  suoerintendent  to  sheriff. 

Trial  court  must  detain  person  i  n  custody  pending  an  inqui- 
sition into  his  sanity  and  must  notify  person  of  date  of 
inquisition.  Judge  must  cause  witnesses  to  be  summoned, 
and  If  upon  inquisition  judge  finds  person  dangerous  to 
himself  or  others  he  must  commit  him  to  hospital  for  dan- 
gerous insane. 


Court  must  suspend  proceedings  against  person  and  order 
question  of  insanity  submitted  to  a  jury.  lYial  jury  may 
be  discharged  or  retained  during  pendency  of  issue  of  insan- 
ity. If  person  is  found  insane,  court  must  order  sheriff  to 
commit  him  to  the  state  hospital  for  insane. 

Court  in  which  indictment  is  pending,  when  notified  by 
attorney  of  accused  person  and  presented  with  physician's 
certificate  as  to  person's  insanity,  must  order  jury  impan- 
eled totry  question  of  person's  insanity  attimeof  "impanel- 
ing. If  person  is  found  insane  by  three-fourths  of  jury, 
clerk  of  probate  court  must  be  notified,  and  accused  must 
be  dealt  with  as  after  an  inquest. 


(See  preceding  column. ) 


Patient  must  be  returned  to  county  from 
which  he  came,  and  proceedings  against 
him  resumed. 


Superintendent  of  asylum  must  noti^ 
sheriff"  and  county  attorney.  Sheriff 
must  remove  patient  from  asylum,  and 
proceedings  against  him  must  be  resumed. 


Sheriff  and  district  attorney  of  the  county 
must  be  notified  and  sheriff  must  place 
person  in  proper  custody  until  he  is 
brought  to  trial  or  Judgment  or  is  legally 
disctiarged. 

(IS) 


Chief  officer  of  institution  where  person  is 
confined  must  notify  justice  or  judge  that 
committed  him  to  institution  for  insane, 
who  must  order  hini  remanded  to  place 
In  which  he  was  originally  confined,  to 
be  dealt  with  according  to  law. 


(See  preceding  column.) 


If  person  was  sent  to  asylum,  superin- 
tendent of  asylum  must  notify  judge  and 
district  attorney  of  his  recovery  so  that 
patient  may  within  60  days  be  remanded 
to  prison  to  be  dealt  with  according  to 
law.      (Seealso  preceding  column.) 


If  accused  was  received  in  insane  asylimi, 
superintendent  of  asylum  must  notify 
judge  of  supreme  court  of  district  in 
which  asylum  is  situated  as  to  his  recov- 
ery Judge  must  require  sheriff  to  bring 
defendant  from  asylum  and  place  him  In 
proper  custody  until  he  is  brought  to 
trial  or  is  legally  discharged. 


If  person  was  sent  to  hospital  for  dangerous 
insane, authoritiesof  hospital  mustreport 
recovery  to  sheriff  of  county  from  which 
patient  came,  who  must  order  that  he  ap- 
pear before  judge  of  superior  court oftfie 
district  to  be  dealt  with  according  to  law. 
When  person  against  whom  an  indict- 
ment is  pending  recovers. superintendent 
must  notify  clerk  of  courtof  county  from 
which  patient  was  sent,  who  must  place 
case  against  him  upon  docket  of  superior 
or  criminal  court  of  his  county  for  trial: 
and  patient  may  not  be  dischiirgel  with- 
out an  order  from  such  court.  No  per- 
son convicted  of  a  crime  upon  whom 
judgment  was  suspended  by  judge  on 
account  of  insanity  may  be  discharged 
from  hospital  except  upon  order  of  the 
judge  of  the  district  or  of  the  judge  hold- 
ing the  court  of  the  district  in  which  ho 
was  tried. 

Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
sheriff  and  state's  attorney  of  the  county. 
Sheriff  must  remove  patient  from  hospi- 
tal and  proceedings  against  him  must  be 
resumed. 

Accused  may  bo  prosecuted  for  on  offense 
committed  by  him  prior  to  his  insanity;  if 
he  had  been  convicted  and  was  awaiting 
sentence  at  time  of  insanity  proceedings 
he  may  be  sentenced. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


91 


Table  10.— PERSONS   CHARGED   WITH  CRIME,  UNDERGOING  TRIAL,   CONVICTED   BUT  NOT  SENTENCED,  OR   IN 
CONFINEMENT  UNDER  OTHER  LEGAL  PROCESS,  WHO  APPEAR  INSANE  OR  PLEAD  INSANITY— Contd. 

[For  procedure  after  acqaittal  of  persooi  pleadin;  Insaalty,  see  Table  12.    For  notes  to  thla  table,  see  pp.  92  and  93.1 


Class  of  persons. 


Procsedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Ohio— Continued. 


Oklahoma'' 


Pennsylvania  >B. 


Rhode  Island  >9. 


Texas. 


Utah. 


Vermont. 


Virginia". 


Persons  confined  in  jail  charged  with  an 
offense,  but  not  yet  indicted,  who  are 
alleged  to  have  been  insane  at  time 
offense  was  committed  or  to  have  since 
become  insane. 

Defendants  whose  sanity  is  doubted 
when  indictment  or  information  is 
called  for  trial  or  when  upon  convic- 
tion they  are  brought  up  forjudgment. 

Persons  indicted  for  an  offense  who  are 
lound  insane  upon  arraignment 


Persons  found  insane  during  trial. 


Soatb  Carolina 
South  Dakota. 


Persons  committed  to  a  county  jail  or 
other  prison  by  a  committing  magis- 
trate on  criminal  charge  less  than 
felony  who  are  found  insane. 

Persons  awaiting  trial  or  imprisoned  in 
any  county  who  are  reported  to  be 
insane- 


Persons  charged  with  crime  found  in- 
sane upon  trial  before  a  judge  of  the 
circuit  court. 

Defendants  whose  sanity  Is  doubted 
wben  indictment  or  information  is 
called  for  trial  or  when  upon  convic- 
tion they  are  brought  up  forjudgment. 

Persons  arraigned  for  criminal  offense 
punishable  by  imprisonment  in  peni- 
tentiary or  death ,  in  whose  behalf  plea 
of  present  insanity  is  urged 


Persons  Indicted  for  a  criminal  offense 
and  iield  by  coiui.  to  be  insane. 


Persons  pleading  guilty  to  crime  who 
are  believed  by  jwy  to  be  insana 


Persons  convicted  who  are  believed  by 
court  to  be  insane. 


Persons  becoming  Insane  during  trial  or 
wnen  brougnt  up  lor  sentence. 


Persons  indicted  for  criminal  offense  or 
committed  to  jail  on  a  criminal  charge 
by  a  justice,  municipal,  or  city  court, 
who  ^jlead  insanity. 


Persons  under  arrest  charged  with  an 
offense  punishable  by  death  or  im- 
prisonment in  state  prison  or  house  of 
correction,  who  appear  insane. 

Persons  held  for  trial  whoso  sanity  is 
doubted  by  court  at  time  of  trial 


Persom  convicted  but  not  sentenced, 
wnose  sanity  u  doubted  by  couru 


Sheriff  or  jailer  mu^t  notify  judge,  clerk  of  court,  and  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  proper  county,  and  an  examining  court 
must  be  held;  and  if  judge  linds  that  person  was  insane 
when  hecommittedoffeuseand  still  is  insane,  or  afterwards 
became  and  still  is  Insane,  he  may  proceed  as  required  by 
law  after  an  inquest. 

Court  must  suspend  proceedings  against  person  and  order 
jury  impaneled  to  inquire  into  person's  insanity.  If 
person  is  found  insane,  court,  if  it  deems  his  discharge  dan- 
gerous to  pubhc  peace  or  safety,  may  order  him  committed 
tocareof  suerih. 

Jiuy  must  be  impaneled  to  inquire  into  supposed  insanity; 
and  if  person  is  lound  insane,  court  may  order  him  kept  in 
strict  custody,  in  place  and  manner  deemed  advisable  by 
court,  so  long  as  his  insanity  continues. 

If  person  appearsinsane  to  jury,  trial  court  must  direct  such 
finding  recorded,  and  may  order  person  kept  in  strict 
custody  in  place  and  manner  deemed  advisable  by  court, 
so  long  as  his  insanity  continues. 

If  upon  examination  of  prisoner  by  at  least  2  physicians  he  is 
found  insane,  county  commissioners  must,  with  approval 
ofcourt  of  quarter  sessions  of  the  county  oroneofthejudgej 
of  that  court ,  remove  prisoner  to  proper  hospital  for  insane. 

^Vny  justice  of  the  supreme  court  on  petition  of  the  agent  of 
state  charities  and  corrections,  or  of  oillcer  having  custody 
of  person  in  question,  may  make  such  examination  of 
person  as  he  deems  proper  and,  if  he  finds  him  insane,  may 
order  his  removal  to  the  state  asylum  for  insane  if  he  can 
be  received  there,  and  if  not,  to  Butler  Hospital. 

Judge  before  whom  trial  is  held  may  send  person  to  state 
hospital  for  insane. 

Coin"t  must  suspend  proceedings  against  person  and  order 
jury  impaneled  to  inquire  into  person's  sanity.  If  person 
is  found  insane,  court,  if  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous 
to  public  peace  or  safety,  may  order  him  committed  to  care 
of  sheriff. 

If  in  case  of  person  not  previously  known  or  believed  to  be 
insane  plea  of  present  insanity  is  urged,  court  must  charge 
jury  to  determine  from  evidence  question  of  insanity. 
Upon  a  finding  of  insanity,  unless  oUense  charged  was 
felonious  assault  or  a  misdemeanor,  court  is  required  to 
cause  person  to  be  committed  to  hospital  for  insane. 


Court,  If  satisfied  that  person  is  insane  and  has  been  so  for  four 
successive  terms,  may  discharge  him  upon  recognizance  of 
sufficient  sureties  lor  his  appearance  at  next  succeeding 
term.  Court  may  renew  recognizance  Irom  term  to  term 
as  long  as  defendant  continues  insane. 

If  jury  believes  person  pleading  guilty  is  insane,  it  must  so  re- 
port to  court  and  issue  as  to  that  fact  must  be  tried  be- 
fore another  jury,  if  upon  such  trial  defendant  is  found 
insane,  proceedings  are  the  same  as  in  the  case  of  persons 
found  insane  after  conviction.     (See  belo%v). 

If  court  has  good  reason  to  believe  defendant  insane,  a  jury 
must  be  impaneled  to  try  the  issue.  If  person  is  found  in- 
sane, court  must  commit  him  to  '"ustody  of  sheriff,  and 
proceedings  must  immediat-ly  be  certified  to  county  judge, 
who  must  arrange  for  his  detention  in  insane  asylum. 


Upon  complaint  under  oath  court  may  submit  question  of 
person's  msanity  toa  jury  and  criminal  proceedings  against 
him  must  be  suspended,  il  person  is  fuund  insane,  judge, 
if  court  deems  bis  freedom  a  menace  to  public  quietude, 
must  order  sheriff  to  commit  him  to  btate  Mental  Hospital. 

Presiding  judge  of  the  county  court  before  vrhom  accused  is 
to  be  tried,  if  plea  of  insanity  is  made,  or  if  satisfied  that 
such  plea  will  be  made,  may  order  person  into  care  of  super- 
intendent of  state  hospital  for  insane  to  bo  detained  until 
further  order  of  judge  or  court,  so  that  truth  or  falsity  of 
plea  may  be  ascertained. 

Governor,  if  he  believes  person  is  insane  and  in  need  of  treat- 
ment, may  direct  olticer  having  person  in  charge  to  remove 
him  to  state  hospital  for  insane  pending  proceedings  upon 
the  charge. 

Court  mast  suspend  trial  until  a  jury  impaneled  for  the  pur- 
jiose  inquires  into  supposed  insanity.  If  jury  finds  person 
insane  at  lime  of  verdict  it  must  further  decide  whether  or 
not  person  was  insane  at  time  of  allei^ed  oilense.  If  person 
is  found  to  have  been  insane  at  that  time,  court  may  dis- 
miss prosecution  and  either  discharge  him  or  order  him 
committed  to  an  insane  asylum.  If  jury  finds  he  was  not 
insane  at  that  time,  court  must  commit  him  to  jail  or  order 
him  confined  in  an  insane  asyliuu  until  he  recovers  so  that 
ho  can  be  tried. 

Court  may  impanel  jury  to  inquire  into  insanity,  and,  if 
person  is  found  insane,  must  commit  him  to  jail  or  to  an 
msane  asylum. 


Superintendent  having  person  in  charge 
must  notify  prosecuting  attorney  of 
proper  county.  Unless  the  prosecuting 
attorney  causes  a  capias  to  be  issued, 
superintendent  must  discharge  patient. 

Sheriff  must  place  person  in  proper  custody 
until  he  is  brought  to  trial  or  judgment 
or  is  legally  discharged 


(See  preceding  column.) 


(See  preceding  column.) 


Any  justice  of  stipreme  court  may  remand 
patient  toplace  of  original  conlinement  to 
await  trial  for  offense  for  which  he  stands 
committed. 


Sheriff  must  place  person  in  proper  custody 
until  he  is  brought  to  trial  or  judgment, as 
case  may  be,  or  is  legally  discharged. 


If  accu-sed  was  committed  to  hospital,  trus- 
tees and  physician  of  hospital  must  cause 
patient  to  be  delivered  to  jailer  of  David- 
son County  and  immediately  notify  clerk 
of  county  in  which  patient  wa*?  arraigned. 
At  next  term  of  court  district  attorney 
may  resume  proceedings  against  person; 
otherwise  he  must  be  discharged. 
(See  preceding  column.) 


When  court  in  which  defendant  was  con- 
victed is  notified  of  his  recovery  by  cer- 
tificate of  superintendent  of  asylum  or 
by  alfidavit  of  any  credible  person,  iif 
defendant  is  not  confined  m  Insane 
asylum,  judge  or  court  must  order  de- 
lendant  brought  before  court,  and  jury 
must  be  impaneled  to  try  issue  of  sanity, 
if  he  is  found  sane,  conviction  may  be 
enforced  against  liim. 

If  person  was  committed  to  hospital,  super- 
mtendent  of  hospital  must  notify  sheriff 
of  county  Irom  which  patient  was  sent, 
who  must  place  him  in  proper  custody 
until  he  is  brought  to  trial  or  judgment. 


If  person  was  committed  to  hospital,  super- 
mtendent  of  hospital  must  notify  clerk 
of  court  by  whose  order  patient  was  con- 
fined, and  clerk  ma-^t  cause  patient  to  be 
returned  to  jail.  When  prisoner  is  so 
brought  from  insane  asylum  and  com- 
mitted to  jail  or  when  it  is  found  by  ver- 
dict of  another  jury  that  a  prisoner  whose 
trial  has  been  suspended  has  been  re- 
stored to  sanity,  the  court  must  proceed 
to  try  bim. 

II  person  was  committed  to  hospital,  super- 
mtendent  of  hospital  must  notify  clerk 
of  court  by  whose  order  patient  was  con- 
fined, and  clerk  must  cause  patient  to  be 
returned  to  jail.  When  prisoner  is  so 
brought  from  insane  asylum  and  com- 
mitte  J  to  jail,  or  when  it  is  lound  by  ver- 
dict of  another  jury  that  a  prisoner  whose 
sentence  was  suspended  has  been  re- 
stored to  sanity,  court  must  pronoimce 
sentence. 


92 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  10,— PERSONS   CHARGED    WITH   CRIME,    UNDERGOING  TRIAL,  CONVICTED  BUT  NOT   SENTENCED,  OR  IN 
CONFINEMENT  UNDER  OTHER  LEGAL  PROCESS,  WHO  APPEAR  INSANE  OR  PLEAD  INSANITY—Contd. 

(For  procedure  after  acquittal  of  persons  pleading  insanity,  see  Table  12.] 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  npon  recovery. 


Washington. 


W€6t  Virginia. 


Wisconsin. 


Wyoming. 


Persons  arraigned  for  an  indictable  of- 
fense who  are  foimd  to  be  insane. 

Persons  convicted  of  crime  vho  in  judg- 
ment of  court  were  insane  at  lime  of 
at:t  charged  or  at  time  of  conviction  or 
sentence. 


Persons  indicted  for  criminal  offense 
whose  sanity  is  doubted  by  court  at 
time  of  trial* 


Persons  convicted   but   not  sentenced 
whose  sanitv  is  doubted  bv  court. 


Persons  indicted  or  informed  against  for 
any  ofifense  who  are  all*^ed  to  he  in- 


Persons  under  charge  of  or  convicted  be- 
fore court  of  record  for  crime  punish- 
able by  imprisonment  in  state  prison, 
who  are  awaiting  hearing,  trial,  con- 
viction, or  sentence  on  account  of  al- 
leged insanity  at  time  of  crime  or  later. 

Persons  continerfl  awaiting  trial  who  are 
insane. 


Superior  court,  if  person  is  found  by  the  jury  to  be  insane  at 
time  of  arraignment,  may  commit  him  to  hospital  for  in- 
sane. 

Court  trying  ca.se  may  direi-t  that  person  be  confined  for 
treatment  in  a  state  h(.>s[)itdl  for  insane  or  in  the  insane 
ward  of  state  penilentiiiry  until  his  recovery.  In  deter- 
mining insanity  of  any  such  person  court  may  take  coimsel 
with  one  or  more  experts  in  the  diagnosis  and  treatment  of 
insanity. 

Coiu-t  must  suspend  trial  until  a  jury  impaneled  for  the  piu- 
pose  inquires  into  supposed  insanity.  If  jury  finds  person 
insane  at  time  of  verdict,  it  must  further  decide  whether 
or  not  person  was  insane  at  time  of  alleged  olTense.  If  per- 
son is  found  to  have  been  insane  at  that  time,  court  may 
dismiss  prosecution  and  either  discharge  him  or  order  him 
committed  to  a  hospital  for  insane.  If  jury  finds  he  was 
not  so  at  that  time,  court  must  commit  him'to  jail  or  order 
him  confined  in  a  hospital  for  insane  imtil  he  recovers  so 
that  he  can  be  tried. 

Court  must  impanfl  jury  to  inquire  into  insanity,  and  if 
person  Is  found  insane,  must  commit  him  to  jail  or  to  hos- 
pital for  insane. 


If  informed  that  there  is  a  probability  that  accused  is  insane 
at  time  of  trial,  court  must,  in  a  summary  manner,  make 
inquisition  by  a  jury  or  otherwise,  and  if  person  is  found 
insane,  trial  must  be  suspended  and  accused  confined  in  a 
state  hospital  for  insane. ^i  If  it  is  determined  by  proper 
authorities  of  hospital  that  accused  is  incurable,  he  must 
not  be  retained  in  hospital  to  the  exclusion  of  more  hopeful 
cases;  but  no  such  person  who  is  luider  charge  or  convic- 
tion of  a  crime  punishable  by  imprisonment  in  state 
prison  and  was  committed  to  hospital  by  order  of  court  of 
record  having  jurisdiction  of  case,  may  be  removed  except 
upon  order  of  such  court. 

Any  court  of  record  having  jurisdiction  of  accused  may  com- 
mit him  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  for  safe-keeping  and 
treatment. 


Anyone  having  pt-rsou  in  charge  must,  and  any  citiien  of 
the  state  may,  make  complaint,  and  question  of  insanity 
must  be  inquired  into  by  a  jury  in  accordance  with  pro- 
cedure prescribed  for  oilier  cases.  If  found  insane,  person 
must  be  taken  to  such  place  for  treatment  as  is  provided 
orprescribed  byState  Board  of  Charitie?  and  Reform  either 
generally  or  for  that  particular  case. 


(See  preceding  column. j 


If  person  was  committed  to  hospital,  super- 
intendent of  hospital  must  notify  clerk  of 
court  by  whose  order  patient  was  cim- 
fined,  and  clerk  must  cause  patient  to  be 
returned  to  jail.  When  prisoner  is  so 
brought  from  hospital  and  committed  to 
jail,  or  when  it  is  found  by  verdict  of 
another  jury  that  a  prisoner  whoso  trial 
has  been  suspended  has  been  restored  to 
sanity,  court  must  proceed  (o  try  him. 

If  person  was  committed  to  haspltal,  su- 
perintendent of  hospital  must  notify 
clerk  of  court  bv  whose  order  pat  lent  was 
confined,  and  clerk  miist  cause  patient  to 
be  returned  to  jail.  When  prisoner  is  so 
brought  from  insane  asylum  and  com- 
mitted to  jail,  or  when  it  is  found  by 
verdict  of  another  jury  that  a  prisoner 
whose  sentence  was  suspended  has  been 
restored  to  sanity,  court  must  pronounce 
sentence. 

Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
sheriiT  of  county  in  which  proceedings 
are  pendine,  who  must  commit  patient 
to  county  jail  or  have  him  held  on  bail. 


(See  procedure  in  case  of  persons  indicted 
or  informed  against  for  any  offense.) 


Patient  mu.st  be  returned  to  place  of  con- 
finement from  which  he  was  sent  and 
tried  there. 


NOTES  TO  TABLE  10. 

'  In  case  of  person  lirought  up  for  judgment  on  conviction,  court  must  order  a  Jury  to  be  summoned  from  the  li^t  of  jurors  selected  l)y  the  coimty  commissioners  for  the 
year. 

3  A  law  approved  Mar.  15, 1913,  contauied  provisions  as  follows:  "If  at  any  tune  before  trial  of  any  criminal  cause  or  during  trial  and  before  submL5sion  of  cause  to 
court  or  jury  trying  it.  court  has  reasonable  ground  for  lielieving  defendant  insane,  he  must  fix  a  time  for  hearing  question  of  insanity  and  must  appoint  2  physicians  to 
examine  defendant  and  testify  concerning  question  at  hearing.  Other  evidence  may  be  introduced  at  hearing.  If  court  finds  defendant  unable  to  understand  proceedings 
and  make  his  defense,  he  must  order  defthdant,  if  a  male,  committed  to  Indiana  Hospital  for  Insane  Criminals,  or,  if  a  female,  to  any  hospital  of  state  where  female  insane 
arc  confined.  If  court  finds  otherwise,  trial  must  not  be  delayed  or  continued  on  gromid  of  alleged  insanity."'  The  procedure  upon  recovery  is  practically  the  same  as  that 
stated  in  the  last  column  of  this  table  as  applying  t«  persons  convicted  but  not  sentenced,  except  that  upon  release  defendant  must  be  placed  on  trial  for  charges. 

3  The  code  of  Iowa  aU'o  contains  the  following  provisions,  which,  however,  have  been  held  by  supreme  court  to  be  invalid  so  far  as  they  purport  to  jrive  the  commissioners 
of  insanity  authority  to  determine  the  question  of  the  insanity  of  a  prisoner  uu'ler  arrest  on  an  indictment: 

On  a  written  aj^lication  made  by  any  citizen  stating  that  a  person  confined  in  any  prison  within  the  county  who  is  charged  with  a  crime  but  not  convicted  of  it  nor 
on  trial  for  it  is  insane,  the  commissioners  of  insanity  must  cause  prisoner  to  be  brought  Kefore  them,  and  if  they  find  him  insane,  must  direct  his  removal  to  one  of  the 
hospitals  for  insane.  Upon  patient's  recovery,  superintendent  mustdirectsherifllofcounty  from  whichpersonwasreceived  to  return  him  to  the  jail  of  that  county  to  answer 
charge  against  him. 

*  In  1911  the  following  provisions  were  enacted  relating  to  persons  under  indictment  or  information  before  or  during  trial  and  before  verdict  is  rendered: 

Procidure  u-hm  indications  of  insanity  are  nuied. — If  person  is  foimd  insane  by  court  in  which  indictment  or  information  is  filed  or  by  a  commission  or  another  jury 
impaneled  to  try  question,  comt  must  commit  him  to  State  AsyUnn  for  Dangerous  Insane  to  be  kept  until  recovery. 

Procedure  v'pon  recoreri/. — Person  must  l-e  returned  to  court  from  which  he  was  ret-eived  to  l-e  placed  on  trial  upon  indictment  or  information. 

6  Acji-ording  to  a  provision  contained  in  the  chaj^ter  on  insane  hospitals  in  the  General  Statutes  of  1W9,  no  patient  who  is  charged  with  crime  may  be  discharged  until  at 
least  in  days  after  notice  has  been  given  to  probate  judge  of  county  having  jurisdiction  of  case. 

•  Provisions  are  contained  in  a  chapter  relating  to  an'aignnifut  and  pleadings  and  do  not  apply  in  cases  where  accused  has  been  convicted  and  sentenced. 

'  Accordmg  to  provisions  relating  to  the  state  hospital  at  Jackson,  physician  of  hospital  must  examine  persons  committed  by  authority  of  district  or  parish  judge,  and, 
if  in  his  opinion  person  is  only  feigning  insanity,  being  charged  with  felonious  crime,  he  must  rejjort  to  board  of  administrators,  which,  after  investigation,  must  decide 
whether  person  should  be  admitted  to  hospital  or  confined  in  parish  jail.  If  such  person  feigning  insanity  who  has  been  previously  committed  to  prison  for  a  crime  is  sent 
to  parish  jail,  proper  authority  of  his  parish  of  residence  must  be  notified.  These  provisions  apply  also  "to  persons  charged  with  crime  who  recover  while  in  hospital.  If 
person  feigning  insanity  is  confined  in  parish  jail,  hemust  subsequently  be  removed  to  parish  of  residence.  Similar  provisions  are  contained  in  a  law  providing  for  the 
hospital  later  established  at  Plneville,  except  that  this  law  does  not  provide  for  commitment  by  the  parish  jud^e. 

These  were  the  only  statutory  provisions  prior  to  an  act  approved  July  1, 1910.  providmg  for  a  ward  for  criminal  insane  in  the  East  Ixtuisiana  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at 
Jackson.    This  act  contains  provisions  subslantiallv  as  follows:  ■  u  i.    • 

Procedure  when  indications  of  iiuanivt  are  no/fd.^— If  person  charged  with  crime  bv  affidavit,  information,  or  indictment  is  found  to  be  insane  in  court  in  which  he  js  so 
charged,  before  trial  or  after  trial  and  conviction,  court  must  order  him  committed  to'  ward  for  criminal  insane  in  East  I^ouisiana  Hospital  for  Insane,  to  be  held  there  until 
lie  becomes  sane. 

Procedure  upon  recovery.— -^^  person  committed  as  noted  above  is,  in  opinion  of  superintendent,  not  insane  or  when  suchpersonhascompletelyrecovered,  hemust,  upon 
certificate  of  commission  composed  of  super mtendents  of  the  2  state  hospitals  (and  in  case  of  their  disagreement  a  physician  appointed  by  judge  of  district  court  from  which 
person  was  committed)  be  sent  back  to  jail  or  custody  from  which  removed,  to  be  held  for  trial  or  sentence.  Whennny  person  confined  in  ward  for  criminal  insane  who 
was  not  acquitted  of  crime  with  which  charged  re<-overs  his  sanity,  superintendent  of  hosjntal  must  notify  clerk  of  district  court  of  parish  in  whic-h  crime  was  committed ; 
and  upon  order  of  judge  of  such  court  accused  person  must  be  given  into  custody  of  sheriff  of  such  parish  for  return  to  parish  for  trial.  Where  a  person  has  been  committed 
to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  who  ]»ecamo  insane  after  conviction  for  a  crime  punishable  by  imprisomnent  in  state  penitentiary  or  by  death,  he  must  upon  recovery  be 
delivered  by  superintendent  of  hospital  to  sheriff  of  parish  where  he  was  convicted  in  order  tfiat  judgment  and  sentence  of  court  may  be  executed.  WTien  any  person  charged 
with  a  felony  necessarily  punishalde  in  state  penitentiary  or  by  death  has  been  adiudtred  insane  1  efore  or  after  trial  or  conviction  and  committed  to  a  state  hospital  for 
insane,  such  person  must  not  be  discharged  from  hosjutal  or  delivered  into  custodyof  proper  sheriff  until  superintendents  of  the  2  state  hospitals  for  msane  (and  m  case  of 
their  disagreement  a  physician  appointed  by  judge  of  district  court  from  which  person  was  committed)  are  satisfied  that  person  has  completely  recovered  and  maybe 
discharged  without  danger  to  others  and  have  certified  to  his  recoverv.  .       ,       .     ., ,.      , 

8  According  to  a  law  of  1911  the  superintendent  of  the  Augusta  Sfate  Hospital  and  the  Hospital  Trustees  (see  Table  1 )  may  transfer  patients  committed  to  buildmg  for 
criminal  insane  to  any  other  buildine  for  insane  at  the  .\uensta  hospital  when  they  deem  it  necessary,  and  safety  of  other  patients  permits. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


93 


NOTES  TO  TABLE  10— Coutinued. 

•If  person  has  property  the  rent  or  profit  of  wbich  is  adequate  for  hissupport  in  a  hospital, courtor  judge  must  appoiut  a  trustee,  requiring  hitu  to  give  bond  for  support 
of  insane  person  in  some  hospital  until  his  recovery,  and  for  faithful  management  of  the  estate. 

»o  No  specific  provision.  If  in  judgment  of  I^unacy  Commission  any  person  confined  in  any  institution  as  insane  is  not  insane,  it  may  at  any  time  notify  state's  attorney 
of  any  county  or  of  Baltimore  City,  who  must  apply  to  proper  tribunal  for  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus  and  if  court  believes  person  is  not  insane,  he  must  be  discharged. 

n  According  to  a  law  which  appears  (or  the  first  lime  in  the  Revised  Laws  of  Nevada,  1912,  the  procedure  isnowsubstantially  as  follows:  Court  must  suspend  criminal 
proceedings  against  person  and  order  quest  ion  of  insanity  subruitLed  to  a  jury  specially  impaneled  for  Ihe  purpose.  If  person  is  found  insane,  court,  if  it  deems  his  freedom 
a  menace  to  public  quietude,  must  order  sherifi^  to  commit  him  to  the  Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases. 

>i  According  to  an  amendment  of  IMll,  accused  person  must  be  detained  by  superintendent  until  furt  her  order  of  court  or  until  ordered  discharged  from  hospital  by  its 
trustees  upon  report  by  superintendent  that  person  is  nut  insane;  and  when  person  is  thus  discharged  superintendent  must  notify  county  solicitor  of  county  from  which 
/>erson  was  sent  to  hospital,  who  must  cause  person  to  be  removed.     By  provision  of  1913  board  of  truslfes  was  superseded  by  the  Board  of  Control. 

'3  The  provisions  summarize*!  are  from  a  law  of  1906.  The  Compiled  Statutes  of  1910  also  contain  provisions  from  a  law  of  ls9;j  which  are  substantially  as  follows:  If  a 
person  in  confinement  under  indictment  or  under  any  other  than  civU  process  appears  to  be  insane,  judge  of  circuit  court  of  county  where  he  is  confined  must  institute  an 
inquiry,  calling  a  physician  and  oiher  witnesses  and  inviting  prosecutor  of  pleas  to  aid  inexammationand,  if  he  (leeras  it  necessary,  calling  a  jury.  If  person  is  found  insane, 
judge  may  dBcharge  him  from  imprl'-onment  and  order  his  removal  to  one  of  the  state  hospitals  to  remain  until  restored  to  sanity,  when,  if  judge  so  directed,  medical  director 
of  liospital  must  inform  the  judge,  county  clerk,  and  prosecutor  of  pleas  of  his  recovery.  The  person  must  then  be  remanded  to  prison  and  criminal  proceedings  must  be 
resumed  or  he  must  otherwise  be  discharged. 

An  act  passed  in  1913  embodying  the  provisions  shown  in  the  table  contained  a  clause  repealnig  all  acts  or  parts  of  acts  which  were  inconsistent  with  the  new  act.  By 
this  act  the  mode  of  inquiry  as  to  the  insanity  of  persons  detained  in  institutions  for  the  insane  was  changed.    (See  Table  5,  note  25.) 

>*  According  to  a  law  of  Apr.  27, 19U,  proViding  for  a  house  of  detention  at  the  New  Jersey  State  Hos-pital  at  Trenton,  after  its  completion  all  commitmentsof  convict  or 
criminal  insane  must  be  made  to  that  institution. 

'*  The  provisions  shown  in  the  table  were  amended  in  1910  so  as  to  be  substantially  as  follows: 

Procedure  when  indkatiom  of  iii-^anity  are  iiuted.—hi  the  case  of  all  persons  of  the  class  specified  who  arc  rontlned  outside  city  of  New  York,  and  of  all  such  persons 
confined  within  city  of  New  York  for  whose  otlen.se  maximum  fine  exceeds  SJOO  or  term  of  imprisomnent  exceeds  1  year,  a  judge  of  a  court  of  record  of  the  city  or 
county  or  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Judicial  district  in  which  alleged  insane  person  is  confined  must  institute  an  investigation,  calling  2  legally  qualified 
examiners  in  lunacy  and  other  witnesses,  inviting  district  attorney  to  aid  In  the  examination,  and,  if  he  deems  it  necessary,  calling  a  jury.  If  prisoner  isfound  insane 
Judge  must  order  his  removal  to  a  state  institution  for  insane. 

In  New  York  City  persons  confined  fur  an  olTense  for  which  maximum  fine  does  not  exceed  $oOO  or  term  of  imprisonment  does  not  exceed  1  year,  must  be  comraittad 
to  care  of  commissioner  of  public  charities  or  to  trustees  of  Belle\-ue  Hospital  pending  determination  of  question  of  sanity. 

Procedure  upon  recovery. — Superinlcndent  of  institution  where  person  is  confined  must  notify  jufigc  and  district  attorney,  so  that  patient  may  be  returned  to 
authority  by  which  he  was  originally  held  in  confinement  and  proceedings  against  him  may  bo  resumed. 

Any  inmate  of  Mattea wan  State  Hospital  not  a  convict,  held  upon  an  order  of  a  court  or  judge  in  a  criminal  proceeding,  may  be  discharged  upon  superintendent's 
certificate  of  recovery  made  to  and  approved  by  such  court  or  judge. 

i«The  General  Code  of  1910  contains  provisions  substantially  as  follows,  which  are  to  be  in  force  when  the  Lima  State  Hospital  is  ready  for  occupancy.  If  a  grand 
jury  upon  investigation  of  a  person  accused  of  crime  finds  him  insane,  it  must  report  such  lintiing  to  court  of  common  pleas,  which  must  order  jury  impaneled  to  try 
(piestion  of  person's  insiinity  at  time  of  impaneling.  If  person  is  found  insane,  he  must  be  sent  to  Lima  State  Hospital.  »lien  indications  of  insanity  are  noted  Id 
the  case  of  persons  under  indictment  i^roceedings  must  be  the  same  a'^  for  persons  not  indicted  because  of  insanity. 

1'  The  Revised  Laws  of  1910,  published  under  authority  of  an  act  approved  Mar.  15,  1911,  also  contains  a  provision  according  to  which  a  defendant  in  any  criminal 
prosecution  may  have  it  contended  in  his  behalf  that  he  is  insane  at  time  of  trial.  In  such  cases  court  must  submit  to  jury  a  proper  form  of  verdict,  and  if  jur>'  finds  defendant 
not  guilty  on  account  of  such  uisanity ,  it  must  so  stale,  whereupon  court  must  order  defendant  committed  to  state  hospital  for  insane  or  other  state  institution  for  care  and 
treatment  of  such  cases,  until  the  sanity  of  defendant  is  judicially  determined  and  he  is  discharged  according  to  law. 

i»  The  provLsions  relating  to  the  renns;rlvania  State  Lunatic  Hospital  and  the  Western  Pennsylvania  Hospital  (the  insane  department  of  which  is  now  called 
Dlxmont  Hospital)  contain  sections  authorizing  removal  of  certain  classes  of  persons  from  hospital  to  prison  of  proper  county  or  penitentiary  from  which  they  were  sent, 
provided  that  aft€r  an  inquiry  by  the  controlling  board  (or  in  the  ease  of  Dixmont  Hospital,  a  quorum  of  such  board),  with  the  aid  of  principal  physician,  the  majority 
of  such  board  or  quonim,  including  the  physician,  are  satisfied  that  there  are  no  reasonable  prospects  of  his  recovery  in  the  hospital.  The  classes  to  which  the 
soctlonsspeciflcally  apply  are:  Persons  acquitted  on  ground  of  insanity;  indicted  persons  who  upon  arraignment  or  during  trial  were  found  insane;  persons  charged  with 
crime  wiio  were  found  insane  when  brought  before  court  to  be  discharged  for  want  of  prosecution;  and  persons  who  were  removed  to  hospital  from  penitentiary  or  prison. 
'"  According  to  a  law  approved  Aug.  is,  1910,  amending  the  sections  of  the  General  Laws  summarized  in  the  table,  the  Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections  is 
authorized  to  establish  an  insane  ward  at  the  state  prison,  and  persons  acquitted  of  criminal  charge  on  ground  of  insanity  and  persons  found  insane  while  awaiting 
tri:il  or  imprisoned  after  con\iction  of  any  crime  are  to  be  committed  to  this  ward  or  to  state  hospital  for  insane.  This  law  also  amends  the  provisions  for  the  transfer 
of  persons  from  prison  or  Jail  t«  institutions  for  iiLsane  by  substituting  "presiding  justice  of  the  superior  court,  or  in  his  absence  any  justice  of  the  superior  court"  for 
"justice  of  the  supreme  court." 

20  See  also  Table  13.  Ac^^ording  to  a  law  approved  Mar.  17,  1910,  if  any  person  charged  with  or  indicted  for  any  crime  is  found  insane  at  time  of  trial,  court  must 
order  him  comraitlofl  to  the  department  for  criminal  iasane  at  the  proper  hospital,  to  be  kept  until  he  becomes  sane.  If  prior  to  the  time  for  trial  of  any  person  under 
complaint  or  indictment  for  any  crime, either  the  court  or  the  attorney  for  the  commonwealth  has  reason  to  believe  that  such  person  is  in  such  mental  condition  that  his 
confinement  in  a  hospital  for  insane  is  necessary  for  proper  care  and  observation,  court  may  commit  him  to  department  for  criminal  insane  under  such  limitations  as  it 
may  order,  pending  detemiination  of  his  men{:d  condition,  and  in  such  case  court  may  appoint  1  or  more  experts  in  insanity,  or  other  qualified  physicians,  not  to 
exceed  3,  to  examine  defendant  before  commitment  is  ordered.  If  any  such  person  is  in  opinion  of  superintendent  not  insane,  or  when  such  person,  if  insane,  has 
been  restored  to  sanity,  he  must  be  brought  back  immediately  to  jail  or  custody  from  which  he  was  removed,  (o  be  dealt  with  according  to  law. 

•1  According  to  law  now  in  force,  commitment  in  such  cases  must  be  made  to  hospitiil  for  criminal  insane.  This  institution,  which  according  to  an  act  approved 
July  6,  1911,  was  to  he  a  component  part  of  Wisconsin  State  Prison,  was  created  a  separate  institution  by  an  act  approved  May  27,  1913. 

Provisions  as  to  the  plea  of  insanity  in  criminal  cases  are  summarized  in  the  following  table: 
Table  11,— PROVISIONS  CONCERNING  PLEA  OF  INSANITY  IN  CRIMINAL  CASES. 


Provisions  concerning  plea  of  insanity. 


Alabama.. 


Indiana... 


Nebraska . 


When  defense  of  insanity  is  set  up  in  a  criminal  prosecution, 
it  must  be  by  speciarplea,  in  substance  "Not  guilty  by 
reason  of  insanity,"  interposed  at  time  of  arraignment  and 
entered  of  rei^ord  upon  docket  of  court.  Such  plea  does 
not  preclude  plea  of  general  issue,  which  must  not  put  in 
issue  question  of  irresponsibility  of  accused,  by  reason  of 
alleged  insanity,  this  question' being  triablo  only  under 
special  plea. 

When  defendant  desires  to  plead  that  he  was  insane  at  time 
of  crime,  he  or  his  counsel  must  set  up  such  a  defense  special- 
ly in  writing  and  prosecuting  attorney  may  reply  by  a 
general  denial  in  WTitmg. 

riea  of  not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity  or  mental  derange- 
ment may  be  made ;  defense  of  insanity  may  be  raised  under 
general  plea  of  not  guilty. 


Provisions  concerning  plea  of  insanity. 


New  Hampshire. 

New  York 

Washington  > 

Wisconsin  * 


Plea  of  not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity  or  menta  1  derangement 
may  be  :iccepted"  by  state's  counsel  or  may  be  found  true 
by  verdict  of  jury.  ' 

Person  in  confinement  under  indictment  may  oiTer  plea  of 
insanity  upon  arraignment,  as  a  specification  under  plea  of 
not  guilty. 

Plea  of  insanity  at  time  of  crime,  asserting  whether  or  not 
insanity  continues,  must  be  filed  as  an  additional  plea  at 
time  of  pleading  not  guilty,  or  may  be  interposed  subse- 
quently before  cause  is  submitted  to  jury,  if  it  is  proved 
that  insanity  of  defendant  was  not  before 'known  to  person 
authorized  to  interpose  plea. 

Plea  of  insanity  at  time  of  crime  must  be  first  tried  as  special 
issue.  If  jury  disagrees  upon  trial  of  special  issue,  question 
of  insanity  involved  in  such  issue  must  be  tried  and  de- 
termined by  jury  with  plea  of  not  guilty. 


»  The  provision  summarized  is  contained  in  the  law  of  1907  refen-ed  to  in  Table  12,  note  18. 

2  The  provision  summarized  has  been  amendeilsoasto  prescril>3  that  plea  of  insanity  at  time  of  crime  be  tried  and  determined  as  a  special  issue  with  plea  of  not  guilty. 


PERSONS    ACQUITTED. 

In  Table  12  the  provisions  ivgarding  the  verdict 
and  subsequent  procedure  in  the  case  of  persons  ac- 
quitted of  crinunal  charges  on  the  ground  of  insanity 
are  summarized.  When  sucli  ])ors(>ns  are  sent  to 
a  hospital,  they  are,  of  com*se,  held  there  as  insane 
instead  of  as  criminals  and,  unless  specific  provisions 
as  to  their  discharge  aj)pear  in  the  laws,  they  are  sub- 
ject to  the  same  conditions  in  this  respect  and  with 
respect  to  habeas  corpus  pro<»oedings  as  other  insane 


pei-sons.  The  only  provisions  for  discharge  noted  in 
Table  12  are  those  which  specifically  relate  to  acquitted 
pei^sons. 

In  Massachusetts  special  procedm*e  is  prescribed  in 
the  case  of  persons  acquitted  of  murder  and  man- 
slaughter, and  in  Indiana  and  Michigan  in  the  case  of 
persons  acquitted  of  felonies. 

It  will  be  noted  that  in  Georgia  and  North  Carolina 
])ersons  acquitted  of  capital  crimes  may  not  be  dis- 
charged except  by  act  of  the  legislature. 


94 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  12.— PERSONS  ACQUITTED  OF  CRIMINAL  CHARGE  ON  GROUND  OF  INSANITY. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  see  p.  96-1 


Verdict. 


Trocedureiipon  acquittal. 


Alabama., 
Arizona . . , 


Arkansas.. 
California. 


Colorado  I... 
Connecticut. 


If  it  appears  that  defendant  did  act  charged,  but 
was  insane  at  that  time,  verdict  mu.st  be  "not 
guilty  by  reason  of  insanity." 

Not  guilty  by  reason olinsamty 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. 
Not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity 


Court  must  ascertain  whether  insanity  continuej  and  if  it  does  must  order  acquitted 
person  sent  to  hospital. 

Court  may  order  jury  summoned  from  ury  list  o'  county  to  inquire  whether  insanity 
continues  and  may  cause  witnesses  to  be  summoned  and  direct  district  attorney 
(since  1912  county  attorney)  to  conduct  proceedings.  Counsel  may  appear  for  defenfi- 
ant.  Court  may  direct  sherilf  to  take  defendant  and  retain  him  m  custody  until 
question  of  continuing  insanity  is  determined.  Jf  defendant  is  lonnd  insane  by  jury, 
he  must  be  committed  by  sherilf  to  state  insane  asylum;  if  lound  sane,  he  must  be 
discharged. 

Upon  presentation  of  certificate  from  judge  stating  that  person  has  been  acquitted  upon 
plea  of  insanity  superintendent  of  btate  Hospital  for  Nervous  Diseases  must  admit 
person  to  hospital  and  i.eep  him  there  until  hjj  recovery. 

Court  may  order  jury  summoned  from  jury  list  of  county  to  inquire  whether  insanity 
continues  and  may  cause  wimesses  to  be  summoned  and  direct  district  attorney  to 
conduct  proceedings.  Counsel  may  appear  .or  defendant.  Court  may  direct  sheriff 
to  tat.e  deiendant  and  retain  him  m  custody  until  question  of  continuing  insanity  is 
determined,  li  deiendant  is  lound  insane  by  jury,  he  must  be  committed  by  sheriff 
lo  scale  insane  asylum;  if  found  sane,  he  must  be  discharged. 


Delaware. 


District  of  Columbia. 


Florida. 

Georgia* 
Idaho . . . 


niJDois. 


Indiana^. 


Iowa 

Kansas  6.. 


Kentucky. , 
Louisiana. 


Uaine., 


Maryland  i 

Uassachusetts. . 


If  defense  of  insanity  i*?  established  to  satisfac- 
tion of  jurv  and  fact  charged  is  proved,  verdict 
must  bo  ''not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity." 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . . 
Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. 


Not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity., 


If  it  appears  from  evidence  that  act  was  com- 
mitted as  charged  and  accused  was  insane, 
groimd  of  acquittal  and  finding  as  to  recovery 

must  be  stated. 


Fact  of  Insanity  must  be  found  by  jury  or  by 
court  if  trial  is  by  court.  If  defendant  is  ac- 
cused of  felony,  fUiding  must  be  made  both  as 
to  insanity  at  time  of  act  charged  and  as  to 
whether  he  committed  act. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. . 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. . 


When  jury,  upon  general  issue  of  not  guilty, 
acquits  person  on  account  of  insanity,  ground 
of  acquittal  must  be  stated. 

Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated 


Court  may  commit  acquitted  person  to  a  state  hospital  lor  insane  for  a  specified  term, 
unless  some  person  gives  bond  to  confme  him  ,n  manner  court  directs.    If  acquitted 
p'Tson  has  estate,  court  must  appoint  overseeer   for  such   person.     After  confine- 
ment in  state  hospitalj  acquitted   person  or  officers   of  institution    may  petition 
superior  court  of  county  m  which  person  Ls  confined  for  his  relea.:;e.    Petition  must  bo 
servedupon  various  specified  persons,  includin^stale'sattorney  of  county  where  trial  was 
held,    touch  state's  attorney  must  appear  uud  represent  the  state.     Court   makes 
order  as  to  disposal  of  patient.    If  patient  is  found  insane  at  expiration  of  specified 
term  lor  which  committed  to  hospital,  supermtendent  of  hospital  must  notify  state's 
attorney  of  county  where  trial  was  held,  who  must  procure  Irom  such  court  or  judge 
of  such  court  an  order  lor  lurther  commitment  of  patient  until  his  recovery. 
Upon  motion  of  attorney  general  court  may  order  person  committed  by  sheriff  to  beeper 
Oi  almshouse  of  county  where  case  was  tried  or  county  of  residence  of  acquitted  per- 
son or  court  may  order  person  placed  in  any  institution  for  insane  in  the  United  States, 
appointing  a  trustee  to  couiract  with  institution.     The  court  of  general  sessions  of 
county  where  case  was  tried  may  order  release  whenever  satisfied  that  public  safety 
will  not  be  thereby  endangered  or  may  order  removal  to  almshouse  of  county  in  which 
person  resided  at  time  of  act  charged  or  of  county  where  act  was  committed. 
Court  may  certify  fact  that  accused  was  acquitted  on  ground  of  insanity  to  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  who  may  order  person  confined  in  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane. 
Person  whose  sanity  is  in  question  is  entitled  to  his  bill  of  exceptions  and  an  appeal 
as  in  other  cases. 
If  court  considers  that  discharge  or  going  at  large  of  insane  person  would  be  dangerous, 
it  must  order  him  to  be  committed  to  jail  or  oiherwise  to  be  cared  for  as  an  insane  per- 
son, or  may  commit  him  to  care  of  friends  giving  satisfactory  security;  otherwise  he 
must  be  discharged. 
"When  person  has  been  committed  to  State  Sanitarium,  if  crime  was  capital,  he  must 
not  be  discharged  Irom  sanitarium  except  by  special  act  of  legislature;  if  crime  was 
not  capital,  he  may  be  discharged  by  warrant  or  order  from  governor. 
Courtmay  order  jury  to  be  summoned  Irom  jury  Hit  of  county  to  inquire  whether  insanity 
continues  and  may  direct  sheritf  to  Keep  acquitted  person  in  custody  until  determina- 
tion of  question.    Court  may  cause  witnesses  to  be  summoned  and  direct  prosecuting 
attorney  to  conduct  proceedings;  counsel  may  appear  for  acquitted  person.    If  jury 
finds  person  insane,  he  must  be  committed  by  sheriif  to  state  insane  asylum.    If  jury 
finds  hira  sane,  he  must  bo  discharged. 
If  jury  finds  person  has  not  entirely  or  permanently  recovered,  court  must  have  person 
committed  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  to  remain  untilhis  recovery;  otherwise  he  must 
be  discharged.     State's  attorney  in  charge  of  cose  must  notify  superintendent  of  hos- 
pital to  which  accused  is  sent  of  fact  that  person  was  acquitted  of  crime  on  plea  of  in- 
sanity.    If  superintendent  discharges  accused  at  any  time,  he  must  notify  state's  at- 
torney and  give  reasons. 
If  crime  was  murder,  attempt  at  murder,  rape,  attempt  at  rape,  highway  robbery,  or 
arson,  judge  of  court  trying  case  must  order  acquitted  person  removed  to  hospital  for 
insane  criminals,  to  remJiin  until  he  recovers  and  is  adjudged  by  medical  superintendent 
and  Board  of  Administration  a  fit  subject  to  be  discharged. 
Defendant  must  be  proceeded  against  on  charge  of  insanity.     Proceedings  must  conform 
to  those  prescribed  for  admission  of  insane  to  a  general  state  asylum  for  insane,*  but  no 
preliminary  statement  in  wTitingis  required.     Verdict  of  jury  or  finding  of  court  which 
tried  case  is  prima  facie  evidence  of  insanity. 
In  case  of  male  accused  of  a  felony,  if  finding  of  court  or  jury  is  against  defendant  as  to 
commitmentof  actcharged,  but  in  favor  of  him  on  plea  of  insanity,  he  must  be  com- 
mitted by  order  of  comt  to  Indiana  Hospital  for  Insane  Criminals. 
If  defendant  is  in  custody  and  his  discharge  is  found  to  be  dangerous  to  public  peace  and 
safety,  court  must  order  him  confined  in  insane  hospital  or  retained  in  custody  until 
he  becomes  sane. 
In  cases  where  person  is  sent  to  a  state  hospital,  county  attorney  in  charge  of  case  must 
notify  superintendent  of  hospital  that  person  was  acquitted  on  plea  of  insanity.     If 
superintendent  at  any  time  discharges  patient,  he  must  notify  county  attorney  and 
give  reason. 
If  court,  after  hearing  any  testimony  ofl'ered  by  commonwealth  or  defendant,  is  satisfied 
that  person  is  insane  at  time  verdict  is  rendered,  it  may  order  him  to  be  taken  to  an 
insane  asylum. 
If  court  deems  discharge  and  going  at  large  of  acquitted  person  dangerous  to  safety  of  citi- 
zens or  peace  of  state,  court  may  commit  person  to  state  insane  hospital  or  any  similar 
institution  iu  any  parish  within  jurisdiction  of  court  ^  to  be  kept  until  he  recovers  or 
is  otherwise  delivered  by  due  course  of  law. 
Court  by  a  precept  stating  fact  of  insanity,  may  commit  acquitted  person  to  insane  hos- 
pital.   A  i>erson  so  committed  may  be  discharged  from  institution  oy  court  having  juris- 
diction of  case  or  by  any  justice  of  supreme  judicial  court,  upon  satistictory  proof  tliat 
discharge  will  not  endanger  peace  and  saiety  of  community,  or  he  may  be  committed 
by  such  justice  to  custody  of  any  friend  giving  approved  bond  to  judge  of  probiite  for 
coimty  in  v.-hioh  hospital  is  located  for  his  safe-'-:eeping  and  payment  of  damages  anyone 
may  sustain  by  his  acts.     If  person  so  discharged  is  found,  upon  satisfiictory  proof,  to 
De  aga?n  daneerously  insane,  any  justice  of  supreme  judicial  court  may,  by  a  pfccopt 
stating  fact  of  insanity,  recommit  h  im  to  insane  hospital  from  which  he  was  discharged. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 


Coiirt,  if  satisfied  that  acquitted  person  is  insane,  may  order  him  committed  to  a  state 
insane  hospital  under  such  limitations  as  may  seem  proper.  If  act  committed  wa'j 
murder  or  manslaughter,  ( ourt  must  order  person  committed  for  life  to  a  state  msane 
hospital;  he  may  be  discharged  from  hospital  by  governor,  with  advice  and  consent  oi 
council,  when  governor  is  satisfied,  after  an  investigation  by  Stale  Board  of  Insanity 
that  discharge  will  not  be  dangerous  to  others. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


95 


Table  12.— PERSONS  ACQUITTED  OF  CRIMINAL  CHARGE  ON  GROUND  OF  INSANITY— Continued. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  see  p.  96.! 


Hkhigan. 


Minnesota. 


Mississippi. 
Missouri — 


Montana. 


Nebraska 

Nevada' 

New  Hampshire. 


Verdict. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. 


Ground  of  acquittal  and  finding  as  to  whether 
person  has  homicidal  tendencies  must  bo 
stated. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated  and  also 
finding  as  to  whether  accused  has  since  re- 
covered and  as  to  whether  he  Is  dangerous  to 
community. 

Ground  of  acquittal  and  finding  as  to  recovery 
must  be  stated. 


Not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity.. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated.. 
Groimd  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 


Procedure  upon  acquittal. 


If  discharge  or  points  at  large  of  person  acquitted  is  considered  manife^ly  dangerous  to 
peace  and  safety  of  community,  court  may  order  him  to  be  committed  to  prison  and 
to  be  Iccpt  there  until  further  order  of  court;  othenvise  he  mu?t  be  discharged. 

If  crime  charged  was  murder,  attempt  at  murder,  rape,  attempt  at  rape,  incest,  abduction, 
high^'ay  robbery,  or  arson,  or  attempt  to  do  great  bodily  harm,  court,  upon  receiving 
certification  of  acquittal  on  ground  of  insanity,  must  inquire  whether  msanity  con- 
tinues and,  if  it  does,  must  order  person  sent  to  State  Asylum  at  Ionia  (now  Ionia  State 
Hospital*. 

Court  must  commit  person  to  proper  f  tate  hospital,  which  in  the  case  of  persons  having 
homicidal  tendencies  is  hospital  for  dangerous  insane  (connected  with  St.  Peter  State 
Hospital).    A  person  thus  committed  to  a  hospital  may  not  be  released, except  upon 

.  order  of  court  that  committed  him  and  until  superintendent  of  hospital  certifier  to 
such  court  that  in  his  opinion  person  is  wholly  recovered  and  that  no  person  will  be  en- 
dangered by  his  discharge. 

If  jury  certifies  that  person  is  still  Insane  and  dangerous,  judge  must  order  him  conveyed 
to  one  of  the  state  asylums  lor  insane. 

In  case  iury  finds  person  not  permanently  recovered,  if  prisoner  is  not  a  poor  person  and 
court  believes  itunsafe  to  permit  him  to  go  at  large,  order  for  his  removal  to  a  state  hos- 
pital must  bo  entered  of  record:  if  prisoner  is  a  poor  person,  court  must  remand  him  to 
custody  of  sheriff  or  other  officer  of  court  to  be  held  until  county  court  rauses  him  to  be 
removed  to  hospital.  If  jury  finds  person  permanently  recovered,  ho  must  be  dis- 
charged from  custody. 

Court  may  order  jury  summoned  from  jury  list  of  cotmty  to  inquire  if  insanity  of  de- 
fendant fontinues  and  may  cause  witnesses  to  be  summoned  and  direct  county  attorney 
to  conduct  proceedings;  it  may  also  direct  sheriff  to  taVe  defendant  and  detain  him  in 
custody  until  question  of  continuing  insanity  is  determined.  If  defendant  is  found 
insane  at  time  of  acquittal,  court  must  order  sheriS  to  commit  him  to  insane  asylum; 
if  found  sane,  be  must  be  discharged. 

Court  must  order  defendant  committed  to  the  state  hospital  for  insane  untilhe  becomes 
sane  and  is  regularly  discharged. 


New  Jersey . 


New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Caroltaa. . 


North  Dakota; 
Ohio , 


Oklahoma 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania  " . 


Rhode  Island  >«. 


Bonth  Carolina ' 
South  Dakota. . 


Texas. 
Utah.. 


Vermont. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. , 
Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . . 
Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 


Not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity 

Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. . 
Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated.. 


Court,  if  of  opinion  that  it  Is  daneerous  for  person  to  be  at  large,  may  commit  htm  to  prison 
or  asylum  for  insane,  to  remain  until  discharged  by  due  course  of  law.  Governor  and 
council  or  supreme  court  may  disrharge  any  such  person  from  pri.son. 

Court  must  ascertain  whether  insanity  continues,  and,  if  it  doe.s.must  order  person  in  safe 
custody  and  to  be  sent  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane.  Patient  may  be  discharged  by 
order  of  one  of  the  justices  of  the  supreme  eoiut  if,  upon  due  investigation,  it  appears 
safe,  legal,  and  right  to  make  such  order.a 

Court  may  order  person  kept  in  strict  custody  in  place  specified  by  court  while  insanity 
continues. 

Court,  if  defendant  is  in  custody  and  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous  to  public  peace 
or  safety,  must  order  him  committed  to  state  insane  asylum  until  his  recovery. 't» 

Court  which  tried  case  must  detain  person  in  custody  pending  an  inquisition  into  his 
sanity  and  must  notify  person  of  date  of  inquisition.  Judge  must  cause  witnesses  to 
be  summoned  and,  if  upon  inquisition  judge  finds  person  to  be  dangerous  to  himself 
or  others,  he  must  commit  him  to  the  hospital  for  dangerous  insane.  Upon  his  recov- 
ery, authorities  having  charge  of  person  must  notify  sheriff  of  county  from  which  he 
came,  who  must  order  that  he  appear  before  judge  of  superior  court  of  district  to  be 
dealt  with  according  to  law.  No  person  who  has  been  charged  with  capital  felony 
may  be  discharged  from  the  hospital  unless  by  an  act  of  general  assembly.  No  per- 
son who  has  been  charged  with  a  lesser  crime  may  be  discharged  except  upon  order  of 
governor. 

Court,  if  defendant  is  in  custody  and  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous  to  public  peace 
or  safety,  may  order  him  to  be  committed  to  the  state  hospital  for  insane  or  to  such 
person  or  persons  as  court  may  direct,  to  remain  until  h?  becomes  sane. 

Person  must  be  delivered  to  probate  court  to  be  proceeded  against  on  the  ground  of  In- 
sanity, and  the  verdict  is  prima  facie  evidence  of  insanity.  If  he  is  committed  to  an 
asylum  and  later  recovers  his  sanity,  superintendent  must  notify  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  proper  count  v.  Unless  prosecuting  attorney  causes  a  capias  to  be  Issued,  super- 
intendent must  discharge  patient. 

Court,  if  defendant  is  in  custody  and  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous  to  public  safety, 
may  order  him  to  be  committed  to  state  insane  asylum  or  to  such  persons  as  court  may 
direct  to  remain  until  ho  becomes  sane.'^ 

Court,  if  it  deems  person's  being  at  largo  dangerous  to  public  peace  or  safety,  must  order 
him  to  be  committed  to  any  insane  asylum  authorized  by  the  state  to  receive  such 
persons,  to  remain  until  he  becomes  sane  or  is  othenvise  discharged  by  authority  of  law. 

Court  must  order  prisoner  committed  to  some  place  of  confinement  "for  safe-keening  or 
treatment.  If.  after  a  confinement  of  3  months,  any  law  judge  is  satisfied  by  evidence 
presented  to  him  that  prisoner  has  recovered  and  that  the  paroxysm  of  insanity  in 
which  (he  criminal  act  was  committed  was  the  only  one  he  had  ever  experienced,  he 
may  order  his  unconditional  discharge.  If  it  appears  that  such  paroxysm  of  insanity 
was  preceded  by  at  least  one  other,  court  may  appoint  a  giiardian  and  commit  pris- 
oner to  his  care;  but  In  case  of  homicide  or  attempted  horaii'ide.  prisoner  m:\y  not  be 
discharged  imless.  In  the  opinion  of  the  suoerintendent  and  three-fourths  of  the  mana- 
gers of  the  hospital  and  the  court  before  which  he  was  tried,  he  has  recovered  and  may 
safely  be  at  large." 

Court,  i  it  deems  person's  discharge  dangerous  to  public  peace,  must  notify  governor, 
who  may  cause  him  to  be  removed  to  the  state  asylum  'or  inrane  or  other  institution 
for  insane  either  within  or  without  the  state,  to  remain  during  continuance  of  his 
insanity. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated., 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 
Not  guilty  by  reason  of  insanity 


Court,  if  defendant  is  in  custody  and  it  deems  his  discharge  dangerous  to  public  peace  or 
iafety,  may  order  him  to  be  committed  to  the  hospital  for  insane  or  to  care  of  such  per- 
son or  persons  as  court  may  direct,  to  reratdn  until  he  becomes  sane,  is 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated., 


Virginia.. 


Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated . 


District  court  may  submit  question  of  person's  insanity  to  a  jurv.  If  he  is  found  insane, 
and  court  deems  his  freedom  a  menace  to  public  quietude,  judge  must  order  sheriff  to 
commit  him  to  State  Mental  Hos|jitaluntiJ  he  becomes  sane.  If  person  isfound  sane, 
he  must  bo  discharged. 

If  discharro  or  going  at  larce  of  person  is  considered  dangerous  to  commtmity,  court  may 
order  him  confined  in  state  prison  or  state  hosnital  for  insane  or  in  some  other  suitable 
place.  1  erson  confined  by  such  an  order  may  be  discharged  only  bv  order  of  county 
court  for  county  in  which  order  was  made,  upon  petition  served  upon  state's  attorney 
for  that  countv. 

Court  must  order  person  sent  to  a  state  asylum." 


96  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  12.— PERSONS  ACQUITTED  OF  CRIMINAL  CHARGE  ON  GROUND  OF  INSANITY— Continued. 


STATE. 

Verdict                                                                                         Procedure  upon  acquittal. 

Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated,  toother  1  IT  'urv  finds  that  insanity  contuiues  or  that  there  is  such  likelihood  of  a  recurrence  as  to 

West  Vireinin 

with  finding  as  to  whether  defendant's  Insan- 
ity continues  or  there  is  such  likelihood  of  a  re- 
cmrence  that  he  is  not  a  safe  person  to  be  at 
large. 
Ground  of  acquittal  must  be  stated 

render  acquitted  person  unsafe  to  be  at  large,  court  must  order  him  committed  to  insane 
ward  of  penitentiary  until  legally  discharged.^^ 

Court,  if  it  deems  person  dangerous,  may  order  him  committed  to  jail  until  he  can  be  sent 

Wisconsin".,  .  .           

Ground  of  acquittal  and  finding  as  to  whether 
defendant  is  sane  at  time  of  trial  must  be  stated. 

to  hospital  for  insane.** 
If  jury  finds  person  is  insane  at  time  of  trial,  coiu^t  must  order  him  committed  to  a  state 

hospital  for  insane;  otherwise  he  must  be  discharged. 

NOTES  TO  T.VBLE  1.!. 

'  The  only  provisions  relating  to  the  acquittal  of  persons  on  tlic  ground  of  insanity  consist  of  ( I )  a  section  spocifyins;  among  the  classfs  ot  patients  to  be  conttucil  in  the 
criminal  ward  of  the  stat«  insane  asylum  persons  acquitted  of  high  ci-imes  or  misdemeanors  on  the  ground  ot  insanity  who  are  adjudged  by  court  trying  offense  as  dangerous 
persons  to  be  at  largn,  and  (2)  a  section  stating  that  a  lunatic  or  msano  person  without  lucid  Intervals  must  not  bo  found  guilty  of  any  crime  or  misdemeanor  witii  which 
he  may  be  charged^  provided  tlie  act  charged  was  committed  in  the  condition  of  insanity. 

•  See  provisions  summarized  in  Table  10,  which  apparently  relate  to  plea  of  insanity  at  time  of  trial. 

>  The  sections  summarized  in  this  tabic  were  repealed  in  1913  (Mar.  15)  bv  a  law  with  provisions  somewhat  as  follows: 

Verdict.— When  a  plea  of  insanity  Ls  intcrpo.'ied  as  a  defense,  jury  or  conrl,  if  trial  Is  by  court,  must  find  whether  accused  committed  act  charged,  and  it  so,  whether 
he  was  insane  at  time  of  crime  and  whether  not  guilty  because  oif  insanity  at  time  of  crime. 

Procedure  upna  acquiilat. —Cnurt  must  find  as  to  defendant's  sanity  a't  time  of  trial.  If  he  finds  that  defendant  b  then  insane  or  that  recurrence  of  attacli  of  Insanity 
is  highly  probable,  he  must  order  defendant,  if  a  male,  committed  to  Indiana  Hospital  for  Insane  (.'riminals,  and  if  a  female,  to  any  ha^piial  of  state  where  female  insane 
are  confined.  After  6  months  Irora  date  ot  commitment  persou  so  confined  may  apply  for  discharge  in  court  from  which  committed,  and  discharge  must  be  ordered  if  court 
is  convinced  of  recovery  and  that  recurrence  of  attack  Is  improbable.  A  second  or  subsequent  application  fur  discharge  may  not  be  mi\de  within  i  years  ot  proviou* 
application. 

>  The  proceedings  referred  to  are  substantially  as  follows  (sec  Table  5):  The  ju.stioe  of  peace  of  the  county  must,  with  2  practicing  physicians,  visit  and  ex^mvae 
alleged  Insane  person  and  must  summon  these  examiners  and  witnesses  to  appear  before  him  at  a  specified  time.  Sworn  statements  by  examiners  and  by  medical  attendant 
of  person  in  question,  with  finding  of  justice,  must  be  transmitted  by  justice  to  cleric  of  circuit  court  of  county,  who,  it  person  was  found  insane,  must  apply  for  hb  admission 
toihe  insane  asvlum. 

'  I'rior  to  1911  there  appear  to  have  been  no  statutory  provisions  other  than  those  summarized.  The  following  provisions  were  enactsd  in  1911.  but  the  provisions 
noted  in  tlie  tai>le  have  not  been  repealed: 

Vrrdkt.—Whm  during  trial  of  person  on  an  indictment  or  information  evidence  is  introduced  to  prove  that  he  was  insane  at  time  of  crime  and  person  is  found  to  have 
been  insane  at  that  time  and  is  acquitted  on  that  ground,  jury  or  court,  as  the  case  may  lie,  must  so  state  in  verdict,  and  In  such  case  jury  must  pass  specially  on  question 
of  insanity. 

Procedure  vpon  acqulital.— Court  must  commit  person  to  state  asvlum  for  dangerous  iusaue,  from  which  he  may  not  be  liberated  except  upon  order  of  court  that  com- 
mitted him  and  until  superintendent  of  asylum  certifies  in  writing  to  such  court  that  in  his  opinion  person  is  wholly  recovered  and  no  person  will  be  in  danger  by  his 
discharge. 

«  Practically  the  same  provision  is  contained  in  a  law  of  1902,  which,  as  amended  in  1KI4,  provides  for  the  establishment  of  the  hospital  later  built  at  Pinevillc.  In  (hat 
provision,  however,  the  only  institution  mentioned  as  a  place  to  which  persons  acquitted  on  ground  of  insanity  may  tw  committed  is  the  hospitiil  to  which  the  act  relatis. 

'  See  Table  10  for  procedure  when  a  person  indicted  for  crime  or  misdemeanor  alleges  insanity  in  his  defense. 

» According  to  a  law  which  appears  for  the  first  time  in  the  Revised  Laws  ot  Nevada,  191J,  the  finding  of  a  jury  aeciuitting  a  person  on  ground  of  insanity  has  the  same 
force  as  if  he  were  regularly  adjudged  insane  and  judge  must  thereupon  order  him  confined  iu  the  Nevada  Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases  until  he  is  regularly  discharged  In 
accordance  with  law. 

'  Law  or  president  judge  of  court  of  common  pleas  of  any  county  has  concurrent  authority  with  judge  of  circuit  court  in  his  county  to  order  removal  ol  any  person 
charged  with  misdemeanor  and  acquitted  on  grotuid  of  insanity  to  one  of  state  hospitals  tor  Insane.  (See  Table  10,  note  11,  concerning  a  lawot  .\pr.  27, 1911,  providing  for 
a  house  of  detention  at  the  New  Jersey  State  Hospital  at  Trenton.) 

I"  See  Table  10.  note  1.5,  concerning  discharge  of  inmates  of  Matteawan  State  Hospital. 

n  The  Compiled  Laws  of  1909  also  contains  a  provision  to  the  effect  that  court  may  order  a  person  acquitted  because  of  insanity  to  be  committed  to  care  of  sheriff  untn 
he  becomes  sane. 

■2  See  Table  10,  note  18.  The  provlsioas  for  the  hospitals  referred  to  also  contain  sections  forbidding  commitment  to  cither  hosnltalof  persons  who  have  lieen  acquitted 
of  charge  of  homicide,  arson,  rape,  robtiery  or  burglary,  or  of  attempt  to  commit  any  of  these  offenses,  or  of  persons  sa  charged  but  not  proceeded  against  as  criminals 
because  ot  insanity,  unless,  in  the  case  of  the  Pennsylvania  State  Lunatic  Hospital,  the  court  is  satisfied  that  there  is  reason  lo  believe  that  such  person  may  be  speedily 
cured  hy  sending  him  to  the  hospital  or,  in  the  case  of  the  Western  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  the  jury  finds  by  its  verdict  that  there  is  reason  for  .such  belief. 

"  The  provisions  summarized  in  the  table  are  those  of  a  law  of  Apr.  20, 1869,  as  amended  by  a  law  of  Mar.  19, 1903.  The  following  provisions  regarding  procedure  upon 
acquittal  are  contained  in  a  Jaw  of  Mar.  31,  I860,  and  have  never  been  repealed: 

Court  may  order  person  kept  in  strict  custody  in  place  and  manner  deemed  advisable  by  court,  as  long  as  his  insanity  continues.  If  relatives  or  friends  of  any  such 
person,  or  guardians,  overseers,  or  supervisors  of  any  county,  township,  or  place  give  security  satisfactory  to  courts  that  such  person  will  be  restrained  from  the  commission 
of  any  ofleme,  court  may  order  him  discharged  to  their  custody. 

The  provisions  (from  a  lawof  1874)  which  aresummarized  in  Table  14,  page  101,  for  "Persons  imprisoned  after  conviction  of  any  crime"apply  alsoto  persons  acquitted  on 
account  of  insanity,  except  that  court  or  judge  to  act  in  such  cases  is  court  having  immediate  cognizance  of  crime  with  which  prisoner  is  charged,  or  any  law  judge  of  such 

According  to  a  law  of  1911,  as  amended  in  1913,  court  tiTing  case  may  release  from  custody  on  parole  any  person  charged  with  crime  and  acquitted  on  ground  ot  insanity, 
and  may  prescribe  such  conditions  of  release  as  it  may  deem  proper. 

»  See  Table  10,  note  19,  regardiug  law  of  Aug.  IS,  1910. 

'*  The  provisions  summarized  in  Table  10  may  apply  to  persons  acquitted  of  criminal  charge  on  .ground  of  insanity. 

'•According  to  a  law  of  1911  persoas  acquitted  of  criminal  charge  on  ground  of  insanity,  if  considered  dangerous  by  court,  must  Ije  committed  to  the  hospital  for  in.sane. 

"  See  also  Table  10. 

B  A  law  ot  1909  provided  that  no  person  should  be  acouitted  of  crime  because  of  insanity,  and  that  it  in  judgment  of  court  a  person  convicted  of  crime  was  msane  at 
lime  act  was  committed,  coiirt  should  proceed  in  manner  shown  in  Table  10  for  persons  believed  to  be  insane  at  time  of  conviction  or  sentence.  This  law  was  declared 
unconstitutional  in  September,  1910,  and  the  laws  of  1907,  as  summarized  in  the  table,  are  now  in  force. 

»  When  any  person  so  committed  claims  to  have  become  sane  and  free  from  danger  ol  a  relapse,  he  must  apply  to  physician  in  charge  of  criminal  Insane  for  an  exam- 
ination ot  his  mental  condition,  and  if  physician  certifies  to  superintendent  that  there  is  reasonable  cause  to  believe  that  person  has  become  sane  and  is  a  safe  pei-son  to  be 
at  large,  superintendent  must  permit  person  lo  present  to  court  that  committed  him  a  pelitiou  containing  a  statement  to  that  effect  and  asking  for  his  discharge.  The 
petition  must  be  sen-ed  upon  prosecuting  attorney  of  county,  whose  duty  it  is  to  resist  the  application,  and  isMie  must  be  tried  before  a  jury.  If  jury  finds  person  has 
recovered  as  specified  he  must  be  discharged;  otherwise  his  petition  must  be  dismissed  and  he  must  be  remitted  to  custody.  Either  party  may  appeal  to  supreme  court 
from  decision  of  jury  as  in  other  cases.  Should  such  person  again  become  insane  after  his  discharge,  prosecuting  attorney  of  county  may  file  petition  .setting  forth  I  he  fact. 
The  case  must  then  be  tried  before  a  jury,  but  burden  of  proof  lies  with  state:  appeal  may  be  made  by  either  party  lo  supreme  court,  as  in  other  cases.  The  prosecuting 
attorney  of  any  county  in  which  a  person  may  have  been  acquitted  of  a  crime  because  o(  insanity  may  cause  any  such  person  who  is  not  in  custody  to  be  brought  before 
superior  court  of  that  county  for  trial  as  to  question  of  his  sanity  by  filing  petition  in  name  of  state.    Either  party  may  appeal  to  supreme  court  as  in  other  cases. 

»  See  also  Table  10. 

■■'  The  provisions  summarized  in  the  table  were  amended  in  1911  and  1913  so  as  to  be  substantially  as  follows: 

Verdict. — Notguiltv  because  insane. 

Procedure  upon  acquiltnl.—CmiTl  must  order  person  committed  to  hospital  for  criminal  insane,  to  be  detained  and  treated  until  legally  discharged.  A  reexamination 
may  be  had  as  in  thecaseof  other  patients,  but  no  person  so  committed  may  be  released  unless  magistrate  or  jury  charged  withduty  of  passing  upon  his  sanity,  in  addition 
to  finding  him  sane  also  finds  that  he  is  not  likely  to  have  such  a  recurrence  of  insanity  as  would  result  in  acts  which,  but  for  insanity,  would  constitute  crimes. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


97 


PERSONS    WHO   ESCAPE    INDICTMENT. 

The  method  of   disposition  of   persons  who  have 
escaped  indictment  by  reason  of  insanity,  where  any 


specific  provision  is  made,  is  usually  the  same  as  for 
persons  acquitted  on  the  groimd  of  insanity,  as  is 
shown  by  the  following  table: 


Table  13.— PERSONS  WHO  ESCAPE  INDICTMENT  BY  REASON  OF  INSANITY. 


Procedure. 


Procedure. 


Alabama 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Mississippi 


New  Hampshire . 


(Procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

whenever  grand  jury,  after  making  inquiry  as  to  commission 
ofany  crime  or  misdemeanor,  ornits  to  find  a  bill  (because  of 
insanity  of  accused),  such  jury  must  so  certify  to  court. 
(Subsequent  procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

When  grand  jury  omits  to  find  an  indictment  against  any 
person  arrested  to  answer  for  an  offense,  by  reason  of  his 
msanity,  such  jury  must  so  certify  to  court  when  it  returns 
verdict'  (Subsequent  procedure  same  as  for  persons 
acquitted.) 

(See  Table  10,  third  group  of  persons  noted  for  Maryland.) 

If  grand  jury  does  not  indict  a  person  held  in  custody  on  a 
charge  of  crime,  by  reason  of  his  insanity,  such  jury  must  so 
certify  to  court.  [Subsequent  procedure  same  as  for  persons 
acquitted.  (See  Table  12,  first  sentence  under  "  Procedure 
upon  acquittal.")] 

AVhen  person  held  in  prison  on  a  charge  of  having  committed 
an  indictable  ollense  is  not  indicted  by  grand  jury,  by  reason 
of  insanity,  such  jury  must  so  certify  to  court.  (Subse- 
quent procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

When  a  person  is  held  in  prison  or  on  bail  charged  with  an 
offense  and  grand  jury  does  not  find  a  true  bill,  by  reason  of 
insanity  of  accused,  grand  jury  must  so  certify  to  circuit 
court  and  state  whether  condition  of  person  is  such  as  to 
endanger  security  of  persons  or  property  and  peace  and 
safety  of  community.  If  grand  jury  reports  such  unsound- 
ness of  mind  and  such  danger,  court  must  notify  chancellor 
or  clerk  of  chancery  court,  whose  duty  it  is  to  proceed  ac- 
cording to  law  relating  to  persons  of  unsound  mind. 
■WTiengrand  jury  omits  to  find  an  indictment  against  a  person 
for  the  reason  of  his  insanity  or  mental  derangement,  such 
jury  must  so  certify  to  court.  (Subsequent  procedure 
same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 


New  Jersey 

North  Carolina, 

Ohio 

Pennsylvania.. 


Utah.... 
Vermont 

Virginia. 


West  Virginia. 


(Procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

(Procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

(See  Table  10.  second  group  of  persons  noted  for  Ohio.) 

When  person  charged  with  offense  is  brought  before  court  to 
be  discharged  for  want  of  prosecution  and  by  oath  of  one  or 
more  crediblepersons  appears  to  be  insane,  court  must  order 
district  attorney  to  send  before  grand  jury  a  written  allega- 
tion of  such  insanity  in  the  nature  of  a  bill  of  indictment.  If 
accused  is  found  insane,  court  must,  after  giving  notice  to 
next  of  Idn  of  such  person,  order  jury  impaneled  to  try  ques- 
tion of  insanity.  If  such  jury  finds  person  insane,  proceed- 
ings may  be  had  as  in  case  of  a  person  found  insane  upon 
arraignment. 

(Procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted.) 

When  person  held  in  prison  on  a  charge  of  having  committed 
an  offense  is  not  indicted  by  grand  jury,  bv  reason  of  in- 
sanity, grand  jury  must  so  certify  to  court."  (Subsequent 
procedure  same  as  for  persons  acquitted. ) 

Wnen  person  in  jail  on  charge  of  having  committed  a  crimi- 
nal offense  appears,  from  a  certificate  of  a  grand  jury  or 
otherwise,  tosatisfactionofcourt  in  which  he  is  held,  to  have 
been  insane  at  time  of  commission  of  act,  and  continues  to 
be  insane,  courtmay  orderhim  tobesentto  one  of  the  state 
insane  asylums  or  to  be  delivered  to  his  friends. 

When  person  in  jail  on  charge  of  having  committed  an  indict- 
able offense  is  not  indicted  by  reason  of  insanity  at  time  of 
commission  of  act,  grand  jury  must  so  certify  to  court. 
Court  may  order  him  to  be  sent  to  hospital  for  insane  or  to 
be  discharged. 


SENTENCED    PRISONERS. 

The  procedure  prescribed  by  law  for  the  treatment 
of  prisoners  serving  time  or  sentenced  to  serve  tune 
who  become  or  appear  insane  is  shown  in  Table  14. 

As  will  be  seen  by  reference  to  Table  4,  six  states 
have  separate  hospitals  for  the  criminal  insane.  In  a 
number  of  other  states  there  are  departments  for  the 
criminal  insane  either  in  connection  with  the  state 


prison  or  penitentiary,  as  in  Iowa,  or  in  connection 
with  a  state  hospital,  as  in  Maine  and  New  Jersey. 
The  insane  who  are  kept  in  prisons  are  not  included  in 
the  statistics  given  in  this  report. 

Wlien  a  prisoner  is  transferred  to  a  hospital  for  the 
insane  or  to  a  special  w^ard  or  department  for  the  in- 
sane, it  is  customary  to  deduct  the  time  spent  there 
from  his  sentence,  although  this  is  not  expressly  stated 
in  the  laws  of  all  the  states. 


Table  14.— PRISONERS  SERVING  TIME  OR  SENTENCED  TO  SERVE  TIME  W^O  BECOME  OR  APPEAR  INSANE. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  102  and  103.] 


Alabama. 


Arizona. 


Arkansas. 


California.. 


Colorado . 


Persons  sentenced  to  or  imprisoned  in 
penitentiary  or  sentenced  to  or  con- 
finftd  at  hard  labor  for  coimty. 


Prisoners  in  state  prison.. 


Persons  convicted  of  misdemeanor  con- 
fined in  county  jail. 


Convicts  in  state  penitentiary  or  reform 
school. 


Convicts  in  stat«  prisons  . 


Convicts  in  prison.. 


Physician  in  charge  of  penitentiary  or  convicts  must  report 
to  governor,  who  appoints  3  persons,  including  the  phy- 
sician, to  examine  convict  and  report  result  to  governor. 
If  convit.  t  is  declared  insane,  governor  must  direct  proper 
officers  to  arrangeforadmission  of  convict  to  state  hospital. 

Prison  physician  must,  after  examination,  report  to  superin- 
tendent of  prison,  who  must  communicate  with  nearest 
local  authority  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Such  authority 
must  cause  an  examination  to  be  held  as  prescribed  by  law 
for  persons  alleged  to  be  insane.  If  prisoner  is  found  in- 
sane, officer  conducting  examination  must  commit  him  to 
care  of  superintendent  of  prison  for  immediate  transfer 
to  asylum  for  insane.  Person  in  charge  of  asvlum  must 
rejjort  condition  of  prisoner  quarterly  to  superintendent  of 
prison. 

Sheriff  must  notify  county  physician  immediately,  who 
must  examine  prisoner.  If  physician  believes  the  prisoner 
insane,  an  examination  into  his  sanity  must  be  held  as  pre- 
scribed by  law.  If  prisoner  is  found  insane,  he  must  be 
committed  to  the  insane  asylum. 

Penitentiary'  physirian,  if  he  ascertains  that  a  convict  is  in- 
sane, must  notify  superintendent  of  penitentiary,  who 
with  consent  of  penitentiary  board  must  transfer  ionvirt 
to  State  Hospital  for  Nerv'ous  Diseases. 


Warden  and  other  officers  designated  by  directors  to  act  in 
such  cases  must  make  examination:  and  if  they  are  con- 
vinced of  convict's  insanity  warden  must  certify  fact  to 
superintendent  of  a  state  asvlum  for  insane  and  mustsend 
convict  to  such  asylum  to  be  kept  until  cured. i  Warden 
must  send  copy  of'cerlificate  to  directors  of  prison. 

In  casoof  convict  in  penitentiary-,  commissioners  or  warden 
of  penitent  iarv  must  report  to  governor,  who  may  appoint 
commission  of  3  practicing  physicians  to  examuie  prisoner 
and  report  to  governor.  If  from  such  report  governor  be- 
lieves prisoner  is  insane  and  can  not  well  be  t^ken  care  of 
in  penitentiary,  he  must  order  prisoner  transferred  to  an 
insane  asylum. 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
proper  officers,  who  must  remove  patient 
immediatelv. 


When  so  far  recovered  as  to  be  able  to  con- 
tinue service  in  prison  without  further 
risk,  patient  must  be  returned  to  serve 
any  unexpired  time,  period  in  insane 
asylum  being  counted  as  though  served 
in  prison.  If  sentenceexpireswhilepris- 
oner  is  in  asylum,  superintendent  of 
prison  must  forward  him  his  legaJ  dis- 
charge from  prison. 


Supermlendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
superintendentof  penitentiary'  who  must 
take  convict  back  into  penitentiary. 
Time  spent  in  hospital  must  be  credited 
as  time  served  under  his  sentence  to 
penitentiary. 

Superintendent  of  asylum  must  notify  di- 
rectors of  prison  and  warden;  the  latter 
must  send  for  convict  and  receive  him 
back  into  prison.  Time  spent  at  asylum 
counts  as  part  of  convict's  sentence. 

In  case  of  convict  from  penitentiary  or  re- 
formatory, after  examination  has  been 
made  as  m  other  cases  of  lunacy  inquests, 
superintendent  of  asylum  must  notify 
warden  of  institution  in  which  patient 
was  formerly  confined,  who  must  transfer 
him  to  such  place  to  serve  out  any  unex- 
pired term  of  his  sentence. 


27622°— 14- 


98 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  14,— PRISONERS  SERVING  TIME  OR  SENTENCED  TO  SERVE  TIME  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR  INSANE— Contd. 

(For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  102  and  103.] 


Connecticut. 


Delaware  * 

District  of  Columbia 


Class  of  persons. 


Male  convicts  in  state  prison . 


Female  convicts  in  state  prison. 


Inmates  of  state  reformatory  ». 


Prisoners  in  common  jails. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Prison  physician  must  notify  warden,  who  must  remove 
convict  io  insane  ward  of  prison.  If  convict  is  insane  at 
time  of  discharge,  agent  of  Connecticut  Prison  Association 
must  receive  him  and  turn  him  over  to  authorities  liable 
for  his  care;  if  none  are  found,  he  must  be  cared  for  at  state 
expense  under  direction  of  association. 

Upon  receipt  of  report  from  prison  physician  and  consulting 
physician  •  of  prison,  warden  must  notify  governor,  who 
must  order  warden  or  any  proper  ofTicer  to  take  prisoner 
and  deliver  her  to  superintendent  of  a  state  hospital 
for  insane.  If  patient  is  insane  at  expiration  of  term, 
superintendent  must  notify  governor,  who  may  order  her 
further  detention  until  recovery. 

Physician  of  reformatory  must  notify  superintendent  of  re- 
formatory, who  must  report  to  governor.  Governor  must 
order  s  uperintendent  of  reformatory  or  any  proper  officer 
to  take  person  and  deliver  hlm'to  superintendent  of 
a  state  hospital  for  insane.  It  patient  is  insane  at  ex- 
piration of  term,  superintendent  must  notify  governor, 
who  may  order  his  further  detention  until  recovery. 

Jailer  must  notify  governor,  who  must  appoint  commission 
of  not  more  than  i  experts  to  examine  prisoner  and  report 
to  governor.  If  commission  finds  prisoner  insane  and 
governor  approves  its  report,  he  must  order  jailer  or  any 
proper  oflieer  to  transfer  person  to  a  state  hospital  for 
insane.  If  patient  is  insane  at  expiration  of  term,  super- 
intendent mustnotifygovemor,who  may  order  his  further 
coDJBLnement  until  recovery, 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Consulting  physician  of  prison  nrust  notify 
warden,  who  must  remove  prisoner  to 
ordinary  prison  wards. 


If  patient  recovers  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, superintendent  of  hospital  must 
notify  governor,  who  must  order  warden 
or  any  proper  officer  to  deliver  person  to 
proper  authorities  of  prison.  If  patient 
recovers  after  expiration  of  sentence,  she 
is  discharged  by  superintendent  of  hos- 
pital. 

If  patient  recovers  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, superintendent  of  hospital  must 
notify  governor,  who  must  order  superin- 
tendent of  reformatory  or  any  proper 
officer  to  deliver  pert^on  to  i>roper  au- 
thorities of  reformatory.  Tf  p;\tient  re- 
covers after  expiration  of  sentence,  he  is 
disehargedby  superintendent  of  hospital. 

If,  before  expiration  of  term,  superintend- 
ent of  hospital  beUeves  patient  has  re- 
covered, he  must  notify  governor,  who 
must  appoint  commission  of  not  more 
than  3  experts  to  examine  prisoner  and 
report  to  governor.  If  prisoner  is  re- 
ported no  longer  insane  and  governor 
approves  report,  he  must  order  jailer  or 
any  proper  ollicer  to  transfer  person  from 
hospital  to  jail.  If  patient  recovers  after 
expiration  of  sentence,  he  is  discharged 
by  superintendent  of  hospital. 


Florida. 


Georgia^ 

Idaho  6.. 
nUnois.. 


Persons  undergoing  sentence  of  any 
court  of  the  District  of  Coltmibia  for 
crime. 


Convicts  in  state  prison 

Convicts  sentenced  to  penitentiary.. 


Prisoner  may  be  committed  to  Government  Hospital  for  In- 
sane by  order  of  Secretary  of  Interior. 


Prison  physician  must  order  removal  to  prison  hospital  when 
he  believes  it  would  not  be  detrimental  to  other  inmates  of 
prison. 

Convict  must  be  removed  to  prison  farm  and  kept  there  dur- 
ing term  lor  which  sentenced,  or  until  cured. 


When  prisoner  sent  to  hospital  recovers, 
superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
justice  holding  criminal  court,  and  de- 
hver  prisoner  to  court  according  to  its 
proper  precept. 


(') 


Indiana. 


Convicts  in  penitentiaries. 


Convicts  in  reformatory  or  state  prison 
(males). 


Iowa. 


Kansas. 


Louisiana  ">. 


Women  committed  to  women's  prison 
and  girls  committed  to  Indiana  Girls' 
School. 

Convicts  in  penitentiary  or  reformatory . 


Persons  convicted  of  misdemeanor  and 
sentenced  to  i  mprisonment  in  jail. 


Convicts  in  penitentiary  s. 


Convicts  serving  sentence  in  state  peni- 
tentiary 


Warden  or  other  oflieer  in  charge  of  pententiary ,  upon  receiv- 
ing certification  of  insanity  by  physician  of  institution, 
must  examine  convict,  and  if  convinced  of  his  insanity, 
must  have  him  transferred  to  asylum  for  insane  criminals 
(atChester)toremainuntille'^allydischarge.d.  If  insanity 
fontinnes  after  expiration  of  sentence,  convict  must  be 
kept  in  asylum  imtil  adjudged  by  medical  sni^erintendent 
of  asylum  and  board  of  commissioners  of  penitentiary  a  fit 
subject  to  be  discharged:  he  may  be  delivered  to  relatives 
or  friends  who  give  security  for  his  good  beha\ior  and  main- 
tenance. 

Upon  notification  by  physician  of  institution,  chief  executive 
officer  of  institution,  if  convinced  of  insanity,  must  report 
to  governor,  who  must  direct  chief  officer  to  convene  a 
lunacy  commission  (composed  of  2  physicians  and  a  justice 
of  the  peace)  to  examine  into  mental  condition  of  prisoner 
and  report  to  chief  officer,  h3\ing  first  notified  the  next 
friend  or  nearest  relative  of  con\ict  and  secretary  of  State 
Board  of  Charities.  The  chief  offiicer  of  institution  must 
transmit  report  of  commission  to  governor,  who,  if  con- 
\incedofcoavict'sin3amty. must  orderchief  officer  to  trans- 
fer him  to  Indiana  Hospital  for  Insane  Criminals.  Convict 
must  be  detained  at  hospital  while  insanity  continues. 


Person  must  be  transferred  to  asylum  for  insane  in  manner 
prescribed  for  commitment  of  other  insane  persons.^ 

Governor,  upon  receipt  of  certificate  from  physician  of  insti- 
tution, must  order  convict  transferred  to  department  for 
insane  at  Anamosa,  to  remain  until  expiration  of  sentence 
or  recovery.  Upon  expiration  of  sentence,  an  examination 
must  be  made  by  competent  physicians, and  if  convict  is 
found  not  to  have  recovered ,  governor  must  be  notified. 
The  governor,  after  investigation,  may  order  transfer  of 
prisoner  to  one  of  hospitals  for  insane  or  may  order  his  re- 
tention in  (he  department  for  criminal  insane. 

Investigation  as  to  sanity  must  be  held  by  commissioners  of 
insanity.  If  prisoner  is  found  insane,  he  must  be  com- 
mitted to  deimrtment  for  criminal  insane  at  Anamosa. 


Wardenofpenitentiarymustnotifythephysician.who,  if  he 
deems  statement  of  insanity  true  must,  with  assistance  of 
2  nearest  residentphysiciaris,examine  into  facts.  If  they 
deem  person  insane,  they  must  so  certify  to  warden,  who 
must  cause  person  to  be  confined  in  insane  ward  of  peni- 
tentiary; or,ifboardofdirectorsof  penitentiary  3  consents, 
he  may  cause  convict  to  be  sent  to  asylum  for  insane  tore- 
main  until  his  recovery. 

Board  of  control  of  state  penitentiary  ii  must  present  petition 
to  district  court  where  penitentiary  is  located ,  stating  fact 
of  insanity  and  asking  for  interdiction  and  transfer  of  con- 
vict to  asylum  for  insane.  Judge  receiving  petition  must 
hear  and  determine  question  of  insanity,  and  if  satisfied 
from  evidence  that  convict  has  become  insane  during  im- 
prisonment, must  order  his  removal  to  asylum  for  insane. 


When  medical  superintendent  of  asylum, 
certifies  to  recovery,  con\ict  must  be 
transferred  to  penitentiary  from  which 
he  came.  (Apparently  relates  to  re- 
covery before  expiration  of  sentence.  For 
procedure  after  expiration  of  sentence, 
see  preceding  colunm.) 


If  recovery  occurs  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence or  maximum  limit  of  indeterminate 
sentence,  warden  and  physician  in  charge 
of  state  prison  must  notify  governor,  who 
if  convinced  of  recovery  of  prisoner,  must 
order  him  transferred  to  penal  institu- 
tion from  which  he  was  removed.  Time 
spent  in  asylum  must  be  credited  on  sen- 
teme.  If  recovery  occurs  after  expiration 
of  sentence  or  of  its  maximum  limit, 
warden  and  physician  of  state  prison 
must  notify  governor,  who,  if  convinced 
of  recovery  of  prisoner,  must  order  his 
discharge  by  warden. 


If  recovery  occurs  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, convict  must  be  held  at  Anamosa 
to  serve  out  unexpired  sentence. 


Person  in  charge  of  department  for  crim- 
inal insane  must  notify  sheriff  and  county 
attorney  of  proper  county.  Sheriff  must 
receive  and  hold  prisoner  until  he  is 
legally  discharged  by  district  court  or 
judge. 

If  convict  sent  to  asylum  for  insane  recovers 
before  ex[)iration  of  sentence,  superin- 
tendent must  notify  warden,  who  must 
immediately  take  convict  into  his  charge. 


Convict  must  be  returned  to  penitentiary 
to  serveoutunexpired  portion  of  sentence, 
expired  portion  being  reckoned  from  time 
when  sentence  began  in  penitentiary. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


99 


Table  14,— PRISONERS  SERVING  TIME  OR  SENTENCED  TO  SERVE  TIME  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR  INSANE— Contd. 

[For  uotes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  102  and  103.] 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Maine. 


Maryland  I «., 


Massacbusett.-^ 


Michigan  " . 


Convicts  in  state  prison . 


Convicts  in  county  jails. 


Convicts  in  penitentiary,. 


Prisoners  in  state  prison,  Massachu- 
setts Reformatory,  Reformatory  Prison 
for  Women,  or  prison  camp  or  hospital 
in  Rutland. 


Prisoners  under  sentence  in  other  pris- 
ons (including  jails  and  houses  of  cor- 
rection.) 


Inmates  of  stale  prison,  state  house  of 
correction,  Michigan  Reformatory, 
or  Detroit  House  of  Correction. 


Convicts  in  county  jails. 


Inmates  of  Industrial  School  for  Boy; 
and  State  Industrial  Home  for  Oirls. 


When  warden  believes  a  convict  has  becomeinsane,  he  must 
notify  prison  physician,  who  must  investigate,  and  if  he 
findscoiivict  insane  must  certify  fact  to  warden.  Warden 
must  then  apply  to  judge  of  municipal  court  for  city  of 
Rockland  for  an  inquiry,  who  must  appoint  time  and 
place  for  hearing,  following  pmctically  the  same  procedure 
as  for  commitment  of  an  insane  person  not  a  convict,  ex-  ; 
cept  that  judge  is  required  in  addition  to  appoint  guardian 
ad  litem  and  mayalsoappointcounsel  for  convict.  If  upon 
evidenceathearingjudgedetermines  that  convict  is  insane 
and  that  his  comfort  and  safety  or  that  of  others  will 
thereby  be  promote!,  he  must  commit  him  to  building 
fur  criminal  insane  at  Augusta  Hospital  for  Insane  to  re- 
main until  ho  recovers  or  is  discharged  by  law.'s 

When  keeper  believes  a  convict  has  become  insane,  he  must 
notify  physician  appointed  by  the  governor  to  act  as  exam- 
iner of  insane  convicts  in  county  jail,i>*  who  must  investi- 
gate, and  if  he  finds  convict  insane,  must  certify  fact  to 
keeper.  Keeper  must  then  apply  for  an  inquirvtojudgeof 
nearest  municipal  court  in  county  or,  if  there  is  none,  to  a 
judge  of  the  supreme  judicial  court,  who  must  follow  the 
procedure  indicated  above  for  convicts  in  state  prison ,  ex- 
cept that  commitment  may  be  made  to  either  of  the  state 
hospitals. '2 

Whenever  board  of  directors  deems  it  necessary  they  may 
summon  the  Lunacy  Commission  to  examine  into  mental 
condition  of  convict.  If  convict  is  adjudged  insane  by 
commission  or  a  majority  of  its  members,  and  his  removal  is 
deemed  advisable,  commission  must  make  cumplaint  to 
judge  of  criminal  court  of  Baltimore,  who  is  empowered  to 
order  removal  of  convict  to  someinsane  asylum  within 
state. 

Warden  or  superintendent  must  notify  one  or  both  of  the 
experts  in  insanity  designated  by  State  Board  of  Insanity 
to  examine  prisoners  in  these  institutions  who  are  alleged 
to  be  insane.  Such  expert  or  experts  must,  with  physician 
of  prison,  examine  prisoner  anil  report  result  to  superior 
courtly  of  county  in  which  prison  is  situated.  If  upon 
such  report  court  believes  prisoner  insane  and  his  removal 
expedient,  it  must  issue  warrant  to  warden  or  superin- 
tendent authorizing  him  to  cause  removal  of  prisoner,  if  a 
male,  to  Bridgewater  State  Hospital  and,  if  a  female,  to 
one  of  the  other  state  hospitals  for  insane.  When  super- 
intendentand  tnisteesof  hospital  determine  that  prisoner 
should  be  returned  to  prison,  they  must  so  certify  upon 
the  warrant;  and  notice,  with  statement  as  to  mental 
condition  of  prisoner,  must  be  given  to  warden  or  superin- 
tendent of  prison,  who  must  thereupon  cause  prisoner  to 
be  reconveyed  to  prison  to  remain  pursuant  to  original 
sentence.  Time  of  detention  or  confinement  in  hospital  is 
computed  as  part  of  term  of  imprisonment. 

Attendingphysi^Manmust  make  a  report  as  to  appearance  of 
insanity  to  jailer  or  master,  who  must  transmit  it  to  a  judge 
authorized  to  commit  insane  persons  to  hospitals. '^  If 
judge,  after  certificate  of  insanity  by  2  legally  qualified  phy- 
sicians is  filed  with  him,  finds  that  prisoner  is  insane  and 
his  removal  expedient,  he  must  order  removal  of  prisoner 
to  a  state  hospital  for  insane.  A  male  prisoner  thus  re- 
moved must  be  sent  by  judge  to  Bridgewater  State  Hos- 
pital, or  any  of  the  other  state  hospitals  for  insane  If  in 
opimon  of  judge,  he  has  not  been  criminal  or  virions  in  his 
life.  A  female  prisoner  removed  on  acrount  of  insanitv  is 
sent  to  one  of  the  state  hospitals  other  than  that  at  Bridge- 
water. 

Whenever  physician  ofinstitution  certifies  to  officerin  charge 
that  an  inmate  is  insane,  such  officer  must  immediately 
make  an  examination  and,  if  satisfied  that  he  is  Insane, 
must  cause  him  to  be  transferred  to  State  Asylum  at  Ionia 
(now  Ionia  State  Hospital).  If  insanity  continues  after 
expiration  of  sentence,  medical  superintendent  of  asylum 
must  within  5  days  after  expiration  of  sentence  apply  to 
judge  of  probate  of  county  in  which  Institution  is  situ- 
ated for  an  order  to  retain  patient  in  asylum  until  his  recov- 
ery, giving  notice  of  such  application  to  one  or  more  friends 
or" relatives  of  patient,  if  their  address  is  known,  and  to 
county  clerk  of  county  from  which  convict  was  sent. 
Judge  must  notify  alleged  insane  person  and  prosecuting 
attorney  of  his  county,  fixin'^  time  and  place  for  hearing 
and  must  call  2  legally  qualified  physicians  and  in  his  dis- 
cretion other  credible  witnesses.  Prosecuting  attorney 
must  attend  hearing  and  act  in  behalf  of  state.  If  judge 
certifies  that  evidence  shows  person  to  be  insane,  he  must 
direct  his  retention  in  asylum  until  his  recovery.  Any 
convict  whose  sentence  has  expired  and  who  is  still  insane 
may  be  deUvered  to  relatives  or  friends  who  will  give 
surety  approved  by  governing  board  for  his  maintenance 
and  good  behavior  "without  further  public  charge. 

If  it  appears  to  circuit  court  for  county  that  convict  is  in- 
sane, such  court  may  direct  that  convict  be  deliverc*!  to 
superintendents  of  poor  of  the  county,  who  must  immedi- 
ately take  measures  for  safe-keeping  of  such  person  in 
mariner  provided  by  law. 

Whenever  superintendent  ofinstitution  certifies  to  probate 
courtof  county  in  which  home  is  situated  that  he  believes 
inmate  has  become  insane,  court  must  investigate  question 
of  insanity,  causing  inmate  to  be  personally  examined  by  2 
legally  qualified  phvsicians  appointed  by  court  and  in  its 
discretion  calling  other  credible  witnesses.  If  inmate  is 
adjudged  insane,  court  must  order  his  admission  to  asylum 
of  district  in  which  institution  is. situated. 


If  recovery  occurs  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, convict  must  be  returned  to  prison 
to  remain  until  time  when  term  of  im- 
prisonment would  have  expired  if  he  had 
remained  there  continuously. 


If  recovery  occurs  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, convict  must  be  returned  to  jail  to 
remain  until  lime  when  term  of  imprison- 
ment would  have  expired  if  he  had  r»- 
malned  there  continuously 


(See  preceding  column.) 


If  prisoner  removed  to  state hospitalis, In 
opinion  of  trustees  and  superintendent 
of  hospital,  rcstoreii  to  sanity,  he  must 
immeoiately  be  returned  to  prison  or 
house  of  correction  from  which  he  was  re- 
moved ,  to  remain  pursuant  to  original  sen- 
tence, ti  me  of  detention  or  confinement  in 
hospital  being  computed  as  part  of  term 
of  imprisonment. 


Upon  certification  of  medical  superintend- 
ent of  asylum  as  to  patient's  recovery,  he 
must  be"  transferred  to  institution  from 
which  he  came. 


Medical  superintendent  of  asylum  must  re- 
port patient's  recovery  to  superintendent 
of  school  or  home,  who  is  required  to  send 
immediately  for  inmate. 


100 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  14.— PRISONERS  SERVING  TIME  OR  SENTENCED  TO  SERVE  TIME  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR  INSANE-Contd. 

(For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  102  and  103.1 


STATE. 


Class  of  persona. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Minnesota  i^. 


Hissoori.. 


Montana.. 


Nebraska. . 


Nevada 

New  Hampshire. 
New  Jer^yw 


New  Mexico. 
New  York. . . 


Persons  confined  in  state  prison  or  any 
other  penal  institution  in  the  state. 


Persons  convicted  of  crime  or  misde- 
meanor. 


Convicts  in  state  prison 

Convicts  in  x>enitentiary 

Persons  sentenced  for  crime 

Convicts  in  state  prison 

Convicts  in  state  prison 

Persons  confined  in  jail  or  in  house  of 

correction. 
Convicts  in  state  prison 


Convicts 

Males  sentenced  for  a  felony. 


Males  undergoing  sentence  of  1  year  or 
less  or  convicted  of  a  misdemeanor,  and 
all  female  convicts. 


North  CaroUna . . 
North  Dakota... 

Ohio= 

Oklahoma 

Oregon  » 


Convicts  in  state  prison. 


Persons  confined  in  penitentiary  or  re- 
form school. 


Persons  confined  in  penitentiary  or  re- 
formatory. 


Convicts 

Convicts  in  state  prison.. 


Warden  or  other  person  in  charge  must  notify  State  Board  of 
Control,  which  must  cause  prisoner  to  be  examined  by  pro- 
bfte  court  of  county  where  he  is  confined.  If  prisoner  is 
fovnd  insane,  he  must  be  transferred  by  order  of  the  court 
to  state  asylum  for  dangerous  insane  (connected  with 
St.  Peter  State  Hospital). 

If  person  becomes  insane  before  execution  in  whole  or  in  part 
of  sentence,  governor  must  investigate  and  may  pardon 
convicted  person  or  commute  or  suspend  execution  of  sen- 
tence; he  may  by  warrant  to  sheriff  of  proper  county  or 
warden  of  state  penitentiary  order  removal  to  state  hospi- 
tal. 


Warden  must  notify  Board  of  State  Prison  Commissioners, 
which  may  order  removal  of  prisoner  to  insane  asylum. 


Physician  must  notify  governor,  who  must  cause  an  exami- 
nation to  be  made  by  penitentiary  medical  board  and.iUt 
finds  convict  insane,  may  order  removal  of  prisoner  to  a 
hospital  for  insane. 

If  person  becomes  insane  before  execution  of  sentence,  execu- 
tion must  be  stayed  until  his  recovery.  Court  must  im- 
panel jury  to  determine  question  of  insanity  of  person  at 
time  of  impaneling. 

Court  must  appoint  commission  of  lunacy  as  in  other  cases  of 
insanity.  If  prisoner  is  found  insane,  warden  must  transfer 
him  to  state  insane  asylum. 

Governor  and  coimcil  or  suprec.e  court  may  transfer  any 

prisoner  who  is  insane  to  asylum  for  insane. 
Supreme  court  may  order  person  committed  to  asylum 


Judge  of  circuit  court  of  county  in  which  prison  is  situated 
must,  when  informed  of  the  fact  by  physician  of  prison, 
institute  an  inquiry,  calling  2  physicians  and  other  wit- 
nesses if  necessary,  and  inviting  the  attorney  general  to  aid 
in  examination,  and ,  if  he  deems  it  necessary ,  calling  a  jury. 
If  prisoner  is  found  insane,  judge  must  order  him  removed 
to  state  hospital  for  insane.^o 

Convict  must  be  received  into  the  asylum 


Warden  or  superintendent,  when  notified  by  physician  of 
institution,  must  cause  prisoner  to  be  removed  to  Danne- 
mora  State  Hospital.  If  when  term  of  sentence  of  convict 
has  expired  the  medical  superintendent  thinks  con\ict  is 
still  insane,  he  must  apply  to  a  judge  of  a  court  of  record  to 
cause  an  examination  of  convict  to  be  made  by  2  legally 
quahfied  examiners  in  lunacy.  If  convict  is  found  insane, 
superintendent  must  apply  to  a  court  of  record  for  an  order 
authorizing  him  to  retain  the  convict.  Any  convict  in  the 
Dannemora  State  Hospital  whose  term  of  imprisonment 
has  expired  may,  upon  order  of  State  Commission  in  Lu- 
nacy ,=i  be  transferred  to  any  institution  for  the  insane. 
Medical  superintendent  may  discharge  and  deliver  any 
patient  whose  sentence  has  expired  and  who  is  still  insane 
to  his  relatives  or  friends. 

Warden  or  other  ofilcer  in  charge  must,  when  notified  by 
physician  of  institution,  apply  to  a  judge  of  a  court  of  record 
to  cause  an  examination  of  prisoner  to  be  made  by  2  legally 
qualified  examiners  in  lunacy.  If  prisoner  is  found  insane, 
warden  or  other  officer  in  charee  mast  apply  to  a  judge  of 
a  court  of  record  for  an  order  transferring  prisoner  to  Matte- 
awan  State  Hospital.  When  term  of  sentence  of  prisoner 
has  expired  and  he  is  still  insane,  he  may  be  retainea  in  the 
hospital  until  his  recovery  or  until  he  is  otherwise  legally 
discharged ;  but  medical  superintendent  may  discharge  and 
dehver  any  such  patient  to  his  relatives  or  friends.  Any 
prisoner  in  Matteawan  State  Hospital  whose  term  of  im- 
prisonment has  expired  may .  upon  order  of  State  Commis- 
sion in  Lunacy ,21  be  transferred  to  any  institution  for  in- 
sane. 

Convict  must  be  admitted  to  the  hospital  for  dangerous  in- 
sane. In  case  of  the  expiration  of  the  sentence  of  any  con- 
vict insane  person  while  he  is  in  hospital  for  insane,  he  must 
be  kept  until  his  recovery  or  until  he  is  considered  harmless 
and  incurable. 

Governor,  when  notified  by  the  chief  ofljcer  and  the  board  of 
trustees  of  the  institution,  must  inquire  into  case  and,  if  he 
determines  that  person  is  insane,  must  order  him  trans- 
ferred to  state  hospital  for  insane. 


Chief  officer,  when  notified  by  physician  of  institution,  must 
apply  to  probate  court  of  county  in  which  institution  is 
located  for  an  examination  of  convict  by  2  legally  qualified 
physicians  to  be  designated  by  court.  If  convict  is  found 
insane,  chief  officer  must  apply  to  the  court  for  an  order 
transferring  convict  to  Lima  State  Hospital. 

Ckjnvict  must  be  received  into  the  hospital  for  insane 


Governor,  when  notified  by  physician  of  prison,  must 
summon  1  or  more  physicians  of  state  insane  asylum  to 
examine  into  question'of  insanity.  If  convict  is  found  in- 
sane, governor  may  order  him  transferred  to  state  insane 
asylum.  Governor  may  at  any  time  order  convict  trans- 
ferred back  to  state  prison. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, patient  must  be  removed  by  State 
Board  of  Control,  upon  certificate  of  su- 

Sertntendent,  to  institution  from  which 
ecame. 

If  sentence  was  suspended,  it  must  be  exe- 
cuted after  expiration  of  suspension.  In 
case  of  convict  in  penitentiary  sent  to  a 
state  hospital  after  serving  two-thirds  of 
his  sentence  who  recovers  his  sanity,  gov- 
ernor, when  notified  by  superintendentof 
hospital,  must  remit  remainder  of  sen- 
tence. 

If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of  sen- 
tence, asylum  authorities  must  notify 
Board  of  State  Prison  Commissioners  and 
warden  must  have  prisoner  returned  to 
prison. 

Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify  gov- 
ernor, who  must  cause  convict  to  be  re- 
turned to  penitentiary  to  serve  unexpired 
term  of  sentence  (time  spent  in  hospital 
having  been  deducted  from  sentence). 

(See  preceding  column.) 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  superintendent  of  state  insane 
asylum  must  deliver  prisoner  to  warden 
of  state  prison. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 

sentence,  chief  officer  of  hospital  must 
notify  judge  and  attorney  general.  Judge 
must  remand  patient  to  prison  to  serve 
out  unexpired  portion  of  his  sen- 
tence. 20 

If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  convict  must  be  returned  to 
penitentiary. 

If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  medical  superintendent  must 
notify  warden  or  superintendent  of  Insti- 
tution from  which  convict  was  received 
or  to  which  superintendent  of  state  prisons 
may  direct  tnat  he  be  transferred,  and 
must  cause  his  removal  to  such  place  to 
serve  out  unexpired  portion  of  his  sen- 
tence. "SMionever  any  con\ict  who  has 
been  retained  beyond  expiration  of  his 
sentence  recovers',  he  may  be  discharged 
by  medical  superintendent. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  medical  superintendent  must 
notify  warden  or  other  officer  in  charge 
of  institution  from  which  prisoner  was 
received  or  to  which  superintendent  of 
state  prisons  may  direct  that  he  be  trans- 
ferred, if  prisoner  was  received  from  stat« 
prLson,  and  must  cause  his  removal  to 
such  place  to  serve  out  unexpired  portion 
of  his  sentence.  Whenever  any  prisoner 
who  has  been  retained  beyond  expiration 
of  his  sentence  recovers,  he  may  be  dis- 
charged by  medical  superintendent. 


(See  preceding  column.) 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
warden  or  superintendent  who,  if  term 
of  sentence  of  patient  has  not  expired, 
must  have  him  returned  to  institution 
from  which  he  was  sent.  If  terra  of  sen- 
tence has  expired,  chief  officer  of  institu- 
tion from  which  he  was  sent  may  direct 
that  he  be  discharged. 

If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  convict  must  be  transferred  to 
penitentiary  or  reformatory  from  which 
he  came. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  ol 
sentence,  convict  must  be  returned  to 
state  penitentiary. 

(See  preceding  column.) 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


101 


Table  14=.— PRISONERS  SERVING  TIME  OR  SENTENCED  TO  SERVE  TIME  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR  INSANE— Contd. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  see  pp.  102  and  103.1 


Class  of  persons. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Pennsylvania  2*.. 


Rhode  Island  26.. 


South  Dakota . 


Texas. 


Utah. 


Vermont . 


Virginia  •» 

Washington  w . 


West  Virginia  « . 


Wisconsin . 
Wyoming. 


Persons  confined  in  any  jail  or  prison.. 


Persons  imprisoned  after  conviction  of 
any  crime. 


Persons  confined  in  the  common  jails  of 
Armstroiif^,  Allegheny,  Beaver,  But- 
ler, Cambria,  Clarion,  Clearfield, 
Crawford,  Erie,  Elk,  Forest,  Fayette, 
Greene,  Indiana,  Jeuerson,  Lavrrence, 
Mercer,  McKean,  Somerset,  Venango, 
Washington,  Warren,  Westmoreland, 
and  Potter  Counties  by  sentence  or 
order  of  any  court,  who  are  not  under 
sentence  of  death. 

Persons  couvloted  of  crime  and  impris- 
oned in  state  prison  or  county  jail. 


Convicts  in  penitentiary.. 


Couvicts  in  penitentiary. 


Persons  confined  in  state  prison  or  a 
county  jail. 


Persons  confined  in  state  prison,  house 
of  correction,  or  a  county  jaii  for  a 
specified  time.'s 


Convicts  in  penitentiary.. 


Convicts  in  penitentiary . 


Convicts  in  penitentiary  who  become 
hopelessly  msane. 


Prisoners  in  state  prison,  reformatory, 
county  jails,  or  in  Milwaukee  House  of 
Correction. 

Persons  held  under  the  sentence  or  jude;- 
ment  of  any  court  or  justice  of  peace. 


Law  judge  of  court  imder  whose  order  person  is  confined 
must,  upon  application,  direct  an  inquiry  into  the  circum- 
stances, notifying  v  ommittee  on  Lunacj^  and,  if  satisfied 
that  person  needs  treatment  in  a  hospital,  must  direct 
his  removal  to  a  state  hospital.  The  trustees  and  physician 
of  the  hospital  may  not  discharge  or  remove  convict  with- 
out an  order  of  a  court  of  competent  jurisdiction,  and  in 
case  he  is  to  be  removed  to  a  place  of  custody  other  than  a 
hospital,  the  (  ommittee  on  Lxmacy  must  be  notified  and 
time  given  them  to  investigate  the  case. 

Application  may  be  made  by  the  warden,  superintendent, 
physician,  or  any  inspector  ofthe  penitentiary  or  jjrison  in 
which  person  is  confined,  or  by  the  general  agent  of  the 
Board  of  I'ublic  <  harities  to  court  of  county  in  which 
prisoner  was  convicted,  or  any  law  judge  thereof,  to  have 
person  removed  to  a  hospital  for  insane.  The  court  or  law 
judge  may  then  appoint  3  citizens  of  the  state  to  inquire 
into  question  of  insanity,  and,  if  prisoner  is  found  of  un- 
sound mind  and  unfit  forpenal  discipline,  judge  may  order 
removal  of  prisoner  to  a  state  hospital.  If  sentence  of 
prisoner  expires  while  he  is  in  hospital,  judge  or  coiu-t  that 
made  the  order  of  removal  may,  if  relatives  or  friends  of 
patient  apply  giving  security  for  his  custody  and  care, 
order  transfer  of  patient  to  care  of  person  making  appli- 
cation. 

Commissioners  of  county,  with  approval  of  court  by  which 
person  was  sentenced  or  one  of  the  judges  thereof,  may  send 
prisoner  to  Western  I'ennsylvania  Hospital,  provided 
principal  physician  of  insane  department  of  the  hospital 
deems  such  prisoner  insane  and  a  fit  subject  for  treatment 
in  the  hospital.  (In  July,  1907,  the  name  of  the  insane  de- 
partment of  this  hospital  was  changed  to  Dixmont 
Hospital.) 


On  petition  of  the  Board  of  State  Charities  and  Corrections 
in  the  case  of  a  prisoner  in  state  prison  or  in  Providence 
Coimty  jail,  or  of  the  clerk  of  the  superior  comt  for  any  of 
the  other  counties  in  the  case  of  a  person  in  the  jail  of  his 
county,  stating  that  person  is  insane  or  in  such  a  state  of 
impairment  of  body  or  mind  as  tends  directly  to  insanity 
or  to  permanent  uicapacity  for  mental  or  physical  labor, 
any  justice  of  supreme  court  may  order  such  examination 
of  person  as  he  deems  proper  and,  if  satisfied  of  truth  of 
petition,  may  order  removal  of  prisoner  to  the  state  asylum 
for  insane,  the  state  almshouse,  or  the  Butler  Hospital. ^e 

Governor,  when  notified  by  warden  and  State  Board  of 
Charities  and  Corrections  may  inquire  into  case  and,  if  he 
determines  that  person  is  insane,  may  order  him  trans- 
ferred to  state  hospital  for  insane. 

If  coimty  judge  of  county  in  which  penitentiary  is  located 
receives  aflidavit  that  convict  confined  in  state  peniten- 
tiary is  insane  and  believes  such  information  true,  he  must 
fix  a  day  for  hearing,  and  order  sheriff  to  summon  jury  of 
6  persons.  If  such  aflidavit  is  filed  before  any  justice  of 
peace  he  returns  it  to  county  judge.  Upon  verdict  that 
convict  is  insane,  he  must  be  so  pronounced  and  com- 
mitted to  insane  asvlum.s^ 

Upon  receiving  complaint  made  imder  oath,  district  court 
raay  submit  question  of  person's  insanity  to  a  jurv.  If 
person  is  found  insane,  judue  must  order  sheriff  to  commit 
him  to  State  Mental  Hospital. 


Person  may  be  removed  to  state  hospital  for  insane  only 
upon  order  of  governor,  based  upon  such  expert  examina- 
tion as  to  insanity  as  governor  directs.  In  case  prisoner 
remains  insane  at  end  of  sentence,  if  he  was  not  sent  to 
hospital,  he  may  be  sent  there;  and  if  already  there,  he 
may  remain. 

Superintendent  of  penitentiary  must  report  to  governor, 
who  must  order  convict  brought  before  circuit  court  of 
city  of  Richmond  for  inquiry  into  hissanity.  If  jury  finds 
convict  insane,  hemust  be  transferred  to  an  insaneasylum. 

When  superintendent  and  such  other  officers  as  may  be 
designated  by  State  Board  of  Control  to  act  with  him  in 
such  cases  believe  any  convict  insane,  they  must  make 
proper  examination  and  if  they  still  believe  convict  insane, 
superintendent  must  send  him  to  a  state  insane  asylum. 
If  at  expiration  of  sentence  convict  is  still  in  asylum,  he 
must  be  allowed  to  stay  there  until  discharged  cured. 

Warden  must  notify  a  justice  of  Marshall  County,  who  must 
inquire  into  iu-sanity  of  convict  and,  if  satisfieu  that  he  is 
insane  and  ought  to  be  confined  In  a  hospital,  must  order 
him  committed  to  hospital  for  insane,  unless  some  person 
will  give  bond  to  re^itrain  and  take  proper  care  of  insane 
person  until  the  cause  ceases  or  he  is  delivered  to  the 
sheriff  of  the  county  to  be  proceeded  with  according  to 
law. 

Board  of  Control,  acting  as  a  commission  in  lunacy,  may 
adjudge  prisoner  insane  and  may,  with  approval  of  gov- 
ernor, remove  him  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane.=2 

Anyone  having;  person  in  charge  must,  and  any  citizen  of  the 
state  may,  make  complaint,  and  question  of  insanity  must 
be  inquired  into  by  a  jury  in  accordance  with  procedure 
nrescribe<l  for  other  cases.  If  foimd  insane,  person  must 
be  taken  to  such  place  for  treatment  as  is  provided  or 
prescribed  by  State  Board  of  Charities  and  Reform  either 
generally  or  for  that  particular  case. 


(See  preceding  column.; 


If  before  expiration  of  sentence  superin- 
tendent or  other  proper  medical  author- 
ity of  the  hospital  certifies  to  judge  or 
court  that  ordered  transfer  that  patient 
has  so  far  recovered  as  no  longer  to  need 
hospital  care,  judge  or  court  may  re- 
mand him  to  place  of  imprisonment 
from  which  he  was  sent.  If  such  certifi- 
cation is  made  after  sentence  has  ex- 
pired, patient  may  be  discharged. 


Upon  restoration  to  reason  or  to  health 
both  of  mind  and  body,  patient  may  be 
removed  to  place  of  original  confinement 
by  order  of  any  justice  of  supreme  court, 
to  serve  out  remainder  of  his  sentence. 


When  recovery  occurs  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  convict  must  be  returned  to 
penitentiary  if  governor  so  directed  in 
order  of  transfer. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  superintendent  of  hospital  must 
notify  sheriff  of  county  from  which  con- 
vict was  sent,  who  must  return  him  to 
prison  to  serve  out  remainder  of  sentence. 
If  sentence  has  expired,  person  upon 
recovery  must  be  discharged. 

If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  patient  must,  upon  order  of 
governor,  be  returned  to  institution  to 
which  he  was  originally  committed. 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
clerk  of  court  by  whose  order  patient 
was  confined ,  and  "clerk  must  cause  patient 
to  be  returned  to  penitentiary. 

Superintendent  of  hospital  must  notify 
State  Board  of  Control  and  superintend- 
ent of  penitentiary,  who  must  remove 
patient  to  penitentiary,  time  passed  at  the 
asylum  counting  as  "a  part  of  convict's 
sentence. 

Board  of  directore  of  hospital  must  notify 
clerk  of  court  by  whose  order  patient  was 
confined  in  hospital  and  deliver  him  in 
obedience  to  the  proper  precept. 


If  sanity  is  restored  before  expiration  of 
sentence,  patient  must  be  retinned  to 
prison  from  which  he  was  taken. 

Patient  must  be  retmiied  to  place  of  im- 
prisonment from  which  he  was  sent,  to 
serve  out  his  sentence  if  any  part  of  it 
remain.*^. 


102  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

NOTES  TO  TABLE  H. 

'  Before  discharging  any  convict  who  may  be  insane  at  time  of  expiration  of  sentence  warden  of  state  prison  must  report  such  insanity  to  a  judge  of  superior  court 
of  county  in  which  prison  is'located,  who  must  order  sheriff  to  bring  insane  convict  before  court.  If  convinced  of  his  insanity  after  having  him  examined  by  medical  experts, 
court  must  order  him  confined  in  one  of  the  insane  asylums. 

-  \ppointed  by  governor  to  have  general  oversight  of  insane  ward  of  state  prison. 

3  The  provisions  summarized  are  from  an  act  establishing  the  Connecticut  Peformatory,  which  was  not  opened  until  after  1910. 

<  The  only  regulations  on  this  point  are  contained  in  a  section  which  has  never  been  repealed  providing  that  when  any  insane  person  is  confined  in  jail,  the  levy  court 
may  order  constable  to  deliver  such  person  to  keeper  of  the  almshouse,  and  providing  further,  that  it  sentence  of  any  convict  is  respited  on  ground  of  insanity,  such 
convict  is  subject  to  removal  to  almshouse.  ,         ,      ,,t       ^         ^  ^    ^^    ^-       ^         ■    ■  .         ,j  v         j   ,     ^^  ■ 

5  Although  a  law  of  lfl04  provided  that  convicts  m  the  State  Saiutarium  should  be  rettu-ned  to  the  Prison  Commission  as  soon  as  arrangements  could  be  made  for  their 
care  at  the  prison  farm,  the  statutes  still  contain  a  provision  to  the  effect  that  if  sentence  of  a  person  was  suspended  on  ground  of  insanity  and  he  was  conunittcd  to 
Georgia  State  Sanitarium,  superintendent  must  notify  presiding  judge  of  court  where  the  person  was  convicted  of  his  restoration  to  sanity. 

'The  onlv  provision  relative  to  sentenced  prisoners  who  become  insane  is  a  section  stating  that  insane  convicts  must  be  received  into  the  insane  asylum  and  returned 
to  the  state  prison  again  as  provided  in  the  penal  code.  The  only  provisions  concerning  the  criminal  insane  in  the  penal  code,  however,  relate  to  prisoners  imder  sentence 
of  death  or  to  persons  who  become  insane  before  sentence,  with  the  exception  of  a  statement  that  a  person  may  not  be  punished  for  a  public  offense  while  insane. 

'  See  Table  12  note  4. 

»  The  onlv  provision  relating  to  the  reformatory  in  the  General  Statutes  of  1909  is  one  authorizing  board  of  managers  of  reformatory  to  transfer  to  the  state  insane 
asvlum  anv  prisoner  who  becomes  insane.  By  a  law  of  1913  the  powers  formerly  vested  in  the  board  of  managers  of  reformatory  are  vested  in  State  Board  of  Corrections. 
"  An  enactment  of  1911  contains  the  following  provisions,  which  apply  to  persons  confined  in  any  penal  institution  in  the  state: 

Procedure  wheit  indicalions  of  insanity  are  nofcd.— Whenever  person  confined  in  penal  institution  is  alleged  to  be  insane,  officer  in  charge  of  institution  must,  with 
consent  of  board  in  charge  of  institution,  cause  person  to  be  examined  by  probate  court  of  county  in  which  he  is  confined.  If  found  insane,  he  must  be  transferred  by  order 
of  probate  court  to  State  Asylum  for  Dangerous  Insane.    In  case  insanity  continues  after  expiration  of  sentence,  prisoner  must  be  retained  in  asylum  until  recovery. 

Procedure  upon  recovery.'— \i  before  expiration  of  sentence  superintendent  of  State  Asylum  for  Dangerous  Insane  believes  prisoner's  sanity  is  restored ,  prisoner  must  be 
removed  upon  certificate  of  superintendent  to  institution  from  which  he  came,  to  serve  remainder  of  sentence.  Time  spent  in  asylimi  is  counted  as  part  of  term  of  sentence. 
When  recovery  occurs  after  expiration  of  sentence,  prisoner  must  be  immediately  discharged. 

>  By  a  law  of  1913  the  powers  formerly  vested  in  board  are  vested  in  State  Board  of  Corrections. 

"  \ccordmg  to  an  earlier  act  (1896),  which  has  apparently  not  been  repealed,  warden  of  penitentiary,  together  with  clerk  of  board  of  control,  must  present  the  petition. 

K  Provisions  summarized  apply  also  to  convicts  detained  after  expiration  of  sentence.  A  friend  of  any  person  adjudged  insane  and  committed  to  building  for  criminal 
insane  at  .\ugusta  State  Hospital,  thinking  such  person  b  unreasonably  detained,  may  apply  for  an  inquiry  to  any  justice  of  supreme  judicial  court,  who  may  after  due 
inquiry  vacate  such  commitment  and,  if  original  sentence  has  expired,  discharge  person  in  question.  Application,  if  unsuccessful,  must  not  be  repeated  within  one  year. 
Concerning  transfer  of  persons  committed  to  building  for  criminal  insane,  see  Table  10,  note  8. 

"  Governor  appoints  one  such  examiner  in  each  county.  .  „.,.»,.,.  ■.     ^.        .  j  »  ^,.    , 

1*  Accorduig  to  an  enactment  of  1910  the  administrative  board  of  the  house  of  correction,  as  well  as  that  of  the  pemtentiary,  is  empowered  to  summon  the  Lunacy 
Commission  to  examine  into  mental  condition  of  convicts  and,  in  case  convict  is  adjudged  insane,  complaint  is  to  be  made  to  the  judge  of  either  of  the  criminal  courts  of 
Baltimoreor  any  one  of  the  criminal  courts  for  the  several  counties  exercising  criminal  jurisdiction;  and  according  to  an  enactment  of  1914  the  Lunacy  Commission  is 
directed  to  remove  all  insane  convicts  confined  now  or  later  in  the  Marvland  Penitentiary  and  the  House  of  Correction  to  such  state  hospitals  as  It  deems  proper. 

IS  By  an  act  approved  Apr.  5, 1910,  the  district  court  of  central  Lfiddlesex  also  has  authority  to  issue  warrant  for  commitment  to  the  proper  hospital  in  the  case  of 
prisoners  in  Massachusetts  Reformatory  and  the  first  district  court  of  southern  Middlesex  in  the  case  of  prisoners  in  Reformatory  Prison  for  Women. 

I'  The  latest  code  contains  also  an  act  of  1877,  which  has  never  been  repealed,  including  provisions  somewhat  as  follows; 

Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted. — If  any  person  after  being  convicted  of  any  offene  and  committed  to  state  prison  or  any  penal  institution  of  the  state 
and  before  exec;ition  in  whole  or  in  part  of  sentence  of  court  shows  symptoms  of  in,sanity,  warden  must  not  fy  physician  of  institution  and  medical  superintendent  of 
asylum  for  insane  at  Kalamazoo,  who  must  Immediately  examine  convict  and  if  they  believe  him  insane  must  so  certify  to  wardeo.  Warden  must  immediately  put 
convict  in  prison  department  prepared  for  insane  convicts  and  notify  governor  of  insanity  of  convict,  whose  duty  it  is  to  inquire  into  facts.  Governor  may  pardon  convict 
or  commute  or  suspend  execution  and  may  order  convict  conveyed  to  a  stale  asylum  for  insane  aod  there  kept  until  he  becomes  sane  or  his  sentence  expires.  If  patient  is 
insane  at  expiration  of  sentence,  he  must  be  returned  to  prLson.    (See  statement  given  below  regarding  persons  who  are  insane  at  expiration  of  sentence.) 

Procedure  upon  recoteru.—li  convict  sent  to  asylum  recovers  before  expiration  of  sentence,  he  must  be  returned  to  prison  to  serve  out  unexpired  term  of  sentence,  time 
of  suspension  being  counted  on  time  for  which  sentenced.  When  a  person  not  removed  to  an  asylum  is  c-rtified  by  physician  of  penal  institution  and  medical  superin- 
tendent of  asylum  for  ins.ane  at  Kalamazoo  to  be  sane  or  so  far  recovered  that  it  may  be  considered  safe  to  put  him  at  labor,  warden  of  penal  institution  must  again  put 
him  at  hard  labor  according  to  his  sentence.  ,,..,.  .  »  j    .     .  .  %.      j    •..  j  .    .,.    t..  .    .     i         »  t     •    ,         -r     ■ 

According  to  provisions  enacted  in  1903,  all  persons  adjudged  insane  after  havmg  been  convicted  of  crane  must  be  admitted  to  the  State  Asylum  at  loma  (now  Ionia 

.\n  unrepealed  act  of  1877  relative  to  persons  who  are  insane  at  expiration  of  sentence  at  any  penal  institution  of  the  state  or  Detroit  House  of  Correction  contains 

nro\Tsions  which  are  somewhat  as  follows:  ,       ^         .       _i-c  j  .    t    ■  v       v     ■  ■        .  ,-.■».., 

Before  discharging  from  any  penal  institution  of  the  state  any  convict  who  at  expiration  of  sentence  is  certified  to  be  insane  by  physician  of  penal  institution,  if  no 
relative  or  friend  takes  charge  of  him,  warden  or  other  superintending  officer  must  report  his  condition  to  county  clerk  of  county  from  which  convict  was  sent  and  to  one 
or  more  of  his  relatives  or  friends  it  kno«-n,  and  also  to  probate  judge  of  county  in  which  penal  institution  is  located.    Within  20  days  of  receipt  of  notice,  judge  must  issue 


in  behaU  of  state.    If  after  investigation,  with  or  without  a  jury,,  _     ,         ,     .  •    j  ^  _,  .u  . ,  ,.    ■        .      j.         ..-■     ■   ,      „ 

take  charge  of  him  he  must  on  certificate  of  such  judge  be  admitted  to  one  of  the  asylums  for  insane  and  supported  there  until  he  is  restored  to  sanity  or  is  legally  removed 
or  taken  charge  of  bv  relatives  or  friends.  •  j  i     »•      j     .       .         ■.  _  j      -.i.      .i_  ■ 

w  In  1913  class  of  persons  was  limited  to  those  confined  in  state  prison  or  state  reformatory  and  place  ol  detention  during  insamty  was  made  either  the  asylum  for 
dangerous  insane  or  any  state  hospital,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

"  The  provisions  summarized  in  Table  10  apply  also  to  persons  in  confinement  under  sentence. 

M  In  addition  to  the  section  in  force  Jan.  1,  1910  (which  is  summarized  above),  the  Compiled  Statutes  of  1910  contain  the  same  section  as  amended  Mar.  59,  1910.  The 
essential  dillerence  is  that  the  duties  which  in  the  former  case  are  assigned  to  the  judge  of  circuit  court  of  county  in  which  prison  is  situated  are  in  the  latter  case  assigned 
to  the  justice  of  supreme  court  presiding  in  courts  of  that  county  or  the  judge  of  court  of  common  pleas  of  county.  (See  Table  10,  note  14,  concerning  a  law  of  Apr. 
''7, 1911,  providing  for  a  house  of  detention  at  Trenton.) 

"  In  1912  name  ol  State  Commission  in  Lunacy  was  changed  to  State  Hospital  Commission. 

a  The  provisions  summarized  in  the  t;»ble  are  those  of  a  law  of  1900,  which  provided  for  the  erection  of  a  state  hospital  for  insane  at  Lima.  In  1910  the  hospital  had 
not  been  buUt  and  presumably  the  following  provisions  which  also  appear  in  the  General  Code  of  1910  were  in  force: 

Procedure  when  indications  ofinsaniti/  are  noted.—  A  convict  in  the  penitentiirv,  if  the  Lima  State  Hospital  l3  not  then  open  to  receive  suoh  convict,  must  be  confined 
by  warden  in  insane  department  of  penitentiary.  In  the  case  of  a  convict  in  the  reformatory,  superintendent  must  notify  board  of  managers,  which  may  order  removal  of 
convict  to  Columbus  State  Hospital,  .\fter  a  convict  is  confined  in  insane  department  of  penitentiary,  if  deemed  necessary  by  superintendent  of  Columbus  State  Hospital 
and  phvsician  of  penitentiary,  board  of  managers  of  penitentmrv  may  order  removal  of  convict  to  Columbus  State  Hospital. 

Procedure  upon  recorery.— When  physician  of  penitentbrv  certifies  to  warden  that  an  insane  convict  confined  in  insane  department  of  penitentiary  has  so  far  recovered 
that  it  Is  safe  to  put  him  at  labor  under  his  sentence,  or  when  superintendent  of  Columbus  State  Hospital  so  certifies  to  warden  of  panitentiarv  or  superintendent  of  reform- 
atorv  regarding  a  convict  from  such  institution  so  confined  in  the  hospital,  officer  in  charge  of  penitentiary  or  reformatory  must  remove  con\1ct  from  hospital  and  put  him 
atlabor  under  his  sentence.  .        .,  .        .  ,         ^       ^,-       o...tt-.  ,         ^i.^..^. 

According  to  the  law  of  1906  an  insane  convict  under  indeterminate  sentence  transferred  from  penitentiary  or  reformatory  to  Luna  State  Hospital  must  be  detamed  at 
hospital  for  maximum  term  of  sentence  provided  by  law  for  ofl'ense  of  which  person  was  convicted  unless  he  is  sooner  restored  to  reason. 

The  General  Code  of  1910  contains  a  provision  of  an  earlier  date  than  1900  which  was  apparently  not  allected  by  the  law  of  that  year,  to  the  effect  that  if  a  convict  is 
insane  at  expiration  of  sentence  the  warden  must  notifv  probate  judge  of  countv  from  which  he  was  sent,  who  must  order  sheriff  to  return  msane  convict  to  county  to  be 
disposed  of  as  directed  by  law.  This  provision  further'directs  that  if  a  probate  judge  after  notification  hy  warden  neglects  to  issue  a  warrant,  or  it  a  sherid  neglects  to 
remove  the  convict,  warden  must  cause  such  convict  to  be  returned  to  county  from  whirh  he  was  sent,  in  charge  of  an  officer  of  penitentiary  or  some  other  suitable  person. 

n  The  provisions  summariicd  in  the  table  were  repealed  in  1913  bv  a  law  which  included  provisions  substantially  as  follows:  .      ,    ,        v    v      j 

When  In  opinion  of  warden  or  phvsician  of  state  penitentliry  any  convict  confined  in  penitentiary  is  insane,  notice  must  be  given  to  the  clerk  of  the  board,  whereupon 
board  must  order  his  examination  by 'one  or  more  of  the  physiclms  of  the  state  hospital  for  insane.  If  convict  Is  found  insane,  board  must  order  him  transferred  to  the 
state  hospital  for  insane.    The  board  may  at  any  time  cause  convict  to  be  transferred  back  to  penitentiary. 

«  The  following  provisions  relating  to  the  two  penitentiaries  are  included  in  a  recent  di;:cst  of  Pennsylvania  laws  as  unrepealed: 

Eastern  Penitentiary  —When  in  opinion  of  inspectors  of  Eastern  Penitentiary  a  prisonpr  confined  there  has  developed  such  msanity  as  to  render  his  contmued  confine- 
ment in  penitentiary  improper  and  hfa  removal  to  the  state  lunatic  hospital  necessary  to  his  recovery,  they  must  submit  case  to  board  composed  of  district  attorney  of 
countv  of  Philadelphia,  principal  physician  of  Pennsylvania  Hospital  for  the  Insane  at  Philadelphia,  and  principal  physician  of  the  I  riends '  Insane  Asylum  at  Frankford, 
and  iii  case  a  majoritv  can  not  at  any  time  attend,  a  competent  physician  or  phvsicians  appointed  bv  the  coiut  of  quarter  sessions  of  Philadelphia  County,  in  place  of  such 
as  can  not  attend  Upon  receipt  of  certilcate  of  the  board  or  of  2  of  its  members,  the  governor,  if  he  approves,  must  order  removal  of  prisoner  to  state  lunatic  hospital. 
If  before  expiration  of  sentence  trustees  of  hospital  believe  prisoner  so  far  restored  that  his  return  to  penitentiary  would  be  safe  and  proper,  they  must  cause  him  to  be 

^  Western  Penitentiary.— Wben  physician  of  Western  Penitentiarv  believes  that  a  convict  confined  there  is  msane,  he  must  notify  proper  warden  and  board  of  inspectors, 
who  must  examine  into  question  of  insanity.  If  board  of  inspectors  deems  it  advisable,  they  must  direct  proper  physician  of  Western  Penitentiary,  with  aid  of  physician 
of  insane  department  of  the  Western  Pennsvlvania  Hospital  (now  Dixmont  Hospital)  and  another  competent  person  learned  in  medical  jurisprudence,  to  mqiiire  into 
question  of  msanitv.  If  thev,  or  a  majority  of  them,  are  convinced  that  convict  is  insane,  thev  must  so  certify  to  board  of  inspectors,  and  if  inspectors  approve  they  must 
transmit  report  to  governor  who,  if  he  also  approves,  must  order  removal  of  prisoner  to  state  lunatic  hospital  or  to  Western  Pennsylvania  Hospital.  If  before  expiration 
of  sentence  board  of  managers  of  hospital  befleve  convict  so  far  restored  that  his  return  to  penitentiary  would  be  safe  and  proper,  board  of  managers  must  cause  him  to 
be  returned. 

See  Table  10,  note  IS. 

2s  See  Table  10,  note  19.  ,.     ,  ,  .        .        ^.  .  ,j  .,  , 

"  The  provisions  summarized  in  Table  10  for  procedure  when  indications  of  insamty  are  noted  m  the  case  of  persons  imprisoned  m  any  county  would  apparently  apply 
to  prisoners  serving  time  or  sentenced  to  serve  time. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS. 


103 


NOTES  TO  TABLE  14— Continued. 

"  Hearing  was  apparently  to  be  held  at  state  penitentiary,  but  law  was  not  clear  on  this  point.  According  to  a  law  of  1913  amending  provisions  summarized  in  table 
this  was  definitely  stated.    1  he  procedure  prescribed  by  this  law  is  practically  the  same  as  that  for  other  insane  persons  as  stated  in  Table  5,  note  35.  ' 

28  Accordinp  to  a  law  of  1912,  persons  confined  for  a  specified  time  or  for  life  in  the  Vermont  Industrial  School  are  also  subject  to  the  provisions  summarized  in  the  table. 

»  In  addition  to  the  provisions  summarized  in  the  table,  Pollard 's  Code  of  1904  contains  a  section  providing  th:it  inainc  convicts  be  cared  for  in  a  special  ward  of  the 
penitentiary.  This  provision  was  amended  in  1910  so  as  to  be  substantially  as  follows:  If  any  person  after  conviction  of  any  crime  or  while  serving  sentence  in  a  penal 
institution  "or  reformatory'  or  elsewhere  is  declared  insane  by  a  jury,  he  must  be  committed  by  court  to  department  for  criminal  insane  at  the  proper  hospital  and  kept  there 
until  sane;  the  time  spent  in  department  for  crimin:il  insane  must  be  deducted  from  term  of  sentence. 

30  The  code  of  1910  also  contains  a  section  of  earlier  date  than  the  provision  siunmarized  in  the  table,  providing  that  governor  may  order  removal  of  any  prisoner  to  the 
hospital  for  insane  when  the  physician,  board  of  penitentiary  commissioners,  and  wardens  of  the  penitentiary  after  examination  believe  such  prisoner  is  insane  and  so 
certify  to  governor.  As  soon  as  superintendent  of  hospital  to  which  such  a  prisoner  is  sent  ascertains  that  prisoner  is  not  insane,  or  has  recovered,  he  must  notify  warden 
of  penitentiary,  who  must  cause  prisoner  to  be  returned  to  penitentiary  if  his  term  of  imprisonment  has  not  expired. 

The  State  Board  of  Control  may,  whenever  welfare  of  any  person  requires  it,  transfer  an  inmate  of  a  penal  institution  or  an  institution  for  insane  to  another  institution 
for  care  of  insane,  or  to  insane  ward"  of  state  penitentiary. 

A  convict  who  is  insane  at  expiration  of  sentence  may  not  be  discharged  by  superintendent  of  penitentiary  until  latter  has  notified  a  judge  of  superior  court  of  county 
in  which  penitent iarj-  is  located  of  fact  of  such  insanity,  whereupon  such  court  must  order  sheriff  of  coimty  to  bring  convict  before  court.  Ifafter  proper  examination  made 
by  medical  experts  court  is  satisfied  that  convict  is  insane,  it  must  order  him  confined  in  an  insane  asylum.  If  judge  or  sheriff  fails  to  act  as  provided  in  this  section,  the 
superintendent  must  cause  removal  of  convict  to  the  court  for  examination. 

a  The  provisions  for  procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  noted  in  the  case  of  persons  serving  sentence  in  the  penitentiary  apply  also  to  insane  persons  who  are 
to  be  discharged  from  penitentiary  at  expiration  of  sentence. 

3*  The  provisions  in  Table  10,  note  21,  apply  to  this  table  also. 


Prisoners  under  death  sentence, — In  the  following 
table  the  statutory  provisions  dealing  specifically  with 
insanity  in  the  case  of  prisoners  under  sentence  of 
death  are  summarized. 

In  Kansas,  Maine,  Michigan,  Rhode  Island,  Wash- 
ington (since  1913),  and  Wisconsin  there  is  no  capital 
punishment.  In  the  other  states,  even  if  there  are 
no  explicit  provisions  regarding  insane  prisoners,  the 


executive  authority  presumably  is  empowered  to  grant 
a  stay  of  execution  to  a  prisoner  under  sentence  of 
death  who  becomes  insane.  The  death  penalty  in 
such  cases  has  to  be  inflicted  as  soon  as  the  prisoner 
is  restored  to  reason. 

In  some  states  there  is  an  advisory  board  of  parole 
or  board  of  pardons  to  which  all  applications  to  the 
governor  for  clemency  may  be  referred. 


Table  15.— PRISONERS  UNDER  SENTENCE   OF   DEATH  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR   INSANE. 

[For  notes  to  this  table,  see  p.  lOo.] 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are 
noted. 


Frocedure  if  prisoner  is  found 
insane. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Execution  ordered  by^ 


Alabama.. 


Arisona. 


Arkansas. 


California. 


Colorado. 


Delaware  > . 
Georgia ». . . 


If  trial  court  or  judpe  of  such  court  believes 
convict  insane,  execution  of  sentence  must 
be  suspended  lor  a  specified  length  of  time. 
Court  or  judge  may  impanel  jury  to  try 
question  of  insanity' and  may  examine  wit- 
nes<5es. 

Ifafter  defendant  is  delivered  to  superintend- 
ent of  state  prison  for  execution,  there  is 
good  reason  to  believe  he  has  become  insane, 
superintendent  must  notify  district  attor- 
ney (since  1912  cnimty  attorney)  of  county 
where  prison  is  located,  who  must  hie  in 
district  court  (since  1912  superior  court)  of 
county,  petition  stating  facts  and  asking 
inquiry.  Thereupon  court  must  cjiuse  jury 
of  12  persons  to  be  impaneled  from  reguar 
jury  list  of  county  to  hear  inquiry.  District 
attorney  (since  1912  county  attorney)  must 
attend  trial  and  may  produce  witnesses. 

If  sheriS  is  satisfied  that  reasonaMe  grounds 
exist  for  believing  convict  in^sane,  he  may 
summon  a  jury  of  12  persons,  which  must 
examine  person,  hear  evidence  presented, 
and  by  a  written  inquisition  find  as  to  in- 
sanity. 

Warden  of  state  prison  must  notify  district 
attorney  of  county  in  which  prison  is  situ- 
ated, who  must  file  in  superior  court  of  the 
county  a  petition  for  an  inquiry.  Court 
must  then  summon  and  impanel  jury  of  12 
persons  to  hear  inquiry.  I'istrict  attorney 
must  attend  hearing  and  may  produce  wit- 
nesses. 


P^xecution  must  be  stayed  and  court  must 
imj)anel  jury  to  determine  whether  accused 
is  insane  at  time  of  impaneling. 


(See  preceding  column). 


If  trial  court  believes  person  re-     Trial  court  or  judgeofsuch 
stored  to  sanity,  court  or  judge        court, 
of  court  must  order  execution. 


Court  must  order  prisoner  taken 
to  state  asylum  for  insane.  Su- 
perintendent of  prison  must  sus- 
pend execution,  transmit  to  gov- 
ernor copy  of  order  committing 
prisoner  to  state  asylum,  and 
deliver  him  to  medical  superin- 
tendent of  asylum. 


Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing to  governor. 


Court  must  order  prisoner  trans- 
ferred to  a  state  hospital  for  in- 
sane to  be  kept  until  recovery. 
Warden  must  suspend  exec- 
ution, transmit  to  governor  a 
certified  copy  of  order  of  court, 
and  deliver  defendant,  with  a 
certified  copy  of  order,  to  medi- 
ica!  superintendent  of^  hospital 
named  in  order. 

Execution  must  be  stayed  until 
recovery  of  convicted  person. 
Dangerous  persons  who  have 
committed  or  attempted  to  com- 
mit murder  are  designated  by 
law  as  patients  to  be  confined  in 
criminal  ward  of  stale  insane 
asylum. 


Superintendent  of  asylum  must 
notify  governor,  who  must  issue 
a  warrant  appointing  a  day  for 
execution. 


When  an  execution  has  been  sus- 
pended, governor  by  warrant  to 
sheriff  fixes  day  of  execution. 


Superintendent  of  hospital  must 
notify  governor,  who  must  issue 
to  warden  a  warrant  appointing 
a  day  for  execution. 


Governor. 


Governor. 


CJovemor. 


Idaho. 


Governor,  upon  receiving  satis  actory  evidence 
that  person  convicted  has-become  Insane 
since  conviction,  may  appoint  a  board  of  ex- 
pert physicians  to  examme  person  and  report 
result. 


Sheriff  of  county,  with  concurrence  of  judge 
of  trial  court,  may  summon  from  list  of  jurors 
selected  by  the  commissioners  for  the  year 
jury  of  12  persoas  to  try  question  of  insanity. 
Prosecuting  attorney  of  county  must  attend 
inquisition  and  may  produce  witnesses. 


Governor,  if  convinced  of  insanity 
of  prisoner,  may  commit  him  to 
Slate  Sanitarium. 


Sheriff  mtist  suspend  execution  of 
judgment  until  he  receives  war- 
rant from  governor  or  judge  of 
court  which  sentenced  prisoner 
directing  execution  of  judgment, 
Sheriff  must  immediately  trans- 
mit finding  of  jury  to  governor. 


tjuperintendent  of  sanitarium 
must  not  ify  judge  of  court  which 
convicted  prisoner.  The  judge, 
if  convinced  of  recovery  by  cer- 
tificate of  superintendent,  by 
inquisition,  or  otherwise,  must 
have  convict  removed  to  jail 
and  must  again  pass  sentence 
and  issue  a  warrant  directing 
sheriff  to  execute  sentence  at 
specified  time  and  place. 

Governor  may  issue  a  warrant  ap- 
pointing a  day  for  execution. 


Governor  or  judge  of  court 
which  sentenced  pris- 
oner. 


104 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  15.— PRISONERS  UNDER  SENTENCE  OF  DEATH  WHO  BECOME  OR  APPEAR   INSANE— Continued. 

[For  notes  to  this  table  see  p.  105.] 


Illinois. 


Iowa. 


Eentucby.. 


Loui'^iana' 

Massachusetts.. 


Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are 
noted. 


Procedure  if  prisoner  is  found 
insane. 


Procedure  upon  recovery. 


Execution  must  be  stayed  until  recovery  of 
accused.  Court  must  impanel  jury  to  deter- 
mine whether  accused  is  insane  at  time  of 
impaneling. 

Warden  of  penitentian.',  if  satisfied  that  there 
are  reasonable  grounds  for  believing  prisoner 
insane,  must  notify  commissioners  of  insan- 
ity of  county  where  penitentiary  is  located, 
who  must  examine  prisoner,  hear  anv  evi- 
dence that  may  be  presentea.and  find  as  to 
his  insanity  in  a  report  signed  by  not  less 
than  a  majoritv  of  them. 

Sheriff,  if  satisfied  that  there  are  reasonable 
grounds  for  believing  prisoner  insane,  may 
summon  a  jury  of  12  persons  on  jury  list 
drawn  by  clerkto  examine  prisoner  as  to  his 
sanity  aiid  hear  any  evidence  presented. 
Finding  as  to  insanity  must  be  signed  by 
each  member  of  jury. 


Warden  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  re- 
port of  commissioners  of  insanity 
to  governor. 


Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing to  governor. 


Governor  issues  a  warrant  fixing 
a  day  for  execution. 


Governor  issues  a  warrant  fizJng  a 
day  for  execution. 


Execution  ordered  by- 


Governor. 


Governor. 


Minnesota. 
Mississippi 


Montana. 


Nebraska . 


Nevada . 


New  Hampshire. 


New  York  6. 


North  Dakota.. 


Ohio. 


OMahoma^ . 


If  governor  and  coxincil  are  satisfied  that  con- 
vict has  become  insane,  governor,  with  ad- 
vice and  consent  of  council,  may  from  time 
to  time  for  stated  periods  respite  execution 
of  sentence  untU  satisfied  that  convict  is  no 
longer  insane. 


Governor  may  delay  issue  of  a  warrant  or  re- 
spite theexecutiori  thereof  from  timetotime. 

Sheriff,  wirh  concurrence  of  judfre  of  circuit 
court  or  of  chancellor  or  president  of  board  of 
supervisors  inabseneeof  circuit  Judge,  must 
summon  6  physicians,  if  these  are  to  be  had. 
and,  if  not,  other  discreet  and  experienced 
freeholders  and  electors  of  county  to  inquire 
into  supDosed  insanity.  Sheriff  must  sum- 
mon and  swear  all  necessary  witnesses. 

Sheriff  may  summon  jury  of  12  competent 
jurors  to  inquire  into  supposed  insanity. 
Prosecuting  attorney  must  attend  inquiry 
and  may  produce  witnesses. 

Sheriff,  with  concurrence  of  judge  of  court 
which  convicted  prisoner,  may  summon 
jury  of  12  persons  to  inquire  into  supposed 
insanity.  County  attorney  must  attend  m- 
quisition  and  may  produce  witnesses. 

Warden  or  sheriff  must  notify  judge  of  district 
court  of  district  in  which  convict  was  sen- 
tenced ,who  may  suspend  execut  ion  if  neces- 
sary and  may  appoint  the  3  superintendents 
of  the  state  insane  asylums  as  a  commission 
to  examine  him. 

Warden,  with  concurrence  of  judge  of  district 
court  of  county  in  which  prLsou  is  situated, 
may  summon'jury  of  12  persons  to  inquire 
into  supposed  insanity.  District  attorney 
of  the  county  must  attend  inquiry  and  may 
produce  witne^es.s 

Governor,  with  advice  of  council,  may  respite 
execution  from  time  to  lime  for  stated  pe- 
riods, until  they  have  had  suflicient  oppor- 
tunity for  investigation,  or  the  cause  (insan- 
ity )_is  removed. 

Sherin  of  county  in  which  conviction  took 
place,  with  concurrence  of  a  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  or  the  county  judge  of  the 
county,  must  impanel  jury  of  12  persons  to 
examme  into  supposed  insanity.  District 
attorney  of  the  county  must  attend  inquiry 
and  may  produce  witiiesses. 


Sheriff  of  county  in  which  conviction  took 
place,  upon  notice  from  warden  of  peniten- 
tiaiy,  must  notify  judge  of  district  court  in 
which  convict  was  sentenced  and  state's  at- 
torney, and  must  summon  jury  of  6  persons. 
Jud^e,  clerk  of  court,  and  state's  attorney 
must  attend  inquiry. 

Sheriff  must  notify  a  judge  of  court  of  common 
pleas  of  the  judicial  district  and  summon 
jury  of  12  persons  to  inqufre  into  supposed 
insanity  at  a  time  and  place  to  be  fixed  by 
judge.  Jud?e,  clerk  of  court,  and  prose- 
cuting attorney  must  attend  inquiry. 

Sheriff  of  county  or  subdivision,  with  concur- 
rence of  judse  of  court  by  which  jud^ouent 
was  rendered,  may  summon  jury  of  12  per- 
sons to  inquire  into  supposed  insanity. 
County  attorney  must  attend  inquiry  arid 
may  pruduce  witnesses. 


(See  preceding  column) . 


When  execution  has  been  respited, 
sentence  of  death  must  be  exe- 
cuted within  week  beginning  on 
day  next  after  day  on  which 
term  of  respite  expires.  War- 
den of  state  prison  appoints  a 
day  within  such  week  for  execu- 
tion. 


Warden  of  state  prison. 


Sheriff  must  immediately  transmit 
finding  of  jiuy  to  governor  and 
suspend  execution. 


Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 


Sheriff  must  immediately  trans- 
mit verdict  of  jury  to  governor 
and  suspend  execution. 


Judge  must  suspend  execution;  he 
may  at  any  time  order  investiga- 
tion by  the  commission  as  to 
continuance  of  insanity. 


Warden  must  immediately  trans- 
mit finding  of  jury  to  governor 
and  suspend  execution. 


Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing of  jury  to  governor,  who  may 
order  convict  removed  to  a  state 
hospital  for  insane  convicts  or 
insane  criminals. 


Judge  must  suspend  execution, 
and  sheriff  must  immediately 
transmit  finding  of  jury  to  gov- 
ernor. 


Judge  must  suspend  execution 
and  sheriff  must  immediately 
transmit  finding  of  jury  to  gov- 
ernor. 


Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing of  jury  to  governor. 


Governor  must  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing day  for  execution. 


Governor,  as  soon  as  he  is  con- 
vinced of  sanity  of  convict,  may 
issue  warrant  appotuting  time 
and  place  of  execution. 

Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing day  for  execution. 


Judge  must  appoint  day  for  ex- 
ecution. 


Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing day  for  execution. 


Governor. 


Medical  superintendent  must  no- 
tify State  Commission  in  Lunacy 
and  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  district  in  which  hos- 
pital is  situated ,  who  must  make 
mquiry,  and  if  convinced  that 
patient  has  recovered,  must  so 
certify  to  clerk  of  court  in  which 
convict  was  sentenced  and  cause 
convict  to  be  returned  to  cus- 
tody of  sheriff  of  county  from 
which  be  came. 

Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing time  for  execution. 


Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing time  for  execution. 


Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap-     Governor,  or  a  majority  ol 
pointing  day  for  execution.  thejudges  of  the  supremo 

court. 


Governor  or  judge  of  court 
which  convicted  prisoner. 


Judge  of  district  court  of 
district  in  which  convict 
was  originally  sentenced. 


Governor  or  judge  of  d  istrict 
court  of  county  in  which 
state  prison  is  situated. 


oovemor 


Governor. 


SUMMARY  OF  LAWS.  105 

Table  15.— PRISONERS   UNDER  SENTENCE   OF  DEATH   WHO   BECOME   OR  APPEAR  INSANE— Continued. 


STATE. 

Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are 
noted. 

Procedure  if  prisoner  is  found 
insane. 

Procedure  upon  recovery. 

Execution  ordered  by — 

Oregon  8 

South  Dakota 

Texas  ° 

Sheriff  of  county  or  subdivision,  with  concur- 
rence of  judtre  of  court  by  which  judgment 
was  rendered,  may  summon  jury  of  12  per- 
sons   to   inquire   into   supposed    insanity. 
County  attorney  must  attend  inquiry  and 
may  produce  witnesses. 

SheriS  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing of  jury  to  governor. 

Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing day  for  execution. 

Governor,  or  a  majority  of 
the  judges  of  the  supreme 
court. 

Utah 

Sheriff  of  county,  with  concurrence  of  judge  of 
court  by  which  judt^ment  was  rendered,  may 
summon  jury  of  12  persons  to  inquire  into 
supposed  insanity.    County  attorney  must 
attend  inquiry  and  may  produce  witnesses. 

Sheriff  must  notify  a  jud<;e  of  district  court  of 
the  judicial  district  and  summon  jury  of  12 
persons  to  inquire  into  supposed  insanity. 
Judge,  clerk  of  court,  and  prosecuting  attor- 

Sheriff  must  suspend  execution 
and  immediately  transmit  find- 
ing of  jury  to  board  of  pardons. 

Judge    must    suspend    execution 
and  sheriff  must  immediately 
transmit  finding  of  jury  to  gov- 
ernor. 

Board  of  pardons  (composed  of 
governor,  justices  of  supreme 
court,  and  attorney  general) 
may  issue  warrant  appointing 
day  for  execution. 

Governor  may  issue  warrant  ap- 
pointing time  for  execution. 

President  of  board  of  par- 

dons, or  judge  of  court  by 
which  judgment  was  ren- 
dered. 

NOTES  TO  TABLE  15. 

^  See  Table  10  for  provisions  concerning  prisoners  who  become  insane  after  conviction  of  capital  charge  but  before  sentence. 

aSee  also  Table  14,  note  5. 

^No  statutory  provisions  prior  to  act  approved  July  1,  1910.     (See  Table  10,  note?,  third  and  fourth  paragraphs.) 

^See  also  Table  14. 

s  According  to  a  law  which  appears  for  the  first  time  in  the  Revised  Laws  of  Nevada,  1912,  attorney  general  as  well  as  district  attorney  must  attend  inquiry  and 
may  produce  witnesses. 

«  The  provisions  shown  in  the  table  were  amended  in  1910  so  as  to  be  substantially  as  follows: 

Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  Tzo/ed.— Governor  may  appoint  a  commission  of  3  persons  to  examine  into  supposed  insanity.  District  attorney  of  county 
in  which  murder  was  committed  must  attend  inquiry  and  may  produce  witnesses. 

PTocedure  if  prisoner  is  found  insane.— Vianlen  must  suspend  execution;  governor  may  order  convict  removed  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane  convicts. 

Procedure  upon  recovenj. —lledioal  superintendent  must  notify  State  Commission  in  Lunacy  (now  State  Hospital  Commission)  and  a  justice  of  supreme  court  of 
district  in  whicn  hospital  is  situated,  who  must  make  inquiry,  and  if  convinced  that  patient  has  recovered,  must  so  certify  to  clerk  of  court  in  which  convict  was 
sentenced  and  cause  convict  to  be  returned  to  custody  of  wardein  of  state  prison  from  which  he  came. 

Authority  ordering  execiUion. — Governor. 

'The  provisions  shoiivn  in  the  table  were  amended  in  1913  so  as  to  be  substantially  as  follows; 

Procedure  when  indications  of  insanity  are  no  fed.— Warden  must  notify  county  attorney  of  county  in  which  prison  is  situated,  who  must  immediately  file  in  district 
or  superior  court  of  county  a  petition  asking  that  question  of  insanity  be" investigated.  Court  must  then  cause  jury  of  12  persons  to  be  impaneled.  County  attorney 
must  attend  inquiry  and  may  produce  witnesses. 

Procedure  if  pri'soner  is  found  insam.— Court  must  order  prisoner  removed  to  a  state  hospital  for  insane.  Warden  must  suspend  execution,  notify  governor  of  order 
of  court,  and  deliver  prisoner  to  superintendent  of  hospital. 

Procedure  upon  recor fry. ^Superintendent  must  notify  governor,  who  must  issue  warrant  appointing  day  for  execution. 

Authority  ordering  execution. — Governor. 

8  See  Table  14.    The  provisions  summarized  there  apply  to  all  persons  confined  in  the  state  prison. 

B  Only  statutory  provision  is  to  the  effect  that  no  person  who  becomes  insane  after  he  is  found  guilty  shall  be  punished  for  the  offense  while  in  such  condition. 


GENERAL  TABLES 

INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS 


(107) 


108 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  1.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS,  19:0: 


msnruTioN. 


United  States. 


ALABAMA. 
Total , 

Public: 

The  Bryce  Hospital,  Tuscaloosa 

The  Mount  Vernon  Hospital,  Mount  Vernon. , 

ARIZONA. 

Total 

PnbUc: 

Territorial  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  Phoenix. . 


ARKANSAS. 
Total 

Public: 

State  Hospital  for  Nervous  Diseases,  Little  Root. 

CALIFORNIA. 
Total 

Public: 

Agnew  State  Hospital,  Agnew 

Mendocino  State  Hospital,  Talmage 

Napa  St-ite  Hospital,  Napa 

Southern  California  State  Ilospitil,  Patton 

Stocliton  State  Hospital,  Stockton 

Private: 

Clark's  Sanitarium,  Stockton 

Livermore  Sanitarium,  Livermore 

Osborne  Hall,  Santa  Clara 


COLORADO. 

Total 

Public: 

Colorado  State  Insane  Asylum,  Pueblo , 

Denver  City  and  County  Hospital,  Denver. 
Private: 

Mount  .Viry  Sanatorium,  Denver 

Woodcroft "Hospital,  Pueblo 


CONNECTICUT. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Connecticut  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Middletown.. 

Norwich  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Norwich 

Private: 

Crest  View  Sanatorium,  Greenwich 

Dr.  Barnes  Sanitarixun,  Stamford 

Dr.  Givens'  Sanitarium,  Stamford 

Dr.  McFarland's  Sanitarium,  Green's  Farms 

Dr.  Wadsworth's  Sanitarium,  South  Norwalk 

Elmcroft  Sanitarium,  EnDeld 

Grand  View  SaniUmum,  Norwich 

Hartford  Retreat,  Hartford 

Kensett,  Norwalk 

Spring  Hill  Sanitarium,  Litchfield 

The  Westport  Sanitarium,  AVestport 

DELAWARE. 

Total 

Poblio: 

Delaware  State  Hospital,  Famburst 


DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Total 

PubUo: 

Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Washington,  D.  C.. 

FLORIDA. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Florida  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Chattahoochee 

GEORGIA. 
Total 

Public: 

Georgia  State  Sanitarium,  MilledgeviUe , 

Private: 

Allen's  Invalid  Home,  MilledgeviUe 


IDAHO. 
Total 

Public: 

The  Idaho  Insane  Asylum,  Blackfoot 

The  Northern  Idaho  Insane  Asylum,  Orotino.. 


INSANE  IN  HOSPTTALS. 


Enumerated  on  January  1, 1910. 


Total. 


137,791 


2,039 

1,429 
610 


337 

337 

1,092 
1,092 

6,652 

69S 

856 

1,841 

1,270 

1," 

40 

49 

3 

1,199 

882 
128 

16 
173 

3,579 

2,436 
623 

10 

38 

183 

49 

5 

6 

2 

156 

3 

10 

58 

441 

441 

2,890 
2,890 


3,132 

3,082 

50 


259 
129 


669 
312 


265 
265 

529 
529 

4,115 

410 
592 

1,044 
793 

1,232 

22 
20 

2 


68; 


508 
72 


6 
101 


1,680 

1,135 
329 


237 
237 

2,170 
2,170 

446 
446 

1,531 
1,509 

22! 

256 

164 
921 


1,058 

760 
298 


72 

72 

563 
S63 

2,637 

28S 
264 
79: 
47: 
663 

18 

29 

1 

512 

374 

66 

10 
72 

1,899 

1,301 
294 

10 
23 
107 
27 
4 
5 


2(M 

204 

720 
720 


1,601 

1,573 

28 

132 

95 

37 


White. 


1,320 
1,320 


157 
157 

903 
903 


322 
330 
891 
745 
867 

28 
36 
2 


706 


479 
87 


14 
126 


2,278 

1,421 
411 


27 
163 

38 
5 
6 
1 
137 
3 

10 

47 


284 

264 

1,565 
1,665 

333 
333 

2,122 

2,073 

49 

228 

163 
03 


•3 


•3 
a 


60,644 


607 
607 


12.5 
125 


177 
206 
475 
431 
519 

15 
14 

1 


383 


25S 
52 


1,116 

695 
225 


142 
142 

1,170 
1,170 

182 
182 

1,031 

1,010 

21 

137 

91 
46 


54,758 


713 
713 


32 
32 

470 
470 

1,383 

145 
124 
416 
314 
348 

13 

22 

1 

323 

221 
35 


1,162 

726 
186 


122 

122 

395 
395 

151 
151 

1,091 

1,063 

28 


Foreign  twm. 


162 
162 

33 
33 


336 
440 
832 
445 
819 

12 
12 
1 


307 
32 


959 
179 


66 
66 

C68 
668 

47 

47 

31 

30 

1 


126 
126 

20 
20 

1,847 

201 
315 
472 
302 
544 

7 

5 


202 
16 


32 


411 

87 


36 
36 

599 
699 

33 

33 

14 
13 
1 


1,050 

135 
125 
3G0 
143 
275 


105 
16 


548 
92 


>  o 


4,726 


74 


Colored. 


673 


63 
610 


10 
10 

151 
151 

368 

15 

57 
57 

72 
167 


655 
656 


979 
979 


28 
312 


8 
8 

72 
72 

322 

13 
52 
49 

54 
154 


36 


203 
203 

486 
486 


6,489 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


109 


SUMMARY  BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS. 


mSAHE  IN 

HOSPITALS— continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

White. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
for  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 

insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  bom. 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 

in  1910. 

& 

1 

a> 

3 

o 

•3 

a 

3 

o 

1 

a 

8,838 

a 

B 

3 
0 

Eh 
4,587 

1 
2,470 

4 

a 

■3 
0 

Eh 

4 

s 

■3 

a 

_; 
03 

■a 
a 

1 

0 
305 

223 

a 

& 

82 

0 
3,803 

1 
1,896 

•3 

a 
& 

1,907 

1 

Eh 
1,501 

■3 

a 

923 

d 

-3 
B 

578 

60,769 

34,116 

26,653 

39,629 

22,190 

17,439 

15,523 

P.,  685 

1,030 

2,117 

29.304 

437 

400 

37 

46 
46 

96 
96 

772 

22 
106 
130 
235 
164 

62 

51 

2 

272 

57 
155 

11 

49 

643 

195 
136 

6 
23 

93 

49 
3 
8 
5 

89 
1 
3 

32 

63 
63 

300 
300 

111 
111 

606 
402 
104 

94 

63 
31 

16,193 

255 

228 
27 

39 
39 

53 
53 

498 

7 
81 
85 
137 
121 

44 
22 

1 

180 

40 
113 

4 
23 

329 

114 
74 

...... 

45 

20 

1 

4 
2 
47 

""ii 

3- 
37 

218 
218 

60 
60 

303 

231 

72 

71 

47 
24 

13,111 

182 

172 
10 

7 
7 

43 
43 

274 

15 
25 
45 

98 
43 

18 

29 

1 

92 

17 
42 

7 
26 

314 

81 
62 

6 

12 

48 

29 

2 

4 

3 

42 

1 

3 

21 

26 
26 

82 
82 

51 
51 

203 
171 
32 

23 

16 
7 

18,924 

11,045 

7,879 

1 

831 

887 
244 

135 
135 

255 
255 

1,989 

113 
240 

439 
493 
508 

92 

101 

3 

722 

353 
271 

27 

n 

1,155 

402 

284 

10 
33 
130 
82 

1? 

14 

118 

2 

4 

53 

127 
127 

597 
597 

325 
325 

1,112 
995 
117 

203 

102 
101 

444 

325 
119 

104 
104 

152 
152 

1,279 

54 

184 
267 
300 
356 

66 
52 

462 

233 
186 

13 
30 

593 

232 
147 

3 

15 

57 

38 

2 

7 

7 

59 

'""26 

78 
78 

426 

426 

1% 
196 

623 

542 

81 

155 

79 
76 

387 

262 
125 

31 
31 

103 
103 

710 

59 
56 
172 
193 
152 

26 
49 
3 

260 

120 

85, 

H 
41 

562, 

170 
137 

7 
18 
73 
44 

4 
10 

7 
S9 

2 

4 
27 

49 

49 

171 

171 

129 

129 

489 
453 
36 

48 

23 
25 

566 
566 

310 
310 

256 
256 

18 
18 

12 
12 

6 
6 

247 

3 
244 

6 
6 

33 
33 

97 

2 
13 
17 
31 
32 

1 

1 

122 

3 
119 

5 

5 

17 
17 

79 

1 

11 
16 
24 
26 

1 
1 

125 
■"i25 

1 

1 

le 

16 
18 

1 

2 
2 

7 
6 

327 

145 
182 

44 
44 

118 
118 

608 

37 
57 
185 
145 
164 

13 
7 

157 

73 

84 

36 
36 

68 
68 

414 

25 
52 

112 
96 

112 

12 
5 

170 

72 
98 

8 
8 

50 
50 

194 

12 

5 
73 
49 
52 

1 
2 

? 

1 

{ 

4 

66 
66 

216 
216 

1,118 

67 
123 
238 
300 
261 

50 
78 

1 

484 

218 
185 

20 
61 

755 

234 
175 

10 
24 
98 
44 

6 
16 
10 
90 
2 
3 
43 

79 
79 

357 
357 

144 
144 

701 
589 
112 

123 

68 
55 

55 
55 

130 
130 

675 

28 

92 
134 
182 
166 

34 

39 

308 

155 
121 

9 
23 

395 

133 
104 

3 
9 
45 
19 
2 
6 
4 
49 

""ii 

48 
48 

276 
276 

90 
90 

406 

329 

77 

89 

50 
39 

11 
11 

86 
86 

443 

39 
31 
104 
118 
95 

16 
39 

1 

176 

63 
64 

11 
38 

360 

101 
71 

7 
15 
S3 
25 

4 
10 

6 
41 

2 

3 
22 

31 
31 

81 
81 

54 
54 

296 
260 
35 

34 

18 
16 

59 
59 

6 
6 

721 

42 
104 
178 
154 
195 

24 

22 
2 

187 

96 
74 

7 
10 

371 

161 

89 

40 
40 

5 
5 

486 

24 
81 

114 
86 

152 

17 
12 

133 

65 
57 

4 

7 

186 

96 
35 

19 
19 

1 
1 

235 

18 
23 
64 
68 
43 

7 
10 
2 

54 

31 
17 

3 
3 

185 

65 
54 

4 
4 

53 

2 
..... 

8 
20 

17 

1 

1 

... 

1 
1 

6 

1 
1 

12 

1 

1 

9 

7 

K 

3 

12 

12 

26 

1 
14 
1 
2 
3 

4 

21 

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1 
1 
2 

2 

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9 

in 

4 

4 

4 
4 

19 

n 

1 

1 

14 

2 
10 

? 

15 

3 

2 
1 

151 

2 
1 

114 

16 

37 

1 
70 

1 
48 

22 

17 

18 
It 

32 

27 
5 

19 

12 

7 

9 

6 
3 

10 

6 

4 

115 

66 
28 

13 
8 

311 

187 
71 

82 

50 
18 

8 
6 

172 

103 
41 

33 

16 
10 

5 
2 

139 

84 
30 

7 

2 

5 

1 

1 

36 

3 
113 

36 

1 
6 

2 
2 

6 
2 

35 

2 

77 

IS 

1 

5 

..... 
3 

1 
36 

18 
..... 

2 

1 
3 
2 

25 

6 
39 

73 

3 
4 

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2 
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28 

07 

8 
31 

38 

6 
11 
19 

2 
20 
19 

..... 

1 

1 

9 
13 
11 

5 
8 
5 

4 
5 
6 

28 

2 

2 

29 
30 

1 

4 

28 

1 
3 
10 

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1 
18 

1'> 

12 

6 

6 

1 

1 

... 

10 

6 

4 

33 
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1 

10 

23 
23 

85 
85 

21 
21 

13 
8 
5 

74 

32 
42 

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15 
15 

72 
72 

14 
14 

9 
S 
4 

62 

27 
35 

1 

5 

8 

8 

13 
13 

7 
7 

4 
3 

1 

12 

5 
7 

1 
7 

48 
48 

279 

279 

118 
118 

455 

446 

9 

33 

23 
10 

4 

23 
23 

206 

206 

76 
76 

241 
236 

5 

23 

15 

8 

1 
3 

25 
25 

73 

73 

42 
42 

214 

210 

4 

10 

8 
2 

^5 

7 

2 

£ 

10 

5 

s 

"^6 

2 
2 

2 

2 

7 
7 

3 
3 

23 
23 

153 
153 

153 
153 

395 
395 

14 
14 

77 
77 

90 
90 

207 
207 

9 
9 

76 
76 

63 
63 

188 
188 

37 

IS 

4 
4 

4 
4 

... 

9 
9 

4 
4 

5 
S 

16 
16 

1 
1 

14 

IS 

15 

1 
1 

6 

1 
1 

8 

39 
40 

41 

41 

2 

2 

4t 

44 

2 

46 

46 

2 

34 
34 

12 
12 

14 

6 

8 

41; 

3 
■■■■3 

3 

2 

1 

3 

2 

1 

4A 

47 

48 

110 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS,  1910:  SUMMARY 


INSTirUTION. 


ILLINOIS. 
Total 

Public: 

Anna  State  Hospital,  Anna 

Chester  State  Hospital,  Menard 

Elgin  State  Hospital,  Elgin 

Jackson.  iUe  State  Hospital,  Jacksonville 

Kankakee  State  Hospital,  Kankakee 

Peoria  State  Hospital,  Peoria 

Watertown  State  Hospital,  Watertowu 

Cook  County  Hospital  for  Insane,  Dunning.. 

Madison  County  Poor  Farm,  Edwardsville. . 
Private: 

Bellevue  Place  Sanitarium,  Batavia 

Maplewood,  Jac  ksonville 

Oak  La\\Ti  Sanitarium,  Jacksonville 

The  Ransom  Sanitarium,  Rockford 


INDIANA. 

Total 

Public: 

Central  Indiana  Hospital  for  Insane,  Indianapolis 

Eastern  Indiana  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Ricnmond 

Northern  Hospital  for  Insane,  Logansport 

Southeastern  Ilospital  for  t..e  Insane,  Madison 

The  Southern  Indiana  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  EvansviUe. 

Marion  County  Asylum  for  Incurable  Insane,  Julietta 

Private: 

Dr.  W,  B.  Fletcher's  Sanatorium,  Indianapolis 

Norways,  Indianapolis 


IOWA. 
Total 

Public: 

Cherokee  State  Ilospital,  Cherokee 

Clarinda  State  Ilospital,  Clarinda 

Independence  State  Ilospital,  Independence 

Mount  Pleasant  State  Hospital,  Mount  Pleasant 

Allamakee  County  Home,  Waukon 

Boone  County  Home  and  Hospital,  Boone 

Bremer  County  Asylum,  Waverly 

C«dar  County  Asylum,  Tipton 

Cerro  Gordo  County  Hospital  for  Insane,  Mason  City 

Clayton  County  Ilospital,  Llkader '. 

Clinton  County  Home  and  Insane  Asylum,  Charlotte 

Des  Moines  County  Asylum,  Burlington 

Fayette  County  Hospital  for  Insane,  West  Union 

Hancock  County  Home,  Duncan 

Jackson  County  Home  and  Insane  Asylum,  Andrew 

Johnson  County  Home,  Iowa  City 

Keokuk  County  Home  and  Asylum,  Sigoumey 

Lee  County  Home  and  Insane  Xlospital,  Summitville 

Louisa  County  Home,  Wapello 

Mahaska  County  Home  and  Insane  Asylum,  Oskaloosa... 

Marion  County  Home,  Knoxville 

Marshall  County  Insane  Hospital.  Marshall  town 

Montgomery  County  Home  and  Asvlum,  Red  Oak 

Muscatine  County  Asvlum,  Muscatine 

Pocahontas  County  Farm  and  Insane  Asylum,  Pocahontas. 

Polk  County  Insane  Hospital,  Des  Moines 

Powesliiek  County  Insane  Asvlum,  Montezuma 

Tama  County  Home  and  Asylum,  Toledo 

Van  Buren  County  Home  and  Hospital,  Keosauqua 

Winneshiek  County  Asylum  and  Poorhouse,  Becorab 

Private: 

Mercy  Hospital,  Davenport 

St.  IJemard's  Ilospital,  Council  Bluffs 

St.  Joseph's  Sanitarium,  Dubuque 

The  Retreat,  Des  Moines 


KANSAS. 

Total  

Public: 

Hospital  for  Epileptics,  Parsons 

Osaw-.uomie  State  Hospital,  Osawatomie 

Topeka  State  Hospital,  Topeka 

Private: 

The  Boimer  Springs  Lodge  Sanitarium,  Bonner  Springs 

Elmwood  Hospital,  Leavenworth 

Evergreen  Place  Hospital,  Leavenworth 

Grand\new  Sanitarium,  _van.sas  City 

Prospect  Park  Hospital,  Atchison 

KENTUCKY. 

Total 

Public: 

Central  Kentucky  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  Lakeland 

Eastern  Kentucky  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  Lexington 

Western  Kentucky  .\s'ylum  for  the  Insane,  Hopkinsville . . . 
Private: 

Beechhurst  Sanitarium,  Louisville 

Dr.  Board's  Sanatorium,  Louisville 

Dr.  Sprague's  Sanatorium,  Lexington 


INSANE  DJ  HOSPITALS. 


Enumerated  on  January  1, 1910. 


Total. 


12,839 

1,47S 
215 
1,384 
1,440 
2,549 
2,107 
1,412 
2,174 
4 

31 
20 

16 


4,527 

1,815 
795 
978 


G,846 

800 
215 
700 
736 

1,340 

1.' 
793 

1,151 


724 
189 

21 
5 

5,377 

887 

1,054 

1,161 

1,020 

15 

29 

18 

10 

16 

49 

25 

53 

28 

21 

28 

24 

11 

19 

3 

12 

10 

36 

7 

21 

14 

117 

9 

20 

24 

23 

156 

209 

230 

18 


2,912 

303 
1,294 
1,215 

15 
19 
14 
34 

18, 


3,338^ 

1,352' 
1,063 

1,0721 

26' 
11 
14 


10 
8 
2 

2,235 

820 
392 
506 


387 
116 

12 
2 

2,8% 

494 

596 

689 

570 

6 

11 

11 

3 

10 

23 

11 

26 

13 

14 

19 

12 

6 

2 

3 

7 

3 

20 

2 

11 

9 

57 

5 

10 

10 

11 

53 
82 
90 

7 


1,694 

203 
6«3 
780 


751 
605 
585 


678 


684 

704 

1,209 

1,019 

619 

1,023 

1 

31 
10 


2,292 


995 
403 
472 


337 
73 

9 
3 

2,481 

393 

458 

472 

450 

9 

18 

7 

7 

6 

26 

14 

27 

15 

7 

9 

12 

5 

17 


5 

7 
16 

5 
10 

5 
CO 

4 
10 
14 
12 

103 
127 
140 
11 

1,218 

100 
631 
435 

7 
10 
10 
15 
10 


601 

458 
487 


White. 


Native. 


6,991 

1,178 
91 

660 
1,236 
1,247 
782 
878 
849 


1,380 
696 
750 


634 
119 


3,840 

539 

766 

883 

753 

6 

17 

8 

4 

12 

34 

15 

43 

22 

7 

13 

14 

7 

10 


23 

6 

15 

6 

75 

7 

12 

20 

16 

95 
172 
206 

14 

2,235 

257 
1,019 


1,066 
874 
795 

26 
11 
14 


3,732 

626 

91 

334 

639 
662 
416 
460 
485 


637 
336 
376 


345 


10 
2 

2,029 

293 

419 

520 

407 

2 

10 

4 

2 

7 

16 


2. 

6 

2 
11 

1 

7 

5 
37 

3 

6 


1,275 

170 
508 
550 


697 
511 
427 

13 
9 
6 


i 


3,259 
552 


Foreign  bom. 


326 
597 
585 
366' 
418 
364 


1,829 

743 
360 
374 


289 
53 


246 

347 

363 

346 

4 

7 

4 

2 

5 

18 

7 

24 

13 

2 

5 

7 

3 

10 


5 
5 

12 
6 
8 
1 

38 
4 
6 

11 
7 

57 

106 

125 

8 


87 
511 
318 

6 
7 
10 
13 
8 


1,224 

469 
363 
368 

13 
2 


4,103 

14S 

75 

494 

162 

1,005 

605 

483 

1,222 

4 

2 
1 
1 
1 


224 
74 
187 


323 
220 
267 
182 
9 
12 
6 
6 
4 
15 
10 
8 
6 
14 
14 
10 
4 
8 
1 
1 
3 
10 
1 
6 
8 
28 
2 
8 
3 
7 


27 
202 


1 

2 

151 

114 
24 
13 


2,185 


75 
252 

73 
520 
262 
297 
61: 
3 


89 
42 
109 


186 
133 
161 
112 
4 
I 


14 
16 
9 
1 

333 

22 
121 


a 

P4 


1,918 

58 


485 
243 
186 
610 
1 

2 
1 


135 
32 

781 


137 
87 
106 
70 
5 
11 
1 
5 
1 


5 
81 
100 

1 
1 


1,378 


5 

218 

11 

288 

757 

14 

45 


150 

7 
39 


Colored. 


64 


143 

1 

73 

50 


570 

162 
165 
243 


235 

44 
44 
7 
16 
18 
41 
29 
36 


17 


84 
143 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


Ill 


BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


mSANE  IN 

HOSPITALS— continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

White. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
for  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  bom. 

II 

150 

7 
2 
1 
6 
65 
24 

"'"45 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

Eh 

i 

i 

1 

0 

s 

B 

1 

si 

i 

0 

Eh 

a; 

81 

19 
6 

■"13 
4 
3 
4 
30 
2 

0? 

■3 

a 

62 

12 
..... 

5 
6 
4 
2 
21 

3 

Eh 

.2 

i 

B 

1 

Eh 

a 

a 

■3 
0 

34 

1 

31 

"3 

B 
& 

3 

S 
0 

Eh 
40 

6 

.2 
"3 

S 
& 

16 
2 

5 
0 

0 
"3 

i 

a 

4,053 

396 

34 

363 

502 

663 

360 

329 

1,202 

6 

34 

S3 
4 

77 

1,270 

391 
152 
294 
123 
181 
42 

87 

2,319 

224 
34 
188 
298 
353 
227 
175 
737 
6 

■■"■34 
1 

43 

672 

236 
70 

152 
73 
85 
24 

32 

1,734 

172 

""175 
204 
310 
133 
154 
465 
1 

34 
49 
3 
34 

598 

155 
82 

142 
50 
96 
18 

65 

2,580 

326 
18 
232 
402 
435 
278 
244 
467 
1 

30 
80 
3 
64 

1,077 

316 
140 
249 
106 
162 
24 

80 

1,423 

177 
18 
123 
236 
226 
171 
127 
277 

■■"33 

1 
34 

556 

189 
64 

122 
62 
75 
14 

30 

1,157 
149 

■"iog 

166 
209 
107 
117 
190 
1 

30 

47 

2 

30 

521 

127 
76 

127 
44 
87 
10 

60 

1,190 

32 
8 
128 
77 
163 
61 
79 
639 
3 

4 
3 
1 
12 

116 

36 
9 

42 
8 
6 
8 

7 

713 

22 
8 
65 
44 
83 
35 
44 
400 
3 

..... 

..... 

74 

23 
6 

29 
6 
4 
4 

2 

477 
10 

"'ia 

33 
70 
16 
35 
239 

133 

31 
6 
2 

18 

10 
7 
6 

61 
2 

1,947 

161 
11 
154 
278 
1% 
ISl 
240 
564 
3 

25 
76 

1 
57 

676 

144 

53 

195 

6 

119 

1,147 

86 

11 

82 

154 

118 

115 

148 

368 

3 

""35 

1 
26 

267 

90 

18 
86 
2 
47 

800 

76 

""'72 
124 

78 
66 
92 
196 

25 
41 

""ii 

309 

54 

36 

109 

3 

72 

1,362 

160 
4 
130 
128 
238 
214 
103 
356 
1 

8 
2 

1 
8 

435 

167 
66 
86 
20 
55 
31 

12 

784 

101 
4 
79 
83 
131 
113 
56 
209 
1 

2 

5 

277 

119 
32 
53 
13 
39 
18 

3 

568 
59 

""si 

45 
107 
101 

47 
146 

24 
3 

40 

2 

1 
1 
2 
2 

1 

33 

1 

1 
1 
1 
1 

1 

7 
1 

""i 
1 

1 

18 
2 
11 

18 

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^ 

10 
2 
1 

14 
3 
2 

9 

2 

..... 

3 

1 

1 
..... 

8 

4 
S 
f 

f 

1 

3 
16 

3 
13 

"3 

1 

ir 

4 
2 
1 

4 

42 

13 
3 

13 
2 
2 
4 

6 

8 
..... 

3 

158 

48 

33 

32 

7 

16 
13 

9 

11 

..  1 

.... 

2 
1 

2 
1 

7 
2 
3 

42 

30 
2 

6 
2 
3 

18 
15 

1 

24 

15 
2 

r 

ir 

1 

30 

16 
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5 
3 
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2 

2 

14 

47 

24 
3 
2 
4 

10 
i 

24 

16 
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2 
4 

1 

23 

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1 

I 
3 

476 

438 
33 

1 

208 

191 
16 

267 

247 
18 

1 

V 

K 

r 

u 

n 

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1 
2 

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71 

60 

24 

36 

10 

3 

7 

r 

2r 

1,511 

221 
291 
292 
215 
2 

e 

863 

140 
174 
159 
IIS 

2 

648 

81 
117 
133 
97 
2 
3 

1,203 

145 
242 
243 
157 
2 
3 

672 

91 
144 
131 

81 

2 

631 

64 

98 

112 

76 

2 

1 

271 

69 
41 
47 
43 

16C 

44 

25 
27 
25 

105 

26 
16 
20 
18 

26 

6 
7 
1 
9 

12 

2 
1 
1 
6 

7 

1 
..... 

4 

5 

1 

1 

■"■■2 

806 

122 
138 
148 

77 

425 

58 
82 
79 
42 

381 

64 
56 
69 
36 

496 

96 

110 

107 

82 

2 

1 

1 

1 

308 

58 
68 
77 
45 

i 

188 

38 
42 
30 
37 
2 

11 

7 

4 

28 

1 
4 
9 

13 

1 
1 
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16 

46 

31 

14 

24 

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1 
3 
6 

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K 

1 

1 

31 

1 

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X 

34 

8 
9 
1 
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6 
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5 
3 

5 
8 

5 

5 
3 

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1 
1 
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3 
1 

1 
1 

3 
3 

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2 
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1 

2 
2 

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...... 

44 

4f 

2 
1 
4 

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2 
4 

1 
1 
4 

i 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

4f 

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2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

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4f 

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5 

2 

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3 

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14 

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2 
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an 

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74 

214 

78 

77 

905 

78 
226 
393 

46 
13 
38 
102 
9 

1,227 

465 
348 
305 

38 
47 
24 

38 
129 

42 
38 

634 

52 
137 
230 

27 
5 
17 
60 
6 

735 

282 
223 

172 

29 
23 
IS 

30 
85 
36 
39 

371 

26 
89 
163 

19 
8 
21 
42 
3 

492 

183 
126 
133 

18 

24 

8 

63 

187 

74 

67 

730 

69 
190 
296 

43 

9 

31 

86 

6 

1,006 

371 
286 
241 

37 
46 
24 

22 

114 
40 
33 

426 

45 
114 
170 

26 
6 
12 
60 
4 

602 

231 
184 
131 

19 
22 
16 

31 
73 
34 
34 

304 

24 
76 
126 

17 
4 

19 
36 

2 

403 

140 
102 
110 

18 
24 
9 

20 

27 

4 

10 

104 

6 
23 
61 

3 

15 
16 
2 
6 

64 

4 

15 

36 

1 

6 
12 
2 
5 

40 

1 
8 
26 

2 

1 

1 

38 
149 
51 
73 

441 

41 
117 
154 

29 
6 
13 
77 
4 

667 

267 
158 
153 

36 
33 
21 

19 
87 
24 
32 

250 

33 
64 

82 

16 
5 
6 

43 
2 

377 

159 
96 
80 

16 
13 
16 

19 
62 
27 
41 

191 

8 
53 
72 

13 
1 
8 

34 
2 

290 

108 
63 
73 

20 
20 
6 

9 
14 
3 

2 

1 

1 

2 
20 

4 
11 

48 

"i9 

3 
4 

31 

2 
1 

1 
7 

17 

a. 

5 
4 
1 

8 

4 
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5 

1 

4 

3 

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6' 

a 

3 

68 

4 
13 
33 

42 

3 

8 
22 

26 

1 
6 
11 

286 

29 
102 
112 

6 
4 
7 
23 
4 

424 

131 
149 
140 

1 
2 

1 

196 

19 
65 
83 

3 
2 
4 
16 
3 

262 

69 

102 

79 

1 
1 

91 

10 
37 
29 

2 
2 
3 

i 

172 

62 
47 
61 

2 

2 

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1 

1 

61 

1 

2 
2 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 

m 

1 

1 

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4 

4 

64 

7 
3 
2 

45 

34 

4 
6 

1 
1 

6 
2 

1 

28 

18 
3 
6 

1 
1 

2 
1 

1 

17 

16 
1 

6 
33 

8 

18 

3 

22 
6 

11 

3 
11 
3 

7 

df 

4 

3 

1 

13 

1 

173 

67 
67 
69 

8 
1 

101 

30 
36 
36 

6 

72 

27 
22 
23 

3 

3 

m 

67 

5 

6 

... 

27 
20 

15 
10 

12 
10 

m 

6 

5 

1 

... 

1 

TJ 

6 
1 

4 

1 

2 

71 

9 
3 
S 

7 
2 
2 

2 

1 
3 

75 

1 
1 

7; 







74 

112 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS,  1910:   SUMMARY 


XNanruTioN. 

INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Enumerated  on  January  1,  1910. 

Total. 

■ 

WUte. 

Colored. 

•Native. 

Foreign  bora. 

3 

o 

6 

.2 

■3 
1 

4 

a 

■3 

a 

0 

a 

"3 

St 

3 

"a 

a 

i 

1 

LOUISIANA. 
Total 

2,158 

1,362 
553 

243 

1,258 

347 
911 

3,220 

586 

946 

92 

438 

24 

215 

9 

6 

8 

20 
38 
47 

623 

29 

7 

102 
30 

11,601 

777 

657 

1,391 

1,604 

333 

839 

586 

-11 

970 

978 

1,148 

1,316 

10 

1 
26 

^6 
224 
S 
2 
1 
1 
13 

6,699 

1,343 

1,900 

1,396 

408 

41 

758 

535 

4 

55 
259 

4,744 

479 
1,574 

478 
1,201 
1,005 

7 

1,070 

699 
279 

92 

693 

161 
532 

1,569 

316 

634 

40 

166 

12 

105 

4 

4 

4 

8 

29 

262 

10 

5 

61 

19 

6,633 

328 
657 
589 
647 
169 
456 
379 
196 
627 
372 
529 
672 

3 

io 

1 

93 

2 

1 

2 

3,679 

704 
992 
771 
348 
21 
44S 
268 

3 

29 
95 

2,755 

300 
898 
424 
629 
501 

3 

1,088 

663 
274 

151 

565 

186 
379 

1.651 

270 

412 

52 

272 

12 

110 

5 

2 

4 

12 
38 
18 
361 
19 
2 
51 
11 

5,968 

449 

""802 
957 
164 
383 
207 
515 
443 
606 
619 
644 

7 
1 

16 
1 
6 
131 
3 
2 
1 

ii 

3,020 

639 
908 
625 
60 
20 
310 
267 

1 
26 
164 

1,989 

179 
676 
54 
572 
504 

4 

1,131 

659 
279 

193 

1,072 

277 
795 

2,  .300 

451 
778 
69 
150 
17 
84 
5 

579 

373 
129 

77 

590 

130 
466 

1,157 

243 
449 
34 
58 
10 
32 
2 

552 

286 
150 

116 

476 

147 
329 

1.143 

208 

329 

35 

92 

7 

52 
3 

130 

67 
16 

47 

126 

57 
69 

476 

68 

145 

19 

84 

i 

68 

44 
10 

14 

66 

29 
37 

198 

35 
70 
6 
25 

8 

62 

23 
6 

33 

60 

28 
32 

278 

33 
75 
14 
59 
2 
1 

191 

ISS 

3 

55 

11 

44 

31 

""23 

5 

706 

448 
258 

342 

202 
140 

364 

246 
118 

Public: 

^ 

Louisiana  Hospital  for  Insane,  Pineville 

4 

Private: 

Louisiana  Retreat,  New  Orleans 

^ 

MAINE. 
Total  .   . . 

5 

2 
3 

413 
67 

3 

1 
2 

194 
38 

2 

1 
1 

219 
29 

f, 

Public: 

Rfi<!tpm  Mninp  TnsftTie  TTfv^ital,  T^angnr 

Q 

MARYLAND. 
Total 

Tublic: 

10 

Sprincfield  State  Hospital,  Sykesville 

11 

4 
199 
6 
122 
4 
6 
6 

1 
80 
2 
05 
2 
4 
2 

3 
119 
3 
67 
2 
2 
4 

I'' 

Bay  View  Asylum,  lialtimore 

n 

14 

Montovue  Asylum,  Frederick .          

Ifi 

Somerset.  (~'onnty  Home  Princess  Anne 

2 

18 
37 
42 
490 
25 
7 
97 
28 

6,831 

464 
357 
893 
799 
209 
632 
324 
298 
568 
669 
635 
756 

10 

1 
22 
2 
4 
207 
5 
2 
1 
1 
12 

3,862 

854 
1,381 
742 
218 
30 
158 
253 

2 

49 
175 

1,923 

150 
614 
193 
604 
457 

5 

2 

6 

27 

215 

9 

5 

48 

17 

3,580 

242 
357 
420 
363 
138 
302 
232 
94 
321 
259 
345 
404 

3 

... 
"9 

1 

85 

2 

]    '." 

i 

2 

2,077 

451 
728 
386 
188 
17 
86 
127 

2 
27 
65 

1,063 

70 
281 
175 
315 
219 

3 

Private: 

12 
37 
15 
275 
16 
2 
49 
11 

3,251 

222 

""473 
436 
131 
230 
92 
204 
247 
410 
290 
352 

7 
1 
13 
1 
4 
122 
3 
2 
1 

2 

1 
5 

130 
4 

2 

2 

45 

1 

10 

The  Gundry  Sanitarium,  Catonsville 

1 
3 

85 
3 

'>n 

''I 

Mnnnf.  TTnpe  Retrent.,  Arlinfrt/in   , 

3 

00 

*>? 

Riggs  Cottage,  I jamsville..                                     .  , 

''I 

The  Sheppard  and  Enoch  Pratt  Hospital,  Towson 

6 
2 

4,461 

301 

247 
479 
742 
68 
295 
245 
381 
383 
294 
492 
520 

3 
2 

1,894 

86 
247 
166 
256 

28 
146 
138 

92 
196 
109 
178 
245 

2 

O"! 

% 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
Total .... 

2,567 

216 

""313 
480 
30 
149 
107 
289 
188 
185 
314 
275 

86 

1 
15 

6 
30 

6 

7 

11 

i 

3 

6 

223 

11 

38 
13 
33 

113 

1 
38 

3 
16 

110 
10 

""io 

17 

97 

Public: 

Boston  State  Hospital,  Dorchester  Center  . 

?« 

•>q 

Danvers  State  Hospital,  Hathome. . .             

sn 

11 

T> 

Northampton  State  Hospital,  Northampton 

12 
10 
21 
19 
14 
18 
34 

8 
5 
4 

11 
4 
5 

18 

4 
5 
17 
8 
10 
13 
16 

si 

?4 

State  Infirmary,  Tewkesbury .. .                     

S^i 

Taunton  State  Hospital.  Taunton 

Ifi 

37 

Worcester  State  Asylum,  Worcester. 

SS 

?0 

Boumewood,  Brookline 

40 

4 

' 

3 

^0 

The  Highlands,  Winchendon 

4'? 

2 
17 



8 

2 
9 

44 

McLean  Hospital.  Waverly 

4*1 

4H 

Norwood  Private  Hospital  for  Mental  Diseases,  Norwood 

Pme  Terrace,  Baldwinsviile 

47 

4S 

40 

10 

1,785 

403 
653 
356 
30 
13 
72 
126 

22 

110 

860 

80 
233 

18 
289 
238 

2 

1 

2,493 

459 
432 
536 
161 
11 
553 
260 

2 
6 
83 

2,725 

303 
1,046 
275 
571 
628 

2 

1,410 

237 
231 
317 
129 
4 
331 
129 

1 
2 
29 

1,635 

223 
607 
240 
294 
271 

1 

1,083 

222 
201 
219 
22 
7 
222 
131 

1 
4 
54 

1,090 

80 
439 

35 
277 
257 

2 

50 

MICHIGAN. 
Total .... 

244 

13 
70 
107 
11 

100 

17 
17 
11 
28 

58 

12 
5 
3 

23 

42 

5 
12 
8 
5 

"il 

Public: 

'pp^t'^'Ti  Mt^higftTi  Asylnm    POTltllV* 

5? 

M 

Northern  Michigan  .\sylum,  Traverse  City 

54 

State  Asylum,  Ionia 

5*1 

State  Psychopathic  Hospital,  Ami  Arbor 

56 

Upper  Peninsula  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Newberry 

39 
3 

8 
19 

4 
11 

4 
8 

•i? 

Wayne  County  Asylum,  Eloise. 

58 

Private: 

50 

Oak'Grove  Hospital,  Flint 

fiO 

St.  Joseph's  Retreat,  Dearborn 

1 

64 

21 
10 
9 
12 
12 

61 

MINNESOTA. 
Total 

32 

5 
4 
1 
14 
8 

24 

6 
4 
1 
8 
6 

8 

6 

2 

fi? 

PubUc: 

63 

Fergus  Falls  State  Hospital.  Fergiis  Falls 

6-1 

Hastings  Stat©  Asylum,  Ilastings 

55 

66 

St.  Peter  State  Hospital,  St.  Peter 

67 

Private: 

St  James  Hospital  and  Sanitarium,  St.  James 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


113 


BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


INSAME  m  BoapiTALS— continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discliarged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

WWte. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
for  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
1                    insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  bom. 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

1 

1 

4 
a 

1 
0 

03 

0^ 

"3 

a 

3 

4 

a 

"3 

a 

1 

Eh 

4 

1 

"3 

■s 

"5 
S 

09 
i 

1 

a 

1 

EH 

1 

4 

1 

a 

a 

5 

0 

•a 

<6 
a 

a 

"3 
0 
Eh 

3 

a 

8 

1 

a 

17 

491 

210 
150 

131 

509 

207 
302 

1,273 

88 

258 

30 

214 

14 

61 

1 

1 

1 

32 
29 
70 

214 
47 
2 

167 
44 

4,236 

610 
122 
601 
216 

96 
356 
106 
175 
442 
635 

31 
551 

9 

234 

95 
83 

56 

248 

89 
159 

677 

50 
139 

18 

125 

7 

37 

i 

16 

■■"35 
125 

26 
2 
78 
18 

2,206 

280 
122 
337 
117 

62 
182 

73 

58 
233 
285 

21 
300 

.     4 

257 

115 
67 

75 

261 

118 
143 

596 

38 
119 

12 

89 
7 

24 
1 
1 

16 
29 
35 
89 
21 

■■"89 
26 

2,030 

330 

'■'264 

99 

34 

174 

33 

117 

209 

350 

10 

251 

0 

314 

129 
81 

104 

418 

170 
248 

981 

72 
230 
21 
91 
9 
19 

143 

67 
40 

46 

204 

72 
132 

529 

43 
129 
13 
63 
6 
12 

171 

72 
41 

58 

214 

98 
116 

452 

29 

101 

8 

28 
4 
7 

38 

11 

1 

28 

75 

29 
46 

158 

8 
27 

7 
52 

15 

4 
1 

10 

37 

16 
21 

82 

3 
10 

3 
30 

23 

7 

16 

38 

13 
25 

76 

5 
17 

4 
22 

14 

12 

1 

14 

8 
6 

4 
..... 
..... 

125 

58 
67 

72 

3C 

42 

63 

28 
25 

216 

56 
97 

68 

212 

87 
125 

637 

29 
119 

10 

101 

3 

17 

105 

22 
87 

26 

118 

42 

76 

334 

19 
67 

4 
61 

2 
11 

111 

34 
40 

37 

94 

45 
49 

303 

10 
52 
6 
40 
1 
6 

186 

97 
49 

40 

166 

55 
111 

321 

50 
69 
11 
71 
3 
16 

95 

50 
24 

21 

83 

27 

56 

167 

24 

44 
8 

35 
2 

10 

91 

47 
25 

19 

83 

28 
56 

154 

26 

25 

5 

36 

1 
6 

45 

6 

39 

25 

1 

1 

1 
44 

33 

2 
31 

54 

6 

14 

2 
12 

27 

1 
38 

19 

■"19 

27 

^ 

1 

1 

... 

24 

6 

1 
5 

59 

1 
2 
2 
29 

7 

1 
■f 

27 

1 
1 

■ie 

17 

5 

1 
4 

32 

■i 

2 

13 

4 

2 

2 

2 

130 

8 

2 

65 

65 
4 

14 

9 

5 

8 
9 

1 

2 

31 

■■'ii 

1 
2 
13 

2 
70 

5 
42 

1 
1 

2 
32 

2 
25 

"■38 
3 
17 
1 

1 

3 

8 

3 
3 

■■5 

11 
12 
13 
14 



2 

1 

1 

.. . 

— 

1 

29 
29 
62 

178 
45 
2 

150 
43 

2,409 

293 
62 

350 

il6 
78 

211 
65 
65 

233 

418 
19 

259 

9 

1 

14 

■■■■29 

108 

24 

2 

69 

17 

1,291 

146 
62 

205 
72 
49 

114 
44 
25 

115 

188 
13 

143 

4 

1 
1 

1 

1 

15 
29 
33 
70 
21 

2 

1 

1 

1 

18 
20 
57 
80 
24 

11 

"■'si 
34 

14 

7 
20 
26 
46 
10 

4 
3 
9 

58 
5 

2 

6 

25 

1 

2 

3 

3 

33 

4 

1 

1 

18 

1 
3 

""2 

1 

1 

19 

8 
35 
2 

6 
17 
2 

2 

18 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

21 
22 
23 
24 
25 

26 

27 
28 
29 
30 
?1 

1 

1 

1 

12 
3 

440 

71 
1 

42 
4 

1 
4 
2 

240 

40 
1 
3 
2 

81 
26 

1,11s 

147 

"■{45 
44 
29 
97 
21 
40 
118 
230 
6 
116 

6 

16 

1 

1,714 

293 
49 

244 
89 
18 

140 
35 

107 

186 

208 
11 

279 

9 
1 

856 

127 
49 

128 
42 
13 
65 
26 
33 

106 
90 
7 

149 

7 

1 

1 

121 
38 

1,912 

314 
39 

301 
23 
14 

170 
5 
43 

209 

378 
7 

180 

5 

58 
22 

937 

144 

39 

171 

11 

9 

83 

3 

11 

11" 

157 

2 

85 

3 

63 
16 

975 
170 

■"iso 

12 

5 
87 

2 

32 

92 

221 

5 
95 

2 

14 
6 

1,151 

156 
26 

196 
79 
27 
94 
10 
86 

127 

114 
50 

158 

1 

9 
2 

632 

65 
26 
121 
33 
16 
60 

36 
73 
65 
27 
100 

5 
4 

519 
91 

1 

1 

8 
1 

200 

31 

■■■39 
2 

17 
4 

121 

13 
3 

14 
2 

"7 

49 

3 
3 
3 
2 

10 
4 

72 
10 

"ii 

858 
166 

15 
3 

98 

21 
11 

5 
9 

52 

5 
11 
2 
3 

46 

16 

■■■■3 
6 

47 

35 

12 

110 

47 

5 

75 

9 

74 

SO 

118 

4 

130 

2 
2 

75 
46 
11 
34 
3 

50 
54 
59 
23 
58 

1 

1 
1 

■""3 

1 

""2 

4 
5 
3 

20 
8 
1 

11 

3 
3 

..... 

7 

1 
8 

1 
2 
3 
11 

1 

"■■3 

73 
25 

2 
63 
78 

4 
56 

59 

16 

"■36 

31 

2 

48 

14 
9 
2 

33 

47 
2 
8 

11 

1 

8 

13 

10 

2 

24 

1 

7 

■"i 

8 

4 
■is 

"4 
1 

7 
7 
6 
2 
9 

1 

?*' 

?? 

35 
2 
6 
3 

35 

"2 
8 
3 

35 
36 
37 
38 

39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 

37 

14 

23 

28 

8 

20 

9 

6 

3 

28 
1 

15 

13 

1 

8 

4 

4 

1 

.... 

1 

8 

1 

2 

1 

4 

3 

1 

2 

154 
50 
3 

67 
13 
1 

87 

37 

2 

123 

39 

3 

59 
10 

1 

64 
29 
2 

31 
11 

8 
3 

23 
8 

126 
40 
2 

56 
9 

1 

70 

31 

1 

13 
2 

6 

8 
2 

12 

5 

7 

9 
7 

4 

5 

7 

46 

36 
6 

1,974 

356 
497 
308 
45 
128 
190 
211 

2 

89 
148 

1,425 

88 
535 

80 
402 
300 

20 

35 
2 

1,111 

199 
264 
168 
43 
66 
130 
127 

■■■■54 
60 

866 

16 
355 

80 
221 
186 

8 

1 
4 

863 

157 
233 
140 
2 
62 
60 
84 

2 
35 

88 

559 

72 
180 

"■isi 

114 

12 

32 
6 

1,321 

244 

369 
222 
32 
110 
69 
93 

1 
75 
106 

671 

8 

228 

26 

232 

164 

13 

31 
2 

737 

131 
204 
121 
31 
57 
45 
67 

■■"43 

48 

405 

'■'139 
26 
131 
103 

6 

i 

4 

584 

113 
165 
101 
1 
53 
24 
36 

1 
32 
58 

266 

8 
89 

■'■ioi 

61 
7 

4 

4 

21 
6 

1,108 

171 
266 
176 
10 
98 
89 
95 

2 
87 
114 

722 

5 
294 

20 
1 

593 

97 
127 
86 
9 
50 
54 
63 

""54 
53 

429 

3 

196 

i 
5 

515 

74 
139 
90 
1 
48 
35 
32 

2 
33 
61 

293 

2 

98 

1 

699 

164 
212 
144 
10 
9 
54 
69 

3 
1 

431 

101 
132 
85 
7 
6 
41 
41 

48 

2 

53 

2 
3 

34 

2 
3 

2 

19 

49 

50 

■iT 

591 

109 
100 

73 
9 

17 
119 
111 

n 

41 

681 

23 
302 

53 
I6S 
128 

7 

338 

66 
47 
40 
8 
8 
83 
65 

■■■■9 
12 

449 

16 
211 
53 
89 
78 

2 

253 

43 
53 
33 
1 
9 
38 
46 

1 
2 
29 

232 

7 
91 

■■■79 
60 

6 

42 

1 
23 

9 
2 
1 

1 
1 

20 

2 

6 
4 
2 

14 

1 
4 
2 
2 

8 

1 
1 
2 

268 

63 
80 
59 
3 
3 
13 
28 

7 

6 

1 

78 

50 

28 

2 

2 

1 
6 

"e 

1 

SI 

■14 

21 
2 

16 

1 
4 
4 

166 

9 
2 

11 

■■"3 
4 

94 

12 

■■5 

1 
1 

72 

52 

1 

10 

2S 

1 
10 

24 

55 

1 
6 

1 
4 

■■""2 

S6 

S7 

58 
59 
60 

61 
6'' 

3 

1 

65, 

57 

3 

1 

..... 

10 
27 

385 

22 
137 

22 
117 

: 

7 
11 

251 

12 
103 
21 
59 
54 

2 

3 
16 

134 

10 
34 
1 
58 
31 

6 
7 

10 

4 
5 

4 

2 
2 

6 

8 

6 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

80 
52 

65 

15 
S2 

3 
5 

3 

■■5 

6? 

64 

65 

2 

4 

1 
3 

1 

1 

232 
179 

12 

125 
101 

4 

107 
78 

8 

32 

2 

28 

1 

i 

1 

1 

1 

1 

I 

66 
67 

1 

1 

27622°— 14 8 


114 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS,  1910:   SUMMARY 


INSTITUTION. 


48 

49 

50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 


MISSISSIPPI. 
Total 

Public: 

East  Mississippi  Insane  Hospital,  Meridian.. 
State  Insane  Hospital,  Jackson 


MISSOUKI. 

Total 

Public: 

State  Hospital  Number  1,  Fulton 

State  Hospital  Number  2,  St.  Joseph 

State  Hospital  Number  3,  Nevada 

State  Hospital  Number  4,  Farmington 

Marion  County  Infirmary,  Palmyra 

St.  C'harles  County  Asylum,  St.  Charles 

St.  Louis  City  Insane  Asylum,  St.  Louis 

St.  Louis  Poorhouse,  St.  "Louis 

Private: 

Alexian  Brothers  Hospital,  St.  Louis 

The  Burnett  Private  Sanitarium,  Kansas  City 

Dr.  C.  R.  Woodson's  Sanitarium,  St.  Joseph 

Ponton  Sanitarium,  Kansas  City 

The  St.  Vincent's  Institution  for  the  Insane,  St.  Louis. 


MONTANA. 

Total 

Pablic: 

Montana  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Warm  Springs. 

NEBRASKA. 
Total 

Public: 

Nebraska  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Asylum 

Nebraska  State  Hospital.  Ingleside 

Norfolk  State  Hospital,  Norfolk 


NEV.VDA. 

Total 

Public: 

Nevada  Hospital  lor  Mental  Diseases,  Reno 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
Total 

Public: 

New  Hampsliire  State  Hospital,  Concord 

Rockingham  County  Farm,  Epping 

Private: 

HigUand  Spring  Sanatorium,  Nashua 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Total 

Public: 

The  New  Jersey  State  Hospital,  Greystone  Park 

New  Jersey  State  Hospital,  Trenton 

.^tlantic  County  Asylum  for  Insane,  Smiths  Landing 

Burlington  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  New  Lisbon. . . 

Camden  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Grenloch 

Cumberland  Coimty  Hospital  for  Insane,  Bridseton 

Essex  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Cedar  Grove 

Gloucester  County  Almshouse  and  Asylum,  Clarksboro. . . . 

Hudson  Coimty  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Secaucus 

Passaic  County  Insane  Asylum,  Paterson 

Salem  County  Almshouse,  Woodstown 

Private: 

Bancroft  Health  Resort,  Butler 

Dr.  Luther's  Private  Sanitarium,  South  Orange 

Riverlawn  Sanitorium,  Paterson 

The  Wadsworth  Sanitarium,  Maplewood 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Total 

Public: 

New  Mexico  Insane  Asylum,  East  Las  Vegas 

NEW  YORE. 
Total 

PubUc: 

Binghamton  State  Hospital.  Binghamton 

Buflalo  State  Hospital,  Buflalo 

Central  Islip  State  Hospital,  Central  Islip 

Dannemora  State  H'  spital,  Dannemora 

Gowanda  State  Homeopathic  Hospital,  Gowanda 

Hudson  River  State  Hospital,  Pougtikeepsie 

Kings  Park  State  Hospital,  Kings  Park 

Long  Island  State  Hos]3ital,  Brooklyn 

Manhattan  State  Hospital,  New  York 

Matteawan  State  Hospital,  Fishkill  on  Hudson 

Middletown  State  Homeopathic  Hospital,  Middietown 

Mohansic  State  Hospital,  Vorktown 

Rochester  State  Hospital,  Rochester 

St.  Lawrence  State  Hospital,  Ogdensborg 

Utica  State  Hospital,  Ulica 

WiUard  State  Hospital.  Willard 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Enumerated  on  January  1, 1910. 


Total. 


1,978 


536 
1,442 


e,168 

1,104 

1,341 

1,191 

586 

5 

25 

693 

737 

92 
40 
27 
26 
301 


697 


569 

1,146 

275 


230 
230 

909 

876 
28 


6,042 

2,056 

1,342 

90 

164 

237 

138 

1,2' 

7 

668 

41 

9 

3 
2 

6 
2 

219 
219 

31,280 

2,282 
1,912 
3,994 

369 

995 
2,93' 
3,11' 

764 
4,400 

763 
1,764 


1,320 

1,844 
1,369 
2,321 


933 


262 
671 


3,231 

612 
714 
639 
309 
2 
11 
411 
294 

92 
24 
18 
13 
92 


531 
531 

1,141 

214 

774 
153 

165 
165 

463 

459 
3 


2,913 

1,049 

687 

33 

74 

121 

65 

571 

3 

290 

12 

3 


128 
128 

14,955 

1,365 

848 

2,459 

369 

544 

1,275 

1,242 

311 

1,794 

629 

598 


521 

821 

657 

1, 130' 


1,045 

274 

771 


2,937 

492 
627 
552 
277 
3 
14 
282 
443 


16 

9 

13 

209 


166 
166 


355 
372 
122 


417 
25 


3,129 

1,007 

655 

57 

90 

116 

73 

706 

4 

378 

29 

6 

3 
2 
1 

2 

91 
91 

16,325 

917 
1,064 
1,535 


451 
1,662 
1,875 

453 
2,606 

134 
1,166 


799 
1,023 

712 
1,191 


White. 


Native. 


1,112 

526 
586 

4,550 

713 

1,044 

1,081 

500 

4 

13 

437 

385 

67 
40 
24 
25 
217 

285 

285 

1,145 

336 
629 
180 

92 
92 


611 

25 


3,542 

1,147 

872 

62 

133 

161 

101 

695 

7 

344 

15 

4 


2 

5 
2 

170 
170 

16,701 

1,414 
1,023 
1,504 

176 

SIS 
1,790 
1,53' 

423 
1,685 

352 
1,158 


761 
1,189 

965 
1,329 


253 
264 


2,414 

363 
571 
594 
268 
2 
6 
261 
162 

6: 

24 
15 
13 

68 


207 
207 

634 

119 
415 
100 

64 
64 

321 

317 
3 


1,814 

605 

445 

19 

59 

85 

47 

362 

3 

179 

5 

1 


96 
% 

8,455 

•  790 
496 
989 
176 
262 
875 
735 
207 
801 
297 
478 


325 
575 
473 
673 


s 

SI 


595 


273 
322 


2,136 

350 
473 
487 
232 
2 
7 
176 
223 


12 
149 


217 
214 


28 


321 


294 
23 


1,728 

542 

427 
33 
74 
76 
54 

333 
4 

165 
10 
3 

2 
2 
1 
2 

74 

74 


624 
527 
515 


256 
915 
802 
216 
884 
55 
680 


436 
614 
492 
656 


Foreign  bom. 


37 


1,060 

123 
148 
86 
79 


6 
215 
290 


84 

361 
361 

732 

202 

440 

90 

111 
111 

236 

234 
2 


373 

27 

22 

41 

5 

512 


317 

26 
2 


33 
33 

13,481 

697 
846 

2,330 
153 
440 

1,075 

1,492 
332 

2,623 
360 
532 


528 
583 
380 


27 


487 

59 
75 
38 


2 
122 
101 

25 

"■■3 

"'24 

283 
283 


79 
303 
51 


81 
81 

121 
121 


914 

389 
176 
10 
12 
19 


109 

7 
1 


25 
25 

5,913 

454 
333 

1,360 
153 
259 
375 


•a 
a 


573 

64 
73 
48 
41 


4 
93 
189 


78 
78 

299 

123 
137 
39 

30 
30 

115 

113 
2 


1,251 

419 
197 
17 
10 
22 
2 
355 


208 
19 
1 


8 
8 

7,568 

243 
513 
970 


181 
700 


479     1,013 


101 
953 


231 

1,670 

62 

427 


186  342 
222  361 
170;        210 


141 

64 
24 

7 


99 


Colored. 


823 


312 


127 
85 


236 

67 
85 
11 


23 


7 
7 

743 

75 
23 
133 
37 
28 
51 
83 
9 
90 
41 
54 


387 


13 
13 

6 
6 


128 

32 

58 
4 
3 

12 
3 

13 


2 
2 

381 

51 
13 

86 
37 
18 
20 
26 
3 
38 
27 
13 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


115 


BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


rasANE  IN  HOSPITALS— continued. 

1 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to — 

ToU!. 

White. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
for  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  bom. 

>  0 
"3  a 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

1 

1 

i 

1 

i 

•3 

a 

1 

i 

<a 

a 

3 

<6 
■3 

.2 
1 

"3 
0 

1 

ttJ 
"3 

a 

Eh 

-3 

"3    1 

a 

0 

"3 
2 

"3 

g 

i 

Eh 

a 

1 

3 

■3 

s 

i 
I 

1 
1 

695 

246 
449 

2,779 

287 
381 
317 

7 

952 

43 

37 
133 
155 

93 
168 

278 
278 

411 

121 
199 
91 

56 
56 

326 

300 
2 

24 

1,640 

563 
394 
33 
46 
69 
33 
367 

378 

140 

238 

1,403 

179 

217 

1S2 

97 

13 

3 

377 

41 

37 
74 
97 
46 
40 

212 
212 

243 

63 

•   127 

53 

45 
45 

168 

157 

1 

10 

878 

297 
231 
17 
27 
37 
18 
180 

317 

106 
211 

1,376 

lOS 

164 

135 

82 

14 

4 

5T5 

"w 

58 
47 
128 

66 
66 

168 

58 
72 
38 

11 
11 

158 

143 

1 

U 

762 

266 
163 
16 
19 
32 
15 
187 

408 

211 
167 

1,961 

213 
326 
299 
162 

13 

6 

547 

14 

22 

238 

136 
102 

1,017 

131 

182 
168 
89 
6 
3 
237 
14 

22 

170 

105 

65 

944 

82 

144 

131 

73 

7 

3 

310 

8 

4 

4; 

436 

18 

101 

1? 
2 

5 

3 
2 

162 

11 

7 
5 
7 

1 

3 

1 
2 

274 

3 

4 
9 
1 

2 

1 

1 

205 

18 

14 

9 

1 

3 

277 

133 

141 

376 

151 
225 

1,217 

140 

241 
74 

106 
2 
6 

170 
2 

16 
118 
118 

88 
136 

120 
120 

147 

15 
100 
32 

34 
34 

142 
117 

196 

77 
119 

64G 

71 
148 

48 

44 
2 
3 

88 
2 

16 
68 
77 
47 
32 

S9 

89 

90 

11 

61 
18 

26 
26 

66 
57 

180 

74 
106 

571 

69 
93 
26 
62 

3 

82 

""""so 

41 
41 
104 

31 
31 

57 

4 
39 
14 

8 
8 

76 
60 

237 

46 
191 

685 

127 
132 
125 
73 

1 
95 
69 

5 

12 

8 

6 

31 

72 
72 

174 

48 

107 

19 

21 
21 

146 

141 

4 

1 

602 

171 
137 
18 
22 
43 
21 
114 

111 

29 

82 

402 

62 
87 
65 
48 
1 
1 
69 
39 

5 
5 
7 
3 
10 

60 

60 

110 

27 
76 
13 

13 

13 

80 

78 
1 

1 

344 

101 

72 
8 
11 
25 
13 
75 

126 

17 

109 

283 

65 
45 
60 
25 

1 
1 

I 

2 

277 

J77 

38 
31 

133 

95 

22 
16 

144 

82 

16 
15 

S 

51 
17 

31 
15 

20 
2 

661 

12 

1 

86 

229 

5 

1 

35 

432 

7 

230 

192 

38 

4 
5 

6 

51 

1 

1 

... 

1 

7 

S 

9 

1 

87 

9 

5 

"""43 
9 

4 

1 

44 

1 

1 
43 
155 

3 

7 

t 
7 

"i 

42 
129 

3 
4 
5 
5 
3 

1 

"i 

26 

"3 
1 

1 
4 

9 

10 

312 
19 

15 

92 
17 

15 

220 
2 

6 
1 

26 
30 

2 
30 

1 

14 

1 

16 

144 

397 

1 
3 
5 

1 
10 

131 
45 

1 
3 
4 

1 
3 

13 

352 

..... 

7 

11 
12 

13 

133 
12 

8 

11 
11 

14 

5 
6 
3 

3 
3 

7 

7 

7 

1 

3 

21 

12 
12 

58 

21 

31 

6 

8 

66 

63 
3 

1 

—  - 

1 

14 

110 
S3 
136 

138 

138 

292 

86 
138 
68 

32 
32 

237 

211 

2 

24 

1,020 

342 
274 
18 
37 
48 
26 
197 

89 
41 
35 

104 
104 

172 

46 
87 
39 

23 
23 

124 

113 

1 

10 

564 

179 
158 
11 
20 
27 
14 
106 

51 

42 
101 

34 

34 

120 

40 
51 

29 

9 
9 

113 

98 

1 

14 

462 

163 
116 

7 
17 
21 
12 
91 

I 
31 

124 
124 

102 

29 
54 
19 

14 
14 

82 
82 

1 
1 
5 

97 
97 

62 

13 
37 
12 

13 
13 

40 
40 

2 
""'26 

27 
27 

40 

16 
17 
7 

1 
1 

42 
42 

15 

1 
1 

5 
5 

3 

1 
1 

1 

7 

2 
2 

1 
..... 

6 
6 

1 

1 

3 
3 

2 

1 
..... 

1 
1 

16 

1 

1 

... 

17 
18 

19 

1 
1 

.... 

1 

1 

W 

?1 

m 

?3 

?4 

?5 

3 
3 

2 
2 

1 

1 

3 

1 
1 

1 

50 
47 

2 

1 
1 

25 
23 

1 

1 

25 
24 

11 

1 
4 

6 

7 

6 

""3 
3 

6 

5 

1 
1 

3 

1 

26 

27 

2X 

25 
g42 

290 
210 
16 
20 
30 
12 
184 

9 

420 

142 
121 
6 
13 
16 
8 
78 

16 

422 

154 
89 
10 

ll 

4 

106 

29 

529 

195 
104 
9 
7 
15 
3 
145 

268 

103 
63 
4 
5 
7 
2 
62 

261 

92 
41 
5 
2 
8 
1 
83 

17 

8 

1 

"■""i 

7 

68 

18 
15 
6 
2 
6 
3 
18 

36 

11 
9 
2 
2 
3 
1 
8 

32 

7 

6 

4 

..... 

2 
10 

258 

70 
65 
10 
11 
18 
8 
39 

2 
2 

6 

1 
2 

1 
1 

30 

11 

3? 

1 

1 

33 

34 

1 

1 

1 

1 

35 

1 

1 

2 
4 

2 
3 

"i 

36 
37 

38 

115 
10 

68 
2 

47 
8 

69 
6 

47 

1 

22 
5 

46 
4 

21 

1 

25 
3 

64 
5 

34 

30 
5 

06 
9 

1 

34 

5 



32 

4 

1 

39 

40 

1 

1 

41 

2 
4 
4 

i 

2 
4 
3 

I 
3 

i 

2 
4 
2 

42 

^ 

2 

^ 

43 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

... 

44 

45 

S4 

8,530 

422 

487 

1,586 

65 
180 
620 
960 
304 
1,355 

98 
339 

14 
381 
424 
361 
236 

60 

CO 

4,401 

258 
271 
863 

65 
115 
328 
489 
128 
655 

78 
161 

12 

196 

243 

200 

1       121 

24 
24 

4,069 

164 
216 
723 

■■"05 
292 
471 
176 
700 
20 
175 
2 
185 
181 
161 
115 

66 
66 

4,672 

295 
312 
543 

27 
130 
410 
472 
142 
480 

46 
217 
5 
274 
33b 
277 
200 

47 
47 

2,504 

180 
179 
310 

27 

81 
225 
250 

64 
241 

37 
112 
3 
137 
193 
158 
102 

19 
19 

2,168 

115 
133 
233 

""49 

185 

222 

78 

239 

9 

105 

2 

137 

143 

119 

98 

13 

13 

3,638 

114 

172 

908 

30 

46 

193 

479 

156 

829 

42 

114 

9 

105 

78 

83 

32 

10 
10 

1,837 

72 
90 

515 
30 
33 
94 

235 
61 

388 
33 
49 
9 
57 
43 
42 
1; 

3 
3 

1,801 

42 
82 
453 

2 
2 

15 

2 
..... 

3 
3 

205 

11 
3 

73 
8 
3 

17 
9 
6 

46 
8 
8 

1 

1 

109 

4 

2 

36 

8 

..... 

4 
3 
26 
6 
3 

2 

2 

96 

7 

1 

37 

..... 

8 
5 
3 
20 
2 
5 

28 

28 

3,882 

126 
298 
/56 

14 
105 
261 
351 
128 
641 

47 
132 
1 
110 
183 
182 

68 

20 
20 

1,998 

76 
151 
436 

14 

06 
145 
178 

60 
294 

39 

58 
1 

51 
103 
108 

38 

8 
8 

1,884 

50 
147 
320 

■"""39 
116 
173 

68 

347 

8 

74 

39 
39 

2,743 

139 

146 

450 

8 

70 
280 
306 
136 
410 

18 
100 

32 
32 

1,499 

86 
81 

293 
8 
45 

147 

151 
50 

217 
16 
42 

7 
7 

1,244 

53 
65 
157 

""25 
133 
155 

86 
193 

2 
58 

44) 

47 

14 

14 

... 

635 

6 

8 

156 

2 

326 

4 
1 

42 
2 

309 

2 

7 

114 

243 

3 

1 
55 

143 
1 

'ie 

100 

2 

1 

39 

48 
49 

50 

51 

13 

13 

... 

52 

13 

99 
244 

95 

441 

9 

65 

1 
"■"2 

5 

2 

23 

14 

59 

5 
1 

14 

9 

48 

"i 

9 
5 
11 

53 

.... 

.... 

... 

10 

88 

67 

224 

1 

9 

3 

79 

25 

1.33 

1 

3 

7 
9 
42 
91 

54 

55 

56 

57 

58 

6 

6 
1 

6 
1 

... 

SO 

60 

48 

35 

41 

1      15 

..... 
..... 

2 
7 

1 
1        2 

2 

5 

..... 

..... 

1 
1 

59 
80 
74 
30 

140 

128 
115 

189 

82 
66 
61 
100 

58 
62 
54 
89 

1 

1 

1 

6 

1 
5 

61 

1 

2 
1 
? 

""i 

2 

2 

m 

63 





... 

i 

1 

&t 

116 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS,  1910:   SUMMARY 


46 


INSTITUTION. 


NEW  YOEK— Continued. 
Private: 

Bloomingtlale  Hospital  for  Insane,  White  Plains 

Breezehurst  Terrace,  Whltestone 

Brigham  Hall,  Canandaigua 

Dr.  Bond 's  House,  Yonkers 

Dr.  Oombes's  Sanitarium,  Corona  (P.  O.  Flushing). 

Dr.  Kellogg's  House,  Riverdale 

Dr.  MacDonald's  House,  Central  Valley 

Dr.  Parson's  Retreat,  Ossining 

Glenmary,  Owego 

Interpines,  Goshen 

Knickerboclier  Hall,  Amity ville 

The  Knolls  (West  Hill),  Riverdale 

The  Long  Island  Home,  Amity  ville 

Marshal]  Sanitarium,  Troy 

Providence  Retreat,  Buffalo 

River  Crest  Sanitarium,  Astoria 

Riverine \v  Sanatoriuni,  Fishkill  on  Hudson 

St.  Vincent's  Retreat,  Harrison 

Sanford  Hull,  Flushing 

Vernon  House,  Bronxville 

Waldemere,  Mamaroneck 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Total 

Public: 

State  Hospital,  Goldsboro 

State  Hospital,  Morganton 

State  Hospital  ( DLx  Hill),  Raleigh 

State  Hospital  for  Dangerous  Insane,  Raleigh. 
Private: 

Broadoaks  Sanatorium,  Morganton 

Dr.  Carroll's  Sanitarium,  Asheville 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 
Total 

Public: 

State  Hospital  for  Insane,  Jamestown. 


OHIO. 

Total 

Public: 

Athens  State  Hospital,  Athens 

The  Cleveland  State  Hospital,  Cleveland 

Columbus  State  Hospital,  Columbus 

Dayton  State  Hospital,  Dayton 

Longview  Hospital,  Cincinnati 

Massillon  State  Hospital,  Massillon 

Toledo  State  Hospital,  Toledo 

Private: 

The  Cincinnati  Sanitarium,  College  Hill 

Dayton  Sanitarium,  Dayton 

The  Dr.  C.  E.  Sawyer  Sanatorium,  Marion. . . 

Fair  Oaks  Villa  Sanatorium,  Cuvahoga  Falls. 

The  McMillen  Sanitarium.  Shep'ard 

The  Oxford  Retreat,  O.xford 


OKLAHOMA. 
Total 

Public: 

Oklahoma  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Supply. . 
Private: 

The  Duke  Sanitarium,  Guthrie 

Oklahoma  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Norman. 

OREGON. 

Total 

Public: 

Oregon  State  Insane  Asylum,  Salem 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

Total 

Public: 

The  Dixmont  Hospital,  DLxmont 

Pennsylvania  State  Lunatic  Hospital,  Harrisburg 

The  State  Asylum  for  Chronic  Insane  of  Permsylvania,  Wer- 

nersviile. 

The  State  Hospital  fi^r  the  Insane,  Danville 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  (men),  Norristown 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane  (women),  Norristown 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Warren 

Allegheny  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  WoodvlUe 

Blair  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Hollidaysburg 

Chester  County  Hosnital  for  iho  Insane,  Embreeville 

Cumberland  C'ounty  Hospital  for  Insane,  Carlisle 

Hillside  Home,  Clarks  Summit 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Enumerated  on  Jan,  1,  1910. 


Total. 


337 

22 

56 

2 

43 

4 

17 
2 
18 
10 
12 
11 
S5 
59 
122 
115 

is' 

36 
5 
4 


2,522 

668 

1,193 

57S 

50 


028 
628 

10,59-1 

1,336 
1,44" 
1,743 
1,195 
1.2S4 
1.571 
1,79(5 

82 
9 
14 
40 
20 
5 

1,110 
471 

11 

628 

1,565 
1,565 


9 

1,169 

851 

1,486 

1,305 

1,441 

1,329 

652 

207 

266 

87 

441 


158 

7 

24 

1 

18 


1,032 

255 

456 

265 

40 


4o; 
4o: 

,615 

684 
809 
962 
611 
638 
830 
974 

35 
5 
9 

19 

11 

2 

051 
29? 


7,919 

54' 
582 
648 

783 
1,305 


700 
382 
116 
143 
42 
236 


179 
15 
32 

1 
25 

4 
11 

1 
14 


48 

36 

89 

61 

2 

107 

21 

3 

1 


1,490 

413 
73 
313 
10 

15 

2 


221 
221 

4,979 

652 
63S 
7S1 
584 
641 
735 
822 


459 

172 

6 
281 

47' 
477 

7,139 

428 
587 
203 

703 


1,441 
629 
270 

91 
123 

45 
205 


White. 


Native. 


283 
18 
51 

1 
24 

4 
15 

1 

17 
10 
11 
11 
63 
52 
78 
78 

2 
119 
33 

3 

3 


1,185 

574 

24 

23 
10 


190 
190 

8,142 

1,229 
701 
1,529 
1,043 
821 
1,125 
1,493 

74 
7 
11 
34 
19 
56 

832 
397 


871 
871 

9,947 

644 
990 
4S0 

1,103 
940 
970 

1,033 
348 
182 
184 


2521 


128 

7 

21 

1 

12 


753 


454 

262 

21 


120 
120 

4,311 

624 
407 
835 
551 
417 
589 
799 


4 

6 

16 

10 

22 


497 
254 

4 

239 

559 
559 

5,218 

342 
485 
362 

555 
940 


539 
202 
102 
91 
40 
133 


I5S 
11 
30 


1 

7 
37 
32 
56 
43 

2 
119 
19 

2 

1 


1,063 


731 

312 

3 

15 
2 


605 
294 
694 
492 
404 
536 
694 

43 
3 

5 


34 

335 
143 


312 
312 

4,729 

302 
505 
118 


970 
494 
146 
80 
93 
38 
119 


Foreign  bom. 


407 
407 


63 
672 
118 

78 
391 
289 
264 


591 
591 

4,226 

229 
143 


299 

298 

380 

283 

282 

24 

30 

3 

183 


26; 

263 


28 
36: 
69 
24 
ISS 
167 
150 

4 
1 


56 


28 

445 
445 

2,238 

151 

80 

220 

175 
298 


156 
166 
13 
20 
2 
100 


144 
144 


35 
305 
49 
54 
203 
122 
114 

4 
1 


14C 
146 


380 
12- 
116 
11 
10 
1 
83 


25 
25 

189 


38 


127 
13 


Colored. 


26 


370 

44 
36 
95 
71 
68 
30 
26 


162 
2 


1 
159 


274 
255 


19 


6 
6 

210 

32 
21 
58 
34 
31 
19 
15 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


117 


BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


INSANE    IN 

HOSPITA  LS — continued . 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

Wiite. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
tor  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  born. 

a 

3 

♦J    . 

>  % 
.-  0 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

"3 

1 

.2 

s 

3 

.2 

i 

•3 
1 

1 

.2 
1 

1 

•3 
S 

1 

1 

ca 

"3 
1 

1 

"3 
B 
P 

1 

6 
1 

1 
1 

03 
1 

a 

.2 

a 

"3 

aj 

a 

2 

""2 

1 
4 

"3 

a 

4 
1 

"2 

122 
10 
51 
4 
91 
2 
3 

60 
6 

26 
3 

30 

3 

62 

4 
25 

1 
61 

2 

97 
5 

45 
3 

47 
2 
2 

49 
3 

22 
2 

16 

2 

48 
2 

23 
1 

31 
2 

25 
5 
4 
1 

44 

U 
3 

I 
14 

14 
2 
1 

73 
2 

39 
1 

71 
4 
3 

29 
1 

20 
1 

25 

2 

44 
1 
19 

26 
2 
9 

18 
2 
3 

s 

6 

4 

■■■■5 

3 

1 
1 

6 
1 
2 
1 
6 

1 

2 



6 

•^ 

4 

30 

46 
4 

1 

8 

3 

5 

2 

2 

■i 

f 

1 

1 

1 

f 

6 
10 

6 
17 
39 
65 
66 
140 

3 

1 

"■"io 

19 
26 
19 
63 

3 
9 
6 
7 
20 
29 
37 
77 

5 
9 
5 
16 
33 
44 
39 
86 

2 
1 

9 

IS 
21 
13 
42 

3 

8 
5 
7 
15 
23 
26 
44 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

11 

17 

54 

1 

..... 

1 

5 

6 

21 

... 

2 

6 

1 
3 

1 
2 

2 
1 

1 

1 
1 

2 

2 
2 
8 
4 
11 

2 

••••j 
2 
3 
1 
4 

..... 

1 
..... 

3 

7 

1 

1 

1 
1 

<i 

1 

1 

If 

11 

9 
26 
30 
44 
121 

4 

12 
15 
12 
54 

5 
13 
15 
32 
67 

2 
8 

14 
5 

13 

2 

6 
8 
3 
3 

4 
9 

16 
5 

14 

2 
5 
9 
3 
10 

2 
4 
7 
2 
4 

r 

4 

6 

11 

33 

1 

1 

2 
6 
2 
10 

n 

14 

If 

If 

r 

72 
11 
1 
2 

916 

22S 

33S 

257 

13 

66 
24 

224 
224 

3,33fi 

280 
478 
434 
227 
358 
481 
689 

162 
26 
69 

119 
49 
74 

743 

66 

48 
639 

590 
590 

4,499 

226 
275 
43 

32fi 

287 

238 

365 

300 

91 

72 

20 

157 

5 

i 

435 

103 

170 

117 

12 

23 
10 

142 

142 

1,932 

150 
290 
253 
130 
202 
295 
356 

88 
.   14 
23 
65 
25 
41 

440 

37 

35 
368 

447 

447 

2,527 

159 
166 
33 

ISl 
287 

■■■223 
187 
60 
38 
12 
96 

72 
6 

1 
1 

481 

125 
16S 
140 

1 

33 
14 

82 
82 

1,404 

130 
188 
181 
97 
156 
186 
233 

74 
12 
36 
64 
24 
33 

303 

19 

13 
271 

143 
143 

1,972 

67 

119 

10 

146 

■■'238 
142 
113 
31 
34 
,S 
61 

66 
10 

1 
1 

670 

4 

i 

319 

56 
6 
1 

361 

16 
1 

""i 

15 

1 

46 
4 

i 

46 
3 

11 
6 

1 

4 

1 

11 
2 

4 
2 

..... 

4 
1 

1 
2 

"i 

1 

1 

1h 

It 

?f 

1 

8 

5 

1 
3 

?i 

2 

236 

228 

1 

Ill 

103 

1 

125 
125 

463 

95 

129 

167 

8 

60 
14 

60 
60 

1,855 

135 
212 
260 
6 
176 
275 
374 

138 
24 
54 

104 
42 
56 

459 

41 

34 
384 

303 
303 

2,147 

104 
49 
•4 

135 
112 
116 
211 
162 
58 
37 
1 
91 

202 

34 
53 

82 
8 

18 
7 

38 
38 

1,060 

72 

134 

152 

3 

93 
172 
220 

76 
15 
23 
53 
20 
27 

269 

23 

24 
222 

201 
201 

1,172 

74 

30 

3 

70 
112 

"126 
106 
37 
21 

1 
66 

261 

61 

76 
85 

32 
7 

22 
22 

795 

63 

78 

108 

3 

82 
103 
154 

62 
9 
31 
51 
22 
29 

190 

18 

10 
162 

102 
102 

976 

30 

19 

1 

65 

'"iie 

91 
56 
21 
16 

'""25 

214 

88 
71 

1 

4 

115 

50 

36 

24 

2 

3 

99 

38 
35 
24 

1 

1 

75 

25 

50 

8 

2 

6 

r 

7? 

332 

254 

6 

56 
22 

89 
89 

2,601 

257 
269 
356 
191 
244 
354 
492 

146 
24 
57 
98 
47 
66 

612 

51 

19 
542 

353 
353 

2,989 

140 
248 
23 

260 

2m 

164 

300 

153 

69 

47 

16 

102 

166 

115 

6 

23 

10 

60 
60 

1,488 

136 
164 
212 
104 
132 
215 
295 

82 
13 
21 
63 
26 
36 

357 

33 

13 
311 

257 
257 

1,690 

97 
143 

16 

143 
203 

■"'ise 

94 
41 
22 
10 

5S 

166 

139 

1 

33 
12 

29 
29 

1,113 

121 
105 
144 
87 
112 
139 
197 

64 
11 
36 
46 
22 
30 

265 

IS 

6 
231 

96 
96 

1,299 

43 
106 

7 

117 

■■"i64 
114 
59 
28 
25 
6 
44 

4 
2 

3 
2 

1 

1 

1 

71 

22 

49 

?■« 

2 

... 

2 

?.' 

7 

7 

?f 

2 
2 

10 
10 

15 

1 
2 

6 
6 

6 

1 

6 

2 

4 

?' 

2 

124 
124 

574 

7 
195 
50 
21 
82 
102 
81 

16 
2 
2 
9 
2 
5 

37 

3 

1 
33 

199 
199 

1,266 

68 
20 
14 

69 
67 
61 
61 
140 
16 
5 
1 
65 

75 
75 

336 

5 
117 
26 
13 
61 
60 
49 

6 
1 
2 
3 
..... 

26 

3 

1 
22 

159 
159 

704 

52 
7 
11 

36 
67 

"1 

13 

3 

1 

3S 

2 

49 
49 

238 

2 

78 
24 
8 
31 
42 
32 

10 

1 

?' 

6 
6 

47 

4 

4 
1 
3 
3 
10 
7 

5 
5 

114 

12 
10 
27 
12 
29 
15 
9 

2 
2 

74 

9 
5 
15 
10 
16 
11 
8 

3 
3 

40 

3 
5 

12 
2 

13 
4 
1 

53 
53 

1,147 

130 
136 
164 
134 
150 
153 
228 

16 
3 
6 

13 
6 

11 

155 
30 

118 

153 
163 

1,537 

103 
94 
18 

106 
97 
122 
131 
102 
32 
2S 
12 
31 

39 

39 

n3 

65 

77 
108 

79 
102 

92 
168 

11 

1 
3 
10 
2 

6 

94 

19 

5 
70 

119 
119 

835 

70 
56 
12 

70 
97 

■■■'so 

62 
21 
11 
4 
12 

14 

14 

434 

65 

58 
56 
55 
48 
61 
70 

5 
2 
2 
3 
3 
6 

61 
11 

2 

43 

34 
34 

702 

33 

38 

6 

36 

4 
4 

9 

2 
2 

48 

1 

2 
2 

27 

1 

21 

?c 

3f 

7 

3 

4 

31 

r 

3S 

1 

34 

3f 

1 

... 

3f 

3- 

1 
1 

1 
1 

31 

3 

3 

19 
2 
3 
8 

10 
3 

3 

12 

"2 
3 
6 

1 

1 

7 
2 
1 
5 
4 
2 

2 

3fl 

4r 

1 

1 
2 

1 

1 

.... 

"2 

1 

1 

2 
7 
1 
2 

1 
1 

..... 

"■"2 

1 
1 

2 
3 

1 

41 

6 
2 
2 

11 

..... 

40 
40 

562 

16 
13 
3 

23 

■"61 
26 
51 
3 
2 

"v 

12 

4' 

43 

3 

33 
2 

28 

5 

2S 
28 

57 
13 

5 
3 
7 

2 

44 

61 

36 

25 

4G 
4(] 

2 
69 

10 
10 

187 

5 

7 

2 
34 

10 
10 

100 

4 
6 

'"25 

87 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

47 

1 

44 
44 

6 

36 
35 

4 

1 

9 
9 

2 

Af 

2 
2 

86 

2 
2 

48 

38 

4fl 

.Tf 

85 
25 

47 
25 

38 

51 

51' 

5.1 

54 

2 
14 
6 
4 
7 
3 

18 
3 

..... 

■"2 
4 
3 
11 
1 

2 

2 

3 

..... 

5."! 

m 

122 
51 
40 
11 

17 

8 
19 

6 

7 

1 

..... 

1 

6 
5 

1 
4 
1 

1 
3 

1 

57 

Sfl 

.5( 

(V 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

61 

69 

6' 

118 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS,  1910:   SUMMARY 


INSTITtmON, 


PENNSYLVANIA-Continued. 

Public— Continued. 

Lancaster  County  Hospital,  Lancaster 

Luzerne  County  Hospital  for  Insane,  Iletreat 

Potter  County  Home  and  Asyluin,  Coudersport 

Somerset  County  Home  and  Hospital  for  the  Insane, Somerset 

Schuylkill  Couiity  Almshouse,  Schuylkill  Haven 

Philadelphia  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Philadelphia 

Pittsburgh  City  Home  and  HospitaL  Boyce  Station 

Pittsburgh  North  Side  City  Home,  Hoboken 

Private: 

Burn  Brae  Hospital,  Clifton  Heights 

The  Easton  Sanitarnim,  Easton 

Friends  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  Philadelphia 

Innwood  Sanitarium  (Stonyhurst),  West  Conshohocken 

Pennsylvania  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Philadelphia 

St.  Francis  Hospital,  Pittsburgh 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
Total 

PubUc: 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Howard 

Private: 

Butler  Hospital,  Providence 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
Total 

Public: 

State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Columbia 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 
Total 

PubUc: 

Asylum  for  Insane  Indians,  Canton 

South  Dakota  State  Hospital,  Yankton 

TENNESSEE. 
Total 

Public: 

Central  Hospital  for  Insane,  Nashville 

Eastern  Hospital  for  Insane,  Bearden 

Western  Hospital  for  Insane,  Bolivar 

Davidson  County  Hospital,  Nashville 

Hamilton  County  Hospital,  Chattanooga 

Shelby  County  Poor  and  Insane  Asyliun,  Memphis 

Sullivan  County  Asylum  for  the  Poor,  Blountville 

TEXAS. 

Total 

Public: 

North  Texas  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Terrell 

Southwestern  Insane  Asylum,  San  Antonio 

State  Lunatic  Asyliun,  Austin 

Private: 

Arlington  Heights  Sanitarium,  Fort  Worth 

Dr.  Moody's  Sanitarium,  San  Antonio 

UTAH. 
Total 

Public: 

State  Mental  Hospital,  Provo 

VERMONT. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Vermont  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Waterbury 

Private: 

Brattleboro  Retreat,  Brattleboro 

Lakeview  Sanitarimn,  Burlington 

VIRGINIA. 
Total 

Public: 

Central  State  Hospital,  Petersburg 

Eastern  State  Hospital,  Williamsburg 

Southwestern  State  Hospital,  Marion 

Western  State  Hospital,  Staunton 

WASHINGTON. 

Total 

Public: 

Eastern  Washington  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Medical  Lake. 
Western  Washington  Hospital  for  Insane,  Fort  Steilaeoom. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Total : 

Public: 

Second  Hospital  for  Insane,  Spencer 

West  Virginia  Asyliun,  Huntington 

West  Virginia  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Weston 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Enumerated  on  Jan.  1,  1910. 


259 
6S9 
36 
100 
111 
2,174 
597 
212 

32 

14 

171 

21 

434 


1,243 

1,101 

142 

1,541 

1,541 

864 

GO 

804 


642 
515 
679 
224 
56 
83 
S 


4,053 

1,851 

757 

1,377 

22 

40 


342 
342 

990 

672 

402 
16 

3,635 

1,340 
674 
580 

1,041 


696 
1,291 


505 

235I 
9821 


128 

330 

18 

62 

71 

1,085 

317 

117 

19 

1 

60 


180 
47 


650 

585 

65 

708 
708 


32 
503 


311 
2C0 
326 
97 
27 
34 
2 


2,087 

959 
376 
716 

14 
22 


171 
171 

528 

300 

220 
8 

1,779 

63; 
339 
294 
509 

1,325 

472 

853 


271 
124 
505 


131 

259 

18 

38 

40 

1,089 

280 

95 

13 
13 

111 
21 

234 
52 


593 

516 
77 

833 
833 


28 
301 


331 

255 

353 

127 

29 

49 

3 


892 
381 
661 


171 
171 

462 

272 

182 
8 

1,856 

703 
335 
286 
532 

662 

224 
438 


234 
111 

477 


White. 


Native. 


244 
251 
28 
92 
57 
1,016 
253 
113 

32 

14 
162 

21 
379 

79 


772 
642 
130 


885 
885 

421 


1,679 

558 
438 
519 
110 
19 
30 
5 


2,961 

1,501 
552 
847 

20 
41 


183 
183 

791 

429 

352 
10 

2,217 


629 

574 

1,014 


1,005 

405 
600 


476 
220 
606 


123 

154 

13 

56 

37 

570 

141 

61 

19 
1 

57 


160 
35 


425 
363 
62 

375 
375 


249 


839 

273 

227 

260 

52 

9 

16 

2 


763 
205 
426 

13 
20 


95 
95 

408 


185 
6 


121 
97 
15 
36 
20 
446 
114 
52 

13 

13 
105 

21 
219 

44 


347 
279 
68 

510 
510 

172 


840 

285 

211 

259 

68 

10 

14 

3 


1,474 

738 
287 
421 

7 
21 


383 
211 


167 
5 


310 
290 


599 


257 
342 


632 


245 
118 


319 
284 
625 


406 


148 
258 


670 

231 

102 
337I 


Foreign  bom. 


10 
312 


49 
937 
284 

94 


431 

419 

12 

5 

5 

355 


479 

139 
202 
131 

2 
5 


155 
155 

176 
122 


274 

640 


103 

28 

9 

66 


3 

161 

5 

6 

31 

418 

143 

55 


204 

201 

3 

2 
2 

240 

'246 


109 
90 


74 
74 

109 
72 
34 


23 
4 
20 

670 
201 


7 

151 

3 

2 

18 
519 
141 

39 


227 

218 

9 

3 

3 

125 


125 


184 

40 
93 
41 

1 
3 


73 
171 


15 


36 


G 
201 


Colored. 


5 

214 

45 

5 


649 
649 


473 

77 
74 
137 
97 
37 
51 


578 


208 

1 

369 


1,341 
1,340 


32 


HO 
1 


329 
329 


188 

35 
31 
55 
32 
18 
17 


288 


103 

1 

184 


637 
1 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


119 


BY   INDIVIDUAL   INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


INSANE  IN 

HOSPITALS— continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

White. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not  ] 

for  the   , 

insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  born. 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

1 

s 

1 

1 

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a 

1 

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1 

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1 

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1 

3 

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1 

3 

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94 

125 

9 

24 

55 
901 
188 

65 

25 

10 

115 

2 

205 

281 

490 
378 
112 

646 
646 

204 

5 
199 

932 

162 
205 
254 
72 
109 
130 

60 

69 

4 

14 

29 

475 

127 

38 

18 
4 
29 

'"'"98 
130 

267 
211 
56 

338 
338 

129 

3 

126 

512 

90 
117 
137 
40 
66 
62 

34 

56 
5 
10 
26 
426 
61 
27 

7 

6 

86 

2 

107 

131 

223 

167 
56 

308 
308 

75 

2 

73 

420 

72 
88 
117 
32 
43 
68 

87 
67 
7 
17 
31 
427 
82 
38 

22 
10 
96 
•  1 
169 
210 

320 
224 
96 

315 
315 

124 

56 
41 
4 
9 
16 
249 
53 
24 

17 
4 
25 

■■■"83 
94 

175 
123 
32 

163 
163 

76 

31 
26 
3 
8 
15 
178 
27 
14 

5 
6 

71 
1 

86 
116 

145 
101 

44 

152 
132 

48 

6 

55 

2 

6 

22 

379 

76 

24 

3 

4 
26 

■"■"4 

13 

181 
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13 

1 

2 

29 
2 
2 
9 
198 
21 
11 

2 

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1 

61 
62 
4 
5 
24 
371 
77 
31 

17 

7 

73 

12 

134 

189 

281 
206 
75 

336 
336 

77 

75 
2 

570 

111 
125 
159 
39 
71 
65 

35 

32 
3 
5 

16 
188 
50 
17 

12 

1 

26 

""'"59 

88 

133 
117 
36 

180 
180 

46 
46 

347 

69 
76 
94 
20 
51 
37 

26 
30 

1 

8 

183 
27 
14 

5 
6 
47 
12 
75 
101 

128 
89 
39 

156 
156 

31 

29 
2 

223 

42 
49 
65 
19 
20 
28 

22 
51 

2 
12 

5 

379 

64 

32 

3 

11 

I 

3 

186 

37 

20 

2 

10 
19 
1 
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193 
27 
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112 
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297 
297 

81 

74 

7 

245 

43 
51 
76 
22 
30 
21 

4 

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15 

76 
64 
12 

150 
150 

54 

50 
4 

119 

23 
27 
36 
12 
13 
6 

15 

1 

26 

10 

60 
48 
12 

147 
147 

27 

24 
3 

128 

20 
24 
40 
10 
17 
15 

10 

1 

21 

16 

21 
11 
10 

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13 

12 
9 
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330 
330 

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236 

14 
13 
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29 
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174 
174 

3 
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25 

156 
156 

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142 

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16 
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1 

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124 

638 

147 
190 
175 
42 
55 
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76 

384 

84 
108 
96 
25 
39 
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48 

274 

63 
82 
79 
17 
16 
17 

72 

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10 

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387 
479 
399 

78 
136 

103 
103 

270 
142 
128 

796 

227 

273 
■189 

34 
73 

66 
66 

150 
83 
67 

683 

160 
206 
210 

44 
63 

37 
37 

120 
69 
61 

1,179 

344 
377 
263 

76 
119 

73 

73 

230 
118 
112 

630 

202 
209 
124 

33 
62 

44 

44 

126 
67 
59 

549 

142 
168 
139 

43 

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29 
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31 
33 

149 

100 
23 

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29 

311 
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140 
35 

67 
20 

73 
15 

753 

248 
91 
250 

31 
113 

.54 
54 

153 

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85 

414 

150 
59 
120 

22 
63 

37 
37 

S8 
44 
44 

339 

98 
32 
130 

29 
SO 

17 
17 

63 
24 
41 

367 

145 
93 
100 

15 
14 

37 
37 

110 
52 
58 

210 

93 
48 
54 

6 
9 

19 
19 

62 
31 
31 

157 

52 
45 
46 

9 
5 

18 
18 

48 
21 
27 

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1 

32 

20 
1 
3 

16 

9 

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..... 

28 

18 

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105 

47 

58 

<f 

1 
2 

1 
1 

12 

15 

9 
9 

3 
6 

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1 

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4 

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1 
1 

1 
1 

2 
2 

2 
2 

1 
1 

3 

3 

6 

5 

1 

3 

2 
1 

3 
3 

1 

3 

4 

1 

4 

4 

1,234 

453 
287 
226 
288 

884 

253 
631 

495 

164 

75 

256 

691 

241 
160 
138 
152 

609 

178 
431 

266 

96 
36 
134 

543 

212 
107 
88 
136 

275 

75 
200 

229 

68 
39 
122 

759 

436 

323 

16 

9 

7 

6 

453 
453 

241 
241 

212 
212 

538 

158 
88 
148 
144 

470 

123 
347 

272 

84 
38 
150 

287 

82 
49 
94 
62 

315 

84 
231 

145 

53 
19 
73 

251 

76 
39 
54 
82 

155 

39 
116 

127 

31 
19 
77 

421 

199 
74 
43 

105 

220 

74 
146 

174 

45 
30 
99 

239 

109 
40 
26 
64 

168 

69 
109 

98 

27 
15 
56 

182 

90 
34 
17 
41 

52 

15 
37 

76 

18 
15 
43 

2 

1 

1 

4. 

4^ 

234 
221 
284 

448 

131 
297 

411 

148 
66 

197 

133 
134 
149 

286 

99 

187 

211 

84 
34 
93 

101 

87 
135 

162 

32 
110 

200 

64 
32 
104 

10 
2 
4 

395 

90 
305 

27 

16 
1 
10 

4 
2 
3 

288 

68 
220 

20 

12 
1 
7 

6 
..... 

107 

22 

85 

7 

4 

■■3 

3 
3 

4, 

0 

i 

1 

4 

4 

11 

6 

5 

25 

30 

6 
24 

32 

24 

5 
19 

20 

6 

1 
5 

12 

1 

1 

4f 

4 

5f 

3 

5 

1 



1 

1 

... 

1 

5 
5' 

8 
17 

1 

1 

1 

... 
... 

1 

5; 

32 

20 

12 

5 

5 

5' 

120 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  1.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS,  1910:  SUMMARY 


DJSnTDTION. 


raSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


WISCONSIN. 

Total 

Public: 

The  Northern  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Winnebago 

The  State  Hospital  for  Insane,  Mendota 

Brown  County  Asylum,  Green  Bay 

Chippewa  County  Asylum,  Chippewa 

Clark  County  Poorhoiise,  Neiisville 

Columbia  County  Asylum,  Wyocena 

Dane  County  Insane  Asylum,  Verona 

Dodge  County  Insane  Asylum,  Juneau 

Douglas  County  Asylum  and  Poor  Farm,  Superior  (Itasca 
Station). 

Dunn  County  Asylum  ,  Menomonie 

Eau  Claire  Coimty  Asylum,  Eau  Claire 

Fond  du  Lac  County  Asylum,  Fond  du  Lac 

Grant  County  Asylum  for  Chronic  Insane,  Lancaster. , 

Green  County  Asylum,  Monroe 

Iowa  County  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Dodgeville 

Jefferson  County  Insane  Asylum,  JclTerson 

La  Crosse  County  Insane  Asylum,  West  Salem 

Manitowoc  County  Asylum.  Manitowoc 

Marathon  County  Asylum^  Wausau 

Marinette  Coimty  Insane  Asylum,  Marinette 

Milwaukee  County  Asylum,  Wauwatosa 

Milwaukee  Hospital  for  Insane,  Wauwatosa' 

Monroe  County  Insane  Asylum,  Sparta 

Outagamie  County  Insane  Asylum,  Appleton 

Racine  Coimty  Insane  Asylum,  Racine 

Richland  County  Asylum,  Richland  Center , 

Rock  Coimty  Insane  Asylum,  Janesville 

St.  Croix  County  .^^ylurn  for  the  Chronic  Insane,  New  Rich- 
mond. 

Sauk  County  Farm,  Reedsburg 

Sheboygan  County  Chronic  Insane  Asylum,  Sheboygan 

Trempealeau  County  Insane  Asylum,  Whitehall 

Vernon  County  Insane  .\sylum,  Viroqua 

Walworth  Coimty  Asylum",  Elkhom 

Washington  County  Asylum  for  Chronic  Insane,  West  Bend, 

Waukesha  County  Asylum  for  Insane.  Waukesha 

Waupaca  County  Asylum,  Weyauwega 

Winnebago  County  Asylum  for  Chronic  Insane,  Winnebago. 
Private: 

Alexian  Brothers  Hospital,  Oshkosh 

The  Milwaukee  Sanitarium,  Wauwatosa 

The  Oconomowoc  Health  Resort,  Oconomowoc 

The  Pennoyer  Sanitarium,  Kenosha 

The  Riverside  Sanitarium,  Milwaukee 

Waldheim  Park,  Oconomowoc , 

Waukesha  Springs  Sanitarium,  Waukesha 

WYOMING. 

Total 

Public: 

Wyoming  State  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  E vanston 


Enumerated  on  January  1, 1910. 


Total. 


6,587 

635 
621 
123 
144 
2 
91 
155 
119 
110 

122 
143 
148 
120 
101 
127 
125 
137 
184 
197 
154 
234 
623 
65 
139 
170 
122 
149 
150 

108 
182 
125 
120 
100 
126 
140 
137 
188 

27 
36 
14 

7 
IS 
11 
38 


162 
162 


385 

382 

61 

96 


4 
82 
66 
70 

60 
83 
79 
68 
51 
72 
80 
66 
114 
113 
99 
127 
318 
41 
78 
91 
76 
80 
81 

64 

lo: 

70 
64 
56 
73 
81 
80 
102 

27 
25 
5 
3 
6 
1 
13 


105 
105 


a 

<B 


250 
239 
62 
48 
2 
44 
73 
53 
40 

62 
60 
69 
52 
50 
55 
45 
71 
70 
84 
55 

lo; 

305 
24 
61 
79 
46 
69 


White. 


Native. 


3,396 

383 
362 
56 
45 
1 
53 
82 
65 
21 

52 
51 
95 
75 
66 
85 
62 
64 
89 
73 
51 
83 
316 
43 
58 
93 
84 
90 

5: 


54 
53 
60 
69 

6: 

58 
108 

17 
33 
14 

7 
11 

9 
3.1 


212 
195 

2 

29 


23 
42 
36 
14 

23 
30 
50 
47 
34 
43 
40 
27 
51 
41 
32 
43 

15: 

27 
34 
52 
50 
44 
31 

41 
43 
30 
23 
30 
40 
40 
31 
54 

1 

22 
5 
3 
2 
1 

12 


a 


1,568 

in 
16; 

29 
16 
1 
30 
40 
2" 


2r 

21 
45 
28 
32 
42 
22 
27 
38 
32 
19 
40 
159 
16 
24 
41 
34 
46 
2C 

20 
46 
24 
30 
30 
29 
2; 


Foreign  born. 


3,095 

248 
255 
66 
97 
1 
36 
70 
64 
86 

70 

91 

49 

41 

33 

41 

60 

78 

90 

119 

95 

148 

300 


10 


1,861 

169 

183 

34 

65 


22 
3' 

30 
55 

3 

52 
26 
19 
16 
29 
37 
38 
59 
70 
65 
82 
159 
14 
43 
39 
26 
35 
46 

23 
64 
39 
39 
23 
33 
40 
49 
48 

10 
3 


1,234 


32 
32 
1 
14 
33 
24 
31 

33 
39 
23 
22 
1 

12 
23 
40 
31 
49 
30 
66 
141 
8 
33 
37 
12 
23 
41 

IS 
29 
31 
26 
11 
24 
31 


65 


Colored. 


1  To  be  treated  as  a  county  institution  although  it  is  partly  under  state  control. 


GENERAL   TABLES. 


121 


BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


iNSAirE  IN  HOSPITALS— continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to— 

Total. 

White. 

Colored. 

Institu- 
tions not 
for  the 
insane. 

Other  hospitals  for  the 
insane. 

Native. 

Foreign  born. 

Committed 
prior  to  1910. 

Committed 
in  1910. 

5 

o 

i 

a 

1 

"3 
o 
Eh 

"3 

a 

1 
0 

•1 

a 

i 

0 

E-i 

1 

1 

a 

"a 
0 
Eh 

1 

a 

"3 

i 

0 

Eh 

7 

4 
1 

■3 

a 

6 

3 
1 

"3 
S 

(S 

2 

1 

3 

•3 
a 

"3 

a 

"3 
0 

Eh 

oj 

OS 

a 

64 

20 
14 

3 

a 
& 

41 

6 
17 
1 

2,558 

582 

538 

16 

13 

1,514 

390 

313 

9 

8 

1,044 

192 

225 

7 

5 

1,624 

360 

358 

12 

4 

909 

228 

202 

6 

2 

715 

132 

156 

6 

2 

894 

219 

178 

4 

9 

574 

159 

109 

3 

6 

320 

60 

69 

1 

3 

30 

10 

3 
2 

8 

3 
2 

2 

1,123 

310 
243 

4 
4 

1 
3 

1 

651 

200 

144 

3 

2 

i 

1 

472 

110 

99 

1 

2 

1 
2 

490 

69 

54 

7 

9 

299 

55 

29 

6 

5 

191 

14 

25 

2 

4 

590 

215 

215 

3 

1 

339 

123 

136 

3 

251 

92 

79 

..... 

105 

26 
31 

1 

1 

2 
3 
4 

■) 

6 

17 
26 
43 

56 

6 
43 
12 
16 
13 
10 
24 
11 
23 
27 
30 
71 
277 

8 
17 
30 
12 
17 
11 

12 
28 
15 
9 
21 
13 
30 
18 
27 

16 
148 
70 

11 
15 
30 
25 

6 

20 

8 

9 

8 

5 

22 

7 

8 

15 

20 

37 

158 

5 

9 

19 

6 

15 

9 

10 
13 
12 

5 
14 

7 
11 

7 
16 

16 
77 
35 

6 
11 
13 
31 

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4 
7 
5 
5 
2 
4 
15 
12 
10 
34 
119 
3 
8 
11 
6 
2 
2 

2 
15 

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7 
6 
19 
11 
11 

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35 

14 
14 

28 
18 

2 
21 
10 
12 
10 
6 
8 
8 
14 
9 
14 
30 
152 
4 
13 
17 
10 
8 
7 

9 
15 

9 

5 
15 

8 
15 
12 
15 

10 
126 
67 

8 
8 
19 
9 

2 

8 
7 
7 
5 
3 
6 
5 
3 
7 
9 
17 
83 
2 
8 
9 
4 
7 
6 

7 
6 
6 
3 
8 
5 
7 
4 
9 

10 
62 
32 

6 
6 
9 
9 

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3 
5 
5 
3 
2 
3 
11 
2 
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13 
69 
2 
5 
8 
6 
1 
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9 
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I 
8 
6 

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35 

3 
12 
15 
37 

4 
20 
2 
4 
3 
4 
15 
2 
9 
18 
14 
39 
124 
4 
4 
13 
2 
9 
4 

2 
12 
6 
4 
5 
5 
15 
6 
12 

6 

20 
2 

3 
7 
11 
16 

4 

11 

1 

2 

3 

2 

15 

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8 

10 

19 

74 

3 

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6 
2 
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2 
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6 

10 
11 

9 

9 
11 
6 
7 
7 
6 
6 
11 
6 
19 
9 
16 
63 
2 
14 
13 
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5 
7 

6 
10 
7 
2 
10 
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11 
11 

2 
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7 
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6 
6 
2 
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12 
8 
8 

40 

7 
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4 
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11 

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14 

15 

2 

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10 
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50 

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16 

1 
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3 

1 

2 

17 

5 
5 
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1 
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129 
1 
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73 

3 

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1 

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56 
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6 

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3 

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7 

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133 

64 

69 
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29 

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35 
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45 

12 
12 

63 
23 

69 

24 
24 

37 

7 
26 

16 

16 

26 
16 

43 

8 
8 

14 
5 
9 

15 
15 

9 
3 

11 

11 

5 
2 
2 

4 
4 

19 

62 

7 
82 

18 
18 

37 
2 

34 

12 
12 

25 

6 
48 

6 
6 

7 
4 
3 

11 
11 

7 

1 
2 

6 
6 

4 

2 

2 

19 
3 

15 
1 

4 

2 

43 

3 

1 

5 
5 

44 

45 

1 
1 

2 
2 

2 

2 

46 

47 

122 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  2.— NUMBER  OF  STATE,  COUNTY  OR  CITY,  AND  PRIVATE  HOSPITALS  FOR  THE  INSANE;  NUMBER  OF  INSANE 

1910;  AND  THE  AVERAGE   NUMBER  OF 


DIVISION  OK  STATE. 

hospitals  for  the  insani 

:  1910. 

INSANE 

ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS 
IN   1910. 

Total. 

PubUc. 

Private. 

InaU 
hospitals. 

In  public  hospitals. 

In 

private 
hospitals. 

State.i 

County 
or  city. 

State. 

County 
or  city. 

1 

United  States 

366 

143 

105 

118 

187,791 

159,096 

21,146 

7,549 

Geographic  divisions: 

2 

46 
77 
88 
67 
36 
17 
12 
12 
11 

19 
24 
26 
22 
18 
10 
7 
9 
8 

1 
22 
40 
30 
7 
4 

26 
31 
22 
15 
11 
3 
5 
2 
3 

19,580 

52,380 

41,246 

22,683 

19,952 

9,759 

8,413 

3,574 

10,204 

18,176 

42, 105 

31,087 

19,375 

18, 181 

9,340 

7,463 

3,257 

10,112 

28 

8,362 

9,366 

2,102 

792 

368 

1,376 

1,913 

793 

1,206 

979 

51 

950 

189 

92 

3 

Middle  A  tlantic 

4 

East  North  Central 

5 

West  North  Central 

fi 

7 

East  South  Central 

S 

West  South  Central 

q 

1 

128 

in 

Pacific 

New  England: 

11 

2 
3 
3 

23 
2 

13 

37 
15 

25 

13 
8 
13 
10 
44 

6 
34 
13 
1 
2 
3 
8 

1 

17 
1 
4 
3 

6 

1 
2 
1 

6 
7 
2 
2 

1 
3 
3 
5 

1 
2 

1 
4 
1 
1 
1 
1 

2 

1 
8 

2 

1 
1 
12 
1 
2 

16 
2 

6 
5 
7 
6 
2 

5 
4 
4 
1 
2 
3 
3 

1 

2 
1 
4 
3 

4 

1 
1 

1 

3 
3 

2 
2 

1 
2 
1 
3 

1 
2 
1 

1 
1 
1 
1 
1 

2 
1 
5 

1,258 
909 
990 
11,601 
1,243 
3,579 

31,280 
6,M2 
15,058 

10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 

4,744 
5,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 

441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,M1 
3,132 

849 

3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 

1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 

697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 

1,9S7 
1,565 
6,652 

1,258 

876 

572 

11,310 

1,101 

3,059 

30,151 
3,398 
8,556 

9,088 
4,312 
10,585 
5,846 
1,256 

4,737 
4,122 
4,222 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,812 

441 
1,532 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,489 
1,541 
3,082 

849 

3,487 
1,836 
2,039 

1,978 

1,092 

1,915 

471 

3,985 

697 
388 
162 
882 
219 
337 
342 
230 

1,987 
1,565 
6,560 

1? 

1 

1 
2 
11 

1 
11 

21 
4 
6 

6 
2 
4 
3 

7 

1 
4 
5 

28 

5 
418 
291 
142 
520 

1,129 
13 

771 

222 

26 

76 

318 

151 

7 
613 

486 

u 

Vermont 

14 

Massachusetts 

IS 

Rhode  Island 

Ifi 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

18 

New  Jersey 

9 
13 

1 
1 
2 
1 
35 

2,631 
5,731 

1,284 
189 

2,178 
535 

5,180 

iq 

?n 

East  North  Central:    ' 

Ohio 

?i 

Indiana 

?.?. 

w 

Michigan 

?A 

?.5 

West  North  Central: 

?fi 

26 
4 

642 

1,460 

S7 

?8 

M 

South  Dakota 

3n 

31 

0 

100 

3? 

South  Atlantic: 

SI 

Maryland    ..      - 

7 

8 

792 

896 

14 

35 

Virginia 

36 

37 

2 

33 

38 

31 

1 

50 

4n 

41 

East  South  Central:                                         " 

3 

51 

4? 

4 

368 

43 

Alabama 

44 

45 

ArVan^a'5 

4fi 

T-nnisiana 

1 
2 
2 

243 
639 
68 

47 

48 

41 

Mountain: 

5(1 

51 

Wyoming,   .        ,               .              .             

.5? 

1 

2 

12S 

189 

53 

54 

Arizona                                                                      .                  .  .        

55 

Utah 

5fi 

57 

Wa'jhingtnTl 

5S 

59 

3 

92 

1  Includes  the  United  States  Government  Hospital  for  the  Insane  in  the  District  of  Columbia  and  the  United  States  Asylum  for  Insane  Indians  in  South  Dakota. 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


123 


ENUMERATED  IN  EACH  CLASS  OF  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1, 
INMATES   AND  ADMISSIONS  PER   HOSPITAL. 


1910,  AND  NUMBER  ADMITTED  DURING  THE  YEAR 


INSANE  ENUMEEATED  IN  HOSPITALS  IN  1910— Continued. 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO 

HOSPITALS  DUHINO   1910. 

Average  number  per  hospital. 

To  all 
hospitals. 

To  public  hospitals. 

To  private 
hospitals. 

Average  number  per  hospital. 

In  all 

hospitals. 

In  public  hospitals. 

In  private 
hospitals. 

State. 

County 
or  city. 

To  all 
hospitals. 

To  public  hospitals. 

To  private 
hospitals. 

State. 

County  or 
city. 

State. 

County  or 
city. 

513 

1,113 

201 

64 

60,769 

4i,873 

7,579 

7,317 

166 

321 

72 

62 

1 

426 
680 
469 
339 
554 
674 
701 
298 
928 

957 
1,754 
1,196 

881 
1,010 

934 
1,066 

362 
1,264 

28 
380 
234 

70 
113 

92 

53 
62 
36 
80 
89 
17 
190 
95 
31 

6,986 
14,689 
13,191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,968 
1,623 
3,463 

5,956 
10,549 
8,921 
5,124 
5,601 
3,265 
1,9.36 
1,254 
3,267 

2 

2,774 

2,821 

1.078 

322 

311 

1,028 

1,346 

1,449 

1,257 

802 

109 

1,032 

98 

198 

152 
191 
150 
111 
187 
217 
247 
135 
315 

313 
440 
343 
233 
311 
327 
277 
139 
408 

2 
126 
71 
38 
46 
78 

40 
43 
66 
84 
73 
36 
206 
49 
65 

t 
i 

128 

27i 

271 

i 
n 

629 
303 
330 
504 
622 
275 

845 
403 
602 

815 

566 
988 
670 
LiO 

791 
158 
474 
628 
432 
663 
364 

441 

189 

2,890 

909 

574 

420 

1.541 

1,566 

849 

590 

315 

1,020 

'  989 

1,092 
719 
370 
811 

697 
194 
162 
300 
219 
337 
342 
230 

994 

1,565 

832 

629 
876 
572 
943 
1,101 
1,530 

1,884 
1,699 
1,426 

1,515 
862 

1,512 
974 
628 

947 
1,031 
1,056 
628 
432 
663 
937 

441 

766 

2,890 

909 

574 

622 

1,541 

3.082 

849 

1,162 
612 

1,020 
989 

1,092 
958 
471 

1,328 

697 
194 
162 
882 
219 
337 
342 
230 

994 
1,565 
1,312 

509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 

8,530 
1,640 
4,499 

3.336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 

1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 

127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

918 

646 

1,112 

325 

1,227 
932 
831 
695 

255 
491 
743 

1,479 

278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 

884 

590 

1,989 

509 
300 
142 
3,941 
378 
686 

7,832 

957 

1,760 

2,489 
1.141 
2,647 
1,524 
1,120 

1,405 
1,019 
1,164 
224 
204 
411 
697 

127 
346 
597 
1.234 
495 
836 
646 
995 
325 

1,118 
621 
831 
695 

255 

360 

56 

1,265 

278 
203 

42 
353 

84 
135 
103 

56 

884 

590 

1,793 

255 

109 
90 
184 
245 
89 

231 
109 
160 

257 
159 
312 
197 
58 

238 
44 
214 
224 
102 
137 
113 

127 
75 
597 
309 
185 
153 
646 
556 
325 

205 
133 
416 
348 

255 
164 

248 
296 

278 
102 

42 
181 

84 
135 
103 

56 

442 
590 
249 

255 
300 
142 
328 
378 
343 

490 
479 
293 

415 
228 
378 
254 
560 

281 
255 
291 
224 
102 
137 
232 

127 
173 
597 
309 
165 
209 
646 
995 
325 

373 
207 
416 
348 

255 
180 
56 
422 

278 
102 

42 
353 

84 
135 
103 

56 

442 
590 
359 

1 

28 

5 
209 

28 
142 

47 

54 

3 

129 

37 
13 
19 
106 
22 

7 
153 
97 

2 

24 
128 
295 
112 
469 

698 

10 

638 

4.89 
87 
198 
239 
438 

20 
443 

586 

2 

24 
64 
27 
112 
43 

33 

3 

106 

82 
44 

50 
80 
62 

20 
111 
117 

1 
1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

292 
441 

1,284 
189 

1.089 
535 
148 

673 
2,101 

358 

42 

1,208 

211 
1,002 

75 
162 

358 

42 

604 

211 

29 

1 
1 

2( 
2 
2 
2. 
2^ 

? 

25 
365 

49 
1.029 

2 

257 

2t 
2 

9 

?< 

3 

20 

208 

42 

3 

3 

113 

112 

322 

605 

46 

76 

3. 
3 

1 

3 

1 

3f 

17 

80 

40 

3 

3 

50 

117 

117 

3< 

4( 

17 

109 

36 

4 

92 

311 

78 

4' 

4' 

::::::::::::::::::::::::: 

4" 

4 

243 

320 
34 

131 
687 
214 

isi 

344 
107 

4f 

4' 

4f 

4< 

5f 

51 

128 

95 

271 

98 

271 

49 

5: 

51 

5=1 

5? 

5f 

5' 

•Sf 

31 

196 

65 

5< 

124 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  3.— INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED 


DIVI3I0K  OE  STATE. 

INSANE 

ENUMEBATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUAEY  1, 

1910. 

Aggregate. 

■White. 

Total. 

Native. 

Total. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

United  States 

187,791 

98,695 

89,096 

174,224 

91,617 

82,607 

115,402 

60,644 

54, 758 

67,531 

35,238 

32,293 

Geographic  diyisions: 

o 

19,580 
52,  ."SO 
41, 246 
22,683 
19,952 
9,759 
8,413 
3,674 
10,204 

9,647 

25,787 
22,118 
12,659 
10, 372 
4,939 
4,337 
2,308 
6,528 

9,933 

26,593 

19,128 

10,024 

9,580 

4,820 

4,076 

1,266 

3,676 

19,243 
50,811 
40, 24/ 
22,032 
14,634 
7,220 
6,816 
3,409 
9,752 

9,472 
24,964 
21,531 
12,270 
7,745 
3,709 
3,556 
2,241 
6,129 

9,771 
25,847 
18,716 
9,762 
6,889 
3,511 
3,260 
1,228 
3,623 

12,386 
30,190 
25,992 
14,304 
12, 804 
6,897 
5,827 
1,905 
5,097 

6,446 
15, 487 
13,720 
7,784 
6,531 
3,525 
2,996 
1,159 
2,996 

5,940 
14,703 
12,272 
6,520 
6,273 
3,372 
2,831 
746 
2,101 

7,115 
15,024 
13,485 
7,564 
9,960 
6,457 
4,544 
1,187 
2,195 

3,521 
7,533 
7,041 
4,238 
5,205 
3,295 
2,315 
OSS 
1,405 

3,594 

7,491 
6,444 
3,326 
4,765 
3,162 
2,229 
602 
790 

1 

Middle  Atlantic 

4 

East  North  Central          

■i 

6 

Rniith  AHftntin. 

7 

8 

West  South  Central         

9 

in 

Pacific 

New  England: 

11 

1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 

31,280 
6,042 
15,058 

10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 

4,744 

5,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 

441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 

3,538 
2,20i 
2,039 
1,978 

1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,063 

697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 

1,987 
1,565 
6,652 

693 
403 
528 

5,633 
650 

1,680 

14,955 
2,913 
7,919 

4,615 
2, 235 
6,846 
3,679 
3,743 

2,755 
2,896 
3,231 
407 
535 
1,141 
1,694 

237 
1,569 
2,170 
1,779 

900 
1,032 

708 
1,531 

446 

1,968 

1,057 

981 

933 

529 
1,070 

651 
2,087 

531 
256 
105 
6S7 
128 
265 
171 
165 

1,325 

1,083 
4,115 

565 
446 
462 

5,968 
593 

1,899 

16,325 
3,129 
7,139 

4,979 
2,292 
5,993 
3,020 
2,844 

1,989 

2,481 

2,937 

221 

329 

849 

1,218 

204 
1,651 

720 
1,856 

822 
1,490 

833 
1,601 

403 

1,570 
1,147 
1,058 
1,045 

563 
1,088 

459 
i;966 

166 
132 

57 
512 

91 

72 
171 

65 

662 

477 

2,537 

1,253 

902 

982 

11,378 

1,212 

3,516 

30,537 
5.806 
14, 468 

10,224 
4,396 

12,472 
6,599 
6,556 

4,712 
5,304 
5,856 
622 
801 
1,968 
2,769 

353 
2,807 
2,235 
2,294 
1,612 
1,828 

892 
2,163 

460 

2,968 
1,731 
1,366 
1,155 

941 
1,452 

94S 
3,475 

680 
377 
158 
1,165 
212 
327 
338 
212 

1,955 
1,513 
6,284 

690 
457 
526 

5,520 
635 

1,644 

14,574 
2,785 
7,605 

5,405 
2,167 
6,611 
3,621 
3,727 

2,731 
2,855 
3,040 
401 
602 
1,128 
1,613 

188 

1,375 

1,771 

1,141 

845 

758 

379 

1,046 

243 

1,653 

869 
641 
546 

457 

728 

572 

1,799 

520 
246 
103 
668 
126 
257 
169 
152 

1,299 
1,037 
3,793 

563 
445 
456 

5,858 
677 

1,872 

15,963 
3,021 
6,863 

4,819 
2,229 
5,861 
2,978 
2,829 

1,981 

2,449 

2,816 

221 

299 

840 

1,156 

165 
1,432 

464 
1,153 

767 
1,070 

513 
1,108 

217 

1,315 

862 
725 
609 

484 

724 

376 

1,676 

160 
131 

55 
497 

86 

70 
169 

60 

666 

476 
2,491 

1,072 
642 
791 

6,831 
772 

2,278 

16,701 
3,542 
9,947 

8,142 
3,601 
6,991 
3,862 
3,396 

1,923 
3,840 
4,650 
190 
421 
1,145 
2,235 

264 
2,300 
1,566 
2,217 
1,302 
1,816 

886 
2,122 

333 

2,786 
1,679 
1,320 
1,112 

903 
1,131 

832 
2,961 

285 
226 

86 
706 
170 
167 
183 

92 

1,005 

871 

3,221 

596 
321 
408 

3,580 
425 

1,116 

8,455 
1,.S14 
5,218 

4,311 
1,772 
3,732 
2,077 
1,828 

1,063 

2.029 

2,414 

120 

249 

634 

1,275 

142 

1,157 

1,170 

1,089 

632 

753 

375 

1,031 

182 

1,562 

839 
607 
517 

433 

579 

497 

1,487 

207 
137 

52 
383 

96 
125 

95 

64 

599 

559 

1,838 

476 
321 
383 

3,251 
347 

1,162 

8,246 
1,728 
4,729 

3,831 
1,829 
3,259 
1,785 
1,668 

860 
1,811 
2,136 
70 
172 
511 
960 

122 
1,143 

395 
1,128 

670 
1,063 

510 
1,091 

151 

1,224 
840 
713 
595 

470 

552 

335 

1,474 

78 
89 
34 
323 
74 
32 
88 
28 

406 

312 

1,383 

904 
516 
581 

3,386 
383 

1,345 

7,448 
2,222 
5,354 

5,349 
1,954 
3,389 
1,716 
1,077 

614 

1,979 

2,149 

43 

324 

629 

1,826 

127 

1,821 

1,101 

2,185 

788 

624 

884 

2,118 

252 

2,475 
1,645 
1,260 
1,077 

831 

413 

514 

2,786 

34 
124 

59 
565 
152 

83 
153 

17 

466 

490 

1,239 

503 
269 

287 

1,621 

215 

636 

3,667 
1,098 
2,768 

2,794 
926 

1,812 
953 
556 

355 

1,026 

1,212 

33 

186 

423 

1,003 

77 
937 
852 

1,080 
406 
296 
374 

1,030 
153 

1,393 
823 
677 
502 

387 

216 

319 

1,393 

25 
62 
36 
319 

87 
64 
79 
13 

288 
346 
771 

401 
257 
294 
1,765 
168 
709 

3,781 
1,124 
2,686 

2,555 

1,0-28 

1,577 

763 

521 

269 
953 
937 
10 
138 
206 
823 

60 
884 
309 
1,105 
382 
328 
510 
1,088 
99 

1,082 
822 
683 
675 

444 

197 

195 

1,393 

9 
62 
23 
246 
65 
19 
74 

4 

178 
144 
468 

1? 

New  Hampshire     

13 

14 

Massachusetts 

If) 

16 

Connecticut 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

IS 

19 

Pennsylvania 

'>n 

East  Noeth  Centeal: 

Ohio 

■>) 

no 

Illinois 

'I 

''4 

Wismnsin 

''S 

West  Nokth  Centeal: 

Mjnnp.^nt.^, 

?6 

■T 

Missouri  

9S 

oq 

South  Dakota 

in 

Nebraska 

11 

K'anifi.s... 

1*' 

SoTTTH  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

33 

14 

District  of  Colombia         

3-1 

Virginia 

3fi 

West  Virginia 

37 

38 

Rnnth  Carnlin;^ 

39 

Georgia 

40 

Florida 

41 

East  South  Centeal: 

4' 

Tennessee. 

43 
44 

Alabama 

Miwis-sippi 

4'i 

West  South  Central: 

Arknn<;a<! 

45 

47 

Oklahnma 

4S 

Texas 

49 

MotraTAiN: 

W 

Idaho    

■il 

Wyoming  .          . 

■i? 

">? 

New  Mexico 

'i4 

IS 

Utah 

ifi 

•lY 

PAcmc: 

Washington   . 

■iS 

59 

California 

GENERAL   TABLES. 

BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


125 


INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910 — Continued. 


White — Continued. 


Native — Continued. 


Fore-'gn  or  mixed 
parentage. 


Total. 


28, 186 


4,264 

10,820 

6,712 

3,713 

882 

291 

366 

192 

940 


84 

112 

2,828 

314 

S40 


7,675 
1,0S2 
2,069 


994 

233 

2.0S5 

1,296 

2,101 


1,039 
1,374 
844 
68 
85 
42 
261 


75 

365 

375 

5 

36 
7 


202 
29 
60 


49 
151 

20 
146 


305 
152 
483 


Male. 


15,415 


2,373 

5,629 

3,706 

2,041 

561 

149 

193 

130 

508 


46 
43 
65 
1,017 
172 
430 


3,945 

586 

1,098 


588 
129 

1,178 
712 

1,159 


552 
742 
460 
41 
65 
23 
168 


34 

200 

298 

4 

17 

3 


108 
11 
30 


174 
103 
291 


Female. 


12, 771 


1,891 

5,197 

2,940 

1,C72 

321 

142 

168 

62 

372 


40 
41 
47 
1,211 
142 
410 


3,730 
496 
971 


406 
104 
907 
584 
945 


487 
632 
384 
27 
30 
19 
93 


41 

165 
77 
1 
19 
4 


60 


131 
49 
192 


Parentage  unknown. 


Total. 


19,685 


1,007 

4,340 

5,795 

3,027 

1,962 

149 

917 

526 

1,962 


617 
75 
93 


1,578 

238 

2,524 


1,799 

1,414 

1,517 

850 

215 


270 

487 

1,557 

79 

12 

474 

148 


62 

114 

29 

27 

478 

,185 

1 


109 
5 


23 

567 

298 

29 


229 
62 
13 
87 
17 
41 
4 
73 


234 

229 

1,499 


Male. 


9,991 


552 
2.325 
2,913 
1,505 

765 
81 

483 

344 
1,023 


47 
19 
56 
342 
38 
SO 


843 

130 

1,352 


929 
717 
742 
412 
113 


156 
261 
742 
40 
8 
188 
104 


31 

20 

20 

5 

209 

454 

1 


10 

299 
166 


168 
45 
10 
26 

9 
33 

3 
SO 


137 
110 
776 


Fe- 
male. 


455 

2,015 

2,882 

1,522 

1,197 

68 

434 

182 

939 


35 
23 
42 
275 
37 
43 


735 

108 

1,172 


870 
697 
775 
438 
102 


114 

226 
815 

33 

4 

286 

44 


31 
94 
9 
22 
269 
731 


48 


13 

268 
132 
21 


97 
119 
723 


Foreign  bom. 


Total. 


54,096 


6,639 

19,872 

12,151 

7,133 

1,475 

282 

720 

1,422 

4,402 


126 
236 
176 

4,461 
431 

1,209 


13,481 
2,165 
4,226 


1,893 
567 
4,103 
2,493 
3,095 


2,725 
1,320 
1,060 
407 
305 
732 
524 


66 

476 

668 

70 

103 

9 

5 

31 

47 


151 
48 
46 
37 


33 
130 


479 


361 
150 

65 
385 

33 
162 
155 
111 


914 

591 

2,897 


Male.  [Female. 


28,415     25,681 


2,911 

9,065 

6,750 

4,125 

1,001 

169 

439 

993 

2,962 


3,728 
10, 807 


401 
3,008 
474 
113 
281 
429 
1,440 


66  { 
121 
109 
1,894 
204 
517 


5,913 

914 

2,238 


1,003 
291 
2,185 
1,410 
1,861 


1,635 

734 
487 
263 
240 
433 
333 


36 
198 
599 

47 


20 
68 
56 
295 


283 
109 

45 
250 

25 
126 

74 

81 


670 

445 

1,847 


60 
115 

67 

2,567 

227 

692 


7,568 
1,251 
1,988 


890 

276 

1,918 

1,083 

1,234 


1,090 
586 
673 
144 
125 
299 
191 


30 
278 
69 
23 
34 
6 
3 
17 
14 


13 

62 
22 
184 


78 
41 
20 
135 
8 
36 
81 
30 


244 

146 

1,050 


Nativity  unkno^m. 


Total. 


4,726 


218 
749 
2,104 
595 
355 
41 
269 
142 
253 


29 


355 
99 
295 


189 
228 
1,378 
244 
65 


64 
144 
246 
25 
15 
91 
10 


23 
31 
2 
7 
207 
3 
2 


80 


5 

191 
38 
35 


36 
51 
166 


Male. 


2,558 


115 
412 
1,061 
361 
213 

15 
121 

89 
171 


206 
57 
149 


91 

104 
694 
134 
38 


33 
92 
139 
18 
13 
61 
6 


10 
20 
2 
S 
144 
2 


Fe- 
male. 


2,168 


30 


30 
33 
108 


103 

337 

1,(M3 

234 

142 

26 

148 

53 

82 


149 
42 
146 


124 
684 
110 

27 


31 

62 

107 

7 

2 

30 

6 


1 
110 
19 
18 


Negro. 


Total. 


314 

1,520 

970 

579 

5,308 

2,537 

1,531 

57 

94 


3 

6 

7 

207 

30 

61 


701 
236 
583 


369 
131 
361 

87 
22 


29 

73 

311 

4 

2 

21 

139 


413 

648 
1,340 
109 
694 
&19 
979 
388 


570 
472 
673 

822 


151 

705 
128 
547 


Male. 


6,536 


159 

782 

570 

346 

2,617 

1,229 

742 

32 

69 


2 
5 
2 
101 
15 
34 


347 
128 
307 


210 
58 

230 
52 
10 


21 
41 
190 
4 
1 
12 
77 


49 
194 
392 
637 

54 
274 
329 
486 
202 


315 

188 
340 
386 


72 
341 

62 
267 


Fe- 
male. 


6,374 


155 

738 

400 

233 

2,691 

1,308 

789 

25 

35 


1 

1 

5 

106 

15 

27 


354 
108 
276 


159 
63 

131 
35 

12 


32 
121 


39 
219 
256 
703 

65 
420 
320 
493 
186 


255 
284 


79 
364 

66 
280 


7 

4 

3 

1 

16 

15 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

4 

Indian. 


Total. 


Male. 


90 


Fe- 
male 


28 


Other  colored. 


Total. 


491 


2 
32 
33 
345 


17 
40 
288 


Male. 


13 

35 

9 

5 

8 

1 

22 

28 

331 


10 

40 

275 


Fe- 
male. 


1 

10 


10 


126 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  4.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE, 


10 


PmSION  OR  STATE. 


United  States... 

Geographic  divisions: 

New  Ensjland 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central.. 
West  North  Central. 

South  A  tlantic 

East  South  Central.. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine 

New  Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Peimsylvania 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa t 

Mis,souri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 

South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 

Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

Pacific: 

Washington 

Oregon 

CaUfomia 


INS.iNE   admitted  TO  HOSPIT.ILS  IN   1910. 


Total. 


60,769 


6,9«0 
14,609 
13.191 
7, 459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,96.S 
1,623 
3,463 


509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 


8,530 
1,640 
4,499 


3,336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 


1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 


127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 


1,227 
932 
831 
695 


255 

491 

743 

1,479 


278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

£6 


884 

590 

1,989 


Male. 


34,116 


3.632 
7,866 
7,548 
4,180 
3,730 
2,069 
1,622 
1,134 
2,335 


248 
168 
150 
2,206 
267 
593 


4,461 

878 

2,527 


1,932 
672 
2,319 
1,111 
1,514 


866 
863 
1,403 
142 
129 
243 
534 


78 
677 
426 
691 
266 
435 
338 
623 
196 


735 
612 
444 
378 


152 
234 
440 
796 


212 
155 

30 
462 

60 
104 

66 

45 


609 

447 

1,279 


Female. 


26,653 


3,354 
6,803 
5,643 
3,279 
2,995 
1,616 
1,346 
489 
1,128 


261 
158 
120 
2,030 
223 
562 


4,069 

762 

1,972 


1,404 
598 

1,734 
863 

1,044 


659 

648 

1,376 

82 

75 

168 

371 


49 
596 
171 
643 
229 
481 
308 
489 
129 


492 
420 
387 
317 


103 
257 
303 
683 


66 
48 
12 
260 
24 
31 
37 
11 


275 
143 
710 


White. 


Total. 


Total. 


56, 182 


6,862 
14,209 
12,867 
7,180 
4,820 
2,732 
2,609 
1,577 
3.326 


507 
326 
268 

4,1.38 
482 

1,141 


8,325 
1,672 
4,312 


3,222 
1,223 
3,920 
1,954 
2,548 


1,417 
1,499 
2,602 
219 
198 
408 
837 


104 
1,143 
444 
7S1 
463 
6S0 
316 
717 
172 


1,054 
676 
584 
418 


222 

366 

682 

1,339 


273 
200 

40 
703 

81 
129 
102 

49 


854 

580 

1,892 


Male. 


31,646 


3,566 
7,621 
7,347 
4.021 
2,731 
1,599 
1,430 
1.106 
2,222 


246 
168 
148 
2,154 
262 
588 


4,352 

842 

2,427 


1,858 
648 
2,238 
1,097 
1,506 


860 
856 
1,308 
140 
126 
242 
492 


64 
612 
349 
460 
246 
324 
164 
416 
106 


634 
398 
322 
245 


135 
162 
404 
729 


210 
152 
28 
463 
59 
99 
66 
39 


585 

437 

1,200 


Female. 


24,636 


3,296 
0.588 
5, 520 
3, 156 
2,0S9 
1,133 
1,179 
471 
1,104 


261 
158 
120 
,984 
320 
563 


3,973 

730 

1,885 


1,364 
575 

1,682 
857 

1,042 


557 

643 

1,294 

79 

72 

166 

345 


40 
531 

95 
331 
217 
356 
152 
301 

66 


420 
278 
262 
173 


87 
204 
278 
610 


63 
48 
12 
250 
22 
30 
36 
10 


143 

692 


Total. 


Total. 


4,369 
8,687 
9,203 
5,070 
4,417 
2,637 
2,321 
1,006 
1,919 


41S 
237 
230 
2,409 
320 
755 


4,672 
1,026 
2,989 


2,601 
1,077 
2,680 
1,321 
1,624 


671 

1,203 

1,961 

89 

124 

292 

730 


79 
981 
357 
759 
411 
670 
315 
701 
144 


1,005 
658 
566 
408 


216 

314 

612 

1,179 


138 
123 
24 
484 
66 
66 
73 
32 


448 

353 

1,118 


Male. 


22,190 


2,315 
4,758 
5,113 
2,828 
2,478 
1,534 
1,260 
686 
1,218 


204 
124 
126 
1,291 
175 
395 


2,604 

564 

1,690 


1,488 
556 

1,423 
737 


405 

672 

1,017 

60 

76 

172 

426 


48 
529 
276 
436 
211 
319 
163 
406 

90 


602 
384 
310 
238 


130 
143 
367 
630 


16 
308 
47 
55 
44 
23 


257 
675 


Female. 


17,439 


2,054 
3,929 
4,090 
2,242 
1,939 
1,103 
1,061 
320 
701 


214 
113 
104 
1,118 
145 
360 


2,168 

462 

1,299 


1.113 
521 

1,157 
684 
715 


266 
531 
944 
29 
48 
120 
304 


31 

452 
81 
323 
200 
351 
152 
295 
54 


403 
274 
256 
170 


86 
171 
255 
649 


34 
34 

8 

176 

19 

11 

29 

9 


162 
96 
443 


Native  parentage. 


Total. 


24,534 


2,609 
4,708 
6,216 
2,826 
3,471 
2,284 
1,978 
568 
876 


379 
189 
174 
1,266 
176 
436 


2,210 

652 

1,946 


1,864 
810 

1,317 
691 
533 


193 

664 

1,190 

25 

76 

81 

597 


72 
702 
276 
746 
195 
334 
315 
687 
144 


688 
636 
556 
404 


206 

127 

528 

1,117 


48 
62 
17 
288 
58 
44 
33 
18 


252 
138 
486 


Male. 


1,337 
2,606 
2,889 
1,605 
1,994 
1,326 
1,084 
392 
559 


636 

97 

226 


1,221 

312 

1,073 


1,067 
407 
718 
383 
324 


119 

3S5 

636 

14 

45 

66 

350 


44 
400 
213 
429 
109 
162 
163 
394 

90 


415 
371 
306 
236 


122 

65 

301 

596 


35 
47 
13 
187 
42 
38 
19 
11 


162 
101 
296 


Female. 


10, 742 


1,272 

2,102 

2,326 

1,221 

1,477 

958 

894 

176 

316 


196 
91 
76 

621 
78 

210 


989 
240 
873 


807 
403 
699 
308 
209 


74 

279 
654 
11 
31 
25 
247 


302 

63 

317 

86 

182 

152 

293 

54 


273 
265 
251 
169 


84 
62 
227 
621 


13 
15 

4 
101 
16 

6 
14 

7 


90 
37 
189 


GENERAL  TABLES. 

NATIVITY,  PAEEKTAGE,  AND  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


127 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TC 

HOSPITALS  IN 

1910— continued. 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Other  colored. 

Native— CJontinued. 

Foreign  born. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parentage  unknown. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

10,685 

5,996 

4,689 

4,410 

2,402 

2,008 

15,523 

8,838 

6,685 

1,030 

618 

412 

4,384 

2,304 

2,0S0 

51 

32 

19 

152 

134 

18 

1,523 

3,472 

3,077 

1,560 

215 

84 

91 

166 

497 

852 

1,861 

1,738 

862 

126 

57 

51 

117 

332 

671 

1,611 

1,339 

698 

89 

27 

40 

49 

165 

237 
607 
911 
684 
731 
269 
262 
272 
547 

126 
291 
486 
301 
.358 
151 
125 
177 
327 

111 
216 
425 
323 
373 
118 
127 
95 
220 

2,43s 

6,433 

3,365 

1,790 

352 

85 

230 

515 

1,315 

1,225 

2,809 

2,035 

1,026 

227 

55 

140 

388 

933 

1,213 
2,624 
1,330 
764 
125 
30 
90 
127 
382 

55 
89 
299 
320 
51 
10 
58 
56 
92 

26 
54 
199 
170 
26 
10 
30 
32 
71 

29 
35 
100 
150 
25 

"'28' 
24 
21 

102 

439 

304 

260 

1,900 

950 

343 

29 

57 

53 

227 
186 
142 
995 
468 
179 
16 
38 

49 
212 
118 

lis 

905 

482 

164 

13 

19 

22 
17 
11 
7 
4 
3 
7 
9 
72 

13 

17 

^? 
3 
2 
6 

8 
68 

9 
...... 

...... 

1 
1 
1 
4 

4 
9 
12 

1 

1 
5 

7 

1 

3 
4 
5 

9 

8 
8 

7 
4 
7 

2 
4 
1 

1 

27 
35 
47 
996 
124 
294 

2,371 
326 
775 

592 
111 
829 
531 
1,014 

446 
480 
424 
45 
43 
25 
97 

6 

151 

38 

4 

1 
3 

17 
18 
24 

669 
66 

158 

1,232 
1S3 
446 

356 
55 
480 
300 
547 

268 
264 
198 
31 
29 
20 
52 

3 

75 

32 

3 

1 

1 

10 
17 
23 

427 
58 

136 

1,139 
143 
329 

236 
56 
349 
231 
467 

178 

216 

226 

14 

14 

5 

45 

3 

76 
6 
1 

2 

12 
13 
9 
157 
21 
25 

91 
148 
268 

145 
156 
434 
99 

77 

32 

59 
347 

19 

5 

186 

36 

1 
128 
43 

9 
215 
333 

4 
8 
4 

87 
12 
11 

51 
69 
171 

75 
94 
225 
54 
38 

18 
23 
183 
15 
2 
% 
24 

1 
54 
31 
4 
101 
166 

8 
5 
5 

70 
9 

14 

40 
79 
97 

70 
62 
209 
45 
39 

14 

36 

164 

4 

3 

90 

12 

74' 

12 

5 

114 

167 

75 
82 
36 
1,714 
160 
371 

3,638 

529 

1,266 

574 
116 
1,190 
591 
894 

681 
271 
436 
124 
72 
102 
104 

23 

158 

85 

16 

27 

8 

1 

13 
21 

45 
14 
18 

8 

6 
38 
37 
149 

124 
74 
15 

187 
13 
59 
29 
14 

395 
199 

721 

37 
40 
21 

856 
85 

186 

1,837 
268 
704 

336 
74 
713 
338 
574 

449 
166 
162 
75 
48 
62 
64 

IS 

82 

72 
9 

20 
6 
1 
9 

14 

28 
10 
12 
5 

5 
15 
26 
94 

97 
62 
11 
133 
10 
40 
22 
13 

288 
159 
486 

38 
42 
15 

858 
75 
185 

1,801 
261 
562 

238 
42 
477 
253 
320 

232 
105 
274 
49 
24 
40 
40 

8 
76 
13 

7 
7 
3 

14 

7 
2 

15 
2 

15 

15 
17 
57 

47 
30 
150 
42 
30 

65 
25 
205 
6 
2 
14 
3 

2 
4 
2 
6 
25 
2 

5 
4 
1 

7 
2 
7 

11 
10 
33 

34 
18 
102 
22 
23 

6 
18 
129 
5 
2 
8 
2 

1 
1 
1 
5 
15 

9 
3 
1 
8 
....„ 

4 

7 

24 

13 

12 
48 
20 

7 

59 

7 

76 

1 

1 

1 
3 
1 

1 

10 
2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

78 
8 
12 

189 
67 
183 

110 
47 

127 
16 

4 

5 
11 
175 
3 
1 
2 
63 

23 
129 
150 
453 

32 
236 
330 
394 
153 

173 
256 

247 
274 

33 
125 

48 
137 

4 

1 

2 
40 
5 

4 

96 
35 
96 

71 
24 
75 
12 
4 

4 

6 
94 

i" 

37 

14 
65 
74 
241 
20 
111 
174 
206 
90 

101 
114 
122 
131 

17 
72 
26 
64 

2 
1 

1 

38 
3 
8 

93 
32 

87 

39 

23 

52 

4 

1 
5 

81 
3 
1 
1 

26 

9 

64 

76 

212 

12 

125 
156 
188 
63 

72 
142 
125 
143 

16 
53 
22 

73 

2 

20 

12 

8 

1 

1 

2 

12 
1 
4 

4 

1 

12 
1 
4 

3 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

1 
1 

1 

fi 

? 

6 

6 

■> 

4 
5 

2 

2 
3 

1 

2 

2 

1 

? 

1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

1 

2 

2 

? 

1 
2 
5 
1 
1 

""2 

3 

...... 

1 

2 

? 

2 

1 

?■ 

1 

4 

4 

3 

1 
2 

""2 

1 

3 

1 

1 

3 
1 

1 

3 

•^ 

12 

11 

1 

2 

1 

1 

4 
7 

17 
4 
6 
3 

1 
23 
U 
55 

27 
12 

4 
54 

3 
19 

7 

1 

107 
40 
235 

3 

7 

4 
4 

1 
2 

4 
4 

2 
5 

1 

1 

1 

66 
8 
10 

46 
6 
5 

20 
2 
5 

251 
14 

141 
7 

110 

7 

4 

4 

4 

4 

3 

150 
62 
37 

53 
54 
2 
138 
8 
6 
2 
9 

40 
117 
390 

3 

2 
63 
40 
20 

44 
38 
1 
76 
5 
4 
1 
9 

29 
84 
214 

1 

1 
87 
22 
17 

9 
16 
1 
63 
3 
2 
1 

11 
33 

176 

2 

2 

3 

2 

1 

4 

7 
37 
22 
25 

37 
7 
5 

58 

6 
16 
16 
14 

25 
4 
2 

46 

1 
22 

6 
11 

12 
3 
3 

12 

4 

14 
33 
11 

11 
3 
1 

32 
2 
4 

4 

21 

5 

I 
1 
12 
2 
4 

10 
12 

6 

2 
2 

4 

9 

7 

2 

4 
3 

3 
3 

1 

4 

4 

1 

1 

4 

2 

2 

» 

2 

2 

,>> 

20 

17 
2 
4 

8 
1 
3 

9 
1 
1 

2 

I 

1 

1 

1 

1 
7 

"2 

6 

1 

1) 

16 
38 
S 

156 
98 
243 

13 
24 
3 

95 
72 
165 

3 

14 
2 

61 
26 

78 

fV 

1 
1 

1 

■i 

3 

11 
28 
53 

3 

11 
21 
39 

...... 

14 

1 

11 
2 

44 

1 

7 
2 
29 

4 

5 

12 
8 
52 

5 

11 
8 
49 

1 
""3 

S( 
5 

15 

1 

1 

5 

128 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  5.— FOREIGN-BORN   WHITE   INSANE   ENUMERATED   IN   HOSPITALS   ON  JANUARY   1,    1910,  CLASSIFIED   BY 

COUNTRY  OF  BIRTH,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


DIVISION  OE  STATE. 


United  States... 

GEOGKApmc  divisions: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Paciflc 

New  England: 

Maine 

New  Hampsliire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Iliinjis 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 

SotnH  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 

Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

Pacific: 

Washington 

Oregon 

CalUomia 


foreign-born  white  insane  enumerated  in  hospitals  on  JANUARY  1,  1910. 


54,096 


6,639 

19,872 

12,151 

7,133 

1,475 

282 

720 

1,422 

4,402 


126 
236 
176 

4,401 
431 

1,209 


13,481 
2,165 
4,226 


1,893 
567 
4,103 
2,493 
3,095 


2,725 
1,320 
1,060 
407 
365 
732 
524 


66 

476 

668 

70 

103 

9 

5 

31 

47 


151 
48 
46 
37 


33 
130 

78 
479 


361 
150 

65 
385 

33 
162 
155 
111 


914 

591 

2,S97 


Number  bom  in- 


Austria- 
Hun- 
gary. 


3,477 


118 
1,574 

890 

431 
84 
10 
96 
96 

178 


945 
159 
470 


231 
19 

370 
6S 

202 


129 
83 
54 
23 

17 


42 
23 
113 


Canada. 


English.  French 


2,777 


799 

4C4 

844 

273 

37 

2 

U 

87 

260 


42 
41 
48 
591 
55 
22 


406 
14 

44 


61 

17 

138 

503 

135 


118 
39 
23 
42 
11 
13 
27 


46 
128 


England 

and 
Wales. 


972 


548 
120 
151 


20 
76 
34 
363 
17 
38 


HI 
3 
6 


3,706 


603 

1,384 

688 

323 

139 

11 

39 

159 

360 


5 
21 
16 
406 
60 
95 


773 
188 
423 


133 
34 
223 
191 
107 


81 

56 

223 


France. 


44 

210 
88 
45 
20 
7 
26 
17 

157 


162 
14 
34 


16 
16 
125 


Ger- 
many. 


13,517 


411 

4,792 

4,291 

2,129 

449 

116 

223 

208 


5 
7 

201 
16 

182 


3,245 
591 
956 


836 
310 

1,273 
559 

1,313 


665 
515 
494 
45 
65 
277 
168 


19 

193 

168 

17 

34 

4 

1 

6 

7 


34 
19 
164 


135 
128 
635 


Ireland. 


13,174 


2,890 

6,630 

1,411 

693 

409 

76 

75 

229 

761 


33 
5S 
36 
2,051 
186 
520 


4,703 

689 

1,238 


319 
79 
601 
230 
182 


177 
134 
241 
11 
22 
57 
51 


21 

139 

209 

8 

14 

1 

2 


Italy. 


1,829 


Norway, 
Sweden, 
and  Den- 
mark. 


6,442 


200 

1,045 

159 

45 

42 

8 

33 

63 

234 


4 
2 
11 
128 
13 
42 


137 
219 


10 


25 

17 

192 


305 

658 

1,953 

2,465 

59 

12 

44 

278 

668 


6 
9 
6 

179 
18 
87 


465 
59 
134 


37 
31 
812 
303 
770 


1,364 
369 
38 
225 
173 
185 
111 


270 
105 
293 


Poland 


1,312 


112 

601 

436 

62 


321 

54 
226 


44 
12 
171 
110 
99 


10 


Russia. 


3,121 


275 
1,514 

583 

292 
97 
19 
25 
57 

259 


5 

3 

198 

15 

48 


126 
300 


11 

192 
205 
97 


135 
17 
29 
27 
34 
24 
26 


83 

67 

109 


Scot^ 
land. 


849 


144 

308 

134 

66 

26 

5 

14 

47 

105 


170 
48 
90 


Switz- 
erland. 


752 


199 
210 
108 
24 
11 
12 
36 
126 


129 
38 
32 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


129 


Table  6.— FOREIGN-BORN  WHITE  INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  COUNTRY  OF  BIRTH, 

BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 

'  FOKEIGN-BOEN  WHITE  INSANE  ADMITTED   TO  HOSPITALS  IN   1910. 


DIVISION  OR  STATE. 

Total. 

Number  bom  in — 

Austria- 
Hun- 
gary. 

Canada. 

England 

and 
Wales. 

France. 

Ger- 
many. 

Ireland. 

Italy. 

Norway, 
Sweden, 
and  Den- 
mark. 

Poland. 

Russia. 

Scot- 
land. 

Switz- 
erland. 

Other 

English. 

French. 

tries. 

15,523 

1,402 

1,030 

266 

1,148 

146 

3,105 

2,833 

863 

1,587 

429 

1,518 

297 

196 

703 

Geographic  divisions: 

2,438 

5,433 

3,365 

1,790 

352 

85 

230 

515 

1.315 

74 

710 
325 
110 
29 
3 
22 
47 
82 

376 

156 

236 

96 

13 

1 

5 

34 

113 

172 
20 
35 
22 
2 

i' 

7 
7 

232 

399 

221 

85 

37 

6 

13 

42 

113 

16 
46 
31 

8 
5 

4 

8 

1 

27 

122 

999 
1,054 

491 
95 
27 
60 
66 

191 

778 
1,229 

330 

181 
61 
13 
23 
75 

143 

107 
512 
78 
16 
16 
3 
11 
38 
82 

120 

186 

4.39 

506 

11 

3 

8 

72 

242 

.=6 

159 

141 

32 

16 

2 

3 

2 

IS 

209 

724 

262 

130 

36 

9 

7 

33 

108 

73 

89 
49 
24 
4 
3 
4 
24 
27 

4 

45 
51 
43 
1 
3 
1 
9 
39 

99 

Middle  Atlantic  

159 

1'  ast  Kort  li  L  entral 

113 

46 

South  Atlantic    

26 

Fast  South  Central 

8 

64 

Mountain 

Pacific 

65 
123 

New  England: 

75 
82 
36 
1,714 
160 
371 

3,638 

529 
1,266 

574 
116 
1,190 
591 
894 

681 
271 
436 
124 
72 
102 
104 

23 
158 
85 
16 
27 
8 
1 
13 
21 

45 
14 

IS 
8 

6 
38 
37 
149 

124 
74 
15 

187 
13 
59 
29 
14 

395 
199 
721 

26 
20 
14 
278 
30 
8 

137 
6 
13 

21 

6 

45 

116 

48 

48 
13 
7 
16 
3 
5 
4 

1 
3 
4 
2 
1 
1 

19 
19 

3 
119 

1 
11 

19 

i" 

2' 

3 
18 
12 

15 


4' 

1 

i' 

1 

i' 

1 

3 

7 
3 
165 
28 
26 

211 
56 
132 

55 
12 
73 
51 
30 

17 
8 

28 
6 
2 
8 

16 

3 
11 
7 
5 
3 
2 

i" 

1 

10 
3 

1 

33 
3 
10 

6 
3 
8 
8 
6 

2 

6 

2" 

1 

i 

i' 

3 
i 

1 
2 
1 

59 
9 

50 

694 
104 
201 

222 
41 
308 
120 
363 

115 
94 

191 
15 
18 
31 
27 

3 
50 
22 

2 
10 

4 

s 

19 

6 

592 

46 
107 

842 
130 
257 

73 
14 
155 
53 
35 

31 

29 
98 
3 
4 

9 

4 
28 
24 

1 

3 

4 

2 

60 

10 

28 

349 
47 
116 

18 
3 

48 
5 
4 

5 
2 

7 

i' 

1 

7 
4 

3 
3 

i' 

1 
43 

ii' 

89 
18 
52 

12 
7 
64 
32 
26 

16 

7' 

3 
2 
2 
2 

2 
10 
3 

7 
2 
3 
145 
4 
43 

524 
47 
153 

29 
5 
99 
69 
60 

69 
8 
23 
20 
5 
3 
2 

1 
23 
6 
1 
2 

3 
1 

1 

55 

7 

6 

55 
10 
24 

11 
1 

15 
15 
7 

3 
S 

8 
2 
1 
1 
4 

i' 

1 

1 

1 

1 

22 
4 
47 

402 
68 
240 

95 
11 
122 
12 
85 

32 
12 

29 
8 
4 

18 
7 

1 
14 
7 
3 
3 

87 
7 
18 

140 

17 
29 

10 

3 

200 

42 

184 

313 
73 
11 
44 

27 
20 

IS 

3 

24 
10 
11 

10 
3 

16 
5 

17 

8 
7 
13 
2 
3 
2 
8 

1 

76 

11 

Connecticut           

10 

Middle  Atlantic; 

119 

Kew  Jersev 

13 

27 

East  Xorth  Central: 

12 

InHimia 

5 

34 

45 

17 

West  North  Central: 

9 

Iowa                

18 

4 

4 

South  Dakota. 

3 

3 

'K'prTs^'i 

5 

South  Atlantic: 

Marvland 

4 
6 

7 

4 

1 

1 

1 

West  Virginia. 

4 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 



1 
5 

2 
2 
2 

2 
2 

15 
9 
1 
2 

3 
6 
11 
40 

18 
14 
1 
23 
1 
3 
3 
1 

54 
32 
105 

1 
3 

8 

2 

1 

6 

1 

4 

1 
3 

1 

7 

East  South  Central: 
Kentuclcv 

1 
1 

1 

1 

3 

2 

1 
2 

1 

i' 

Alabama.    . 

3 

2 

1 

7 
4 
U 

22 
8 

2 
1 

1 

2 

5 

Mississippi 

1 

1 
3 
4 
1) 

13 
5 
6 

15 

1 

West  South  Central: 

1 
3 
1 

12 
6 

i' 

3" 

2 

5 
6 

9 
4 
1 
21 
1 
1 
5 

6 

1 
1 

i' 

6 

1 
4 

J 

3 

1 
2 
1 

9 

5 

63 

1 
2 

1 

6 

4 

i' 

4' 

6 

nHfthnma,  ,  . 

2 

4 

14 
4 
2 

11 

4 

Texas 

8 

24 
9 
2 

24 

3 
2 

54 

Moi-NTAtN: 

Mnntiina 

1 

7 

1 

Colorado  . 

S 
1 
4 

3 

37 
2 
3 
2 
1 

34 

17 
92 

5 

2 

16 

5 

Arizona 

4 
4 

7 
5 
1 

115 
42 

85 

2 

4 
4 
1 

7 
6 
14 

2 

1 

4 

8 
27 

29 

Utah 

2 

3 

43 
18 
52 

I 

5 
2' 

4 

PACmc: 

Washington 

Oregon 

California 

31 
12 
39 

35 
20 
58 

5 
5 

17 

6 
2 
10 

35 
25 
48 

12 

7 

104 

27622°— 14- 


130 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  7.— INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  AGE  AT  ENUMERATION, 

BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


INSANE  ENUMERATED 

IN  HOSPITALS  ON 

JANUAKT 

1,  1910. 

DinSION  OK  STATE. 

Total. 

Age  at  enumeration. 

Under 

15 
years. 

15  to  19 
years. 

20  to  24 

years. 

25  to  29 
years. 

30  to  34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

50  to  54 
years. 

56  to  59 
years. 

60  to  64 
years. 

65  years 
and 
oyer. 

Age 
un- 
known. 

187,791 

341 

2,312 

7,801 

14,083 

19,091 

22,856 

23,321 

22,874 

20,885 

16,383 

12,729 

21,881 

3,234 

Geographic  divisions: 

19,580 

52,380 

41,246 

22,683 

19,952 

9,7.59 

8,413 

3,574 

10,204 

36 
53 
17 
27 
111 
28 
51 
14 
4 

272 
534 
321 
206 
462 
210 
185 
49 
73 

773 

1,984 

1,383 

860 

1,230 

571 

501 

145 

354 

1,378 

3,735 

2,660 

1,570 

1,970 

965 

841 

250 

714 

1,931 
5,192 
3,891 
2,315 
2,236 
1,130 
1,014 
330 
1,052 

2,346 
6,276 
5,005 
2,748 
2,513 
1,179 
1,137 
437 
1,215 

2,382 
6,674 
5,205 
2,898. 
2,238 
1,110 
1,047 
440 
1,327 

2,394 
6,565 
5,267 
2,873 
2,056 
1,039 
941 
451 
1,288 

2,126 
5,858 
4,973 
2,627 
1,857 
1,050 
820 
395 
1,179 

1,770 

4,745 

3,815 

1,938 

1,503 

774 

674 

299 

865 

1,385 

3,650 

2,912 

1,505 

1,303 

588 

457 

257 

672 

2,710 

6,426 

5,145 

2,426 

2,204 

854 

578 

373 

1,165 

77 

Middle  Atlantic 

688 

652 

West  North  Central 

690 

269 

East  South  Central    

261 

167 

134 

Pacific 

296 

New  England: 

1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 

31,280 
6,042 
15,058 

10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 

4,744 
5,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 

441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,622 
1,641 
3,132 

849 

3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 

1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 

697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 

1,987 
1,565 
6,652 

1 

3 

2 

30 

3 

27 
23 

5 

5' 

6 

1 

2 

16 

i' 

3 
5 

1 
6 
6 
10 
4 
3 

25 

49 

7 

3 

12 
7 
6 

7 

10 
21 
13 

3 

4 

4' 

3 

1 
1 
2 

12 
11 
14 
200 
13 
22 

269 
90 
175 

74 
26 
127 
57 
37 

39 
26 
89 
6 
11 
14 
21 

3 

55 
27 
84 
22 
48 
68 
125 
40 

69 
26 
63 
52 

43 

26 
50 
66 

7 
9 
1 
12 
6 
8 
2 
4 

18 
12 
43 

31 
32 
28 

503 
62 

117 

1,162 
273 
549 

316 
147 
483 
237 
200 

155 
174 
292 
24 
37 
77 
101 

12 
174 
145 
202 

76 
178 
130 
232 

81 

184 
117 
132 
138 

85 
126 

93 
197 

18 
26 

5 
48 
19 
12 
10 

7 

97 

54 
203 

99 
61 
67 
826 
107 
218 

2,123 

489 

1,123 

618 
291 
950 
409 
392 

.      287 
343 
469 
68 
60 
145 
208 

24 
271 
304 
347 
142 
231 
193 
349 
109 

287 
195 
251 
232 

127 
198 
158 
338 

40 
30 
16 
95 
16 
20 
24 
9 

197 
107 
410 

119 
82 
80 
1,175 
124 
351 

3,065 

607 

1,520 

930 
465 
1,368 
675 
503 

482 
511 
658 
74 
87 
197 
306 

31 
307 
321 
413 
177 
295 
191 
380 
121 

362 
248 
254 
266 

136 
265 
170 
443 

64 
32 
20 
113 
21 
34 
30 
16 

253 
152 
647 

145 
108 
117 
1,430 
139 
407 

3,702 

732 

1,842 

1,240 
692 

1,656 
706 
811 

600 
597 
759 
77 
95 
254 
366 

58 
405 
363 
454 
197 
320 
178 
428 
110 

420 
249 
233 
277 

171 
300 
155 
611 

81 
49 
24 
137 
29 
60 
44 
23 

270 

195 
750 

140 
96 
117 
1,416 
153 
460 

4,052 

720 

1,902 

1,314 
591 

1,729 
765 
806 

621 
694 
734 
64 
113 
279 
393 

51 
402 
308 
381 
229 
272 
175 
342 

78 

423 
274 
195 
218 

131 

271 
133 
612 

93 
40 
18 
164 
27 
31 
44 
23 

286 
198 
843 

ISO 
118 
119 
1,430 
144 
433 

3,985 

719 

1,861 

1,313 
SS9 

1,680 
827 
858 

643 
721 
747 
74 
117 
224 
347 

41 
338 
274 
378 
180 
288 
122 
347 

88 

378 
244 
228 
189 

127 
244 
94 
476 

100 
46 
23 

150 
20 
42 
59 
11 

244 
179 
865 

154 

87 

92 

1,243 

126 

424 

3,625 

616 

1,617 

1,32.5 
566 

1,472 
786 
834 

635 
599 
658 
63 
104 
220 
348 

47 
340 
211 
374 
153 
294 
100 
280 

58 

405 
216 
224 
205 

104 
219 
61 
436 

106 
36 
16 

115 
20 
38 
38 
26 

185 
198 
796 

120 

93 

96 

1,010 

116 

335 

2,951 

482 

1,312 

1,022 
422 

1,044 
691 
636 

417 
464 
495 
43 
72 
187 
260 

44 

262 
194 
316 
116 
211 
102 
210 
48 

289 
189 
175 
121 

69 
157 

59 
389 

51 
32 
12 
106 
15 
26 
32 
25 

156 
139 
570 

92 
61 
90 

784 
89 

269 

2,263 
414 
973 

.835 
317 
803 
493 
464 

302 
373 
387 
25 
63 
139 
216 

38 
235 
206 
251 
104 
156 

80 
176 

52 

219 
151 
109 
109 

51 
115 

24 
267 

43 
37 

11 
77 
15 
27 
20 
27 

92 
97 
483 

178 
145 
163 
1,534 
151 
539 

3,980 

740 

1,706 

1,468 
464 

1,300 
992 
921 

481 
662 
643 
30 
63 
221 
326 

88 
395 
531 
404 
188 
192 
139 
214 

53 

370 
218 
120 
146 

40 
156 

70 
312 

65 
47 
13 
111 
14 
34 
38 
51 

141 
192 
832 

17 

12 

5 

20 

19 

Connecticut 

4 

Middle  Atlantic: 

100 

133 

455 

East  North  Central: 

134 

Indiana 

77 

222 

155 

64 

West  North  Central: 

82 

Iowa     

211 

221 

90 

South  Dakota.            

41 

30 

15 

South  Atlantic: 

3 

Maryland      

30 

Virginia 

21 

134 

34 

."^nilth  Carolirm.  , . . 

43 

Florida 

4 

East  South  Central: 

129 

Tennessee 

65 

48 

Mississippi 

19 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

1 

71 

Oklahoma 

22 

Texas 

73 

Mountain: 

26 

Idaho 

3 

67 

New  Mexico         . .             .... 

14 

15 

Utah        

1 

8 

Pacific: 

47 

Oregon 

41 

208 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


131 


Table  8.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED   BY  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND 

STATES. 


DmSION  OE  STATE. 


United  States... 

OEOGBAPmc  divisions: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central. . 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central. . 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine 

New  Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

Kast  Noeth  Centbal: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

West  Noeth  Centeal: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 

South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia. 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

.South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Centkal: 

Kentuclry 

Tennessee 

.\labama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas' 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 

Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

pACmc: 

Washington 

Or««on 

California 


IMSANE  admitted  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Total. 


6,986 
14,609 
13,191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,908 
1,623 
3,403 


509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 


8,530 
1,640 
4,499 


3,336 

1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 


1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 


127 
1,273 

697 
1,234 
495 
916 
646 
1,112 
325 


1,227 
932 
831 
695 


255 

491 

743 

1,479 


278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 


884 
590 


Age  at  admission. 


Under 

15 
years. 


15  to  19 
years. 


2,539 


264 
659 
444 
242 
359 
239 
174 
53 
105 


15 
13 

7 
171 
20 
38 


368 
79 
212 


111 

47 
133 

SI 


40 
42 
105 
8 
5 
17 
25 


20  to  24 
years. 


5,701 


620 
1,446 
1,053 
643 
779 
413 
328 
130 
289 


43 
15 
25 

383 
47 

107 


837 
167 
442 


222 
116 
353 
169 
193 


136 
132 
221 
19 
22 
42 
71 


114 

74 
145 

42 
119 

86 
153 

37 


132 
100 
110 
71 


34 
54 
85 
155 


59 
158 


25  to  29 
years. 


7,027 


734 
1,662 
1,416 
929 
799 
470 
404 
187 
426 


52 
31 
25 

428 
65 
143 


976 
ISO 
506 


364 
133 
456 
189 
274 


209 
209 
305 
33 
25 
42 
106 


10 
153 

75 
144 

56 
100 

85 
138 


128 
132 
105 
105 


33 
66 
108 
197 


25 
11 

6 
104 

5 
16 
17 

4 


125 
75 
226 


30  to  34 
years. 


7,295 


748 
1,721 
1,536 
918 
779 
606 
418 
198 
471 


49 
29 
26 

454 
59 

131 


1,018 
165 
538 


393 

120 
473 
225 
325 


169 
172 
318 
32 
26 
53 
128 


13 

153 

75 
142 

56 
101 

72 
133 

34 


147 
124 

127 
108 


39 

69 

85 

225 


131 
74 

266 


35  to  39 
years. 


7,495 


868 
1,767 
1,653 
924 
816 
450 
370 
205 
442 


58 
30 
35 

533 
66 

146 


1,067 
184 
616 


415 
177 

497 
216 
348 


161 
211 
323 
36 
26 
48 
119 


18 
177 

70 
144 

52 
123 

72 
121 

39 


139 

129 
104 
78 


33 
61 
83 
193 


113 
67 
262 


40  to  44 
years. 


6,469 


776 
1,565 
1,479 
800 
618 
327 
294 
220 
390 


51 
35 
37 

493 
45 

115 


920 
162 
483 


364 
137 
472 
193 
313 


161 
160 
301 
23 
20 
32 
103 


12 
131 
45 
102 
43 
97 
47 
107 
34 


118 
88 
64 
57 


27 
50 
68 
149 


44 

30 
3 
100 
9 
17 
11 
6 


107 
61 
222 


45  to  49 
years. 


5,681 


687 
1,460 
1,306 
690 
517 
299 
245 
146 
331 


45 

41 
26 

419 
50 

108 


858 
172 
430 


327 
123 
382 
204 
270 


1.59 
135 
249 
15 
23 
39 
70 


9 
123 
35 
99 
40 
63 
32 
90 
26 


113 
77 
65 
44 


19 
38 
64 
124 


86 
59 
186 


50  to  54 
years. 


4,877 


579 
1,217 
1,119 

606 
483 
277 
189 
139 
268 


50 
31 
20 
351 
36 
91 


701 
137 
379 


298 
124 
318 
146 
233 


137 
104 
238 
11 
15 
30 
71 


100 
74 
50 
53 


61 
41 
166 


55  to  59 
years. 


60to64  pSy^rs 


3,368 


432 
853 
823 
383 
327 
178 
131 
84 
157 


43 
24 
12 

263 
23 

.67 


485 

92 

276 


245 
121 
143 


SO 

75 

161 

7 

8 

20 

32 


2,872 


340 
663 
647 
383 
317 
150 
118 
85 
169 


25 
19 
16 
195 
15 
70 


372 

77 
214 


194 

70 
161 
101 
121 


55 
72 
165 
5 
13 
22 
51 


827 
1,498 
1,434 
757 
693 
284 
207 
134 
327 


68 
50 
36 

479 
64 

130 


878 
193 
427 


378 
131 

429 
272 
224 


91 
182 
277 
12 
19 
56 
120 


16 
127 
108 
129 
52 
70 
70 


132 
69 
32 

51 


68 
64 
195 


Age 
un- 
known. 


957 


70 
107 
246 
169 
155 
64 
46 


10 
7 
5 

32 
7 
9 


34 
16 
57 


30 
11 
125 
43 

37 


6 
17 
92 
23 

2 
10 

9 


2 
18 

2 
22 
62 

4 
29 

2 
14 


34 

14 


15 
11 

20 


12 
4 
2 
2 


14 
21 
46 


132 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  9. 


-INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  AGE  WHEN  FIRST 
ADMITTED  TO  ANY  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


INSANE  ENTOEBATED  IK  HOSPITALS  ON  lANUABT  1,  1910. 


DIVISION   OB  STATE. 


United  States. 


Geogbaphic  divisions: 

New  England 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central.. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  S Juth  Central . . 
West  South  Central . 

Mountain 

Pacific 


New  England: 
Maine 

New  Hampshire. 

Vermont 

Massachusetts... 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 


Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Pennsylvania. . 


East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michi^can 

Wisconsin 


West  Noeth  Central: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 


South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  ot  Columbia. , 

Virginia 

West  V  irginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 


East  Sodth  Cenieal: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 


West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 


Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico. 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 


Pacific: 

Washington. 

Oregon 

California 


187,791 


19,580 

52,3S0 

41,245 

22,653 

19,952 

9,759 

8,413 

3,574 

10,204 


1,25S 
909 
990 
11,601 
1,243 
3,579 


31,2S0 
6,042 
15,058 


10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,587 


4,744 
5,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 


441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 


3,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 


1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 


697 
388 
162 
,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 


1,987 
1,565 
6,652 


Age  when  first  admitted  to  any  hospital  for  the  insane. 


Under 

15 
years. 


1,079 


142 
174 
103 
121 
254 
89 
122 
40 
34 


3 
6 
10 
116 
1 
6 


15  to  19 
years. 


8,102 


970 

2,261 

1,403 

853 

1,218 

518 

455 

140 

284 


40 

41 
49 

630 
65 

145 


1,385 
291 

585 


317 
179 
389 
298 
220 


166 

170 

295 

16 

27 

67 

112 


11 
158 
123 
256 

51 
179 
117 
245 


176 
90 
124 
128 


69 
114 

90 
182 


20  to  24 
years. 


21,432 


2,243 
6,247 
4,022 
2,602 
2,716 
1,277 
1,064 
309 
952 


106 

92 

99 

.,406 

146 

394 


3,948 

809 

1,490 


1,022 
498 

1,082 
703 
717 


573 
573 
747 
69 
82 
214 
344 


32 
358 
499 
607 

96 
361 
228 
403 
132 


443 

258 
319 
257 


138 
278 
139 
509 


25  to  29 
years. 


27,195 


30  to  34 
years. 


26,655 


2,822 
7,929 
5,433 
3,394 
2,988 
1,539 
1,319 
442 
1,329 


19 

51 

17 

44 

4 

17 

67 

104 

12 

26 

15 

21 

9 

30 

7 

16 

59 

218 

60 

128 

165 

606 

173 
105 
143 
1,643 
183 
575 


4,990 

897 

2,042 


1,3.54 

685 

1,400 

1,033 

961 


828 
712 
864 
104 
135 
319 
432 


47 
446 
568 
586 
115 
404 
218 
4S8 
116 


533 
323 
367 
316 


161 
354 
184 
620 


40 
18 
153 
21 
32 
54 
26 


293 
197 
839 


2,848 
7,678 
5,504 
3,334 
2,586 
1,464 
1,228 
515 
1,498 


174 
120 
140 
1,650 
199 
565 


4,889 

842 

1,947 


1,508 
681 

1,353 
970 


738 
732 
862 
89 
142 
281 
490 


60 
416 
423 
447 

84 
374 
206 
452 
124 


513 
287 
332 
332 


143 
327 
138 
620 


119 
61 
25 

141 
35 
46 
54 
34 


323 

224 
951 


35  to  39 
years. 


24,225 


40  to  44 
years. 


18,764 


2,5S0 
7,055 
5,041 
3,005 
2,365 
1,267 
1,114 
521 
1,277 


170 
115 
146 
1,499 
176 
474 


4,343 

768 

1,944 


1,413 

648 

1,202 

859 

919 


643 
671 
790 
78 
121 
269 
433 


74 
378 
313 
439 

99 
340 
ISo 
438 

99 


466 
294 
246 
261 


133 

295 
134 
552 


98 
50 
22 
185 
26 
63 
51 
36 


233 

191 
853 


2,026 

5,418 

4,011 

2,254 

1,750 

903 

910 

424 

1,068 


146 

99 

70 

1,226 

111 

374 


3,310 

614 

1,494 


1,136 
502 
936 
711 
726 


466 
580 
5S6 
54 
96 
199 
293 


65 
318 
209 
346 

62 
244 
144 
290 

72 


323 
212 
181 
187 


114 
22S 
106 
462 


78 
49 
22 
139 
26 
37 
42 
31 


218 
152 

698 


45  to  49     50  to  54 
years.       years. 


14,784 


1,597 

4,236 

3,263 

1,797 

1,333 

749 

687 

317 

SOS 


108 
85 
95 

917 
90 

302 


2,544 

472 

1,220 


901 
422 
750 
563 
567 


353 

419 
497 
41 
73 
161 
253 


43 
247 
149 
281 

36 
193 

92 
233 

59 


289 
152 
153 
155 


86 
166 

71 
364 


1,307 

3,104 

2,487 

1,301 

1,069 

602 

479 

234 

584 


146 
121 

538 


99 

73 
77 

767 


1,840 
372 
892 


782 
322 
524 
449 
410 


268 
295 
332 
31 
62 
135 
178 


31 

189 
140 
218 

34 
155 

79 
184 

39 


242 
139 
103 
118 


51 
137 

51 
240 


107 
93 
384 


55  to  59 
years 


6,922 


797 
1,999 
1,507 
812 
710 
321 
262 
162 
352 


66 
48 
45 

455 
44 

139 


1,196 
216 
587 


470 
173 

306 
282 


152 

191 

229 

22 

26 

76 

116 


16 
120 
132 
134 
19 
96 
53 
103 
37 


122 
81 
49 
69 


31 
67 
31 
133 


67 
43 

242 


60  to  64 
years. 


5,239 


649 
1,411 
1,128 
567 
613 
236 
200 
125 
280 


59 
38 
39 

306 
41 

106 


838 

185 
418 


361 
131 
225 
214 
197 


87 
160 
152 
12 
28 
65 
63 


114 
124 
19 

63 
48 
108 
24 


21 
34 
26 
119 


62 
50 
178 


65  vears 
and 
over. 


Age 
un- 
known. 


8,316 


1,162 
2,366 
1,847 
977 
789 
361 
216 
161 
437 


90 
68 
64 

655 
66 

219 


1,332 
311 
723 


596 
149 
375 
388 
339 


143 
247 
283 
16 
28 
104 
156 


13,911 


437 

2,472 

5,497 

1,666 

1,561 

433 

357 

1S4 

1,304 


24 
19 
13 
271 
53 
57 


602 

218 

1,652 


656 
132 
4,261 
201 
247 


317 
632 
461 
93 
41 
92 
30 


36 

9 

134 

329 

199 

4 

127 

29 

41 

1,055 

59 

43 

63 

66 

101 

13 

29 

13 

167 

153 

96 

184 

37 

70 

61 

26 

15 

113 

50 

80 

60 

60 

101 

104 

28 

35 

17 

8 

7 

47 

96 

6 

16 

IS 

16 

19 

2 

19 

12 

&3 

200 

74 

221 

300 

883 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


183 


Table  10.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO   HOSPITALS   IN   1910,  CLASSIFIED   BY  AGE  WHEN   FIRST  ADMITTED   TO  ANY 

HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


DIVISION  OE  STATE. 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Total. 


United  States... 

GEOGEAPinc  divisions: 

New  EnRL-ind 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central. 
West  North  Central. 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central.. 
West  South  Central. 

Mountain 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine 

New  Hampshire 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

Rhode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atuntic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

Penn-qylvajiia 

East  North  Centbal: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Michigan 

Wisconsin 

West  North  Centeal: 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

Kansas 

South  Atlantic; 

Delaware 

Maryland 

District  of  Columbia, 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Centbal: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 

Texas 

Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

PAcmc: 

Washington 

Oregon 

California 


60,769 


14,6G9 
13,191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,6S5 
2,968 
l,t;23 
3,463 


509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 


8,530 
1,640 
4,499 


3,336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 


1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 


127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 


1,227 
932 
831 
695 


255 

491 

743 

1,479 


278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 


884 
590 


Age  when  first  admitted  to  any  hospital  for  the  insane. 


Under 

15 
years. 


430 


15  to  19 
years. 


2,982 


350 
826 
532 
302 
399 
219 
195 
64 
105 


20 
16 
11 
221 
24 
58 


490 
94 
242 


128 
65 
138 
105 


62 

57 

117 

8 

6 

16 

36 


20  to  24 
years. 


706 
1,605 
1,174 
776 
754 
354 
343 
127 
241 


51 
19 
27 

426 
55 
128 


957 
179 
469 


232 
141 
363 
195 
243 


175 
161 
261 
21 
27 
36 
95 


9 
101 

75 
150 

38 
108 

86 
161 

26 


139 
110 
74 
31 


37 
49 
90 

167 


70 
59 
112 


25  to  29 
years. 


7,024 


790 
1,755 
1,441 
976 
768 
393 
406 
169 
326 


63 
30 

27 
476 

57 
137 


1,035 
186 
534 


351 
147 
442 
206 
295 


225 

209 

326 

36 

26 

45 

109 


10 
143 
78 
140 
50 
93 
79 
144 
29 


134 
130 
81 
48 


30  to  34 
years. 


6,856 


799 
1,714 
1,438 
887 
732 
377 
:J94 
177 
338 


32 


100 
206 


129 
52 
145 


59 
33 
28 

476 
59 

144 


1,017 
173 
524 


371 
120 

409 
208 
330 


206 
171 
289 
31 
21 
41 
128 


13 
145 

84 
132 
52 
95 
63 
126 
22 


129 
108 
91 
49 


34 
60 
7S 
222 


116 
56 
166 


35  to  39 
years. 


6,719 


835 
1,733 
1,467 
807 
728 
336 
344 
176 
293 


52 
28 
35 

518 
64 

138 


1,0.52 
174 
507 


354 
165 
il3 
221 
294 


150 
168 
286 
30 
21 
35 
117 


17 

159 
69 

127 
42 
95 
68 

131 
30 


121 

122 
55 
38 


30 

54 
.'« 
177 


101 
.19 
153 


40  to  44 
years. 


5,643 


708 
1,441 
1,283 
689 
569 
268 
275 
177 
253 


45  to  49 
years. 


596 
1,.360 
1,137 
549 
460 
218 
224 
111 
211 


45 
34 
30 

451 
41 

107  i 


858 
146 
437 


309 

136 
397 
183 
268 


127 
143 
251 
22 
25 
34 
87 


14 
118 

38 
99 
37 
78 
45 
102 
28 


111 

75 
49 
23 


27 
45 
66 
137 


91 
39 
123 


49 

39 

24 

349 

48 
87 


787 
159 
404 


268 
107 
339 
199 
224 


126 
119 
180 
12 

16 
28 
68 


8 
107 
36 
98 
25 
55 
27 


15 
32 
59 
118 


71 

38 
102 


50  to  54 


3,970 


507 
1,065 
936 
433 
407 
200 
155 
103 
174 


47 
30 
17 
303 
35 
75 


593 
131 
331 


234 
104 
263 
137 
198 


106 
80 
158 
6 
9 
22 
52 


55  to  59 
years. 


2,661 


356 
718 
642 
286 
276 
118 
118 
68 
79 


32 
20 
12 
212 
21 
59 


398 

78 

242 


170 
71 
181 
108 
112 


57 
66 
102 
7 
8 
15 
31 


60  to  64 
years. 


279 
576 
513 
278 
262 
102 
106 
56 
102 


24 
19 
14 
160 
11 
51 


330 
61 
185 


152 
57 

122 
96 
86 


45 
55 
103 
5 
10 
14 
46 


65  years 
and 
over. 


5,096 


722 
1,352 
1,152 
578 
608 
198 
182 
107 
197 


62 
46 
34 

414 
63 

113 


783 
173 
396 


307 
116 
334 
222 
173 


70 
161 
178 
12 
15 
35 
107 


15 
102 
101 
121 
43 
50 
66 
84 
26 


103 
.57 
17 
21 


Age 

nn- 

known. 


6,178 


281 
463 

1,422 
851 
684 
885 
177 
281 

1,134 


14 
U 
11 

181 
8 
56 


196 
60 
201 


449 
39 

624 
75 

235 


74 
119 
490 
33 
20 


6 
147 
15 
84 
128 
140 
68 
2 
95 


117 

86 

290 

393 


18 
71 
40 

48 


77 
5 
3 
149 
7 
20 
13 
7 


103 
181 
.S50 


134 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Tablb  11.— insane  enumerated  IN  HOSPITALS  ON   JANUARY  1,   1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY    RACE,   NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ENUMERATION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ENTJMEEATION. 


raSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  }ANUABT  1,  1910. 


Aggregate. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29yeare 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


MALE. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years .■ 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEMALE. 

Alleges 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years.... 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

66  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


187,791 

341 
2,312 
7,801 
14,083 
19,091 

22,856 
23,321 
22,874 
20,885 
16,383 

12,729 
9,545 
6,263 
3,5% 
2,477 

3,234 


98,695 

203 
1,302 
4,644 
8,201 
10, 777 

12,410 
12,473 
11,825 
10,7S7 
8,213 

6,152 
4,459 
2,S17 
1,583 

OSS 

1,861 


89,096 

138 
1.010 
3,157 
5,882 
8,314 

10,446 
10,848 
11,049 
10,098 
8,170 

6,577 
5,086 
3,446 
2,013 
1,489 

1,373 


White. 


TotaL 


174,224 

276 
1,952 
6,734 
12,370 
17,276 

21,065 
21,822 
21,636 
19,795 
15,523 

12,065 
9,113 
5,956 
3,477 
2,344 

2,820 


91,617 

153 

1,092 
4,040 
7,256 


11,457 
11,691 
11,223 
10,272 
7,776 

5,823 
4,251 
2,672 
1,531 
935 

1,623 


82,607 

123 

860 

2,694 

5,114 

7,454 

9,608 
10, 131 
10,413 

9,523 

7,747 

6,242 
4,862 
3,234 
1,946 
1,409 

1,197 


Native. 


Total. 


115,402 

261 
1,707 
5,426 
9,49S 
12,853 

15,098 
14,631 
13,986 
13,011 
9,710 

6,913 

4,961 
3,157 
1,806 
1,230 

1,154 


60,644 

146 

990 

3,2S8 

5,588 

7,336 

8,196 
7,812 
6,9S6 
6,634 
4,792 

3,302 

2,285 

1,411 

786 

497 

597 


54,758 

115 

717 

2,138 

3,912 

5,517 

6,902 
6,819 
7,000 
6,377 
4,918 

3,611 
2,676 
1,746 
1,020 
733 

557 


Native      .^"Jj'^rt    Parentage 
parentage.  ]  ^^^^^_  unknown. 


67,531 

169 
1,040 
3,  ISl 

5,478 
7,a56 

8,369 
8,027 
7,749 
7,389 
5,971 

4,544 
3,475 
2,214 
1,314 
905 

650 


35,238 

93 

592 

1,966 

3,269 

4,058 

4,528 
4,230 
3,815 
3,660 
2,965 

2,177 

1,597 

1,002 

689 

366 

331 


32,293 

76 

44S 

1,215 

2,209 


3,841 
3,797 
3,934 
3,729 
3,006 

2,367 

1,878 

1,212 

725 

539 

319 


28,186 

57 

459 

1,564 

2,750 

3,961 

4,448 
4,093 
3,730 
3,064 
1,818 

975 
570 
323 
16S 
105 


15,415 

34 

276 

920 

1,617 

2,270 

2,463 
2,265 
1,912 
1,622 
930 

493 

281 

162 

67 

49 


12, 771 

23 

183 

644 

1,133 

1,691 

1,985 
1,828 
1,818 
1,442 


482 
289 
161 
101 
66 


19,685 

35 

208 

681 

1,270 

1,836 

2,281 

2,511 
2,507 
2,558 
1,921 

1,394 
916 
620 
324 
220 

403 


9,991 

19 
122 

402 

700 

1,008 

1,205 
1,317 
1,259 
1,352 


632 
407 
247 
130 


9,694 

16 

88 

279 

570 

828 

1,076 
1,194 
1,248 
1,206 
1,024 

762 
509 
373 
194 
138 


Foreign     ^^^^'^ 


54,096 


215 
1,210 
2,686 
4,128 

5,585 
6,737 
7,118 
6,297 
5,428 

4,786 
3,926 
2,628 
1,575 
1,081 

708 


28,415 

6 

90 

899 

1,56-1 

2,310 

3,041 
3,617 
3,933 
3,369 
2,797 

2,367 

1,862 

1,193 

706 

425 

438 


25,681 

2 

125 

511 

1,122 

1,818 

2,544 
3,120 
3,1S5 
2,928 
2,631 

2,419 
2,064 
1,435 


272 


4,726 

7 
30 
98 
186 
295 

3S2 
454 
532 
487 
385 

386 

226 

171 

96 

53 


2,558 

1 

12 
53 
106 
176 

220 
282 
304 
269 
187 

154 
104 
68 
39 
13 


2,168 

6 

18 
45 
SO 
119 

162 
192 
228 
218 
198 

212 
122 
103 
57 
40 

368 


Colored. 


Total. 


13,567 

65 

360 

1,067 

1,713 

1,815 

1,791 
1,499 
1,238 
1,090 
860 

664 
432 
307 
119 
133 


7,078 

50 
210 
604 
945 
955 

953 
782 
602 
515 
437 

329 
208 
145 
52 
53 


6,489 

15 
150 
483 
768 
860 

838 
717 
636 
575 
423 

335 
224 
162 
67 


S'egro.     Indian.  I  ^Otter 


12,910 

60 

348 

1,019 

1,658 

1,733 

1,735 

1,445 

1,176 

1,011 

796 

611 
414 
292 
114 
127 


6,536 


200 


6,374 

14 
143 

453 
755 


833 
706 
626 
583 
417 

328 
222 
158 
65 
77 

171 


166 


46 

4 

2a5 

4 

1 

566 

14 

24 

9a3 

5 

37 

890 

16 

49 

902 

10 

41 

739 

8 

35 

.■i-iO 

8 

44 

448 

63 

379 

54 

2S3 

42 

192 

12 

134 

10 

49 

2 

50 

2 

76 


491 

1 
4 
27 
40 
56 

42 
40 
46 
68 
67 

45 
12 
10 
3 
2 

38 


452 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


135 


Table  1-2.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND 

AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  vears 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

SO  to  54  years 

S5  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


MALE. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEMALE. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

SO  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


DJSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Aggregate. 


60,769 

327 
2,539 
5,701 
7,027 
7,295 

7,495 
6,469 
5,681 
4,877 
3,368 

2,872 
2,191 
1,776 
1,180 
1,014 

957 


34,116 

181 
1,471 
3,234 
3,911 
4,018 

4,090 
3,618 
3,163 
2,712 
1,975 

1,698 

1,255 

994 

676 

513 

607 


26,653 

146 
1,068 
2,467 
3,116 
3,277 

3,405 
2,851 
2,518 
2,165 
1,393 

1,174 
936 
782 
504 
501 

350 


White. 


Total. 


56,182 

272 
2,215 
5,101 
6,394 
6,696 

6,945 
6,046 
5,349 
4,609 
3,208 

2,706 
2,074 
1,656 
1,121 
956 

834 


31,646 

152 
1,277 
2,934 
3,602 
3,718 

3,819 
3,387 
2,970 
2,549 
1,876 

1,595 

1,179 

926 

643 

483 

536 


24,536 

120 

938 

2,167 

2,792 

2,978 

3,126 
2,659 
2,379 
2,060 
1,332 

1,111 
895 
730 

478 
473 

298 


Native. 


Total. 


39,629 

256 
1,871 
3,966 
4,749 
4,841 

4,999 
4,201 
3,656 
3,197 
2,178 

1,728 

1,282 

1,009 

694 

570 

432 


22,190 

144 

1,099 
2,284 
2,640 
2,637 

2,720 
2,309 
1,9S2 
1,766 
1,284 

1,025 
740 
578 
407 
309 

266 


17,439 

112 
772 

1,682 
2, 109 
2,204 

2,279 
1,892 
1,674 
1,431 
894 

703 
542 
431 
287 
261 

106 


Native 
parentage 


24,534 

159 
1,153 
2,393 
2,864 


2,912 
2,474 
2,181 
1,951 
1,442 

1,231 
930 
760 
524 
419 

263 


13,792 

84 

685 

1,405 

1,592 

1,547 

1,577 
1,362 
1,203 
1,085 
846 

737 
537 
435 
308 
222 


10,742 

75 

468 

988 

1,272 

1,331 

1,335 
1,112 

978 
866 
596 

494 
393 
325 
216 
197 

96 


^^'^l^d    P-ntage 


or  mixed 

parentage. 


10,685 

61 

556 
1,157 
1,413 
1,449 

1,591 

1,294 

1,062 

SSI 

489 

255 
187 
123 
55 
62 


38 
322 
653 
809 
825 


708 
565 
490 
299 

142 
105 
64 
28 
39 

29 


4,689 

23 
234 

504 
604 
62t 

711 
5S6 
497 
391 
190 

113 
82 
59 
27 
23 


unknown. 


4,410 

36 
162 
416 
472 
514 

496 
433 
413 
365 
247 

242 
165 
126 
115 


2,402 

22 

92 

226 

239 

265 

263 
239 
214 
191 
139 


70 


2,008 

14 

70 

190 

233 

249 

233 
194 
199 
174 
108 


Foreign 
bom. 


15,S23 

10 

320 

1,074 

1,568 

1,777 

1,848 
1,755 
1,605 
1,341 
982 

928 
765 
610 
407 
370 


8,838 


164 

614 

917 

1,033 

1,038 

1,026 

940 

748 

562 

540 
424 
328 
228 
166 


3 

156 
460 
651 
714 

SIO 
729 
665 
593 
420 


341 
282 
181 
204 


Nativity 

un- 
known. 


1,030 

6 
24 
61 

77 
78 

98 
90 
88 
71 
48 

50 
27 
37 
20 
16 

239 


618 

1 

14 
36 
45 
48 

61 
52 
4S 
35 
30 

30 
15 
20 
10 


Colored. 


Tota.. 


4,587 

65 
324 
600 
633 

599 

550 
423 
332 
268 
160 

168 
117 
120 
59 
58 


2,470 

29 

194 
30O 
309 
300 

271 
231 
193 
163 
99 

103 
76 
68 
33 
30 


2,117 

26 
130 
300 
324 
299 

279 
192 
139 
105 
61 

63 
41 
52 
26 


62 


Negro. 


4,  .384 

54 
320 
579 
601 
568 

529 
388 
316 
253 

1-50 

163 
114 
119 

58 
57 


2,304 


2,080 


129 
295 
313 

297 

275 
187 
137 
104 
69 

62 
41 
52 
26 
27 


SO 


Indian 


28 

1 

191 

1 

2 

2X4 

4 

12 

288 

3 

18 

271 

4 

25 

254 

6 

11 

201 

5 

25 

179 

2 

12 

149 

1 

13 

91 

2 

6 

101 

1 

1 

73 

3 

67 

1 

32 

1 

30 

Other 
colored. 


152 


2 
16 
24 

26 

12 
27 
12 
14 
8 


136 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  13.— INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  WHEN  FIRST  ADMITTED  TO  ANY  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE,  FOR  THE 
UNITED  STATES   AS   A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  AND  AGE  "WHEN  FIKST  ADMITTED 
TO  ANY  HOSPITAL  FOB  THE  INSANE. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

AUages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


HALE. 

AUages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  09  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEMALE. 


AUages... 

Under  15  years. 
15  to  19  years... 
20  to  24  years. . . 
25  to  29  years. . . 
30  to 34  years... 


35  to  39  years. 
40  to  44  years. 
45  to  49  years. 
50  to  54  years. 
55  to  59  years. 


60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over. 

Age  unknown 


INSANE  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910. 


Aggregate. 


White. 


187,791 

1,079 
8,102 
21,432 

27, 195 
26,655 

24,225 
18,764 
14,784 
11,167 
6,922 

5,239 
3,387 
2,376 
1,435 
918 

13,911 


98,695 

579 
4,611 
12,837 
15,161 
13,886 

12,277 
9,230 
7,113 
5,384 
3,554 

2,527 

1,764 

1,119 

674 

413 

7,566 


89,096 

500 
3,491 
8,595 
12,034 
12,769 

11,948 
9,534 
7,671 
5,783 
3,368 

2,712 

1,823 

1,257 

761 

505 

6,345 


Total. 


174,224 

929 

7,168 

19,350 

25,033 

24,805 

22,561 
17,568 
13, 931 
10,516 
6,628 

4,897 
3,398 
2,258 
1,378 
852 

13,052 


91,617 

485 
4,040 
11,617 
14,023 
12,993 

11,453 
8,672 
6,713 
5,075 
3,348 

2,355 

1,670 

1,069 

645 

386 

7,073 


82,607 

444 
3,128 
7,733 
11,010 
11,812 

11,108 
8,896 
7,218 
5,441 
3,180 

2,642 

1,728 

1,189 

733 

466 

5,979 


Native. 


Total. 


115,402 

834 
5,995 
14,901 
17, 794 
16, 703 

14,590 
10,883 
8,681 
6,444 
3,913 

2,839 

1,934 

1,282 

777 

487 

7,345 


60,644 

434 

3,488 
9,086 
10,020 
8,602 

7,290 
5,215 
4,038 
3,068 
2,018 

1,387 
948 
625 
366 
221 

3,838 


54,758 

400 
2,507 
6,815 
7,774 
8,101 

7,300 
5,668 
4,643 
3,376 
1,895 

1,452 
986 
657 
411 
266 


Native 
parentage. 


67,531 

535 
3,410 
8,254 
9,894 
9,306 

8,500 
6,470 
5,396 
4,282 
2,726 

2,079 

1,461 

960 

606 

391 

3,261 


35,238 

269 
2,010 
5,061 
5,606 
4,718 

4,182 
3,056 
2,488 
2,048 
1,416 

1,013 
716 
472 
285 
174 

1,724 


32,293 

266 
1,400 
3,193 
4,288 
4,588 

4,318 
3,414 
2,908 
2,234 
1,310 

1,066 
745 
488 
321 
217 

1,537 


Foreigner 

mUed 
parentage. 


28,186 

161 
1,582 
4,183 
4,954 
4,637 

3,780 
2,686 
1,990 
1,263 
639 

354 
216 
129 
77 
34 


925 
2,533 
2,834 
2,487 

2,003 

1,376 

962 

639 

348 

183 
112 
64 
35 
18 


12,771 

72 

657 

1,650 

2,120 

2,150 

1,777 

1,310 

1,028 

624 

291 

171 
104 
65 
42 
16 

694 


Parentage 
unknown. 


19,685 

138 
1,003 
2,464 
2,946 
2,760 

2,310 

1,727 

1,295 

899 

648 

406 
257 
193 
94 
62 

2,583 


9,991 

76 

653 

1,492 

1,680 

1,397 

1,105 
783 
588 
381 
254 

191 
120 
89 
46 
29 


9,694 

62 

450 

972 

1,366 

1,363 

1,206 
944 
707 
618 
294 

215 
137 
104 
48 
33 


Foreign 
bom. 


54,096 

67 
1,045 
4,100 
6,787 
7,671 

7,602 
6,364 
5,008 
3,915 
2,526 

l,9n 

1,408 

930 

584 

353 

3,765 


28,415 

40 

482 

2,321 

3,756 

4,142 

3,986 
3,2S8 
2,572 
1,938 
1,289 

922 
696 
420 
274 
163 

2,126 


26,681 

27 

563 

1,779 

3,031 

3,529 

3,616 
3,076 
2,436 
1,977 
1,237 

1,049 

712 
510 
310 
190 

1,639 


Nativity 

un- 
known. 


4,726 

28 
128 
349 
452 
431 

369 
321 
242 
157 


87 
56 
46 
17 
12 

1,942 


2,558 

11 

70 

210 

247 

249 

177 
169 
103 
69 
41 

46 

26 

24 

5 

2 

1,109 


2,168 

17 
58 
139 
205 
182 

192 
152 
139 
88 
48 

41 

30 
22 
12 
10 

833 


Colored. 


Total. 


13,567 

150 

934 

2,082 

2,162 

1,860 

1,664 

1,196 

853 

651 

394 

342 
189 
118 
57 
66 

859 


7,078 

94 

571 

1,220 

1,138 

893 

824 
558 
400 
309 
206 

172 
94 
60 
29 
27 

493 


6,489 

56 
363 
862 
1,024 
967 

840 
638 
453 
342 
188 

170 
95 


366 


Negro. 


12,910 

141 

910 

2,013 

2,074 

1,764 

1,697 

1,119 

794 

618 

365 

319 
183 
113 
56 
62 


6,536 


555 
1,168 
1,067 

824 

763 

488 
352 
281 
181 

155 
89 
49 
28 
26 


6,374 

63 

355 

846 

1,007 

940 

834 
631 
442 

337 
184 

164 
94 
64 
28 
36 

360  I 


Indian. 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


137 


Table   14.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  AGE 
WHEN  FIRST  ADMITTED  TO  ANY  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


raSANE  ADMITTED   TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


SEX, AND  AGE  WHEN  FIRST  ADMITTED 
TO  ANY  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

All  ages , 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  ye^rs 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

66to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

76  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Ageuninown 


.MALE. 

All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  64  years 

65  to  59  ye.ir3 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  untnown 


yEMALE. 

-Mlages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

60  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  54  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

76  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  tmknowD 


Aggregate. 


60,769 

430 
2,982 
6,080 
7,024 
6,856 

6,719 
5,643 
4,856 
3,970 
2,661 

2,274 
1,725 
1,495 
1,003 
873 

6,178 


34,116 

222 
1,723 
3,386 
3,774 
3,684 

3,639 
3,165 
2,689 
2,192 
1,599 

1,351 

1.013 

840 

565 

438 

3,836 


26,663 

208 
1,259 
2,694 
3,250 
3,172 

3,080 
2,478 
2,167 
1,778 
1,062 

923 
712 
655 
438 
435 

2,342 


White. 


Total. 


56,182 

374 
2,662 
5,516 
6,444 
6,337 

6,237 
5, 282 
4,585 
3,746 
2,632 

2, 141 

1,628 

1,384 

961 

823 

5,540 


31,646 

197 
1,532 
3,094 
3,495 
3,430 

3,405 
2,976 
2,533 
2,057 
1,518 

1,270 
953 
777 
537 
414 

3,458 


34,536 

177 
1,130 
2,422 
2,949 
2,907 

2,832 
2,306 
2,052 
1,689 
1,014 

871 
675 
607 
414 
409 

2,082 


Native. 


Total. 


39,629 

341 
2,254 
4,294 
4,742 
4,504 

4,380 
3,644 
3,082 
2,575 
1,697 

1,364 

1,024 

833 

688 

491 

3.816 


22,190 

181 
1,334 
2,429 
2,554 
2,407 

2,377 
2,016 
1,664 
1,412 
1,037 

813 
605 
477 
340 
259 


17,439 

160 

920 

1.865 

2,188 

2,097 

2,003 
1,628 
1,418 
1,163 
660 

551 
419 
356 
248 
232 

1,531 


Xative 
parentage 


24,534 

203 
1,361 
2,564 
2,857 
2,711 

2,557 
2,191 
1,904 
1,638 
1,163 


765 
633 
445 
372 

2,182 


13,792 

106 

817 

1,484 

1,541 

1,430 

1,376 
1,204 
1,029 


456 
369 
259 
193 

1,334 


10,742 

97 

54^4 

1,080 

1,316 

1,281 

1,181 
987 
875 
739 
454 

402 
309 
264 
186 
179 

848 


Foreign 
or  mked 
parentage. 


10,685 

88 

698 

1,329 

1,457 

1,394 

1,442 

1,107 

907 

706 

385 

195 
144 
105 
48 
61 

629 


50 

412 
728 
805 


796 
628 
489 
393 
241 

116 
81 
51 
25 
31 


38 
286 
601 
652 
628 

646 
479 
418 
313 
144 

79 
63 
54 
23 
20 


Parentage 
unknown. 


4,410 

50 
195 
401 
428 
399 

381 
346 
271 
231 
159 

171 
115 
95 
95 
68 


25 
105 
217 
208 
211 

205 
184 
146 
120 
97 

101 
68 
57 
56 
35 


2.008 

25 
90 
184 
220 
188 

176 
162 
125 
111 
62 

70 
47 
38 
39 
33 


Foreign 
bom. 


15, 523 

29 

390 

1,173 

1,630 

1,773 

1,773 
1,585 
1,453 
1,130 
805 

746 
590 
529 
348 
321 

1,248 


!,838 

15 
192 
638 
908 
994 

974 
936 
842 
624 
463 

439 
339 
286 
189 
152 

848 


14 

198 
535 


650 
611 
506 
342 

307 
251 
243 
159 
169 


Nativity 

un- 
known. 


1,030 

4 
18 
49 


476 


618 

1 

6 
27 
33 
29 

54 
25 
27 
21 
18 


412 

3 

12 
22 
39 
31 

30 
28 
23 
20 
12 

13 
5 


151 


Colored. 


Total. 


4,587 

56 
320 
564 
580 
519 

482 
361 
271 
224 
129 

133 
97 

111 
52 
50 


25 
191 
292 
279 
254 


156 
135 
81 

81 
60 
63 
28 
24 


2,117 

31 
129 
272 
301 
265 

248 
172 
115 
89 
48 

52 
37 
48 
24 
26 


Negro. 


4,384 

55 
315 
548 
549 
496 

464 
337 
263 
216 
123 

131 
96 

110 
61 
49 


24 
188 
280 
260 
232 

218 
168 
149 
128 
76 

79 
59 
62 
27 
24 


2,080 

31 

127 
268 
289 
264 

246 

169 
114 


Indian. 


32 


Other 
colored. 


152 


2 
11 
22 

18 

10 
18 
6 
7 
6 

1 
1 
1 


50 


16 
18 

10 
17 
6 
6 
4 

1 
1 
1 


43 


138 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table   15.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  PLACE  OF 


INSANE  ADMITTED  TO 

HosprrALS  IN  1910. 

DIVISION  OB  STATE. 

Total. 

"Who  prior  to  admission  resided  in  places 

having  a  population  of— 

Leas  than  2,500. 

2,500  to  10,000. 

10,000  to  25,000. 

\ 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1 1 

UiViTED  States 

60,769 

34,116 

26,653 

20,442 

11,673 

8,769 

5,942 

3,311 

2,631 

4,239 

2,453 

1,786 

7 

GEOGKApmc  divisions: 

6,9S6 

14,669 

13,191 

.7,459 

6,725 

3,685 

2,968 

1,623 

3,463 

3,632 
7,866 
7,548 
4,180 
3,730 
2,069 
1,622 
1,134 
2,335 

3,354 

6,803 
5,643 
3,279 
2,995 
1,616 
1,346 
489 
1,12s 

1,009 
2,548 
4,608 
3,856 
3,040 
2,264 
1,758 
549 
810 

527 
1,463 
2,563 
2,263 
1,633 
1,224 
1,002 
429 
569 

482 

1,083 

2,045 

1,593 

1,407 

1,040 

756 

120 

241 

940 

1,147 
1,471 
687 
571 
255 
346 
240 
285 

471 
629 
824 
387 
301 
149 
192 
173 
185 

469 
518 
647 
300 
270 
106 
154 
67 
100 

861 
1,022 
1,051 
332 
383 
127 
131 
166 
166 

477 
590 
599 
203 
214 
81 
75 
111 
103 

384 
432 
452 
129 
169 
46 
58 
55 
63 

^ 

East  North  Central 

S 

a 

South  Atlantic           

7 

East  South  Central  . 

q 

in 

New  England: 

11 

509 
326 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 

8,630 
1,640 

4,499 

3,336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 

1,425 
1,511 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 

127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

495 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 

1,227 
932 
831 
695 

255 

491 

743 

1,479 

278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

56 

884 

590 

1,989 

248 
16S 
150 
2,206 
267 
593 

4,461 

878 

2,527 

1,932 
672 
2,319 
1,111 
1,514 

866 
863 
1,403 
142 
129 
243 
534 

78 
677 
426 
691 
266 
435 
338 
623 
196 

735 
512 
444 
378 

152 
234 
440 
796 

212 
155 

30 
462 

60 
104 

66 

45 

609 

;             447 
1          1,279 

261 
158 
120 
2,030 
223 
562 

4,069 

762 

1,972 

1,404 
59S 

1,734 
863 

1,044 

559 

648 

1,376 

82 

75 

168 

371 

49 
596 

171 
543 
229 
481 
308 
489 
129 

492 
420 
387 
317 

103 
257 
303 
683 

66 
48 
12 
260 
24 
31 
37 
11 

275 
143 
710 

221 
132 
150 
285 
45 
176 

1,192 

348 

1,008 

966 
588 

1,047 
870 

1,137 

819 
846 
1,101 
174 
'              170 
282 
464 

43 
I             353 

1 
784 
310 
389 
349 
699 
!            112 

666 

;             523 

556 

519 

224 
174 
539 
821 

102 
116 
31 
132 
55 
60 
28 
35 

253 
214 

343 

103 
64 
S3 

149 
27 
99 

673 
195 
595 

533 
301 
558 
500 
671 

507 
471 
650 
109 
102 
162 
262 

24 
196 

1 
420 
157 
188 
192 
3S8 
67 

397 
284 
2S6 
257 

129 

90 

312 

471 

34 
90 
24 
105 
42 
40 
16 
28 

186 
153 
230 

116 
68 
67 

136 
18 
77 

519 
153 

413 

433 
287 
489 
370 
466 

312 
375 
451 
65 
68 
120 
202 

19 
157 

147 
39 
59 

470 
57 

168 

413 
177 
557 

384 
174 
409 
202 
302 

116 

165 

172 

13 

19 

47 

155 

7 

47 

5 

67 

72 

86 

130 

114 

43 

127 
33 
61 
34 

21 

26 

76 

223 

36 
38 
2 
65 
20 
49 
20 
10 

60 
94 
131 

72 
19 
30 
237 
35 
78 

225 

100 
304 

205 
94 
229 
112 
184 

69 
93 
81 
6 
15 
33 
90 

4 
23 

5 
45 

38 
31 
70 
61 
24 

74 
19 
33 
21 

17 
16 
50 
109 

29 
26 

1 
45 
12 
38 
14 

8 

39 
74 

72 

75 
20 
29 
233 
22 
90 

188 

77 

253 

179 
80 

ISO 
90 

118 

47 
72 
91 
7 
4 
14 
65 

3 
24 

73 
82 
33 

453 
31 

189 

419 
187 
416 

242 

186 
260 
165 
198 

34 

124 
69 
16 
8 
10 
71 

35 
46 
23 

255 
18 

100 

232 

98 

260 

135 
99 

152 
99 

114 

21 
71 
38 
10 
6 
6 
51 

38 

36 
10 
198 
13 
89 

187 
89 
li6 

107 
87 

lOS 
65 
84 

13 

53 

31 

6 

2 

4 

20 

12 

14 

16 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

10 

East  North  CENraAL: 

22 

21 

o«5 

West  NoETH  Central: 

'*? 

31 
32 

South  Atlantic: 

61 
17 
87 
42 
65 
47 
48 
16 

44 

8 
28 
47 

4 

19 
40 
68 

78 
19 

8 
12 

8 
31 

29 
16 
56 
23 

37 

22 

23 

8 

30 
5 
14 
32 

0 
10 
24 
39 

50 
13 
5 
8 
S 
22 

32 
1 

31 
19 
28 
23 
25 
3 

14 
3 

14 
15 

2 
9 

16 
29 

28 
6 
3 
4 
3 
9 

34 

District  of  Columbia 

364 
153 
201 
157 
311 
45 

269 
239 
270 
262 

95 
84 
227 
350 

18 
26 

7 
27 
13 
10 
12 

7 

67 
61 
113 

22 
34 
55 
60 
53 
19 

53 
14 

26 
13 

4 
10 
26 
114 

7 
12 

1 
20 

8 
11 

6 

2 

21 
20 
59 

?7 

North  Carolina       

?'> 

Georeia        

Florida 

East  South  Centbal: 

40 

Tennessee     

•11 

I'l 

41 

West  Sotrra  Centeal: 

ift 

•17 

Oklahoma 

4S 

•14 

Modntain: 

flO 

Idaho      

ni 

5'' 

'>'t 

New  Mexico 

*)4 

55 

Utah 

Nevada 

10 

57 
27 
82 

8 

41 
19 
43 

2 

16 

8 

39 

57 

PACffic: 

ri8 

S9 

California 

GENERAL  TABLES.  L39 

RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  AND  BY  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


DJSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910— Continued . 

Who  prior  to  admission  resided  in  places  having  a 

population 

of— 

25,000  to  50,000. 

50,000  to  100,000. 

100,000  to  500,000. 

500,000  and  over. 

Not  reported. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

3,515 

1,964 

1,551 

3,228 

1,828 

1,400 

7,901 

4,504 

3,397 

11,829 

6,214 

5,615 

3,673 

2,169 

1,504 

1 

761 
754 
844 
302 
353 
180 
136 
90 
95 

396 

425 
478 
168 
208 
116 
68 
60 
45 

363 
329 
368 
134 
145 
64 
68 
30 
50 

852 
820 
463 
318 
299 

63 
266 

43 
104 

470 

438 
294 
187 
168 
34 
137 
25 
75 

382 

382 

169 

131 

131 

29 

129 

18 

29 

931 

1,498 

1,949 

508 

731 

430 

213 

381 

1,260 

468 
805 
1,114 
279 
420 
251 
87 
253 
827 

463 
093 
835 
229 
311 
179 
126 
128 
433 

1,459 

6,616 

2,354 

751 

631 

3 

4 

4 

7 

713 

3,343 

1,384 

421 

344 

2 

1 

3 

3 

746 

3,273 

970 

330 

287 

1 

3 

1 

4 

173 
264 
451 
705 
717 
363 
114 
150 
736 

110 
173 
292 
272 
442 
212 
60 
80 
528 

63 
91 
159 
433 
275 
151 
54 
70 
208 

2 
3 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 

25 
22 
11 

525 
72 

106 

378 
106 
270 

144 

13 

U 

5 

270 

43 

51 

209 
49 
167 

81 

12 
8 
6 
255 
29 
55 

169 
57 
103 

63 

39 
42 
6 

5S5 
31 

149 

272 

282 
266 

167 
102 
150 
33 
11 

62 
76 
60 

1 

20 
18 
3 
321 
14 
94 

130 
162 
146 

113 
60 
94 
18 
9 

35 

42 

37 

1 

19 
24 
3 
264 
17 
55 

142 
120 
120 

M 
42 
56 
15 
2 

27 
34 
23 

1 

1 

3 

7 
5 
125 
3 
30 

48 
36 
180 

» 

41 

152 
38 
133 

78 
54 
525 
18 
6 
13 
11 

1 
61 
117 
28 
28 
337 
36 
2 
107 

84 
139 
48 
92 

3 

55 
35 
21 

2 

6 
3 

82 
1 

16 

32 
21 
120 

33 
21 
90 
24 
104 

73 
37 
122 
14 
5 
U 
10 

1 

32 

115 

18 

23 

166 

17 

1 

69 

46 
70 
31 
65 

2 
28 
20 
10 

11 

26 

1 
1 
2 

43 
2 

14 

16 
15 
60 

36 
20 
62 
12 

29 

5 

17 

403 

4 

1 
2 

1 

11 

2 

4 

1,263 

53 

137 

4,896 

in 

1,710 

495 

2 

1,743 

2:5 

91 

3 

1 

746 

1 

2 

623 

25 

62 

2,456 

5 

882 

313 

1 

2 

640 

28 

75 

2,440 

5 

828 

182 

2 

734 

14 

38 

1? 

2 

530 
198 
200 

912 

494 
92 

849 
177 
4 
487 
432 

311 
57 
65 
2 
1 
34 
38 

1 
269 
104 
93 

504 
248 
53 

499 
97 
2 
277 
239 

157 
38 
38 
2 
1 
18 
25 

1 

261 
94 
107 

408 
246 
39 

350 

80 

2 

210 

193 

154 
19 
27 

13 
14 

15 
16 

17 
IS 
18 

X 
?1 

288 
158 
254 

2 

18S 
41 

185 
72 
140 

1 

110 
20 

103 
86 
114 

1 
78 
21 

1,C«9 
53 

3 

1 

417 

22 
23 
24 

■?fl 

329 

27 

?fi 

25 
46 

13 
24 

12 
22 

16 
13 



3r 

119 

74 

21 

5 

1               61 

1 

2 

36 

76 

23 

25 

2 

36 

72 

47 
8 
5 
35 
1 
2 
15 
43 
12 

12 
2 

20 

47 

27 
13 

1 

2 

611 

14 

1 

1 

31 

2 
325 

3' 

26 
33 
80 
41 
30 

10 

20 

69 
74 
37 

16 
33 
48 
23 
9 
22 
45 
12 

44 
49 
23 

10 

93 

405 

126 

1 

5 

48 
237 
68 

1 
1 

45 
188 
38 

286 

29 
2 

10 

5 

171 

19 
1 

38 

38 

69 

17 
27 

1 
27 
15 
11 

33 
M 

32 
18 
21 
26 
30 
8 

25 
25 
14 

26 

3.- 

3f 

4 

2 

1 

1 

3" 

21 
33 

3f 

QR 

62 
3 

132 

83 

34 

2 

36 

3q 

11                     3 

1 
1 

i 

4f 

13 

211 
153 

C4 
1                 2 

79 
70 
30 

1 

4 

4' 

IS 

1 
1 

1 

1 

4r 

4^ 

3 

5 

9 

119 

51 

2 
3 

5 

58 

38 

1 
2 
4 

61 

13 

4.' 

i 

1               44 
221 

1 

29 
107 

211 

86 

125 

"■■■;:::!:::::--- 

4f 

15 
114 

4 

2 

1 

1 

4 

1 

3 

4f 
4' 



•  ■ 

4 

5C 

1 
2 

i 

1 

5 

30 

15 

IS 

1 

380 

1 

252 
1 

128 

4 

3 

1 

97 

33 

64 

55 
5.1 



5 

7 

4 
6 

1 

1 

rri 

9 

7 

2 

i               39 
1                 1 

97 
5 

23 

1 

09 

4 
2 

16 

5,- 

5f 

1 
2 
92 

1 

28 

1 

306 
185 
709 

240 

1            139 

442 

120 

49 

267 

6 

3 

3 

44 

63 
629 

25 
56 
447 

IS 

7 
182 

,r 

2 
43 

ff 

49 

1 

1 

5' 

140 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  16.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND 
PLACE  OF  RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


INSANE 

ADMITTED 

TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 

1 
Aggregate. 

Wliite. 

Colored. 

SEX,   AND  PLACE  OF  RESIDENCE  PBIOR  TO 
ADMISSION. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
born. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

1 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

Other 
colored. 

BOTH  SEXES. 
AECTeffate 

60,769 

56,182 

39,629 

24,534 

10,685 

4,410 

15,523 

1,030 

4,587 

4,384 

51 

1,W 

Eesiding  prior  to  admission  in  places  having  a 
populatloQ  of— 

20,442 
5,942 
4,239 
3,515 

3,228 
7,901 
11,829 
3,673 

18,454 
5,523 
3,982 
3,267 
2,999 
7,355 

11,324 
3,278 

15,263 
4,274 
2,864 
2,354 
2,031 
4,850 
5,884 
2,109 

11,108 
2,833 
1,775 
1,482 
1,347 
2,588 
2,459 
8S2 

2,531 
949 
796 
674 
543 
1,707 
3,041 
444 

1,564 
492 
293 
198 
141 
555 
384 
783 

2,907 

1,186 

1,065 

874 

922 

2,392 

5,331 

846 

284 
63 
53 
39 
46 
113 
109 
323 

1,988 
419 
257 
248 
229 
546 
505 
395 

1,923 
408 
248 
241 
221 
511 
469 
363 

41 

6 

1 



i" 

3' 

24 

2,500  to  10,000 

6 

10  noo  to  25  OflO 

8 

25,000  toso.nofl 

7 

60,oon  to  loo  nno 

8 

100,000  to  600,000 

34 

500,000  and  over 

36 

Not  reported      .... 

29 

MALE. 
AcCTeeate 

34,116 

31,646 

22,190 

13,792 

5,996 

2,402 

8,838 

618 

2,470 

2,304 

32 

134 

Resirtinp  prior  to  admission  in  places  having  a 
population  of— 

11,673 
3,.311 

2,453 
1,964 
1,828 
4,504 
6,214 
2,169 

26,653 

10,630 
3,081 
2,307 
1,845 
1,701 
4,205 
5,939 
1,938 

24,536 

8,581 
2,338 
1,649 
1,327 
1,169 
2,767 
3,166 
1,193 

17,439 

6,266 

1,518 

'         1,021 

845 

777 

1,523 

1,309 

533 

1      10,742 

1,443 
542 

454 
381 
310 
963 
1,666 
237 

4,689 

872 
278 
174 
101 
82 
281 
191 
423 

2,008 

1,891 
705 
625 
494 
502 
1,384 
2,699 
538 

6,685 

158 
38 
33 
24 
30 
54 
74 

207 

412 

1,043 
230 
146 
119 
127 
299 
275 
231 

2,117 

994 
225 
138 
112 
120 
266 
247 
202 

2,080 

28 

i' 

3' 

19 

21 

2,500  to  10,000  

5 

10  OOO  to  25  000                 .                   ... 

g 

25,000  to  50,000 

7 

50  000  to  100  000   

7 

100,000  to  500,000 

32 

500,000  and  over 

28 

Not  reported.  .                           ... 

26 

FEMALE. 
Aeer^ate  

18 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  pbces  having  a 
population  of— 

8,769 
2,631 
1,786 
1,551 
1,400 
3,397 
5,6)5 
1,504 

7,824 
2,442 
1,675 
1,422 
1,298 
3,150 
5,. 385 
1,340 

6,682 
1,936 
1,215 
1,027 

862 
2,083 
2,718 

916 

4,902 

1,315 

754 

637 

570 

1,065 

1,150 

349 

1,088 
407 
342 
293 
233 
744 

1,375 
207 

692 
214 
119 
97 
59 
274 
193 
360 

1,016 
481 
440 
380 
420 
1,008 
2,632 
308 

126 
25 
20 
15 
16 
59 
35 

116 

945 
189 
111 
129 
102 
247 
230 
164 

929 
183 
110 
129 
101 
245 
222 
161 

13 
5 

1 

3 

2,600  to  10,000     

1 

10,000  to  25,000 

25,000  lo  50,000 

50  000  to  100  OflO                              

1 

100,000  to  500.000 

3 

500,000  and  Over .      ... 

S 

3 

GENERAL   TABLES. 


141 


Table  17.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  SEX,  AND  PLACE  OF 
RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


ZNSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


SEX,  AKD    PLACE   OF  RESIDENCE   PSIOS  TO 
ADMISSION. 


BOTH  SEXES. 


Total. 


.\ggregate. 


Ref  idini;  prior  to  admissioD  in  places  having  a 
population  of — 

Less  than  2,500 

2,500  to  10,000 ' 

10,000  to  23,000 ! 

25,000  to  50,000 

50,000  to  100.000 

100,000  to  500.000 

500,000  and  over 

Not  reported 


MALE. 


Aggregate . 


Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  having  i 
population  of— 

Less  than  2,500 

2,500  to  10,000 

10,000  to  25,000 

25,000  to  50.000 

50,000  to  100.000 

100,000  to  500,000 

500,000  and  over 

Not  reported 


FEMALE. 


-Aggregate . 


Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  having  i 
population  of— 

Less  than  2,500 

2,500  to  10,000 

10,000  to  25,000 

25,000  to  50.000 

50,000  to  100,000 

100,000  to  500,000 

500  000  and  over 

Not  reported 


60,769 


20,442 
5,942 
4,239 
3,515 
.1,228 
7,901 

11,829 
3,673 


34,116 


11,673 
3,311 
2,453 
1,964 
1,828 
4,504 
6,214 
2,169 


26,653 


2,631 

1,786 
1,551 
1,400 
3,397 
5,615 
1,504 


Age  at  admission. 


Under 

IS 
years. 


327 


136 
33 
23 
12 
7 
32 
40 
44 


181 


146 


15  to  19 
years. 


2,539 


20  to  24 
years. 


5,701 


971 
230 
165 
134 
129 
278 
494 
138 


1,471 


587 
128 
87 
82 
75 
149 
270 
93 


1,068 


384 
102 
78 
52 
54 
129 
224 
45 


2,005 
537 
341 
314 
286 
710 

1,185 
323 


3,234 


1,144 
301 
231 
169 
164 
406 
614 
205 


2,467 


861 
236 
110 
145 
122 
304 
671 
118 


25  to  29 
years. 


2,392 
677 
453 
407 
382 
897 

1,433 
386 


1,298 
374 
255 
231 
214 
551 
750 
238 


3,116 


1,094 
303 
198 
176 
168 
346 
6S3 
148 


30  to  34 
years. 


7,295 


2,339 
083 
531 
425 
398 
1,007 
1,484 
428 


35  to  39 
years. 


7,495 


40  to  44   45  to  49 
years,     years. 


6,469      S,681 


1,250 
358 
293 
241 
240 
603 
7S2 
251 


3,277 


325 
238 
184 
158 
404 
702 
177 


2,401 
718 
520 
437 
411 
1,059 
1,519 
430 


4,090 


1,313 

378 
296 
221 
246 
590 
798 
248 


3,405 


340 
224 

216 
165 
469 
721 
182 


3,618 


1,107 

368 
268 
188 
222 
498 
756 
211 


2,851 


881 
219 

1S6 
172 
174 
387 
650 
152 


3,163 


1,040 
309 
228 
194 
148 
444 
610 
190 


81 S 
220 
1S4 
141 
134 
358 
511 
146 


50  to  54 
years. 


4,877 


2,712 


958 
264 
207 
158 
137 
364 
469 
155 


2,165 


678 
215 
1(56 
lis 
116 
315 
425 
133 


55  to  59 
years. 


3,358 


1,138 
355 
262 
201 
187 
404 
648 
173 


1,975 


707 
iOO 
160 
113 
113 
243 
343 
96 


1,393 


431 

155 
102 
88 
7t 
161 


60  to  64 
years. 


65  years 
and 
over. 


,064 
295 
207 
163 

12S 
333 
4V1 
197 


1,698 


659 
165 
12:! 
90 
73 
19S 
273 
117 


405 
130 
81 
73 
55 
135 
212 
SO 


6,161 


2,218 


3,438 


1,354 
396 
257 
245 
158 
387 
463 
178 


2,723 


864 
302 
177 
162 
165 
343 
55) 
156 


957 


296 
85 
64 
44 
46 
85 
103 
234 


185 
54 
36 
24 
34 
51 
64 

159 


111 
31 
28 
20 
12 
34 
39 
75 


142 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  18,— INSANE  ENUMERATED    IN  HOSPITALS  ON   JANUARY  1,   1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,   NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


ISSAKE  EXT7MEEATED  Df  HOSPITALS  ON  JANtT.CET 

1, 1910. 

DWiaON,  BACE,  NATIVm-,  ANB  PAEENTAGE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

UNITED  STATES. 
AeereEate. .            

98,095 

62,663 

26,047 

5,405 

1,040 

.3,  .-20 

89,095 

37,115 

35,975 

12,672 

1,.308 

1,966 

White                

91,(17 
G0,C44 
35,238 
15,415 

9,991 
28,415 

2,558 

7,078 

6,530 

90 

452 

.5.<*,399 
41,212 
22,840 
11,527 

6,813 
16,090 

1,091 

4,284 

3,929 

61 

294 

24,137 
14,575 
9,296 
3,071 
2,208 
9,203 
319 

1,890 

1,810 

14 

60 

5,020 

3,043 

2,124 

3M 

355 

1,911 

72 

379 

361 

7 

11 

1,005 
740 
513 
129 
9S 
258 
7 

35 
33 
o 

3,030 
1,074 
465 
124 
485 
887 
1,069 

490 

403 

0 

81 

82,607 
54,738 
32,293 
12,771 

9,094 
25,C81 

2,168 

0,489 

0,374 

76 

39 

34,904 

25,7r4 
14,30f. 
7,140 
4,318 
8,471 
669 

2,211 

2,108 

26 

17 

33,086 

20,639 

12,457 

4,263 

3,919 

11,886 

561 

2,889 

2,844 

30 

15 

11,634 
6,740 
4,501 
1,135 
1,044 
4,081 
213 

1,038 

1,020 

15 

3 

1,327 
1,018 
640 
186 
192 
288 
21 

41 
37 
2 
2 

1,656 

597 

329 

47 

221 

3.55 

704 

Colored                                       

310 

305 

3 

Other  colored 

2 

New  England. 

9,647 

6,148 

2,058 

619 

117 

1C5 

9,933 

4,787 

3,499 

1,434 

158 

55 

White       

9,472 
6,446 
3,521 
2,373 

552 
2,911 

115 

175 

159 

3 

13 

25,787 

6,039 
4,550 
2,244 
1,879 
427 
1,423 
66 

109 
97 
2 
10 

16,382 

2,011 

1,442 

935 

403 

102 

1,158 

11 

47 

43 

1 

3 

7,262 

604 

336 

259 

62 

15 

203 

5 

15 
15 

117 
88 
69 
15 
4 
29 

101 
30 
14 
12 
4 
38 
33 

4 
4 

9,771 
5,940 
3,594 
1,891 

435 
3,728 

103 

162 

1.55 

3 

4 

26,393 

4,720 
3,202 
1,813 
1,210 
239 
1,402 
56 

67 
64 
3 

3,432 

1,832 

1,156 

517 

159 

1,580 

20 

67 
64 

1,407 
714 
535 
136 
43 
684 
9 

27 
26 

158 
123 
86 
26 
U 
35 

54 

9 

4 

2 

3 

Foreign  bom     

27 

18 

Colored                              

1 

1 

3 

10,129 

1 

4,015 

Aeereeate..          

1,439 

121 

503 

11,997 

211 

2a 

White             

24,9f4 
13,487 
7,533 
5,629 
2,325 
9,065 
412 

823 

782 

6 

33 

22, 118 

15,853 
10,782 
4,970 
4,132 
1,680 
4,859 
212 

529 

498 

4 

27 

13,257 

7,030 
3,694 
2,002 
1,213 
479 
3,280 
56 

232 
226 

1 
5 

6,191 

1,428 
758 
459 
235 

64 
659 

11 

31 
29 

1 
1 

1,190 

120 
92 
61 
21 
10 
28 

533 
IGl 
41 
28 
92 
239 
133 

30 
28 

25,847 
14,703 
7,491 
5,197 
2,015 
10,807 
337 

746 

738 

4 

4 

19,128 

11,687 
7,589 
3,558 
2,974 
1,057 
.3,971 
127 

310 

307 

1 

2 

7,173 

9,820 
5,096 
2,690 
1,674 
732 
4,647 
77 

309 

306 

1 

2 

8,167 

3,907 

1,799 

1,119 

497 

183 

2,966 

42 

108 

106 

2 

210 
100 
102 
43 
15 
49 
1 

1 
1 

223 

Native 

59 

22 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

9 

28 

Foreign  bom            

74 

90 

1 
1 

18 

Negro 

18 

2 
1,100 

374 

2,517 

459 

812 

White  

21,;31 
13, 720 
7,041 
3,7CC 
2,913 
f.,750 
1,0C1 

587 

570 

8 

9 

12,CS9 

12.90(i 
9,026 
4,355 
2,777 
1,894 
3,498 
382 

351 

341 

5 

5 

8,228 

6,o:i 

3,451 

1,940 

768 

737 

2,456 

144 

140 
138 

1 

1 

3,109 

1,1=7 
055 
419 
122 
114 
468 
34 

39 

37 
1 

1 

610 

302 
209 
168 
52 
49 
89 
4 

12 
11 

1 

1.05 
319 
!.« 
47 
119 
239 
497 

45 
43 

'       18,710 
12,272 
6,444 
2,946 
2,882 
5,401 
1,043 

412 

400 

12 

7,050 
5,321 
2,636 
1,497 
1,188 
1,493 
236 

123 

117 

6 

7,977 
4,974 
2,666 
1,116 
1,192 
2,738 
265 

190 

183 

S 

2,452 
1,431 
842 
247 
342 
925 
96 

65 
65 

446 

332 

190 

M 

78 

104 

10 

13 
13 

791 

Native. . 

214 

Native  parentage 

110 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage    .... 

22 

82 

Foreign  bom 

141 

436 

21 

Negro. 

20 

Indian            . 

1 

2 

402 

Aggregate 

220 

1 

10,024 

3,902 

4,477 

1,247 

236 

162 

White 

12,270 
7,784 
4,238 
2,041 
1,505 
4,125 
361 

389 

346 

38 

5 

8,021 
5,3r5 
2,792 
1,548 
1,025 
2,409 
157 

207 
179 
24 

4 

3,075 

1,779 

1,073 

397 

309 

l,2f3 

33 

94 

87 

6 

1 

615 

370 

247 

62 

67 

230 

9 

25 

22 

3 

214 
131 
102 
24 
25 
61 
2 

6 
5 
1 

345 
113 
24 
10 
79 
72 
160 

57 
53 

4 

9,702 
6,520 
3,326 
1,672 
1,522 
3,008 
234 

2G2 

233 

28 

I 

3,823 

2,925 

1        1,329 

i           946 

!           650 

822 

76 

79 

70 

» 

4,373 

2,659 

1,465 

573 

621 

1,651 

63 

104 
92 
11 

1 

1,193 
708 
407 
119 
182 
461 
24 

54 

47 

7 

231 
178 
111 
33 
34 
49 
4 

5 
6 

142 

Native.. 

50 

Native  parentage 

14 

Fnrplpn  nr  miTprl  parpTitflg** 

1 

35 

Foreign  born.. 

25 

67 

Colored 

20 

Nepro 

19 

Indian 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


143 


Table  18.— INSANE  ENUMERATED   IN   HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,   1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,   NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS— Continued. 


INSiNE  ENTJMEBATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUABT  1,  1910. 

DIVISION,    RACE,   NATIVITT,    AND    PARENTAGE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

voreed. 

Un- 
known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

South  Atlantic. 
A  ffereeate     

10,372 

6,762 

2,581 

599 

50 

380 

9,580 

4,376 

3,608 

1,340 

69 

187 

"Winte                 

7,745 

6,531 

5,205 

561 

765 

1,001 

213 

2,627 

2,617 

2 

8 

4,939 

5,135 
4,349 
3,480 
430 
439 
693 
93 

1,627 
1,622 

1,841 

1,622 

1,302 

85 

235 

182 

37 

740 
737 

451 

365 

306 

33 

26 

81 

5 

148 
148 

48 
43 
37 
3 
3 
5 

270 
152 
80 
10 
62 
40 
78 

110 

108 

2 

6,889 

6,273 

4,755 

321 

1,197 

474 

142 

2,691 
2,691 

3,415 

3,176 

2,454 

196 

526 

175 

64 

961 
961 

2,410 

2,181 

1,582 

83 

516 

183 

46 

1,198 
1,198 

914 

806 

646 

36 

124 

98 

10 

426 
426 

65 
60 
38 
6 
16 

I 

4 

4 

85 

Native 

SO 

35 

15 

15 

20 

2 
2 

102 

102 

5 
3,022 

3 

1,389 

East  South  Central. 

264 

21 

243 

4,820 

1,874 

1,915 

729 

42 

260 

White  

3,709 

3,525 

3,295 

149 

81 

169 

15 

1,230 
1,229 

2,336 

2,229 

2.069 

103 

57 

100 

7 

686 
686 

1,044 

■       994 

937 

38 

19 

50 

199 

188 

179 

5 

4 

11 

13 

12 
11 

1 

117 

102 

99 

2 

1 
7 
8 

126 
126 

3,511 
3,372 
3,162 
142 
68 
113 
26 

1,309 
1,308 

1,502 

1,465 

1,347 

82 

36 

35 

2 

372 
371 

1,338 

1,288 

1,218 

43 

27 

45 

5 

577 
577 

487 

461 

446 

10 

5 

25 

1 

242 
242 

36 
36 
36 

148 

Native               

122 

115 

7 

1 

8 

18 

345 
344 

65 
65 

8 

8 

6 
6 

112 

Negro             

112 

1 
4,337 

1 
1,219 

1 
4,078 

1 
1,410 

West  South  Central. 

2,706 

277 

17 

118 

1,898 

657 

45 

66 

White 

3,656 
2,996 
2,315 
198 
483 
439 
121 

781 

742 

17 

22 

2,308 

2,235 

1,917 

1,440 

125 

352 

252 

66 

471 

443 

15 

13 

1,576 

992 
829 
679 

49 
101 
144 

19 

227 

221 

2 

4 

442 

233 
200 
164 
18 
18 
29 
4 

44 
41 

12 
12 

10 

1 
I 

84 
38 
22 
5 
11 
14 
32 

34 
32 

3,260 
2,831 
2,229 
168 
434 
281 
148 

816 
789 
17 
10 

1,266 

1,135 
991 
742 
60 
189 
74 
70 

275 

265 

4 

6 

357 

1,496 
1,339 
1,079 
79 
181 
118 
39 

402 

389 

10 

3 

664 

557 
462 
380 
29 
53 
80 
15 

lOO 
98 
1 

1 

168 

35 
29 
26 

37 

Native     

10 

Nat  iv6  parentage 

2 

3 

5 
1 

10 
8 
2 

8 

4 

23 

5 

5 

29 

Necro 

29 

3 
97 

2 
165 

Mountain. 

28 

29 

48 

2,241 
1,159 
685 
130 
344 
993 
89 

67 

32 

7 

28 

6,528 

1,524 
806 
480 

95 
231 
677 

41 

52 

24 

5 

23 

4,602 

435 

234 

146 

23 

65 

193 

8 

5 

95 
55 
34 
7 
14 
40 

28 

20 

17 

2 

1 
8 

159 
44 
8 
3 
33 
75 
40 

6 
3 

1,228 
746 
502 

62 
182 
429 

53 

38 

25 

8 

5 

3,676 

350 

235 

147 

26 

62 

103 

12 

7 
3 
1 
3 

1,239 

641 

389 

268 

29 

92 

230 

22 

23 
19 
3 
1 

1,618 

163 

81 
59 

6 

16 
76 

6 

5 
2 
3 

29 

23 

15 

1 

7 
5 

1 

45 

Native       

18 

13 

Parentage  unknown  .... 

5 

15 

f^at'vity  imlfTiowTi   .    . 

12 

Colored                          

2 

3 

1 

2 

1 

2 
1,136 

3 
444 

1 

Pacific. 
AsCTeeate ... 

254 

92 

565 

119 

135 

White 

6,129 
2,996 
1,405 

568 
1,023 
2,962 

171 

399 

59 

9 

331 

4,350 

2,188 

1,010 

438 

740 

2,095 

67 

252 

39 

207 

1,078 
530 
276 
93 
161 
537 
11 

58 
9 
3 

46 

244 
110 
57 
20 
33 
130 
4 

10 
4 

91 
53 
38 
10 

5 
37 

1 

1 
1 

366 
115 

24 
7 

84 
163 

88 

78 
6 

3,623 

2,101 

790 

372 

939 

1,440 

82 

S3 

35 

4 

14 

1,222 
800 
280 
149 
371 
396 
26 

17 
10 
2 
5 

1.599 
881 
333 
149 
399 
694 
24 

19 
14 

554 
278 
127 
55 
96 
266 
10 

11 
8 
2 

1 

117 
77 
36 
13 
28 
38 
2 

2 

131 

65 

Native  parentage 

14 

Forelpn  or  mixed  parentage            

6 

45 

Foreign  bom            

46 

Nativity  ii^knowTi , 

20 

Colored *. 

4 

Nepro.          

3 

Other  colored    

6 

72 

5 

2 

1 



144 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  19.— MALE   AND   FEMALE   INSANE  ADMITTED   TO  HOSPITALS   IN   1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,   NATIVITY, 

PARENTAGE,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


mSANE  ADMITTED  TO 

HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 

DIVISION,  RACE,  NATTVITr,  AND  PAEENTAGE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

UNITED  STATES. 
A  effreeate 

34,116 

16,501 

13,379 

2,588 

527 

1,121 

26,653 

8,907 

12,839 

3,949 

459 

499 

White              

31,646 
22,190 
13,792 
5,996 
2,402 
8,838 
618 

2,470 

2,304 

32 

134 

3,632 

15,So2 
11,215 
6,491 
3,624 
1,100 
3,940 
197 

1,149 

1,054 

13 

82 

1,788 

12,477 
8,541 
6,712 
1,954 

875 
3,769 

167 

902 

854 

14 

34 

1,418 

2,379 

1,571 

1,108 

266 

197 

787 

21 

209 

198 

3 

8 

317 

509 

412 

273 

90 

49 

93 

4 

IS 
18 

929 
451 
208 
62 
181 
249 
229 

192 

ISO 

2 

10 

48 

24,536 
17,439 
10,742 
4,089 
2,008 
6,6<<5 
412 

2,117 

2,080 

19 

IS 

3,354 

8,289 
6,452 
3,697 
2,101 

654 
1,725 

112 

618 
606 

4 
8 

1,326 

11,817 
8,201 
5,203 
2,034 

964 
3,462 

154 

1,022 

1,003 

12 

7 

1,417 

3,629 

2,241 

1,529 

446 

266 

1,334 

64 

320 

316 

2 

2 

516 

440 
342 
216 
73 
53 
94 
4 

19 

19 

361 

Nat  ive 

203 

97 

Foreion  or  mixed  parentage 

35 

71 

70 

88 

138 

Negro           

136 

I 

1 

New  England. 

61 

69 

36 

White            

3,566 

2,315 

1,337 

852 

126 

1,225 

26 

66 

53 

1,746 

1,217 

606 

542 

69 

617 

12 

42 
33 

1,398 
839 
546 
253 
40 
554 
5 

20 
18 

313 
184 
131 
39 
14 
128 
1 

4 

2 

61 
51 
44 
6 
1 
10 

48 
24 
10 
12 

2 
16 

8 

3,296 

2,M4 

1,272 

671 

111 

1,213 

29 

58 
49 

1,304 
933 
622 
361 
50 
360 
11 

22 
17 

1,402 
794 
611 
240 
43 
601 
7 

15 
12 

499 

202 

202 

49 

U 

232 

5 

17 
16 

57 
47 
29 
13 
5 
10 

34 

Native 

18 

8 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

8 

2 

10 

6 

2 
2 

2 

2 

13 

7,866 

9 
3,804 

2 

3,230 

2 

623 

9 
6,803 

5 
2,435 

3 
3,111 

1 
1,137 

Middle  Atlantic. 

65 

144 

70 

SO 

White         

7,621 
4,758 
2,606 
1,861 
291 
2,809 
54 

245 
227 

1 
17 

7,548 

3,674 
2,482 
1,245 
1,101 
136 
1,175 
17 

130 

120 

1 

9 

3,323 

3,142 

1,845 

1,089 

653 

103 

1,289 

8 

88 
81 

603 

323 

221 

82 

20 

278 

2 

20 
19 

63 
54 
38 
15 
1 
8 
1 

2 
2 

139 
54 
13 
10 
31 
59 
26 

5 
5 

6,588 
3,929 
2,102 
1,611 
216 
2,624 
35 

215 

212 

3 

2.364 

1,575 

802 

701 

72 

774 

15 

71 

70 

1 

3,004 

1,742 
923 
709 
110 

1,256 
6 

107 

105 

2 

1,105 
546 
330 
187 
28 
558 
2 

32 
32 

68 

47 
33 
10 
4 
21 

47 

20 

14 

4 

2 

15 

12 

2 
2 

3 

3 

7 
3,161 

1 
529 

A eereeate 

204 

331 

5,643 

1,717 

2,811 

798 

164 

153 

White             

7,347 
5,113 
2,889 
1,738 

486 
2,035 

199 

201 

186 

5 

10 

4,180 

3,2J7 

2,429 

1,243 

996 

190 

759 

49 

86 

82 

2 

2 

2,099 

3,076 

2,057 

1,272 

605 

180 

976 

43 

85 
80 

1 
4 

1,595 

519 

320 

220 

64 

36 

191 

8 

10 
8 

1 
1 

323 

202 
1P9 
100 
46 
23 
31 
2 

2 
2 

313 
138 
64 
27 
57 
78 
97 

18 
14 

1 
3 

89 

5,520 
4,090 
2,326 
1,339 

425 
1,330 

100 

123 

118 
4 

1 

3,279 

1,682 
1,415 
716 
566 
133 
251 
16 

35 

33 

1 

1 

1,132 

2,749 

1,967 

1,191 

603 

173 

758 

24 

62 
60 
2 

782 
506 
315 
122 

69 
262 

14 

16 
15 
1 

158 
121 
76 
35 
10 
36 
1 

6 
6 

149 

81 

2S 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage.., 

13 

40 

23 

45 

4 

Ne^o        

i 

West  North  Central. 

74 

1,587 

443 

73 

44 

White 

4,024 

2,828 

1,605 

8C2 

361 

1,026 

170 

156 
142 

7 

2,029 
1,493 
781 
548 
1G4 
480 
56 

TO 

64 

2 

4 

1,542 
1,050 
653 
255 
142 
422 
70 

S3 

48 

4 

1 

302 
204 
126 
44 
34 
90 
8 

21 
20 

72 
60 
33 
10 

7 
21 

1 

2 
2 

79 
31 
12 
5 
14 
13 
35 

10 
8 

1 
1 

3,156 
2,242 
1,221 
698 
323 
764 
150 

123 

118 
6 

1,092 
861 
429 
326 
106 
184 
47 

40 
40 

1,528 
1,032 
665 
311 
156 
420 
76 

59 
64 
6 

429 
274 
186 
49 
39 
136 
19 

14 
14 

72 
54 
32 

8 
14 
16 

2 

1 

1 

35 

Native                         

21 

9 

4 

8 

3 

Nativit  y  unlcno wn     

6 

Colored      

9 

9 

i 



GENERAL  TABLES. 


145 


Table    19.— MALE  AND  FEMALE    INSANE    ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN   1910,   CLASSIFIED    BY  RACE,   NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS— Continued. 


INSANE  ADSUTTED 

10  HOSPITALS  nj  1910. 

DIVISION,  RACE,  NATIVmr,  AND  PABENTAGE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Married. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
Iniown. 

South  Atlantic. 

3,730 

1,729 

1,519 

331 

21 

130 

2,995 

1,021 

1,410 

490 

17 

57 

White            

2,731 

2,478 

1,994 

126 

358 

227 

20 

999 
995 

1 
3 

2,069 

1,299 

1,183 

943 

79 

161 

107 

9 

430 
427 

1,114 

1,018 

817 

38 

163 

89 

7 

405 

404 

1 

229 

206 

175 

7 

24 

22 

1 

102 
102 

17 
16 
13 
1 

2 

1 

72 
55 
46 
1 
8 
8 
9 

68 
58 

2,089 
1,939 
1,477 
89 
373 
125 
25 

906 
905 

752 
709 
539 

45 
125 

37 
6 

269 
268 

%7 
906 
684 

33 
189 

52 
9 

443 
443 

335 

300 

235 

10 

55 

32 

3 

155 
155 

12 
11 
8 

1 
2 

23 

Native               

13 

11 

2 

4 

1 

6 
6 

6 

Colored             

4 
4 

34 

34 

3 

925 

1 
1,616 

1 
493 

East  South  Central. 

830 

165 

12 

137 

823 

205 

18 

77 

White  

1,599 

1,534 

1,326 

57 

151 

55 

10 

470 
468 

723 
690 
602 
31 
57 
28 
5 

202 
201 

678 
657 
573 
25 
59 
20 
1 

152 
152 

127 
122 
103 

1 
18 

5 

9 
9 
8 

62 
56 
40 

1,133 

1,103 

958 

27 

118 

30 

360 

354 

315 

11 

28 

6 

605 

689 

505 

13 

71 

16 

135 

128 
112 

1 
15 

7 

17 
16 

16 
1 

16 

16 

11 

1 

1 

16 
2 
4 

75 
75 

4 

1 

38 
37 

3 
3 

483 
482 

133 
133 

218 
218 

70 
69 

1 

1 

61 

Negro 

61 

2 
1,622 

1. 
808 

1 
89 

1 
1,346 

1 
153 

We3T  South  Central. 

664 

8 

53 

358 

786 

12 

37 

White      

1,430 
1,260 
1,084 
61 
125 
140 
30 

192 

179 

7 

6 

1,134 

702 
619 
518 
32 
69 
73 
10 

106 

99 

2 

5 

626 

603 
634 
472 
15 
47 
54 
15 

61 
55 

6 

1 

348 

81 
75 
66 
3 
6 
6 

8 
7 
6 

36 
25 
22 
1 
2 
6 
5 

17 
17 

1,179 
1,061 
894 
40 
127 
90 
28 

167 

164 

2 

1 

489 

318 

300 

236 

13 

51 
16 
2 

40 
39 

1 

689 
626 
554 
17 
65 
46 
17 

97 

95 

1 

1 

294 

144 

112 
88 

8 
16 
28 

4 

9 
9 

10 
10 

7 

IS 

Native 

13 

Native  parentage    

9 

2 

Pfirpntape  llnlfTinwn                

1 

1 

3 

2 

Foreign  born 

5 

Colored 

8 

8 

2 

2 

19 

19 

Aggregate 

74 

27 

59 

120 

43 

14 

18 

White 

1,106 

686 
392 
117 
177 
388 
33 

28 
16 
4 
8 

2,335 

610 

384 

225 

70 

89 

216 

10 

16 
7 
2 
7 

1,399 

341 

206 

119 

36 

51 

130 

5 

7 

I 

1 

614 

n 

63 
31 
8 
14 
18 

26 
20 
15 
3 
2 
6 

58 

23 

2 

471 
320 
176 
49 
95 
127 
24 

18 
13 
4 
1 

1,128 

117 
88 
48 
13 
27 
19 
10 

3 
2 
1 

286 

190 

107 

28 

55 

88 

8 

8 
6 
1 

1 

600 

40 
23 
14 
4 
5 
15 
2 

3 
2 
1 

14 
11 
3 
4 
4 
3 

14 

8 

4 

21 
18 
17 

1 

1 

4 

Foreign  bom 

2 

Nfttlv'ty  "nin?o\VTi 

4 

3 
2 
1 

1 
1 

4 

3 

Inoian 

1 

Other  colored 

Paofic. 

137 

55 

130 

305 

164 

32 

27 

White 

2,222 
1,218 
559 
332 
327 
933 
71 

113 

38 

7 

68 

1,332 
718 
328 
225 
165 
585 
29 

67 

21 

4 

42 

683 
335 
171 
74 
90 
235 
13 

31 
11 
2 

18 

134 
84 
35 
18 
31 
49 
1 

3 

51 
36 
16 
9 
11 
15 

122 
45 
9 
6 
30 
49 
28 

8 
2 

1,104 
701 
316 
165 
220 
382 
21 

24 
19 

1 
4 

300 
217 
90 
65 
62 
78 
5 

5 
4 

687 
355 
163 
80 
112 
225 
7 

13 
10 
1 
2 

160 
91 
47 
16 
28 
64 
6 

4 
4 

32 
25 
13 

1 
11 
7 

25 

13 

Native  parentage 

3 

3 

Paren  tage  uniinown 

7 

8 

4 

Colored 

4 
4 

2 

Negro 

1 

Inrlinn 

1 
2 

6 

1 

1 

27622°— 14- 


-10 


146 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  20.— INSANE  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ENUMERATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1, 


T= 

DIVISION  AND  CLASS. 

INSANE  AT  least  10  YEARS  OP  AGE  ENUMEEATED  IN  HOSHTALS  ON  JANUAET   1,   1910. 

Aggregate. 

WUte. 

Total. 

Native. 

Total. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

UNITED  STATES. 
Total : 

187,737 

98,663 

89,074 

174, 179 

91,593 

82,686 

115,358 

60,620 

54,738 

67,505 

35,225 

32,280 

? 

142,315 

35,959 

9,463 

75,642 
17,896 
6,125 

66,673 
18,063 
4,338 

137, 153 

28,081 

8,945 

72, 749 
14,028 
4,816 

64, 404 
14,053 
4,129 

94,896 
16,669 
3,793 

49,911 
8,667 
2,042 

44,985 
8,002 
1,751 

56,411 

10,331 

763 

29,497 

6,339 

389 

26,914 

4,992 

3(4 

t 

Illiterate 

4 

New  England. 
Total 

', 

19,577 

9,645 

9,932 

19,240 

9,470 

9,770 

12,383 

6,444 

5,939 

7,114 

3,521 

3,593 

A 

W,667 

3,682 

32S 

52,373 

7,769 

1,709 

167 

25,781 

7,898 

1,873 

161 

26,692 

15,443 

3,479 

318 

60,804 

7,653 

1,656 

161 

24,958 

7,790 

1,823 

157 

25,846 

10,602 

1,658 

123 

30,183 

5,429 

945 

70 

15,481 

5,173 
713 
53 

14,702 

6,168 
924 
32 

15,022 

2,986 

621 

14 

7,631 

3,172 

403 

18 

7,491 

7 

Illiterate...                 

8 

q 

Middle  Atlantic. 
Total 

Literate 

in 

40,339 
8,096 
3,938 

41,246 

20,009 
3,697 
2,175 

22,118 

20,330 
4,499 
1,763 

19, 128 

39,448 

7, 549 
3,807 

40,247 

19,533 
3,324 
2,101 

21,531 

19,915 
4,225 
1,706 

18,716 

26,171 
3,237 
1,775 

26,992 

12,829 

1,663 

999 

13,720 

12,342 

1,584 
776 

12,272 

13,292 

1,565 
175 

13,485 

6,636 
783 
112 

7,041 

6,656 
772 
63 

6,444 

11 

Illiterate  .                     .             .  . 

1"' 

11 

East  Noeth  Centkai.. 
Total 

Literate..        

1^ 

33, 109 
6,493 
1,644 

22,678 

17,948 

3,458 

712 

12,655 

15.161 

3,035 

932 

10,023 

32,631 
6,096 
1,620 

22,027 

17,606 

3,221 

704 

12,266 

14,925 

2,875 

916 

9,761 

22,041 

3,632 

319 

14,299 

11,692 

1,883 

14S 

7,780 

10,349 

1,749 

174 

6,619 

11,379 

2,044 

62 

7,563 

6,009 

1,006 

28 

4,237 

5,370 

1,038 

36 

3,326 

T) 

Illiterate. 

16 

Unknown 

17 

West  Noeth  Centeal. 
Total . . . 

Literate. 

IR 

17,963 
3,119 
1,596 

19,925 

9,972 
1,803 

880 

10,358 

7,991 

1,316 

716 

9,  .567 

17,678 
2,833 
1,516 

14,614 

9,796 
1,649 

821 

7,737 

7,882 

1,184 

695 

6,877 

11,733 
1,783 

783 

12,784 

6,337 

1,036 

407 

6,523 

5,396 

747 
376 

6,261 

6,478 
845 
240 

9,943 

3,622 
603 
112 

5,198 

2,856 
342 
128 

4,745 

14 

Illiterate 

?n 

Unknown. 

71 

South  -Atlantic. 
Total 

?? 

12,913 

6,459 

553 

9,756 

6,980 

3,043 

335 

4,937 

6,933 

3,416 

218 

4,819 

11,328 

2,831 

465 

7,218 

6,148 

1,293 

298 

3,708 

5,180 

1,538 

169 

3,510 

10,060 

2,456 

268 

6,895 

6,254 
1,111 

158 

3,524 

4,806 

1,345 

110 

3,371 

8,001 

1,891 

61 

6,455 

4,243 
922 
33 

3,294 

3,758 

969 

18 

3,161 

■"I 

Illiterate 

74 

7'i 

East  South  Centbal. 

76 

6,056 

3,396 

304 

8,408 

3,161 

1,630 

146 

4,336 

2,895 

1,766 

158 

4,072 

5,328 

1,683 

207 

6,812 

2,792 

828 

88 

3,566 

2,636 
855 
119 

3,256 

5,091 

1,632 

172 

6,824 

2,654 
796 
76 

2,996 

2,437 
837 
97 

2,828 

4,712 

1,683 

160 

4,643 

2,452 

773 
69 

2,315 

2,260 
810 
91 

2,228 

77 

Illiterate  .. 

7R 

70 

West  South  Centeal. 
Total 

10 

5,278 

3,025 

105 

3,570 

2,754 

1,527 

65 

2,305 

2,524 

1,498 

50 

1,265 

4,782 

1,938 

92 

3,463 

2,  .506 

1,005 

46 

2,238 

2,276 

933 

•17 

1,227 

4,239 

1,535 

50 

1,901 

2,167 

811 

18 

1,166 

2,072 
724 
32 

745 

3,399 

1,127 

17 

1,185 

1,707 
600 

8 

683 

1,692 

527 

9 

502 

11 

Illiterate  .  . 

17 

11 

Mountain. 
Total 

Literate 

14 

2,827 
617 
126 

10,204 

1,805 

407 
93 

6,628 

1,022 
210 
33 

3,676 

2,772 
575 

lis 

9,762 

1,762 

387 
89 

6,129 

1,010 

188 
29 

3,623 

1,548 

319 

34 

6,097 

937 
198 
21 

2,996 

511 
121 
13 

2,101 

983 

198 

4 

2,195 

569 
123 

1 

1,406 

424 
75 
3 

790 

1'> 

Illiterate  . . . 

16 

17 

PACinc. 
Total 

Literate 

1R 

8,163 

1,172 

869 

6,244 
722 
562 

2,919 
450 
307 

7,843 

1,097 

812 

4,953 
665 
511 

2,890 
432 
301 

4,411 
417 
269 

2,612 
235 
149 

1,799 
182 
120 

2,009 
164 
22 

1,283 
108 
14 

726 

56 

8 

19 

Illiterate 

40 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  LITERACY,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


147 


INSANE 

4.T  LEAST  10  TEABS  OF  AGE  ENUMEEATED  Df  HOSPITALS 

3N   JANUARY  1, 

1910— continued 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Other  colored. 

■  Native— Continued. 

Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  imknown. 

Foreitrn  or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parentage  unknown. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

54,096 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

28,176 

15,407 

12,769 

19,677 

9,988 

9,689 

28, 415 

25,681 

4,725 

2,558 

2,167 

12,902 

6,529 

6,373 

165 

89 

76 

491 

452 

39 

1 

24,863 

2,966 

347 

13,556 

1,648 

203 

11,307 

1,318 

144 

13,622 
3,372 
2,683 

6,858 
1,680 
1,450 

6,764 
1,692 
1,233 

40, 452 
10,224 
3,420 

21,817 
4,775 
1,823 

18,635 
5,449 
1,597 

1,805 
1,188 
1,732 

1,021 
686 
951 

784 
602 
781 

4,701 

7,687 

454 

2,  .534 

3,744 

251 

2,227 

3,943 

203 

56 

107 

2 

31 

68 

25 
49 
2 

345 
84 
62 

328 
66 
58 

17 
18 
4 

2 
3 
4 

4,262 

2,371 

1,891 

1,007 

SS2 

455 

6,639 

2,911 

3,728 

218 

115 

103 

314 

159 

155 

6 

3 

3 

17 

13 

4 

5 

3,721 

S19 

22 

10,822 

2,064 

292 

15 

5,626 

1,657 

227 

7 

5,196 

723 
215 
69 

4,339 

379 
132 
41 

2,324 

344 
83 

28 

2,015 

4,767 

1,716 

156 

19,872 

2,187 

656 

68 

9,065 

2,580 

1,060 

88 

10,807 

74 
105 
39 

749 

37 
65 
23 

412 

37 
50 
16 

337 

212 

93 

9 

1,520 

106 
47 

782 

106 
46 
3 

738 

3 
2 

1 

10 

1 
2 

6 

2 
...... 

4 

9 
8 

9 
4 

...... 

6 
7 

8 

39 

35 

4 

9 

9,611 

1,060 

151 

6,712 

4,9S3 

554 

89 

3,766 

4,628 
506 
62 

2,946 

2,268 

622 

1,449 

5,795 

1,210 
316 
798 

2,913 

1,058 
306 
651 

2,882 

14,072 
4,111 

1,689 

12, 151 

6,599 

1,577 

889 

6,750 

7,473 

2,534 

800 

5,401 

205 
201 
343 

2,104 

105 
94 
213 

1,061 

100 
107 
130 

1,043 

858 
538 
124 

970 

446 

268 

68 

570 

412 
270 
56 

400 

6 
3 
1 

20 

6 
8 

...... 

1 

12 

27 
6 
6 

9 

24 
5 
6 

9 

3 
1 

10 
11 
12 

13 

6,934 

708 

70 

3,710 

3,288 
440 
38 

2,039 

2,646 
268 
32 

1,671 

4,728 
880 
187 

3,026 

2,395 
437 
81 

1,504 

2,333 
443 
106 

1,522 

9,560 

2,070 

521 

7,133 

5,391 

1,118 

241 

4,125 

4,169 
952 
280 

3,008 

930 
394 
780 

595 

523 
220 
318 

361 

407 
174 
462 

234 

566 

380 

24 

579 

335 

227 

8 

346 

231 
153 
16 

233 

8 
12 

3 
5 

5 

7 

4 

5 

4 
5 

14 
15 
16 

66 

38 

28 

6 

5 

1 

17 

3,258 

378 

74 

881 

1,784 

208 

47 

660 

1,474 
170 

27 

321 

1,997 
560 
469 

1,960 

931 
325 
248 

765 

1,066 
235 
221 

1,195 

5,708 
928 
497 

1,475 

3,328 
542 

255 

1,001 

2,380 
386 
242 

474 

237 
122 
236 

355 

131 
71 
159 

213 

106 
51 

77 

142 

260 

240 

79 

5,301 

158 
129 

59 

2,611 

102 
111 
20 

2,690 

20 

46 

13 
25 

7 
21 

6 

5   

18 
19 

1 
8 

8 

1 

?fl 

2 

2 

21 

767 

113 

1 

291 

499 
60 

1 

149 

268 
53 

142 

1,292 
452 
216 

149 

612 
129 
124 

81 

780 
323 
92 

68 

1,172 
270 
33 

282 

827 
151 
23 

169 

345 
119 
10 

113 

96 
105 
154 

41 

67 
31 
115 

15 

29 
74 
39 

26 

1,579 

3,625 

97 

2,536 

826 

1,747 

38 

1,228 

753 

1,878 

59 

1,308 

6 
1 

1 

2 

6 
1 

1 

1 

1 

22 

2 

2 

23 
24 

25 

261 

26 

4 

366 

136 

12 

1 

198 

125 
14 
3 

168 

lis 

23 

8 

915 

66 
10 
5 

4S>3 

52 
13 
3 

432 

230 
41 
11 

720 

135 
29 
6 

439 

95 
12 

6 

281 

7 
10 

24 

268 

3 

4 

8 

121 

4 
6 
16 

147 

727 

1,712 

97 

1,531 

368 
802 

58 

742 

359 
910 

39 

789 

1 

1 

1 

...... 

K 

?7 

28 

33 

16 

17 

32 

22 

10 

29 

299 
61 
6 

192 

166 
32 

130 

133 

29 

6 

62 

641 

347 

27 

524 

294 
179 
10 

343 

247 
168 
17 

181 

473 

233 

14 

1,422 

295 

139 

5 

993 

178 
94 
9 

429 

70 
170 
28 

142 

44 
55 
22 

89 

26 

115 

6 

S3 

471 

1,048 

12 

57 

236 

497 

9 

32 

235 

551 

3 

25 

15 

18 

S 

11 

10 

7 

10 
21 

33 

7 
14 

1 

28 

3 
7 

5 

30 
31 
3? 

15 

7 

8 

33 

152 

36 

4 

940 

105 
22 
3 

568 

47 
14 

1 

372 

413 

85 
26 

1,962 

1,542 
188 
232 

273 
53 
17 

1,023 

140 

32 

9 

939 

1,143 

218 
61 

4,402 

781 
163 
49 

2,962 

362 
55 
12 

1,440 

81 
38 
23 

253 

44 
26 
19 

171 

37 
12 
4 

82 

35 
20 
2 

94 

25 
7 

59 

10 
13 
2 

35 

ll 

...... 

7 

19 
8 
6 

345 

18 
6 
4 

331 

1 

2 
2 

14 

34 
35 

36 

13 

9 

4 

37 

860 
65 
IS 

631 
28 
9 

329 

37 

6 

798 
99 
126 

744 
89 
106 

3,327 
637 
438 

2,274 
400 
288 

1,053 
237 
150 

105 
43 
105 

67 
30 
74 

38 
13 

31 

53 
31 
10 

34 

20 

5 

19 
11 
6 

3 
10 

3 
6 

'■"■4 

264 
34 
47 

254 
31 
46 

10 
3 

1 

38 
39 
40 

148 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Tablb  21.— insane  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED 


DIVISION  AND  CLASS. 

mSANE  AT  LEAST  10  TRAH.S  OP  AGE  ABIHTTED 

TO  HOSPTTALS  IN  1910. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

Total. 

Native. 

Totol. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

UNITKD  STATES. 
TotaL 

60,711 

34,082 

26,629 

56,128 

31,615 

24,513 

39,576 

22,160 

17,416 

24,497 

13,771 

10,726 

Literate 

7. 

51,181 
6,901 
2,629 

28,827 
3,702 
1,553 

22,354 
3,199 
1,076 

49,018 
4,861 
2,249 

27,674 
2,599 
1,342 

21,344 

2,262 

907 

35,649 
2,721 
1,208 

19,932 

1,529 

699 

15,717 

1,192 

507 

22,226 

1,822 

449 

12,473 

1,030 

263 

9,753 

792 
ISl 

3 

Illiterate 

4 

Net  England. 
Total 

f, 

6,986 

3,632 

3,354 

6,862 

3,566 

3,296 

4,369 

2,315 

2,054 

2,609 

1,337 

1,272 

Literate 

6 

6,106 
66S 
212 

14,658 

3,217 
299 
116 

7,860 

2,889 
369 
96 

6,793 

6,019 
642 
201 

14,198 

3,165 
290 
111 

7,615 

2,854 

352 

90 

6,583 

4,051 
258 
60 

8,677 

2,146 
134 
35 

4,753 

1,905 
124 
25 

3,924 

2,421 
149 
39 

4,704 

1,234 

82 
21 

2,604 

1,187 
67 
18 

2,100 

7 

Illiterate 

8 

<) 

Middle  Atlantic, 
Tot^^l 

10 

12,855 

1,172 

631 

13,187 

7,003 
514 
343 

7,546 

5,852 
658 
288 

5,641 

12,496 

1,096 

606 

12,863 

6,808 
478 
329 

7,345 

5,638 
618 

277 

5,518 

8,053 
340 

234 

9,199 

4,412 
186 
155 

5,111 

3,641 

154 
129 

4,038 

.4,384 
187 
133 

5,212 

2,436 
92 
76 

2,883 

1,948 
95 
67 

2,324 

11 

Illiterate 

1? 

UuknowD 

n 

East  North  Centeal. 
TotaL 

Literate 

14 

11,688 

1,071 

428 

7,448 

6,663 
621 

262 

4,173 

5,025 
450 
166 

3,275 

11,488 
962 
413 

7,169 

6,540 
549 
256 

4,017 

4,948 
413 
157 

3,152 

8,479 
544 
176 

5,059 

4,704 
313 
94 

2,821 

3,775 
231 
82 

2,238 

4,876 
292 
44 

2,819 

2,695 
169 
24 

1,601 

2,181 
123 
20 

1,218 

\', 

Illiterate  

ifi 

17 

West  Noeth  Central. 
TotaL 

Literate 

IH 

6,646 
619 
183 

6,711 

3,712 
340 
121 

3,723 

2,934 

279 

62 

2,988 

6,505 
499 
165 

4,809 

3,634 

273 
110 

2,726 

2,871 
226 
55 

2,083 

4,679 
309 

71 

4,406 

2,618 
162 
41 

2,473 

2,061 
147 
30 

1,933 

2,630 
166 
23 

3,461 

1,502 
88 
11 

1,989 

1,128 
78 
12 

1,472 

1<I 

Illiterate  

•?n 

Unknown 

n 

SotTTH  Atlantic 
Total 

Literate 

f> 

5,032 

1,502 

177 

3,680 

2,801 

831 

91 

2,065 

2,231 

en 

86 
1,615 

4,198 
487 
124 

2,728 

2,383 

280 

63 

1,596 

1,815 

207 

61 

1,132 

3,872 
442 
92 

2,633 

2,109 

260 

44 

1,531 

1,703 
182 
48 

1,102 

3,057 

359 

45 

2,280 

1,744 

215 
30 

1,323 

1,313 
144 
15 

957 

?3 

'■J 

Unknown 

?s 

East  South  Central. 
TotaL  .  .. 

Literate 

?5 

2,480 
917 
283 

2,958 

1,435 
469 
161 

1,617 

1,045 

443 
122 

1,341 

2,158 

475 

95 

2,599 

1,284 

250 

62 

1,425 

874 
225 
33 

1,174 

2,084 
404 
85 

2,311 

1,233 

245 

63 

1,255 

851 
219 
32 

1,056 

1,839 

400 

41 

1,970 

1,082 
214 
27 

1,079 

757 

186 

14 

891 

?7 

?8 

UnlcTirtwri 

M 

West  South  Central. 
Total 

Literate 

an 

2,381 
449 
128 

1,620 

1,273 

250 

94 

1,131 

1,108 
199 
34 

489 

2,255 
255 
89 

1,574 

1,214 
148 
63 

1,103 

1,041 
107 
26 

471 

2,030 

209 

72 

1,003 

1,079 
118 
58 

683 

951 
91 
14 

320 

1,778 
175 
17 

667 

966 

100 

13 

391 

812 
75 

4 

176 

31 

Illiterate 

3i? 

33 

Mountain. 
Total 

34 

1,279 
209 
132 

3,463 

920 
158 
53 

2,335 

359 
61 
79 

1,128 

1,255 
196 
123 

3.326 

902 
150 
51 

2,222 

353 
46 
72 

1,104 

855 
94 
54 

1,919 

693 
69 
21 

1,218 

262 
25 
33 

701 

494 

67 

6 

875 

339 

50 
2 

659 

155 
17 

4 

316 

3'i 

Illiterate  

35 

Unknown. 

37 

Paopic. 
Total 

3^ 

2,714 
294 
455 

1,803 
220 
312 

911 
74 
143 

2,644 
249 
433 

1,744 
181 
297 

900 
68 
136 

1,546 

61 

312 

978 
42 
198 

568 

19 

114 

747 
27 
101 

475 
20 
64 

272 

7 

37 

3<t 

Illiterate 

4(1 

llnlfnowTi.         ,  , 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  LITERACY,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


149 


Dia4NE  AT  LEAST  10  YZAB3  OF  AOE  ADMITTED  TO    HOSPITAL3  IN  1910— Continued. 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

Indian., 

Otber  colored. 

NatiT»— Continued. 

Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parentage  unknown. 

Total. 

Hale. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

10,678 

5,992 

4,686 

4,401 

2,397 

2,004 

15,522 

8,837 

6,685 

1,030 

618 

412 

4,380 

2,301 

2,079 

51 

32 

19 

152 

134 

18 

1 

9,908 
S06 
264 

5,550 
291 
151 

4,358 
215 
113 

3,515 
393 
493 

1,909 
208 
280 

1,606 
185 
213 

12,820 

1,992 

710 

7,433 
979 
425 

6,387 

1,013 

285 

549 
148 
333 

309 

91 

218 

240 

57 

115 

2,058 

1,959 

363 

1,068 

1,037 

196 

990 
922 
167 

23 
27 
1 

13 
19 

10 
8 
1 

82 
54 
16 

72 
47 
15 

10 

7 

1 

2 
3 

4 

1,523 

852 

671 

237 

126 

111 

2,438 

1,225 

1,213 

55 

26 

29 

102 

53 

49 

22 

13 

9 

S 

1,424 
So 
14 

3,468 

803 

41 

8 

1,859 

621 

44 

6 

1,609 

206 

24 

7 

505 

109 
11 
6 

290 

97 
13 

1 

215 

1,945 
376 
117 

5,432 

1,011 
153 

61 

2,808 

934 
223 
56 

2,624 

23 

8 

24 

89 

8 
3 
15 

54 

15 
5 
9 

35 

70 

23 

9 

439 

42 
8 
3 

227 

28 
15 
6 

212 

17 
3 
2 

17 

10 

1 
2 

17 

7 
2 

6 

7 

8 

4 

1 

3 

9 

3,250 

121 

97 

3,076 

1,705 
75 
49 

1,737 

1,515 
46 
48 

1,339 

419 
32 
54 

911 

241 
19 
30 

486 

178 
13 
24 

425 

4,406 
739 
287 

3,365 

2,376 
280 
152 

2,035 

2,030 
459 
135 

1,330 

37 
17 
35 

299 

20 
12 
22 

199 

17 

5 

13 

100 

340 
75 
24 

304 

179 
35 
13 

186 

161 
40 
11 

118 

4 

1 

3 

15 

1 
1 

11 

15 
1 

1 

10 

1 

10 

n 

1? 

9 

5 

4 

13 

2,870 
176 
30 

1,558 

1,617 
105 
15 

861 

1,253 
71 
15 

697 

733 

76 

102 

682 

392 
39 

55 

359 

341 
37 

47 

323 

2,874 
376 
115 

1,790 

1,746 

206 

83 

1,026 

1,128 
170 
32 

764 

135 
42 
122 

320 

90 
30 
79 

170 

45 
12 
43 

150 

192 

100 

12 

260 

116 
67 
3 

142 

76 

33 

9 

118 

3 

6 

2 
3 

1 
3 

5 
3 
3 

7 

5 
2 
3 

7 

...... 

14 

15 
15 

12 

7 

5 

17 

1,463 
83 
12 

215 

810 

42 
9 

126 

653 

41 
3 

89 

586 
60 
36 

730 

306 
32 
21 

358 

280 
28 
15 

372 

1,606 
138 
46 

352 

917 
79 
30 

227 

689 
59 
16 

125 

220 
52 
48 

51 

99 
32 
39 

26 

121 
20 
9 

25 

133 

no 

17 
1,897 

74 
58 
10 

993 

59 
52 

7 

904 

4 

8 

...... 

4 

1 

4 

2 
1 

4 

4 
2 

1 

3 

1 

18 
19 

?n 

1 

1 

21 

208 
6 
1 

84 

122 
3 
1 

57 

86 
3 

27 

607 
77 
46 

269 

303 
42 

13 

151 

304 
35 
33 

118 

297 
41 
14 

85 

200 
18 
9 

55 

97 
23 
5 

30 

29 
4 
18 

10 

14 
2 
10 

10 

15 
2 
8 

831 

1,013 

53 

949 

416 
549 
28 

467 

415 

464 

25 

482 

3 

1 

2 

1 

1 


9? 

1 

1 



23 
?4 

3 

2 

1 

W 

80 

4 

55 
2 

25 
2 

165 
60 
44 

250 

96          69 
29          31 
26           IS 

70 
10 
5 

230 

47 

4 
4 

140 

23 
6 
I 

90 

4 

1 
5 

58 

4 

1 
5 

30 

28 

321 
440 
188 

343 

151 
217 
99 

179 

170 

223 

89 

164 

1 

2 

...... 

1 

2fi 

?7 

?S 

91 

61 

40 

125 

125 

9 

7 

2 

7 

6 

1 

29 

77 
10 

4 

160 

39 
9 
3 

117 

38 
1 

1 

49 

175 
24 
51 

270 

74 

9 

42 

101 
15 

0 

187 

34 

9 

515 

111 
25 
4 

388 

76 
9 
5 

127 

38 
12 
8 

56 

24 

5 

1 

32 

14 
7 

7 

24 

119 
185 
39 

29 

54 
94 
31 

16 

65 
91 
8 

13 

5 
4 

4 
3 

1 
1 

2 
5 

1 
5 

1 

30 
31 
3? 

175            95 

8 

4 

4 

9 

8 

1 

33 

158 
7 
1 

497 

113 
3 
1 

332 

45 
4 

165 

203 
20 
47 

547 

141 
16 
18 

327 

62 

4 
29 

220 

378 
93 
44 

1,315 

293 
76 
19 

933 

85 
382 

22 
9 
25 

92 

16 
5 
11 

71 

6 
4 

14 

21 

16 
5 
8 

57 

10 
4 
2 

38 

6 
1 
6 

19 

2 
5 

1 

8 

2 
2 

7 

1 
1 

6 
3 

6 
2 

...... 

34 
35 

36 

72 

68 

4 

37 

378 
H 
105 

256 
11 
65 

122 

3 

40 

421 

20 
106 

247 

11 
69 

174 

9 

37 

1,057 

185 

73 

732 
138 
63 

325 
47 
10 

41 
3 

48 

34 

1 
36 

7 

2 

12 

36 

8 

13 

26 
5 

7 

10 
3 
6 

6 
3 

4 
3 

1 


29 
34 
9 

29 

31 

8 

""'3' 

1 

38 
39 

40 

150 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  22.— MALE  INSANE  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910  WHOSE  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION  WAS  REPORTED,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


MALE  mSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHOSE 

OCCUPATION  PBIOB 

TO  ADMISSION  IS  KNOWN. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

Colored. 

oocopation: 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 

or 
mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
Imown. 

other 
col- 
ored. 

All  occupations 

29,428 

27,347 

18,982 

11,779 

5,331 

1,872 

8,093 

267 

2,081 

1,940 

22 

119 

AGEICULTUBE,  FOEESTET,  AND  ANIMAL  HUS- 
BANDRY  

7,335 

6,733 

5,483 

3,884 

953 

646 

1,183 

67 

602 

582 

9 

11 

Farmers  planters  and  dairy  fanners 

5,406 
136 
1,399 
126 
182 
73 
13 

678 

5,084 
127 
1,140 
125 
177 
68 
12 

662 

4,313 
57 
901 
81 
79 
44 
8 

310 

3,106 
30 
607 
53 
48 
33 
7 

176 

646 
19 
245 
13 
20 
9 
1 

83 

561 
8 
49 
15 
11 
2 

718 
68 

236 

39 

94 

24 

4 

346 

53 
2 
3 
5 
4 

6 

322 

9 

259 

1 

I 

1 

16 

311 

5 

267 

7 

i' 

4 

Gardeners,  florists,  fruit  growers,  and  nurserymen  — 

4 
1 

3 
5 
1 

IS 

1 

1 

All  others  in  this  class 

Extraction  of  Men'ebals      

51 

1 

563 
115 

7,048 

649 
113 

6,912 

•   246 
64 

4,343 

140 
36 

2,384 

59 
24 

1,595 

47 
4 

364 

297 
49 

2,523 

6 

46 

14 
2 

136 

13 

2 

125 

1 

Manufactdkdjo  and  Mechanical  Pdbsuits. 

1 

10 

2,397 

2,345 

1,638 

971 

601 

166 

692 

15 

52 

51 

260 
103 
765 
245 
173 
618 
65 
268 

143 

255 
100 
750 
236 
171 
609 
61 
263 

142 

164 
74 
509 
138 
137 
383 
43 
190 

91 

97 
47 

315 
76 
63 

234 
28 

111 

45 

49 
20 

137 
51 
61 

111 
9 
63 

39 

18 
7 
57 
H 
13 
38 
6 
16 

7 

89 
26 

236 
97 
31 

123 
18 
72 

60 

2 

s' 

1 
3 
3 

i' 

1 

5 
3 
15 
9 
2 
9 
4 
5 

1 

4 
3 
15 
9 
2 
9 
4 
5 

1 

1 

Buiidera  and  building  contractors 

Masons  ( briclc  and  stone) 

1 

1 

Painters,  glaziers,  and  varnisliers 

1 

::::"  ""I 

1 

1 

fil(V*i«wnrtors 

55 

88 

427 

55 

87 

416 

39 
52 

128 

IS 
27 

62 

15 
24 

58 

6 

1 

8 

16 
34 

286 

1 

1 
2 

1 
11 

1 
9 

::::::::i:::::::: 

Clothing          

I      2 

Clothing  makers     

347 
80 

419 

336 
80 

410 

79 
49 

215 

36 
26 

102 

37 
21 

91 

6 
2 

22 

255 
31 

192 

2 

11 

9 

2 

Vnnd  anrt  TdnrtrfiH  prnHnPt« 

3 

9 

7 

2 



160 
176 
83 

630 

167 
172 
81 

622 

61 
100 

54 

386 

32 
46 
24 

179 

23 
42 
26 

181 

6 
12 
4 

26 

96 
69 
27 

232 

3' 

4 

3 
4 
2 

S 

3 

4 

2 

Metal  producta 

S 

1 

Iron  and  steel  workers 

308 
322 

461 

301 
321 

455 

189 
197 

238 

81 
98 

124 

96 
85 

96 

12 
14 

18 

110 
122 

213 

2 
2 

7 
1 

6 

7 
1 

6 

1 

1 

: 

Boot  and  shoe  factory  operatives 

30S 
56 
97 

26 
169 

304 
66 
95 

26 
164 

159 
35 
44 

9 
85 

87 
16 
21 

3 
37 

61 
16 
19 

6 
44 

U 
3 

4 

1 
4 

141 
21 
51 

17 

78 

* 

4 

4 



2 

2 

Liquor  and  beverages 

T,vmT>«M-  ?|tii  itn  rernannfartnre 

1 

5 

5 

Furniture  and  cabinetworkers 

112 
57 

273 

112 
62 

271 

61 
34 

209 

IS 
19 

122 

32 
12 

74 

1 
3 

13 

60 
18 

58 

1 
4 

5 
2 

S 

2 

Printing  and  bookbinding 

1 

Printers,  lithographers,  and  pressmen. . .  . 

247 
26 

275 

IDS 

245 
26 

274 

106 

189 
20 

125 

60 

112 
10 

60 

29 

64 
10 

52 

27 

13 

52 
6 

148 

44 

4 

2 

2 

All  others  in  this  class 

Textile  mill  and  factory  operatives 

13 

4 

1 
2 

1 
2 

1 
1 

Tobacco  and  cigar  factory  operatives 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


151 


Table  22.— MALE  INSANE  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910  WHOSE  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION  WAS  REPORTED  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE— Continued. 


MALE  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHOSE 

OCCUPATION  PKIOK  TO  ADMISSION  IS 

KNOWN. 

.Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

Colored. 

OCCUPATION. 

1 

) 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 

or 
mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

other 
col- 
ored. 

Manufacturing   and    Mechanical    Pub- 
s  uiTS— Con  tinued . 
Manufacturing  and  mechanical  pursuits  common  to 

1,352 

1,317 

934 

537 

329 

68 

375 

8 

35 

31 

1 

3 

133 

315 

"2 

51 
511 
199 

70 
1 

368 

1,589 

133 

308 

72 

51 
506 
176 

70 
1 

364 

1,512 

114 
202 
57 

41 
350 
113 

56 

1 

225 
1,093 

7S 
118 
35 

27 
183 
60 
35 

1 

113 

640 

2S 
68 
20 

12 

141 

45 

15 

8 
16 
2 

2 

26 

8 

6 

19 
103 
14 

8 
155 
62 
14 

3 

1 

2 
1 

1 

7 

6 



1 

HlHT'faCtiirfirsftnfl  nflfiri^ilfl. 

Factory  overseers,  foremen,  managers,  and  su- 
perintendents   

5 
23 

3 
22 

i' 

2 

All  others  in  this  class 

98 
348 

14 

99 

138 
411 

1 
8 

4 

77 

3 
73 

1 

1 

3 

222 

213 

97 

65 

25 

7 

116 

9 

7 

1 

1 

Sailors,  except  U.  S.  Navy,    boatmen,    deck 

>l^»I^(tflJ  and  ^ftTif^l  TTiAn ,  .     , 

160 
62 

513 

156 

57 

476 

76 
21 

350 

57 
8 

181 

14 
U 

132 

5 
2 

37 

80 
36 

125 



1 

4 
5 

37 

4 
3 

37 

1 

1 

Koad  street,  and  bridge  transportation 

Livery  stable  keepers,  managers,  carriage  and 
hack  drivers,  hostlers  and  stable  hands 

212 
279 
22 

643 

1S9 

265 

22 

614 

132 
199 
19 

453 

75 
94 
12 

2S5 

48 

78 

6 

129 

9 

27 
1 

39 

57 
65 
3 

155 

i 

23 
14 

23 
14 

All  others  in  this  class 

■Railv^iy  tra"!?po*"t>fttion . . , 

6 

29 
3 

27 



2 

106 
99 
87 
215 
136 

34 

177 

103 
99 
87 
190 
135 

34 

1 

175 

93 
86 
66 
93 
110 

31 

162 

65 
63 
34 
58 
68 

16 

99 

23 
IS 
27 
26 
35 

13 

49 

10 
8 
5 
9 

7 

2 
14 

3 
13 
21 
93 
25 

3 

12 

2 

3 

Steam  railroad  engineers  and  fixeraen 

Railroad  laborers 

4 

25 

1 

23 
1 

2 

1 

2 

2 

50 
84 
43 

2,568 

48 
84 
43 

2,530 

43 

79 
40 

1,949 

19 
62 
28 

1,240 

IS 
21 
10 

503 

6 
6 
2 

141 

5 
4 
3 

534 

i 

2 

2 

Taade 

47 

38 

28 

2 

8 

Banking,  brokerage,  and  money  lending,  capital- 
lists,  and  landlords.... 

120 

199 

947 
143 
302 
632 
320 

410 

119 

196 

936 
141 
302 
631 
305 

393 

99 

166 

696 
60 
241 
450 
237 

304 

72 

127 

453 
34 
139 
288 
127 

195 

22 
31 

182 
21 
90 

133 
89 

SO 

5 

8 

61 
6 
12 
29 
21 

23 

17 

25 

216 
SO 
59 
75 
62 

86 

3 

5 

24 
1 
2 
6 
0 

3 

1 

3 

11 
7 

1 
1 

Insurance  and  real  estate  officials,  managers,  su- 

2 
6 
5 

^/nolesale  and  retail  merchants,    dealers,  import- 
ers, and.  exporters 

S 

3 

1 
15 

17 

1 

15 
14 

PuBuc  Service 

} 

Officials  of  the  Army  and  Navy,  soldiers, sailors,  and 

191 
134 

Si 

1,271 

177 
131 
85 

1,225 

141' 

88 
75 

1,022 

104 
50 
41 

740 

23 
30 
27 

186 

14 
2 

7 

96 

35 

42 
9 

178 

1 
1 
1 

25 

14 
3 

11 
3 

3 

46 

44 

1 

1 

05 
79 
61 

72 
122 
198 
03 
67 
86 
253 
133 
72 

61 
79 
60 

71 
98 
197 
63 
67 
83 
249 
130 
67 

51 
55 
46 

66 
79 
182 
67 
61 
53 
212 
111 
49 

35 
44 
25 

41 
58 

120 
40 
47 
34 

169 
88 
33 

10 
8 
14 

16 
14 
35 
10 
8 
IS 
2« 
14 
13 

6 
3 

7 

9 
7 

21 
7 
6 
1 

17 
9 
3 

10 
22 
12 

5 
19 
12 
5 
6 
29 
24 
17 
17 



2 
2 

3 

1 

4 

4 

Architects,  designers,  draftsmen,  and  inventors 

1 

1 
24 

1 

1 

Authors,  editors,  reporters,  journalists,  and  other 

1 

24 

1 

I 

13 
2 

1 

3 
4 
3 
6 

3 
4 
3 
4 

All  others  to  tjiis  class 

i 

152 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  22.— MALE  INSANE  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910  WHOSE  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION  WAS  REPORTED  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE— Continued. 


MALE  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  ■WHOSE  OCCDPATION  PRIOK  TO  ADMISSION  13  KNOytrS. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White.                                                    j 

Colored. 

OCCUPATION. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 

or 
mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

Other 
col- 
ored. 

Domestic  and  Pebsonal  Service 

1,350 

1,093 

650 

338 

261 

51 

437 

6 

257 

211 

46 

220 
91 

258 

461 
73 

158 
89 

7,172 

186 

88 

254 

349 

53 
88 
70 

6,280 

118 
68 
171 
171 
32 
41 
49 

3,824 

74 
39 
75 
89 
14 
17 
30 

2,172 

30 
20 
87 
67 
18 
24 
15 

1,251 

14 
9 
9 

15 

68 
19 
78 
178 
26 
47 
21 

2,397 

i' 

5 
59 

34 
3 
4 
112 
15 
70 
19 

892 

34 
2 
4 
89 
15 
66 
1 

848 

Hotel,  restaurant,  cali,  and  luoch-room  keepers 

1 

8 

All  others  in  tliis  class 

4 
401 

18 

Occupations  Not  Pecouae  to  Ant  One 

36 

283 
716 

74 
6,068 

41 

7 

282 
709 

74 
5,174 

41 

7 

234 
598 

66 
2,901 

25 

i 

135 

354 

37 

1,628 

IS 

* 

73 
208 

21 

943 

6 

26 

36 

8 

330 

1 

46 

107 

8 

2,220 

16 

3 

2 
4 

S3" 

1 
884 

1 

6 

1 

842 

7 

35 

All  others  in  this  class.... 

Unclassiflable  and  all  other  occupations 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


153 


Table  23.— FEMALE  INSANE  10  YEARS  OF  AGE  AND  OVER  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910  WHOSE  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION  WAS  REPORTED,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  OCCUPATION 
PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


PEIIALE  INSANE  IN  HOSHTALS  WHOSE  OCCtJPATION  PEIOB  TO  ADMISSION  IS  KNOWN. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

Colored. 

OCCUPATION. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

Native 

parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or 

mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

Other 
col- 
ored. 

7,061 

6,035 

4,056 

2,210 

1,462 

384 

1,908 

71 

1,026 

1,015 

2 

9 

Agricultuee,  Fokestey,  anp  Animal  Hus- 
bandry   

227 

65 

58 

48 

5 

5 

7 

162 

162 

70 

148 

9 

2 

1,319 

38 
18 
9 

1 

1,293 

35 
16 
7 

30 
14 
4 

2 
2 
1 

3 

3 
2 
2 

1 

411 

32 
130 

32 
130 

2 

11 

1 
26 

1 

MANTTFACTUBma  AND  MECHANICAL  PURSUITS. 

871 

367 

442 

62 

24 

2 

8 
1 

733 

8 

1 
721 

6 
1 

489 

3 

1 

213 

2 

1 

2 

dnthingf                 ,     ,     ,                           

238 

38 

225 

7 

12 

U 

1 

Clothing  makers ... 

590 
89 
54 

14 
21 
47 
1 
32 
191 
34 

168 

578 
89 
54 

13 
21 
46 
1 
32 
190 
34 

158 

388 
69 
32 

9 

15 
36 

176 
24 
13 

2 
8 
11 

182 
39 
17 

7 
6 
22 

30 
6 
2 

1S3 
20 
22 

4 
5 

10 
1 
3 
83 
16 

43 

7 

12 

11 

1 

i' 

1 

1 

1 
3 

1 

1 

29 
106 
18 

114 

14 

43 
8 

46 

13 

55 
8 

61 

2 
8 
2 

7 

1 

1 

1 

Manufacturing  and.  mechanical  pursuits  common  to 

1 

10 

10 

156 
12 

69 
43 

146 
12 

68 
43 

106 
8 

48 
41 

42 
4 

18 
20 

57 
4 

30 
19 

7 

39 
4 

19 
2 

1 

10 

10 

1 

1 

1 

Tbanspoetation 

2 

Road,  street,  and  bridge  transportation 

2 

1 
2 
38 

211 

2 

1 

2 

38 

208 

2 

1 
2 
36 

163 

2 

1 

Express  transportation              

2 
15 

66 

19 

80 

2 

17 

2 

44 

1 

3 

3 

125 
86 

5 

650 

124 

84 

S 

634 

104 
59 

4 

552 

53 

27 

1 

382 

40 

26 

3 

122 

11 
6 

19 

25 

1 
71 

1 

1 
2 

1 
2 

Public  Sebtice 

48 

11 

16 

15 

1 

89 
414 
147 

4,091 

88 
402 
144 

3,392 

73 
368 
111 

2,026 

48 

253 

81 

1,138 

19 

81 
22 

667 

6 

34 

8 

221 

11 
27 
33 

1,322 

4 
7 

44 

1 
12 
3 

699 

1 
12 
2 

694 

All  others  in  this  class 

2 

1 

3 

Housekeepers  and  stewards 

665 

3,030 

238 

258 

5U 

644 

2,474 

128 

246 

392 

43S 

1,355 

64 

169 

340 

296 
720 
25 
97 

174 

80 
496 
32 
59 

137 

62 

139 

7 

13 

29 

94 

1,087 

64 

77 

48 

12 
32 

4 

21 
556 
110 

12 

119 

20 
552 
110 

12 

117 

2 

1 

2 

Occupations  Not  Pecut.tar  to  Any  One 
Industey  oe  Service  Geoup 

2 

Accountants,  auditors,  bookkeepers,  and  cashiers 

71 
121 
154 
162 
3 

2 

70 
119 
154 

46 
3 

2 

CI 
106 
137 

33 
3 

1 

29 
55 
69 
IS 
3 

28 
43 
54 

12 

4 

8 
14 
3 

8 
11 
16 
13 

1 
2 

1 

1 
2 

1 

2 

Laborers  (not  othenvisespeciGcd) 

116 

115 

1 

All  othAFs  in  thf.s  rlasa     

Unclasslflable  and  all  other  occupations 

1 

1 

154  INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Tabm  24,— insane  enumerated  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  LENGTH 


DmSION  OE  STATE. 

INSANE  ENUMEEATED  IN  HOSPITALS  ON  JANVABY  1, 

L910. 

Total. 

Who  have  spent 

in  hospitals  for  the  insane 

- 

Less  than  1  year. 

1  year  but  less  than  2. 

2  years 

but  less  than  3. 

3  years 

but  less  than  4. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

) 

187,791 

98,695 

89,096 

23,788 

13,363 

10,425 

15,491 

8,235 

7,256 

14,703 

7,760 

6,943 

11,802 

6,299 

3,303 

GEOQEAPmC  DmsiONs: 

19,580 

52,380 

41,246 

22, 083 

19,952 

9,759 

8,413 

3,674 

10,204 

9,647 

25,787 

22,118 

12,659 

10,372 

4,939 

4,337 

2,308 

6,528 

9,933 

26,593 
19, 123 
10,024 
9,380 
4,820 
4,076 
1,C36 
3,670 

2,395 
6,526 
4,619 
2,793 
2,773 
1,458 
971 
603 
l,d3fl 

1,279 

3,430 

2,687 

1,051 

1,598 

817 

528 

380 

993 

1,316 

3,096 

1,932 

1,144 

1,177 

041 

443 

183 

493 

1,926 

4,003 

2  773 

1,590  1 

1,845 

834 

844 

276 

800 

979 
2,347 
1,540 
944 
863 
435 
455 
173 
499 

947 
2,266 
1,233 
646 
982 
399 
389 
103 
301 

1,749 

4,082 

2,741 

1,799 

1,543 

983 

738 

330 

738 

876 
2,032 
1,645 
971 
748 
302 
388 
207 
491 

873 
2,050 
1,196 
828 
796 
481 
350 
123 
247 

1,311 

3,087 

2,204 

1,381 

1,442 

763 

688 

224 

642 

659 
1,514 
1,206 
798 
729 
3S6 
368 
103 
416 

652 
1,573 

998 
583 
713 
377 
320 
01 
220 

7 

Middle  Atlantic  

4 
5 

East  Nortli  Central 

West  North  Central 

7 
8 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

10 

New  England: 

11 

1,258 

909 

990 

11,601 

1,243 

3,579 

31,280 
6,042 
15,058 

10,594 
4,527 

12,839 
6,699 
6,687 

4,744 
6,377 
6,168 
628 
864 
1,990 
2,912 

441 
3,220 
2,890 
3,635 
1,722 
2,522 
1,541 
3,132 

849 

.1,538 
2,204 
2,039 
1,978 

1,092 
2,158 
1,110 
4,053 

697 
388 
162 
1,199 
219 
337 
342 
230 

1,987 
1,565 
6,653 

693 
40.1 
528 

5,633 
C50 

1,680 

14,956 
2,913 
7,919 

5,015 
2,C05 
6,846 
3,079 
3,743 

2,755 
2,896 
3,231 
'407 
535 
1,141 
1,694 

237 
1,669 
2,170 
1,779 

900 
1,032 

708 
1,531 

446 

1,968 

1,057 

981 

933 

529 
1,070 

651 
2,087 

631 
256 
105 
687 
128 
265 
171 
165 

1,323 

1,088 
4,115 

505 
440 
402 

5,90C 
£93 

1,899 

16,325 
3,129 
7,139 

4,979 
2,292 
5,993 
3,020 
2,844 

1,989 

2,481 

2,937 

221 

329 

849 

1,218 

204 
1,651 

720 
1,856 

822 
1,490 

833 
1,601 

403 

1,570 
1,147 
1,058 
1,045 

563 
1,088 

459 
1,966 

166 
132 

57 
512 

91 

72 
171 

03 

662 

477 

2,537 

117 
132 
105 

224 
490 

3,690 

783 

2,063 

1,333 
495 

1,331 
740 
718 

505 
567 
893 
104 
123 
213 
390 

46 
441 
397 
541 
123 
400 
j        141 
587 

99 

616 
162 
337 
343 

180 

72 

322 

397 

80 
78 
29 
193 
45 
51 
54 
33 

377 
157 
952 

67 
07 
54 
734 
119 
238 

1,868 

411 

1,151 

7S3 
2CS 
769 
459 
408 

303 
338 
630 
55 
73 
136 
214 

28 
219 
320 
291 

62 
177 
115 
321 

67 

375 
90 
184 
168 

85 

41 

189 

213 

60 
61 
17 
118 
27 
38 
37 
22 

261 
135 
597 

SO 
65 
51 
793 
105 
252 

1,822 
372 
902 

652 
227 
562 
281 
310 

200 

229 

303 

49 

50 

77 

176 

20 
222 

77 
250 

61 
223 

26 
266 

32 

241 

72 

133 

175 

95 
31 
133 

184 

20 
17 
12 
75 
IS 
13 
17 
11 

116 

22 

.155 

187 
113 
49 
1,219 
116 
242 

2,747 

509 

1,34? 

653 
412 
749 
427 
532 

379 
349 
422 
55 
85 
158 
142 

25 
276 
219 
•297 

80 
173 
275 
413 

87 

245 
206 
211 
112 

151 
305 
189 
199 

20 
33 

8 

134 

35 

11 

23 

6 

231 
130 
439 

106 
58 
27 

605 
59 

124 

1,349 
201 

737 

339 
216 
423 
257 
305 

220 
209 
249 
34 
51 
91 
90 

10 
137 
177 
136 
43 
63 
59 
205 
33 

133 

142 

105 

35 

70 
155 
114 
116 

17 
23 

3 
70 
25 

9 
16 

6 

154 
104 
241 

81 
55 
22 

614 
67 

118 

1,398 
248 
610 

314 
196 
326 
170 
227 

159 
140 
173 
21 
34 
07 
32 

13 
139 

42 
161 

37 
110 
216 
208 

54 

112 
124 
106 

37 

81 

150 

73 

83 

9 
8 
3 
04 
10 
2 
7 

77 
26 
198 

137 
105 

98 
1,010 

85 
314 

2,330 

451 

1,281 

873 
286 
691 
485 
406 

313 
371 
600 
72 
69 
133 
239 

36 

212 
177 
208 

78 
273 

96 
300 
103 

326 
221 

188 
248 

110 
131 
117 
380 

90 
42 
15 
106 
19 
14 
24 
21 

173 

93 

470 

74 
64 
53 

600 
46 

140 

1,108 
211 
713 

487 
164 
384 
288 
222 

185 
193 
294 
48 
41 
73 
137 

23 

95 
120 
124 

40 
118 

46 
133 

49 

198 
101 
87 
116 

63 
79 
70 
184 

63 
32 
9 
49 
11 
13 
15 
15 

.110 

72 

309 

63 
41 
45 

510 
40 

174 

1,242 
240 
568 

386 
122 
307 
197 
184 

130 
178 
306 
24 
28 
60 
102 

13 
117 

67 
144 

38 
155 

60 
167 

34 

128 
120 
101 
132 

55 
52 
47 
196 

27 
10 
6 
56 
8 
1 
9 
6 

65 
21 
161 

110 
56 
71 
759 
107 
202 

1,827 
378 
882 

698 
238 
531 
402 
373 

20S 
297 
410 
36 
68 
102 
183 

40 
228 
272 
241 

69 
173 
108 
228 

83 

237 
173 
160 
173 

115 

210 

70 

293 

59 
24 
15 
66 
11 
21 
13 
IS 

127 

77 
438 

59 
31 
39 
372 
65 
93 

858 
174 
482 

376 
122 
287 
266 
215 

134 

170 

230 

40 

38 

57 

109 

21 
95 
202 
100 
36 
63 
61 
108 
47 

132 
90 
87 
77 

60 
112 

40 
166 

50 
16 
11 
51 
5 
14 
7 
9 

76 

64 
280 

57 
25 
32 

387 
42 

109 

969 
204 
400 

322 
116 
204 
136 
160 

111 
127 
180 
16 
30 
45 
74 

19 
133 

70 
135 

33 
110 

57 
120 

36 

123 
83 
73 
96 

63 

98 

30 

127 

9 
8 
4 
15 
6 
7 
6 
6 

a 

23 
152 

1? 

l«i 

Rhode  Island 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

IS 

19 

Of) 

East  Noeth  Centbal: 

Ohio    

oi 

•>? 

'■i 

West  North  Centeal: 

?6 

V 

•)S 

North  Dakota.... ..... 

?') 

30 

Nebraska. 

11 

r> 

Soirrn  Atlantic: 

31 

Marylj^qri                          ,     , 

34 

15 

District  of  Columbia 

Virginia  

16 

West  Virginia 

17 

North  Carolina 

18 

19 

Georgia 

40 

Florida 

41 

East  South  Centeal: 

4? 

Tennessee 

41 

44 

4S 

West  South  Centeal: 

Arkansas 

46 

47 

t^ 

Tpxjis 

49 

ifOtlNTAIN: 

30 

Idaho 

51 

'P 

Colorado 

51 

New  Mexico 

54 

ii5 

Utah 

56 

Nevada 

37 

PAOFtc: 

Washington        

58 

39 

California 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

OF  TIME  SPENT  IN  HOSPITALS  FOR  THE  INSANE,  AND  BY  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


155 


INSANE  ENUMEEATED  IN  BOSPITAIS  ON  JANHAET  1, 

1910— continued. 

Who  have  spent  In  hospitals  for  the  Insane— 

4yearg 

but  less  than  5. 

5  years  but  less  than  10. 

10  years 

but  less  than  15. 

15  years 

but  less  than  20. 

20  years  and 

aver. 

Years  unknown. 

TotaL 

Male. 

To- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

10,251 

6,270 

4,981 

37,836 

19,548 

18,288 

23,772 

12,289 

11,483 

15,769 

8,146 

7,613 

20,227 

10,198 

10,029 

14, 162 

7,687 

6,576 

1,166 

687 

579 

4,364 

2,163 

2,201 

2,513 

1,211 

1,302 

1,531 

741 

790 

1,975 

973 

1,002 

450 

179 

271 

2,645 

■1,221 

1,424 

10, 272 

4,878 

5,394 

6,931 

3,367 

3,564 

6,084 

2,443 

2,641 

6,519 

3,059 

3,460 

2,631 

1,496 

1,135 

• 

2,043 

1,133 

910 

8,139 

4,395 

3,744 

6,021 

2,6:i 

2,360 

3,380 

1,768 

1,614 

4,519 

2,274 

2,245 

5,747 

2,851 

2,896 

■ 

1,266 

692 

574 

4,696 

2,612 

2,084 

3,171 

1,726 

1,446 

2,093 

1,19<! 

899 

2,355 

1,247 

1,108 

1,637 

825 

712 

1,040 

499 

541 

4,024 

2,049 

1,975 

2,399 

1,246 

1,163 

1,259 

626 

633 

1,974 

1,015 

959 

1,651 

999 

652 

1 

627 

2S2 

345 

2,035 

1,009 

1,026 

1,089 

646 

543 

689 

348 

341 

1,049 

509 

640 

232 

105 

127 

712 

369 

343 

1,757 

890 

867 

1,077 

638 

639 

610 

292 

318 

608 

318 

288 

410 

191 

219 

1 

205 

143 

62 

678 

390 

288 

468 

297 

171 

332 

210 

122 

257 

178 

79 

241 

167 

74 

f 

547 

344 

203 

1,871 

1,162 

709 

1,103 

698 

405 

781 

626 

255 

973 

625 

348 

1,263 

774 

4S9 

U 

98 

56 

42 

266 

153 

113 

128 

76 

53 

91 

53 

38 

89 

40 

49 

29 

10 

19 

1 

65 

32 

33 

232 

126 

106 

c      66 

25 

41 

47 

22 

25 

62 

32 

30 

31 

6 

25 

r 

49 

28 

21 

226 

133 

93 

166 

86 

80 

75 

38 

37 

128 

DO 

73 

23 

16 

8 

ir 

6S3 

330 

347 

2,682 

1,286 

1,396 

1,506 

731 

776 

877 

412 

465 

1,086 

558 

628 

252 

99 

163 

i^ 

68 

33 

35 

229 

112 

117 

141 

69 

72 

95 

57 

38 

125 

67 

68 

53 

24 

29 

1. 

203 

102 

101 

729 

353 

376 

606 

226 

281 

346 

159 

187 

485 

221 

•      264 

62 

25 

37 

« 

I,56S 

706 

862 

6,077 

2,802 

3,275 

4,471 

2,126 

2,346 

3,  .589 

1,767 

1,822 

4,462 

2,112 

2,350 

499 

259 

240 

r 

318 

141 

177 

1,277 

694 

6.53 

868 

435 

433 

490 

231 

269 

806 

360 

446 

162 

95 

67 

1: 

759 

374 

385 

2,918 

1,482 

1,436 

1,592 

806 

786 

1,005 

445 

660 

1,251 

687 

664 

1,970 

1,142 

828 

1! 

609 

327 

282 

2,481 

1,332 

1,149 

1,379 

705 

674 

890 

480 

410 

1,013 

490 

523 

663 

296 

367 

2( 

248 

134 

114 

1,084 

558 

626 

635 

318 

317 

606 

202 

3M 

481 

199 

282 

142 

54 

8S 

2 

485 

268 

217 

1,876 

1,009 

867 

1,073 

564 

609 

6S4 

332 

252 

1,094 

551 

643 

4,406 

2,259 

2,146 

2- 

365 

206 

159 

1,341 

722 

619 

939 

607 

432 

728 

373 

356 

972 

600 

472 

300 

101 

199 

■£ 

336 

198 

138 

1,367 

774 

583 

995 

667 

428 

672 

379 

293 

969 

634 

425 

237 

141 

96 

■n 

226 

121 

105 

897 

508 

3S9 

741 

448 

293 

506 

294 

212 

630 

332 

298 

280 

188 

92 

% 

283 

160 

123 

1,100 

590 

610 

740 

362 

378 

632 

302 

230 

668 

299 

259 

580 

273 

307 

2 

381 

206 

175 

1,266 

669 

697 

837 

417 

420 

476 

239 

237 

685 

266 

319 

298 

131 

167 

IT 

45 

33 

12 

137 

102 

35 

55 

32 

23 

45 

25 

20 

64 

36 

19 

5 

3 

2 

2) 

54 

25 

29 

168 

104 

64 

127 

87 

40 

94 

67 

27 

74 

48 

28 

2 

1 

1 

2< 

94 

51 

43 

407 

217 

190 

243 

137 

106 

168 

96 

62 

136 

71 

64 

347 

212 

135 

3 

183 

98 

87 

721 

422 

299 

428 

212 

186 

282 

171 

111 

319 

196 

123 

26 

17 

8 

3 

34 

17 

17 

91 

49 

42 

48 

30 

18 

67 

37 

30 

44 

20 

24 

10 

4 

6 

3 

147 

54 

93 

591 

241 

350 

393 

182 

211 

222 

83 

139 

370 

160 

210 

340 

303 

37 

3. 

95 

61 

34 

703 

519 

184 

336 

250 

85 

181 

137 

44 

493 

369 

124 

18 

15 

3 

■M 

225 

109 

116 

772 

376 

397 

455 

227 

228 

321 

172 

149 

498 

227 

271 

17 

12 

6 

3. 

62 

31 

31 

166 

91 

74 

112 

69 

43 

37 

14 

23 

6 

3 

3 

990 

611 

479 

3 

147 

67 

80 

536 

198 

338 

370 

162 

208 

184 

78 

106 

256 

103 

153 

10 

3 

7 

3- 

73 

43 

30 

271 

131 

140 

143 

62 

81 

83 

26 

58 

115 

47 

68 

236 

129 

107 

.3! 

202 

85 

117 

659 

320 

339 

428 

211 

217 

146 

73 

73 

168 

75 

93 

1 

1 

3 

55 

32 

23 

236 

125 

111 

115 

63 

62 

18 

7 

11 

24 

11 

13 

29 

22 

7 

4( 

226 

105 

121 

691 

373 

318 

414 

237 

177 

235 

136 

99 

454 

240 

214 

74 

39 

35 

4 

12:1 

60 

63 

475 

223 

252 

268 

124 

144 

172 

81 

91 

209 

87 

122 

135 

69 

76 

4- 

132 

56 

76 

407 

191 

216 

212 

90 

122 

133 

64 

69 

239 

111 

128 

20 

6 

14 

4; 

146 

61 

85 

462 

222 

240 

196 

95 

100 

149 

67 

82 

147 

71 

76 

3 

1 

2 

M 

119 

61 

68 

118 

64 

54 

97 

60 

47 

53 

25 

28 

41 

15 

26 

108 

64 

44 

4. 

165 

81 

S4 

425 

228 

197 

323 

141 

182 

207 

88 

119 

189 

109 

80 

131 

36 

95 

41 

80 
348 

46 
191 

34 
157 

185 
1,029 

111 

4S7 

74 
512 

63 
694 

27 
320 

36 
274 

16 
334 

11 

168 

5 
166 

68 
103 

43 

48 

25 
55 

4' 

376 

194 

182 

4i 

37 

29 

.8 

129 

87 

42 

108 

88 

20 

87 

68 

19 

66 

57 

9 

IS 

12 

3 

4! 

19 
19 

10 

n 

9 
8 

72 
37 

44 
24 

28 
13 

52 
19 

32 
13 

20 
6 

47 
11 

24 
S 

23 
3 

21 
5 

12 
4 

9 

1 

61 

4 

3 

6 

57 

46 

U 

264 

144 

110 

156 

98 

68 

88 

61 

37 

73 

38 

35 

73 

22 

51 

61 

24 
14 

15 
10 

9 
4 

39 
36 

17 
23 

22 
13 

28 
22 

17 
12 

11 
10 

17 
14 

10 
10 

7 
4 

1 
12 

1 
11 

■>: 

1 

142 

125 

17 

« 

IS 

9 

9 

74 

29 

45 

63 

24 

39 

45 

22 

23 

26 

11 

15 

2 

1 

,v 

17 

13 

* 

37 

22 

16 

20 

13 

7 

23 

17 

6 

53 

44 

9 

5 

4 

5e 

103 

71 

32 

350 

225 

125 

187 

119 

68 

146 

08 

48 

78 

52 

26 

213 

159 

64 

63 

69 

49 

20 

283 

1S9 

74 

147 

109 

38 

113 

S2 

31 

141 

100 

35 

376 

188 

187 

.51 

375 

224 

151 

1,258 

743 

510 

769 

470 

299 

622 

346 

176 

7.';4 

467 

2S7 

675 

427 

243 

5S 

156 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  25.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  KACE,  NATIVITY 


DmSlON,  AND  KCMBER  OF  PREVIOUS 
ADMISSIONS  TO  UOSFITALS. 

msANE  admitted  to  eosfitai.1  in  1910. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

TotaL 

Native. 

TotaL 

Native  parentage. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

United  States 

60,769 

1      34,116 

26,653 

56,182 

31,646 

24,538 

39,629 

22,190 

17,439 

24,534 

13,792 

10,742 

Previous  admissions: 

None 

7 

40,130 
9,853 
2,474 

855 

336 

406 

6,715 

1 

22,427 

1         5,439 

1,311 

446 

173 

191 

4,129 

17,703 

4,414 

1,163 

409 

163 

215 

2,586 

36,878 

9,435 

2,378 

821 

325 

402 

5,943 

20,704 

5,214 

1,258 

428 

167 

190 

3,685 

16,174 

4,221 

1,120 

393 

158 

212 

2,258 

25,830 

6,837 

1,775 

622 

261 

318 

3,986 

14,441 
3,783 
964 
330 
138 
159 
2,375 

11,389 
3,054 
811 
292 
123 
159 
1,611 

16,572 

4,005 

1,098 

422 

178 

217 

2,042 

9,305 

2,197 

610 

223 

90 

109 

1,253 

7,267 

1,808 
488 
194 
88 
103 
789 

1 

1 

4 

2 

5 

3 

6 

4 .  .. 

7 

5  or  more 

S 

<1 

6,986 

3,632 

3,354 

6,862 

3,566 

3,296 

4,369 

2,315 

2,054 

2,609 

1,337 

1,272 

Previous  admissions: 

10 

4,757 

1,323 

419 

146 

59 

84 

198 

14,669 

2,535 
WS 
205 
67 
29 
34 
114 

7,866 

2,222 
675 
214 
79 
30 
50 
84 

6,803 

4,669 
1,299 
414 
144 
59 
83 
194 

14,209 

2,490 
636 
203 
65 
29 
33 
110 

7,621 

2,179 
663 
211 
79 
30 
50 
84 

6,588 

2,847 
907 
289 
96 
40 
63 
127 

8,687 

1,552 
456 
146 
45 
20 
28 
68 

4,758 

1,295 
451 
143 
51 
20 
35 
59 

3,929 

1,717 
520 
157 
67 
30 
47 
71 

4,708 

1             914 
251 
74 
31 
14 
18 
35 

2,606 

803 
269 
83 
36 
16 
29 
36 

2,102 

17 

1 

1'' 

2 

13 

3 

M 

4 

15 

in 

Not  reported .  ,. 

17 

AfTDTlT.F     ATI.ANTlr 

Previons  admissions: 
None 

IS 

10,560 

2,519 

544 

219 

79 

80 

668 

13,191 

5,575 
1,341 
300 
106 
36 
33 
475 

7,548 

4,985 
1,178 
244 
113 
43 
47 
193 

5,643 

10,214 

2,453 

535 

217 

77 

80 

633 

12,867 

5,390 

1,310 

296 

106 

36 

33 

-      450 

7,347 

4,824 
1,143 
239 
111 
41 
47 
183 

5,520 

6,089 

1,560 

3S5 

160 

58 

56 

379 

9,203 

3,271 

870 
226 
75 
30 
23 
263 

5,113 

2,818 
690 
159 
85 
28 
33 
116 

4,090 

3,407 
766 
224 
87 
34 
28 
162 

5,215 

i         1,847 

'            lf7 

1             f8 

13 

115 

1        2,889 

1,560 
333 
87 
44 
16 
15 
47 

2,326 

19 

1 

•"O 

2 

?1 

3 

V? 

4 

?3 

5  or  more 

?4 

25 

East  North  Central 

Previous  admissions: 
None 

^fi 

8,794 
2,271 
597 
195 
83 
122 
1,129 

7,459 

5,055 
1,270 
316 
104 
45 
64 
694 

4,180 

3,739 

1,001 

281 

91 

38 

58 

435 

3,279 

8,554 
2,239 
591 
194 
80 
122 
1,087 

7,180 

4,915 
1,245 
311 
103 
42 
64 
667 

4,024 

3,639 
994 
280 
91 
38 
58 
420 

3,156 

6,060 
1,661 
460 
148 
73 
100 
701 

5,070 

3,381 
904 
233 
84 
38 
55 
418 

2,828 

2,679 
757 
227 
64 
35 
45 
283 

2,242 

3,500 
893 
257 
100 
52 
69 
344 

2,826 

1,931 
476 
136 
64 
24 
39 
209 

1,605 

1,549 
417 
121 
46 
28 
30 
135 

1,221 

77 

1 

?S 

■M 

3 

30 

4 

31 

5  or  more 

3? 

33 

Previous  admissions: 

31 

4,495 

1,308 

324 

81 

42 

49 

1,160 

6,725 

2,602 
787 
153 
45 
26 
21 
546 

3,730 

1,893 
521 
171 
36 
16 
28 
614 

2,995 

4,336 

1,260 

318 

80 

42 

48 

1,096 

4,820 

2,502 
758 
150 
45 
26 
21 
522 

2,731 

1,834 
502 
168 
35 
16 
27 
574 

2,089 

3,174 
888 
180 
54 
31 
35 
708 

4,417 

1,807 

523 

100 

31 

20 

15 

332 

2,478 

1,367 
365 
80 
23 
11 
20 
376 

1,939 

1,796 
467 
91 
27 
16 
20 
409 

3,471 

1,035 

267 

55 

IS 

11 

9 

210 

1,994 

761 

200 

36 

9 

5 

11 

199 

1,477 

3'> 

1 

36 

2 

37 

3 

3S 

4 

39 

40 

Not  reported 

41 

Previous  admissions; 

4' 

4,843 
691 
210 
77 
27 
25 
852 

3,685 

2,663 

365 

103 

48 

11 

13 

527 

2,069 

2,180 
326 
107 
29 
16 
12 
325 

1,616 

3,217 
579 
173 
61 
23 
24 
743 

2,732 

1,826 

308 

83 

39 

9 

13 

453 

1,599 

1,391 
271 
90 
22 
14 
11 
290 

1,133 

2,994 
531 
164 
59 
22 
23 
624 

2,637 

1,682 

282 

79 

37 

9 

13 

376 

1,534 

1,312 
249 
85 
22 
13 
10 
248 

1,103 

2,507 

412 

132 

49 

18 

IS 

335 

2,284 

1,430 

227 

69 

S3 

7 

10 

218 

1,326 

1,077 
185 
63 

If 

n? 

96S 

43 

1 

2 

4S 

3 

46 

47 

4R 

49 

>» 

2,004 
512 
159 
61 
20 
22 
901 

2,968 

1,130 
272 
90 
31 
14 
12 
520 

1,622 

874 
240 
69 
30 
12 
10 
381 

1,346 

1,551 
432 
133 

52 
■  24 

21 
519 

2,609 

905 
241 
74 
28 
13 
12 
326 

1,430 

646 
191 
59 
24 
11 
9 
193 

1,179 

1,485 
422 
131 
51 
24 
21 
503 

2,321 

860 
236 
72 
28 
13 
12 
313 

1,260 

625 
1S6 
59 
23 
11 
9 
190 

1,061 

1,240 
388 
122 
47 
23 
20 
444 

1,978 

709 
220 
66 
25 
13 
12 
281 

1,084 

631 
168 
56 
22 
10 
8 
163 

S94 

Pil 

1 

,S? 

2 

■13 

3 

,S4 

4 

S5 

56 

Not  reported 

57 

West  South  Central. 

Previous  admissions: 
None 

PiR 

2,159 

427 

77 

23 

6 

8 

263 

1,181 

226 

43 

17 

4 

4 

147 

978 

201 

34 

11 

2 

4 

116 

1,910 

393 

72 

27 

6 

8 

193 

1,058 
205 
41 
16 
4 
4 
102 

852 
188 
31 
11 

\ 
91 

1,695 

367 

70 

26 

6 

S 

149 

924 
192 
41 
16 
4 
4 
79 

771 
175 
29 
10 
2 
4 
70 

1,513 
315 
60 
24 
2 
7 
57 

830 
164 
35 
15 
1 
3 
3« 

683 

151 

25 

9 

1 
* 
21 

.19 

1 

60 

2 

61 

3 

6? 

fi.3 

84 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  NUMBER  OF  PREVIOUS  ADMISSIONS  TO  HOSPITALS,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


157 


INSANE  ADMITTEO  TO  HOsnT/M.s  Dt  1910— Continued 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

other  colored. 

Native— Continued. 

1 
i 
Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parentage  im)mo«-n. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

10,685 

6.996 

4,689 

4,410 

2.402 

2,008 

15,523 

8,838 

6,685 

1,030 

618 

412 

4,384 

2,304 

2.080 

51 

32 

19 

152 

134 

18 

1 

7,013 

2,118 

541 

162 
66 
84 

701 

3.950 

1,205 

285 

85 

36 

42 

393 

3,063 

913 

256 

77 

30 

42 

308 

2,245 
714 
136 
38 
17 
17 
1,243 

1,186 

381 

69 

17 

12 

8 

729 

1,059 

333 

67 

21 

5 

9 

514 

10, 673 

2,497 

532 

191 

62 

83 

1,485 

6.042 

1,378 

284 

95 

28 

31 

980 

4.631 

1,119 

248 

96 

34 

52 

605 

375 

101 

71 

8 

2 

1 

472 

221 

53 

10 

3 

1 

330 

154 

48 

61 

5 

1 

1 

142 

3,129 

395 

92 

33 

10 

4 
721 

1,620 

207 

61 

18 

6 

1 

401 

1,509 

188 

41 

15 

4 

3 

320 

32 
9 
2 
1 

1 

23 
6 

9 
3 
2 
1 
1 

91 

14 
2 

80 
12 
2 

11 
2 

2 
3 
4 

■; 

5 

7 

6 

3 

3 

45 

40 

6 

8 

1,523 

852 

671 

237 

126 

111 

2,438 

1,225 

1,213 

65 

26 

29 

102 

S3 

49 

22 

13 

9 

<)79 
339 
115 
26 
10 
15 
39 

3.472 

556 
184 
64 
13 
6 
10 
19 

1,861 

423 
155 
51 
13 
4 
5 
20 

1,611 

151 
48 
17 
3 

82 

21 

S 

1 

69 

27 

9 

2 

1,786 
389 
124 
47 
19 
20 
53 

5.433 

923 

180 
57 
19 
9 
6 
32 

2,809 

863 
209 
67 
28 
10 
15 
21 

2,624 

36 
3 

1 

1 

15 
""'l' 

21 

3 

1 



72 

20 

5 

2 

36 
10 
2 
2 

36 
10 
3 

16 
4 

S 
2 

7 
2 

10 

]0 

14 

1 
17 

507 

14' 

291 

1 
3 

216 

1 
2 

439 

1 
2 

227 

14 
89 

10 

54 

4 
35 

2 

17 

2 
17 

16 

212 

4 

1 

3 

17 

2,445 
689 
148 
69 
22 
26 
73 

3,077 

1,304 
375 
82 
31 
11 
10 
48 

1,738 

1,141 
314 
66 
38 
11 
16 
25 

1,339 

237 

105 

13 

4 

2 

2 

144 

911 

120 
62 
7 

1 
1 

"166' 

486 

117 

43 

6 

3 

1 
2 
44 

425 

4,101 

877 

148 

55 

19 

24 

209 

3,365 

2,107 

431 

69 

31 

6 

10 

155 

2,035 

1,994 
446 
79 
24 
13 
14 
54 

1,330 

24 
16 
2 
2 

12 
9 
1 

12 
7 
1 
2 

330 

65 
8 

1 
1 

169 
31 
3 

161 

34 

5 

1 
1 

1 
1 

1 

...... 

15 

15 

18 
10 

1 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 

0] 

99 

03 

46 
299 

32 
199 

13 
100 

34 
304 

24 
186 

10 
118 

1 
11 

1 
10 

1 

?4 

9 

5 

i 

25 

2,021 
628 
175 
39 
18 
26 
170 

1,560 

1,147 
355 

80 
26 
12 
13 
105 

862 

874 
273 
95 
13 
6 
13 
65 

698 

539 

140 

28 

9 

3 

5 

187 

684 

283 
73 
17 
4 
2 
3 
104 

361 

256 
67 
11 
5 
1 
2 
83 

323 

2,368 

552 

124 

44 

7 

22 

248 

1,790 

1,458 

322 

72 

17 

4 

9 

153 

1,026 

910 
230 
52 
27 
3 
13 
95 

764 

126 

26 

7 

2 

76 
19 
6 
2 

50 
7 

1 

227 

28 

5 

1 

3 

131 

21 

5 

1 

3 

96 

7 

5 
3 
1 

2 
3 

3 

'  "i' 

8 

1 

7 
1 

1 

26 
27 

•)<> 

30 

31 

138 
320 

96 
170 

42 
150 

40 
260 

25 
142 

15 
118 

2 
7 

2 
7 

?*> 

12 

7 

5 

33 

979 
300 
62 
20 
11 
11 
177 

215 

565 

184 

32 

11 

6 

4 

60 

126 

414 

116 

30 

9 

5 

7 

117 

89 

399 

121 

27 

7 

4 

4 

122 

731 

207 
72 
13 
2 
3 
2 
62 

358 

192 
49 
14 
5 
1 
2 
60 

373 

1,046 
349 
79 
24 
10 
13 
269 

352 

627 

220 

48 

14 

6 

6 

105 

227 

419 
129 
31 
10 

4 

7 

164 

125 

116 

23 
59 
2 

1 

68 
15 
2 

43 
8 

67 
2 
1 

145 

45 

5 

1 

88 
27 
3 

57 
18 
2 
1 

7 
3 

1 

5 
2 

2 

1 
1 

7 

7 

34 

?5 

36 

37 

38 

1 
63 

1,900 

■■24' 
995 

1 
39 

905 

39 

119 
51 

85 
26 

34 
25 

1 
1 

1 

1 

40 

4 

3 

1 

41 

117 

38 

U 

4 

1 
3 
41 

84 

69 
21 

5 
2 

2' 

27 

57 

48 
17 
6 
2 
1 
1 
14 

27 

370 

81 

21 

6 

3 

2 

248 

269 

183 
34 

6 
2 
2 

i 

131 
151 

187 

47 

16 

4 

1 

1 

117 

118 

208 
43 
8 
2 

1 

136 

24 

4 

2 

72 
19 
4 

15 
5 

1 

8 
2 

7 
3 

1 

1,621 
112 
37 
16 
4 
1 
109 

950 

833 

57 

20 

9 

2 

"'74' 

468 

788 
55 
17 
7 
2 
1 
35 

482 

1 

1 

4 

3 

1 

42 

43 

44 

45 

1 

46 

1 
29 

10 

"ie 
10 

1 
13 



47 

90 

85 

61 

65 

29 
30 

48 

3 

2 

1 

49 

63 

13 

3 

1 

1 

41 
9 
3 
1 

22 
4 

i' 

182 

21 

6 

3 

110 
7 
3 
2 

72 
14 
3 

1 

60 
10 

1 
1 

39 
6 
1 

21 
6 

i' 

6 

6 

453 

9 
f 

379 
343 

225 
31 
16 
3 

1 

"192 
179 

228 

49 

10 

6 

1 

1 

187 

164 

■in 

51 

1 

1 

V 

.53 

54 

1 

56 

252 

29' 

125 

1 
27 

127 

55 

3 
91 

3 
51 

40 

13 

230 

10 
140 

3 

90 

3 

58 

3 

30 

28 

3 
7 

2 
6 

1 
1 

56 

9 

7 

2 

57 

87 
12 
4 
1 
1 

39 
7 
2 

28 
5 
2 
1 

1 

115 
40 
6 
1 
3 
1 
86 

55 
21 
4 
1 
3 
1 
40 

60 
19 
2 

189 
22 
2 

118 
12 

71 
10 
2 

26 
4 

16 

1 

10 
3 

237 

33 

5 

1 

114 

20 

2 

1 

123 
13 
3 

7 

5 

2 

5 

1 

4 

1 

1 

58 

59 

60 

1 

1 

61 

6? 

63 

« 

3 

3 

46 

i? 

10 

7 

27 

is 

14 

67 

h 

25 

2 

2 

i 

i 

64 

158  INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  25.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY   RACE,  NATIVITY,   PARENTAGE, 


DmSION,  AND  NUMBER  OF  PREVIOUS 
ADMISSIONS  TO  HOSPITALS. 

INSANE  ADMITTED  TO 

HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

Total. 

Native. 

Total. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

] 

Mountain 

1,623 

1,134 

489 

1,577 

1,106 

471 

1,006 

6S6 

320 

568 

392 

176 

Previous  admissions: 

None.                         

o 

760 

360 

42 

11 

5 

6 

439 

3,463 

528 
249 
27 
8 
3 
3 
316 

2,335 

232 
111 
15 
3 
2 
3 
123 

1,128 

734 
352 
41 
U 
5 
6 
428 

3,326 

512 

242 

27 

8 

3 

3 

311 

2,222 

222 
110 
14 
3 
2 
3 
117 

1,104 

498 

218 

32 

8 

4 

4 

242 

1,919 

336 

151 

20 

5 

2 

3 

169 

1,218 

162 

67 

12 

3 

2 

1 

73 

701 

371 
100 
24 
4 
2 
3 
64 

875 

259 

69 
14 
2 
1 
2 
45 

559 

112 

31 

10 

2 

1 

1 

19 

316 

■^ 

1 

2 

5 

3     

4 

^ 

1) 

Pacific 

Previous  admissions: 

None                                    

10 

1,758 

442 

102 

37 

9 

10 

1,105 

1,158 
281 
74 
20 
5 
7 
790 

600 
161 
28 
17 
4 
3 
315 

1,693 

428 

101 

35 

9 

10 

1,050 

1,106 

269 

73 

18 

5 

7 

744 

687 

159 

28 

17 

4 

3 

306 

988 
283 
64 
20 
3 
8 
553 

628 

169 

47 

9 

2 

6 

357 

360 
114 
17 
11 
1 
2 
196 

521 
144 
31 
17 
1 
5 
156 

330 

90 

24 

7 

1 

3 

104 

191 

54 

7 

10 

11 

1 

2 

IT 

3             

4 

111 

2 

62 

1R 

GENERAL  TABLES.  159 

SEX,  AND  NUMBER  OF  PREVIOUS  ADMISSIONS  TO  HOSPITALS,  BY  DIVISIONS— Continued. 


msAKE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910— Continued. 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

TnHlftn 

Other  colored. 

Native— Continued. 

Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  ralied 
parentage. 

Parentage  unknovn. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 

male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

166 

117 

49 

272 

177 

95 

515 

3SS 

127 

56 

1      32 

24 

29 

16 

13 

8 

4 

4 

9 

8 

1 

1 

85 
31 
6 
2 
1 
1 
*1 

497 

£4 

28 

4 

1 

i' 

29 
332 

31 
3 

1 
1 

1 

42 
87 
3 
2 
1 

23 

54 

2 

2 

1 

19 
33 

1 

226 
115 
9 
3 
1 
2 
159 

1.315 

168 

88 

7 

3 

1 

""i23 
933 

58 

29 

2 

10 
19 

8 

2 
14 

14 

7 

1 

7 
6 

7 
1 

1 

6 

* 

2 

6 
1 

5 
1 

1 

2 
3 
4 



6 
7 
8 

9 

2 
36 

382 

12 
16S 

137 
547 

95 
327 

42 
220 

27 
92 

19 
!      71 

8 
21 

7 

57 

3 
38 

4 
19 

2 
8 

7 

2 
1 

2 
72 

2 

68 

4 

257 
68 
18 

175 
42 
13 

82 

26 

5 

210 
71 
15 
3 
1 
1 
246 

123 
37 
10 
2 

i' 

154 

87 

34 

5 

1 

1 

92" 

689 
140 
37 
15 
5 
2 
427 

466 

98 

26 

9 

2 

1 

331 

223 
42 
11 
6 
3 
1 
98 

16 

6 

12 

2 

j 

4 

3 

30 
5 

17 
4 

13 

1 

S 
2 

S 
1 

...... 

30 

7 

1 

30 
7 

1 

10 
11 

2 

2 

n 

1 

2 

161 

1 
2 
99 

M 

1 

1 

11 

1^ 

70 

S6 

14 

20 

15 

6 

1 

1 



34 

30 

4 

le 

160 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  26.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910.  CLASSIFIED  BY  DURATION  OF  PRESENT  ATTACK  BEFORE 

ADMISSION,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910. 

DIVISION  OR  STATE. 

Total. 

Duration  ol  present  attack  before  admission. 

Less  than 
1  mouth. 

1  month 
bnt  less 
than  3. 

3  months 
but  less 
thane. 

6  months 
but  less 
than  12. 

1  year 
but  less 
than  2. 

2  years 
but  less 
than  4. 

4  years 
but  less 
thane. 

6  years 
but  less 
than  10. 

10  years 
but  less 
than  15. 

15  years 
but  less 
than  20. 

20  years 
and  over. 

Time  un- 
known. 

United  States 

60,769 

7,603 

12,867 

5,845 

5,013 

5,192 

5,234 

2,219 

1,604 

1,232 

Oil 

1,183 

12,166 

GEOGEAPinc  divisions: 

6,986 
14,M)9 
13, 191 
7,459 
6,725 
3,685 
2,968 
1,623 
3,463 

903 
2,056 
1,074 
883 
885 
451 
541 
234 
576 

1,404 

3,327 

2,429 

1,468 

1,692 

958 

620 

314 

649 

648 
1,631 
1,177 
616 
818 
377 
314 
105 
259 

561 
1,336 
1,161 
623 
622 
2.59 
274 
100 
177 

MI 
1,355 
1,120 
675 
534 
392 
224 
143 
192 

C49 

1,445 

1,162 

625 

514 

260 

277 

97 

205 

313 
598 
503 
249 
206 
122 
100 
37 
91 

247 
404 
338 
209 
176 
74 
73 
28 
56 

197 
307 
261 
151 
131 
60 
71 
21 
33 

96 

143 

132 

05 

72 

39 

42 

13 

9 

255 

233 

266 

136 

127 

70 

05 

17 

25 

1,062 

Middle  Atlantic 

1,934 

East  North  Central  .... 

3,572 

West  North  Central 

1,960 

949 

023 

Wost  South  Central.     .  .  . 

361 

514 

Pacific ^ 

1,191 

New  England: 

509 
320 
270 

4,236 
490 

1,155 

8,530 
1,640 
4,499 

3,336 
1,270 
4,053 
1,974 
2,558 

1,425 
1,611 
2,779 
224 
204 
411 
905 

127 

1,273 

597 

1,234 

493 

916 

646 

1,112 

325 

1,227 
932 
831 
696 

255 

491 

743 

1,479 

278 
203 

42 
722 

84 
135 
103 

66 

8St 

590 

1,989 

43 

■      62 
22 
601 
47 
128 

1,322 
258 
476 

241 
154 
308 
170 
201 

159 
323 
192 
57 
1 
62 
89 

23 
231 

43 
215 

39 

156 

174 

4 

81 

65 
47 

80S 
76 

267 

1,861 

291 

1,175 

912 
269 
571 
392 
285 

161 

240 

686 

37 

74 

77 

193 

39 

302 
155 
364 
88 
217 
114 
353 

54 
36 
21 

371 
53 

113 

929 
189 
413 

401 
169 
269 
166 
172 

111 

106 
197 
24 
22 
39 
117 

13 
110 
146 
130 

50 
U8 

70 
151 

34 

33 
17 

332 
41 

104 

811 
152 
373 

413 
156 
267 
173 
152 

105 
92 

177 
15 
7 
31 
96 

12 
120 
72 
103 
35 
83 
70 
127 

60 
28 
34 

360 
68 

101 

811 
139 
405 

283 
145 
312 
204 
182 

125 
105 
213 
14 
15 
23 
80 

8 
85 
33 

105 
43 
83 
52 

125 

32 

25 
34 

399 
68 

101 

901 
153 

391 

318 
135 
294 
210 
205 

182 
116 
150 
17 
17 
29 
114 

7 
84 
28 
99 
41 
78 
45 
132 

20 
4 

18 
186 
27 
58 

386 
51 
161 

104 
62 

149 
94 
94 

65 

46 

66 

6 

1 

13 
52 

6 
33 

14 
38 
18 
32 
17 
48 

13 

10 
10 
161 
18 
35 

248 
51 
105 

63 
46 
105 
65 
69 

75 

39 

46 

8 

4 

13 
24 

2 
23 
10 
28 
20 
25 
26 
41 

21 

5 
16 
96 
12 
47 

159 
31 
117 

42 
18 
81 
75 
45 

41 
23 
34 
4 
3 
7 
39 

4 
11 

7 
32 

7 
13 
17 
40 

8 
7 
3 

61 
2 

15 

70 
28 
45 

21 
15 
37 
38 
21 

18 
10 
18 

28 
4 

10 

157 

17 

39 

93 
36 
104 

35 
24 
103 
60 
44 

37 
24 
51 

115 

47 

38 

644 

71 

C-onnecticut  

147 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

939 

261 

734 

East  North  Centeal: 

Ohio 

603 

77 

Illinois      

1,557 

'337 

1,098 

West  North  Central: 

346 

381 

949 

42 

South  Dakota 

4 
8 
11 

4 
22 

3 
20 
15 
13 
11 
39 

56 

5 
8 

2 
12 

104 

Kansas 

82 

South  Atlantic: 

7 

Maryland     

180 

86 

Virginia 

14 
7 
9 
5 

23 

86 

132 

North  Carolina 

59 

45 

Georgia 

29 

325 

East  South  Central: 

110 
104 
63 
174 

330 
194 
298 
136 

61 
63 
172 
338 

89 
72 
12 
45 
21 
19 
29 
27 

125 

22 
502 

114 
105 
125 
33 

20 
46 
70 
178 

13 
21 

3 
41 

6 
10 

6 

S 

70 
17 
172 

82 
81 
62 
34 

24 
52 
56 
143 

12 
11 

96 

88 
88 
120 

17 
35 
50 
122 

14 

10 
4 

84 
7 
4 
9 
5 

49 
13 

130 

82 
53 
77 
48 

50 
31 
71 
125 

10 
6 
3 

55 
8 
3 
8 
4 

55 
32 
118 

52 
21 
29 
20 

17 
9 
31 
43 

2 
2 
2 
19 
6 

35 
9 

17 
13 

20 
U 
16 

20 

4 
3 
4 
5 
2 

25 

7 

6 

22 

14 

7 

22 

23 

5 
2 
1 
6 
1 
1 
4 
2 

10 
9 
14 

18 
6 
7 
8 

5 
5 
15 
17 

3 

39 
16 
7 
8 

6 
18 
19 

22 

3 
2 

244 

Tennessee 

248 

52 

Mississippi 

79 

West  South  Central: 

21 

47 
126 
308 

175 

96 

Texas            

69 

Mountain: 

Montana 

123 

28 
9 
135 
10 
34 
17 
1 

214 

55 
307 

40 

2 
5 

2 

54 
6 

7 
4 
6 

41 
25 
111 

8 
3 

266 

14 

67 

Utah 

6 

10 

2 

1 

1 
1 
7 

1 

7 

5 

PAcmc: 

Washington 

24 
Hi 

51 

15 
9 
32 

1 

13 
11 

279 

378 

Calilornia 

634 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


161 


Table  27.— INSANE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  DURATION  OF  PRESENT  ATTACK  BEFORE 
ADMISSION,  AND  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  SEX,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  KACE,  NATIVITY,  AND  PARENTAGE. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

Aggregate 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

Parentage  urLknown 

Forei^  bom , 

Nativity  unknown 

Colored 

Negro 

Indian 

Other  colored 

MALE. 
Aggregate 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 

Colored 

Negro 

Indian 

Other  colored 

FEMALE. 
Aggregate 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 
Parentage  unioiown 

Foreign  bora 

Nativity  unknown 

Colored 

N^o 

Indian 

Other  colored 


maiNE  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Total. 


60,769 


56,182 
39,629 
24,634 
10,685 

4,410 
15,623 

1,030 

4,5S7 

4,384 

51 

152 


34,116 


31,646 
22,190 
13,792 
5,996 
2,402 
8,838 
618 

2,470 

2,304 

32 

134 


26,653 


24,536 
17,439 
10,742 
4,689 
2,008 
6,685 
412 

2,117 

2,080 

19 

18 


Duration  of  present  attack  before  admission. 


than  1 
month. 


,603 


6,769 
4,503 
2,767 
1,261 
475 
2,205 
61 

834 

804 

2 

28 


4,335 


3,897 

2,607 

1,618 

723 

266 

1,244 

46 

438 
414 


24 


3,268 


2,872 

1,896 

1,149 

538 

209 

961 

l.T 

396 

390 

2 

4 


1  month 
but  less 
than  3. 


3  months 
but  less 
than  6. 


12,867 


11,834 
8,465 
5,671 
2,142 
752 
3,256 
113 

1,033 

983 

10 

40 


7,215 


6,633 
4,690 
3,123 
1,179 
388 
1,S74 


5S2 

539 

7 

36 


5,652 


5,845 


5,415 
4,041 
2,660 
1,027 
354 
1,331 
43 

430 

406 

3 

21 


3,065 


5,201 

3,775 

2,448 

963 

364 

1,382 

44 

451 

444 

3 

4 


2,864 

2,131 

1,413 

537 

181 

714 

19 

201 

181 

2 

18 


2,780 


2,551 

1,910 

1,247 

490 

173 

617 

24 

229 

225 

1 

3 


6  months 
but  less 
than  12. 


5,013 


4,668 

3,385 

2,165 

915 

305 

1,238 

45 

315 

339 

2 

4 


2,792 


2,595 

1,889 

1,216 

501 

172 

684 

22 

197 
194 


2,221 


2,073 
1,496 
949 
414 
133 
554 
23 

148 

145 

2 

1 


lyear 
but  less 
than  2. 


5,192 


4,836 

3,595 

2,295 

956 

344 

1,189 

52 

356 

344 

4 


2,942 


2,739 

2,047 

1,301 

661 

196 

666 

26 

203 

193 

3 

7 


2,250 


2,097 
1,548 
994 
405 
149 
523 
26 

153 

151 

1 

1 


2  years 
but  less 
than  4. 


6,234 


4,951 
3,604 
2,273 
1,005 
326 
1,299 
48 

283 

277 

4 

2 


2,814 


2,680 

1,969 

1,242 

547 

180 

681 

30 

134 

129 

3 

2 


2,420 


2,271 

1,635 

1,031 

458 

146 

618 

IS 

149 

148 

1 


4  years 
but  less 
than  6. 


2,219 


2,094 
1,547 
966 
432 
149 
526 
22 

125 

119 

4 

2 


1,107 


1,046 
802 
525 
201 
76 
231 
13 

61 

56 

3 

2 


1,112 


6  years 
but  less 
than  10. 


1,604 


1,533 
1  135 

703 
317 
115 
387 
11 

71 
64 
5 
2 


1,048 
746 
411 
231 
73 
294 
9 

64 

63 

1 


779 
587 
376 
156 
56 
185 
7 

34 
29 
3 
2 


791 


754 
648 
327 
162 
59 
202 
4 

37 

35 

2 


10  years 
but  less 
than  16. 


1,232 


1,171 
936 
600 
249 
87 
228 


692 
470 
295 
133 
42 
119 
3 

33 

32 

1 


607 


679 
466 
305 
116 
45 
109 
4 

28 
28 


15  years 

but  leas 
than  20. 


584 
476 
297 
130 
49 
100 


328 


308 
257 
168 
74 
25 
48 
3 

20 
19 
1 


283 


276 
219 
139 
66 
24 
52 
5 


20  years 
and 
over. 


1,183 


1,141 
954 
605 
237 
112 
179 


638 


617 

616 

328 

139 

49 

97 

4 

21 
21 


546 


624 
438 
277 
98 
63 
82 
4 

21 

21 


Time 
un- 
known. 


12,166 


11,186 
6,988 
3,632 
2,014 
1,342 
3,586 
612 


920 
15 
4S 


7,442 


6,896 
4,225 
2,197 
1,258 

772 
2,295 

378 

546 
497 


4,724 


4,290 

2,763 

1,436 

768 

670 

1,291 

236 

434 
423 


27622°— 14 11 


163 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  28.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  WERE  DISCHARGED  OR  TRANSFERRED,  OR 


DIVISION  OR  STATE. 

INSANE  IN  HOSPITAIS  IN  1910. 

White. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

Transferred  to  in.sti- 
tutions  not  Jor  the 
insane. 

Transferred  to  other  hospitals  for  the  insane. 

Committed  prior 

to  1910. 

Committed  in 

1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

1 

27.614 

15,261 

12,353 

16,868 

9,939 

6,929 

279 

200 

79 

3,705 

1,849 

1,866 

1,467 

894 

673 

Geographic  divisions: 

New  England 

? 

3,308 
6,706 
6,501 
3,380 
2,507 
1,093 
1,351 
646 
1,463 

1,666 

3,607 

3,661 

1,869 

1,436 

985 

753 

456 

933 

1,642 

3,198 

2,850 

1,511 

1,131 

708 

698 

190 

625 

1,985 

4,707 

4,004 

2,066 

1,377 

749 

681 

359 

940 

1,084 

2,  .591 

2,423 

1,304 

808 

415 

3S3 

264 

667 

901 

2,116 

1,681 

762 

569 

334 

298 

95 

273 

61 
26 
43 
69 
20 
12 
6 
7 
66 

36 

23 

34 

36 

15 

7 

3 

2 

44 

15 
3 
9 

23 
5 
6 
2 
5 

12 

5!S 

749 

1,155 

832 

140 

29 

78 

193 

11 

273 

389 

602 

332 

67 

17 

23 

146 

11 

245 
3C0 

653 
50O 
83 
12 
65 
48 

232 

334 

311 

311 

98 

26 

56 

71 

28 

104 
196 
190 
23S 
61 
17 
27 
48 
23 

128 
138 
121 
73 
47 
9 
29 
23 
6 

3 

Middle  A tlantic 

4 

fi 

West  North  Central 

A 

7 

East  South  Central 

8 

West  South  Central 

9 

Mountain 

10 

New  England: 

11 

212 
1/2 
163 
1,885 
279 
637 

3,812 

813 

2,080 

1,817 
661 
1,906 
1,099 
1,118 

719 

802 

1,162 

60 

75 

146 

416 

66 

587 
233 
380 
259 
365 
214 
409 
64 

601 
439 
396 
257 

91 
163 
418 
679 

114 
89 
18 

269 
2S 
45 
53 
30 

458 
303 
702 

118 
66 

S8 
918 
161 
326 

1,967 

403 

1,137 

1,037 
261 

1,110 
689 
648 

426 
423 
610 
38 
46 
90 
236 

31 

309 
180 
205 
137 
165 
114 
256 
39 

345 
278 
225 
137 

52 

75 

248 

378 

84 
66 
12 
177 
20 
38 
36 
23 

304 
201 
433 

94 

76 

65 

967 

128 

312 

1,847 
410 
943 

780 
300 
790 
510 
470 

293 

379 
652 
22 
29 
66 
180 

25 
278 

53 
175 
122 
200 
100 
153 

25 

256 
161 
171 
120 

39 
88 
170 
301 

30 
23 

6 
92 

8 

7 
17 

7 

154 

102 
269 

166 
145 
110 
1,128 
133 
303 

2,686 

681 

1,440 

1,108 
415 

1,304 
690 
487 

381 
486 
636 
63 
74 
172 
264 

38 
268 
198 
222 
162 
123 

95 
216 

66 

34« 
166 
143 
94 

96 
131 
132 
322 

70 
33 
10 
110 
38 
43 
36 
19 

216 
148 
876 

83 

79 
62 

620 
73 

167 

1,465 
335 
791 

687 
262 
753 
423 
298 

248 
301 
371 
39 
60 
114 
ISl 

20 
140 
160 
130 
90 
63 
68 
HI 
36 

196 
94 
73 
53 

54 
63 
80 
186 

68 
23 

7^ 
32 
35 
19 
12 

165 
114 

388 

83 

66 
48 

508 
60 

136 

1,221 

246 
649 

421 
153 

551 
267 
189 

133 
185 
266 
14 
24 
58 
83 

18 
128 
38 
92 
72 
60 
37 
104 
20 

151 
72 
70 
41 

42 
68 
62 
136 

12 
10 

4 
31 

6 

8 
17 

7 

51 
34 

188 

33 

3 

6 

431 

9 

36 

618 
47 
84 

15 

464 

39 

61 

586 

166 

28 

622 

9 

14 
2 
3 
233 
3 

18 

320 
23 
46 

6 

203 

24 

32 

337 

93 

13 

216 

5 

19 
1 
3 
198 
6 

18 

298 
24 
38 

9 

261 

15 

19 

249 

72 

15 

406 

4 

6 
11 

1 
121 
20 
73 

243 

7 
84 

48 

42 
38 
78 
106 

10 

45 

208 

2 

1 

1 

6 

1 

49 

11 

36 

143 
6 
47 

27 
18 
31 
60 
64 

4 

31 

172 

2 

1 

6 
5 

■■■72' 

9 

37 

100 

1 

37 

21 
24 
7 
28 
41 

6 
14 
36 

1? 

New  Hampshire 

2 

1 

1 

n 

14 

Massachusetts 

46 

34 

12 

in 

ir. 

-  '  Connecticut 

3 

13 

7 
6 

7 

1 

13 
6 
4 

3 

2 

i' 

2 

4 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

1H 

New  Jersey 

19 

?n 

East  Noeth  Central: 

?i 

?? 

Illinois 

22 
7 

7 

1 
11 
44 

20 
6 
5 

1 

7 
26 

2 

1 
2 

i' 

18 

71 

Michigan 

?4 

?'i 

West  North  Centeal: 

Minnp'^'iti^              

76 

Iowa 

?7 

?8 

North  Dakota 

?9 

South  Dakota 

in 

1 

2 

i' 

1 

31 

8 

S 

3 

46 

28 

17 

V> 

South  Atlantic: 

f? 

Marviand       

is 

3 

8 
3 

6 

M 

6 
2 

1 
75 

27 
2 

1 

25" 

27 

4 

1 

1 

60 

58 
16 

27 

16 

31 

1 

34 

IS 

District  of  Cohimbla. 

16 

4 

4 

1 
8 

2 

1 
6 

17 

IS 

South  Carolina 

19 

2 

2 

14 

1 

18 
7 

6 

1 

11 
6 

8 

7 

1 

Florida 

41 

East  South  Centbal: 

6 
7 

5 
2 

6 

27 
2 

15 
2 

12 

f 

Tennessee 

41 

Alabama           ...         .  . 

1 

1 

West  South  Central: 

46 

1 
1 
3 

1 
2" 

i" 

1 

46 

1 

32 

6 

1 
16 

39 

ie' 

25 
3 

28 

8 

1 
IS 

17 
2 
10 

47 

Oklahoma 

4S 

49 

Mountain: 

45 

34 

11 

f,] 

Wvomlne                     

1'' 

Colorado 

7 

2 

5 

I4S 

111 

37 

70 

48 

22 

51 

New  Mexico 

M 

1 

1 

ns 

Utah  

66 

67 

Pacific: 

1 

1 

26 

1 

1 

21 

i' 

■iS 

Oregon 

44 

12 

35 
9 

9 
3 

64 

Cplifnmia     

11 

11 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

WHO  DIED  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  COLOR  AND  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


163 


INSANE  m  HOSPITALS  IN  1910— Continued . 

Colored. 

Discharged. 

Died. 

II 

Transferred  to  institutions 
not  lor  tlie  insane. 

Transferred  to  other  hospitals  for  the  insane. 

Committed  prior  to  1910. 

Committed  in  1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1,690 

932 

758 

2,050 

1,106 

950 

26 

23 

3 

98 

47 

51 

34 

29 

5 

1 

35 
166 
108 

90 
059 
357 
173 

20 

82 

25 
83 
67 
55 
330 
190 
88 
18 
76 

10 
83 
41 

35 
329 
167 
85 
2 
6 

35 
175 
119 

94 
950 
4S4 
145 

13 

41 

21 

87 

81 

61 

507 

224 

84 

7 

34 

14 

88 

38 

33 

443 

260 

61 

6 

7 

2 
1 

12 
7 
3 

2 
1 

11 
5 
3 

9 
21 
18 

7 

9 
9 
15 
2 

i 

2 
12 

9 
26 

1 

1 
2 
2 
25 
2 
1 

1 
1 
2 
23 
1 

1 

3 

i 

1 
2 

2 
1 

1 

S 
6 
7 
S 
9 
10 

i 

1 

4 

1 

3 
1 

1 

1 

1 

11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 

17 

18 
19 

20 

21 

1 

1 

1 

1 

27 
2 
6 

70 
29 
67 

3S 
15 
41 
9 
5 

3 
4 
So 

19 
2 
4 

3) 
17 
35 

23 
6 

31 
4 
3 

3 

2 

36 

8 

23 
3 
8 

57 
21 
97 

39 
20 
48 
9 
3 

4 
10 
49 

12 
3 
5 

34 

9 

44 

26 
15 
31 
8 

1 

3 

7 
31 

11 

1 

1 

9 

7 

2 

1 

1 

2 

39 
12 
32 

15 
0 

10 
5 
2 

3 

23 
12 
53 

13 
5 

17 
1 
2 

1 
3 

18 

. 

1 

1 

17 
3 

1 

6 
2 
1 

11 

1 

2 

1 

1 

11 

1 
2 

4 

1 

5 

6 

1 

12 

11 

1 

2 

2 

2 
2 

1 

23 
24 

2S 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 

2 

2 
19 

7 

5 

2" 

39 

1 

13 
1 

2« 

22 

20 

2 

2 

1 
25 

7 
50 
67 

158 
13 
98 

122 
97 
47 

66 
131 
41 

119 

5 
S3 
41 
74 

6 

s 

2 

1 

11 

1 
25 
29 
76 

5 
61 
56 
50 
26 

34 

62 
11 
60 

4 

23 

20 
38 

1 

7 

2 

22 

10 
53 
81 
199 
12 
91 
202 
240 
62 

78 
79 
184 
143 

22 
55 
23 
45 

2 

4 

2 

14 

3 

27 
46 

109 

8 

52 

92 

130 
40 

57 
25 
84 
58 

14 
32 
14 
24 

2 

3 

14 

6 
25 
38 
82 

8 
37 
66 
47 
21 

32 
69 
30 
59 

1 
30 
21 
36 

5 
5 

8 

7 
26 
35 
90 

4 
39 

no 

110 
22 

21 
54 
100 
85 

8 
23 

9 
21 

3 

3 

i 

1 

i 

1 

1 

i 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

■^s 

40 

1 

1 

1 

1 

42 

43 

44 

1 

1 

46 



48 

49 

' 

1 

50 

1 
5 
1 
1 
1 
2 

4 
S 
32 

1 
2 
1 

51 

50 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 



53 
54 

55 

1 
1 

4 ! 

12 

1 

1 
3 

11 

1 

1 

1 

I 

1 
1 

1 

3 

S 

26 

1 

1 

58 

70 

65 

5 

6 

1 

1 

i 

1 

164 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  29.— MALE  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED  IN  1910, 


1 

rntSlON  OR  STATE. 

male  insajte  in  hospitals  who  died  in  1910. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

1 
Total. 

Age  at  death. 

Under 

15 
years. 

15  to 
19 

years. 

20to2l 
years. 

25  to  29 
years. 

3D  to  34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

50  to  54 
years. 

55  to  69 
years. 

60  to  64 
years. 

65  years 
and 
over. 

Age 
un- 
known. 

1 

11,045 

9,939 

16 

78 

233 

376 

685 

893 

987 

965 

1,097 

837 

894 

2,699 

179 

GEOGEAPmc  divisions: 

•t 

1,105  I 

2,678  1 

2,504  j 

1,365 

1,315 

639 

467  1 

271 

701 

1,084 

2,591 

2,423 

1,304 

808 

415 

383 

264 

667 

3 
2 
2 

i' 

2 

2 

i' 

9 
15 
13 
14 
9 
2 
9 
4 
3 

16 
65 
48 
3D 
28 
13 
14 
6 
13 

30 
89 
90 
52 
32 
23 
22 
7 
31 

63 
188 
150 
88 
63 
30 
34 
28 
61 

87 
252 
219 
116 
57 
41 
35 
30 
56 

113 

277 
252 
111 
64 
43 
43 
28 
56 

106 
282 
232 
139 
45 
33 
36 
26 
66 

135 
283 
263 
138 
88 
52 
36 
30 
72 

104 
229 
216 
93 
57 
36 
36 
17 
49 

108 
221 
198 
129 
82 
39 
31 
23 
63 

306 

667 

698 

355 

262 

90 

78 

59 

184 

4 
21 
42 
39 
27 
11 
7 
6 
22 

3 

4 

<i 

West  North  central      ......... 

a 

7 

East  Soutli  Central 

s 

9 

Mountain .. 

in 

Paoiflc 

New  England: 

11 

83 
80 
62 

632 
76 

172 

1,499 

344 
835 

713 
277 
784 
431 
299 

251 
308 
402 
39 
54 
116 
195 

23 
167 
206 
239 

98 
115 
150 
241 

76 

252 
119 
157 
HI 

68 
95 
94 
210 

60 
23 
6 
82 
32 
36 
19 
13 

168 
119 
414 

83 
79 
62 

620 
73 

167 

1,465 
335 
791 

687 
262 
753 
423 
298 

248 
301 
371 
39 
50 
114 
181 

20 
140 
160 
130 
90 
63 
58 
111 
36 

195 
94 
73 
53 

54 
63 
80 
186 

58 
23 
6 
79 
32 
35 
19 
12 

165 
114 
388 

1 

2 
3 
1 

7 

3 
2 

1 

19 
1 
4 

40 
10 
39 

21 
9 
32 
15 
13 

9 
15 
18 
1 
1 
3 
6 

2 
5 
6 
3 
6 
1 
3 
4 
2 

14 
5 
3 
1 

1 
4 

7 
10 

4 
6 
2 

35 
6 

10 

96 
25 
67 

41 
20 
48 
20 
21 

21 
22 
20 
4 
4 
2 
15 

3 
15 
6 

14 
1 
1 
6 
5 
3 

14 
6 
6 

4 

5 
9 
8 
12 

9 

1 

8 
4 
8 

46 
6 

15 

145 
33 

74 

76 
26 
61 
23 
33 

25 
25 
26 
6 
3 
15 
16 

1 
11 
6 
12 
6 
4 
7 
9 
1 

17 

14 
8 
2 

8 
6 
3 
19 

8 
2 

9 
11 

5 
59 

9 
20 

158 
33 
86 

71 
34 
76 
38 
33 

26 
21 
30 
3 
7 
10 
14 

3 
10 
7 
6 
6 
13 
5 
12 
2 

22 
8 
6 

7 

3 
6 
9 
25 

10 
2 

9 
8 
3 
61 
10 
15 

156 
43 
83 

61 
24 

87 
34 
26 

30 
27 
40 
6 
6 
8 
22 

10 
8 
2 
85 
11 
19 

169 
31 
83 

78 
38 
82 
34 
31 

35 
32 
35 
4 
1 
15 
16 

f 
3 

60 
6 

23 

125 
31 
73 

67 
21 

80 
29 
19 

21 
24 
24 

2' 

8 
14 

3 
5 
5 

10 
6 
5 
7 

12 
4 

14 
11 
6 
6 

4 

5 

5 

22 

i' 

11 

7 
11 

60 

4 
15 

124 
25 
72 

54 
16 
62 
36 
30 

25 
26 
46 
2 
4 
8 
18 

2 
14 
21 
13 
3 
6 
3 
15 
5 

18 
6 

7 
8 

5 
7 
2 
17 

4 
2 

21 
22 

24 
179 
20 
40 

409 
83 
175 

198 
61 
186 
168 
85 

45 
94 
92 
6 
22 
39 
58 

5 
45 
81 
41 
30 
14 
14 
25 

7 

49 
18 
7 
16 

10 
10 
22 
36 

12 
10 
2 
15 

6 
6 
4 

6 

33 
36 
115 

i' 

1 
2 

s 

6 
11 

8 
7 
12 
12 
3 

1 

8 
21 
6 

3" 

1 
2 
3 
1 

16 
1 
1 
1 
1 

7 
3 

1 

2 
3 
2 

1 

2 

1 
I 

1 

6 
11 
5 

1? 

n 

2 

1 
5 

14 

I'i 

16 

1 

i' 

1 

1 

2 

4 
2 
9 

1 

3 

34 
13 
18 

10 
6 
20 

8 
4 

6 
3 
13 
2 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

18 

19 

W 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio              

?1 

?? 

::::::: 

1 

7 
5 

?1 

Michigan                           .. 

?4 

?5 

West  North  Central: 

4 
4 
6 

?6 

n 

''R 

?9 

30 

3 
3 

31 

3? 

South  Atlantic: 

31 

1 

i" 

1 
1 
2 

5 
1 
8 
4 

14 

7' 

2 

12 

8 
8 
5 

4 

6 

6 

20 

6 

2' 

9 
3 
4 
2 

12 
16 
15 

8 
11 

7 
13 

6 

22 
11 

14 
5 

7 
6 
9 
15 

8 
4 
2 
ID 
3 
3 

14 

District  of  Columbia 

If) 

Virginia 

36 

We'^t  Virginia 

37 

38 

South  Carolina 

i' 

1 

1 

3 

1 
1 

1 

3 
6 
1 

4 
4 
5 

39 

40 

Florida 

41 

East  South  Central: 

4? 

Tennessee 

43 

i 

1 

44 

Mississippi 

4'i 

West  South  Centrai,: 

A  ftf^n^s  

1 

i' 

1 

1 
1 
3 
4 

4 
2 
3 

5 

46 

47 

4S 

Texas 

49 

Mountain: 

Montanfl 

50 

Idaho 

1 

51 

W  voniing 

62 

1 
1 

3' 

2 

3 

1 

3' 

8 
5 
1 
2 
2 

15 
9 
27 

7 
5 
6 

1 
1 

14 
10 
32 

9 

4' 

2 
1 

13 
9 
34 

7 
2 
4 
1 
2 

13 
2 
34 

8 
3 
4 

1 
1 

10 
15 
38 

63 

54 

Arizona 

56 

Utah 

2 

66 

67 

r.vcmc: 

Wft.<;hin£tiwi , 

i' 

1 
1 

1 

7 
2 
4 

13 
2 
16 

21 
10 
35 

19 

7 

46 

58 

Orpgon ... 

59 

CRlirnrnin 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

CLASSIFIED  BY  COLOR  AND  AGE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


165 


MALE  DJSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED  IN  1910— Continued. 

Colored. 

Total. 

Age  at  death. 

Under  15 
years. 

15  to  19 
years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

25  to  29 
years. 

30  to  34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

SO  to  54 
years. 

55  to  59 
years. 

60  to  61 
years. 

65  years 
and  over. 

Age  un- 
known. 

1,100 

12 

47 

70 

90 

lOO 

98 

Ill 

89 

112 

70 

90 

179 

38 

1 

21 

S7 

81 

61 

.'i07 

224 

84 

7 

34 

1 
1 

1 
2 
1 
1 
40 
18 
7 

2 

0 
5 
3 
42 
23 
7 

1 

6 

I 
50 
19 
10 

1 

2 

13 
6 
2 

43 

18 
7 
1 
6 

3 

15 

10 

7 

41 

19 

10 

1 

5 

3 

8 
8 
10 
34 
15 
7 

2 
11 

8 

3 
49 
28 

7 

2 

12 
6 

4 
42 
15 
5 
2 
2 

2 
4 
17 
13 
95 
29 
14 

2 
1 
3 

0 
7 
13 
2 

o 

8 
10 
4 
26 
12 
6 
2 
2 

il 

2 
27 
15 

1 

11 

6 

7 

1 

8 

n 

2 

4 

4 

5 

4 

10 

11 

1 

1 

1' 

11 

12 
3 
6 

34 

9 

44 

26 
l.'i 
31 
8 
1 

3 

7 

31 

2 

1 
1 

1 
1 
1 

5 

1 
9 

4 
3 
2 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

2 

14 

1 

1>i 

1 

1 

1 

1 
4 

1 

5 

1 
6 

1A 

3 
2 

1 

1 

1 
3 

3 

1 
2 

2 
2 
2 

6 
1 
6 

4 
1 
1 

1 
2 
5 

2 

1 
5 

3 

2 

1 
1 

7 
2 
4 
4 

1 

17 

18 

1 

1 

7 

3 

1 
4 

5 

3 
1 
6 

1« 

fO 

3 
1 

2 

71 

1 

2 
1 

?? 

?3 

1 
2 

?4 

1 

25 

3 
5 

2 
2 

2 

5 

?A 

1 

2 

1 

5 

2 

4 

4 

n 



28 

4 
2 
14 

3 

27 
4fi 

100 
8 
62 
92 

130 
40 

57 
2.5 
81 

58 

14 

32 
14 
24 

2 

1 



1 

1 

1 
1 

TO 

1 
1 

30 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 
5 
7 
1 
4 
12 
9 
2 

3 
3 
12 
5 

2 
3 
1 
1 

3 

1 

1 

6 

31 

1 
2 

32 

3 
5 
10 
1 
6 
10 
10 
5 

6 

3 

0 
9 
1 
5 
9 
5 
5 

4 

1 

7 
6 

3 

4 
7 
1 
3 
2 
15 
6 

5 
2 
6 
6 

4 

ll 
1 
5 
8 

12 
3 

11 
5 
8 
4 

4 

3 
11 

6 
14 
23 

33 

3 
9 
2 
2 
5 
8 
5 

6 

4 

8 

34 

1 

3 

7 

35 

1 
2 
3 

36 

5 
6 

n 

7 
8 
14 

1 

3 
1 

7 
7 

3 
2 

1 
1 

2 
4 
5 
3 

3 
2 
3 
4 

2 
2 

1 
1 

1 

3 
6 
12 
3 

4 

2 
« 
3 

2 
2 

1 

8 
12 
26 

6 

8 

7 

37 

7 
3 

38 

39 

1 

3 

1 
9 

40 

1 
1 

7 

a 

41 

4? 

7 
6 

4 
2 

5 
4 

1 
2 
2 
2 

43 

44 

45 

1 

1 

4 

1 
2 

1 

5 

1 
4 

4 

3 
6 
a 

1 

46 
47 

4 

3 

1 

48 

49 

50 

51 

3 

1 

i 

■■ 

1 

52 



53 

1 



1 



54 

55 

1 

3 
5 

26 

1 

56 

1 

1 
1 

3 

1 

,57 

1 
3 

1 
3 

1 
4 

1 
3 

,58 

2 

5 

2 

1 

,59 

166 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  30.— FEMALE  INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED  IN  1910, 


DIVISION  OE  3TATE. 

FEMALE  mSANE  IS  BO.'PITAIS 

WHO  DIED  IK  1910. 

gate. 

.White. 

Total. 

Age  at  death. 

Under 

15 
years. 

15  to 

19 
years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

23  to  29 
years. 

30ti34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

.50  to  .'54 
years. 

55  to  .59 
years. 

60  to  64 
years. 

65  years 
nntl 
over. 

Age 
un- 
known. 

1 

7.R79 

6,929 

11 

57 

195 

330 

458 

577 

5S2 

6S6 

573 

523 

580 

2,328 

123 

GKOORAPHIC  DIVIRIOKS: 

? 

915 

2.204 
l,lil9 

1,012 
594 
3.59 
101 
280 

901 

2.  HO 
1,581 
702 
569 
334 
29S 
95 
273 

i' 

3 

i 

2' 

1 



3 
14 

7 
5 
10 
7 
6 
3 
2 

20 

58 
43 
2« 
10 
13 
15 
1 
7 

28 
108 
06 
47 
27 
20 
17 
5 
18 

65 
103 
99 
59 
40 
35 
32 
6 
17 

SI 
IfiO 
134 
04 
46 
44 
46 
15 
17 

71 
170 
133 
63 
41 
27 
37 
10 
23 

03 
176 
147 

c- 

37 
33 
27 

8 
26 

71 
172 
150 
03 
45 
32 
18 
7 
15 

74 
105 
133 
68 
42 
24 
21 

15 

84 
19! 
120 
03 
49 
17 
22 
7 
23 

365 
770 
52S 
214 
193 
73 
52 
2S 
9!) 

4 

18 
29 
28 
25 
9 
3 
3 
4 

^ 

Middle  Atlantic        

it 

East  North  Centra! 

5 

West  North  Central 

6 

7 

8 

West  South  Central.             .  . 

9 

10 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine 

11 

83 
60 
48 

619 
CO 

139 

1,214 
2.5S 
702 

434 
15."! 
56S 
208 
191 

134 

1S8 
2S.3 
14 
27 
58 
91 

25 
154 

73 
182 

70 

99 
147 
214 

42 

172 
120 
170 
120 

50 
91 
01 
157 

12 
10 

5 
33 

7 

8 
18 

8 

52 
34 
194 

83 

60 
48 

508 
CO 

130 

1,221 
246 
C49 

421 
153 
551 
207 
189 

1?3 
153 
205 
14 
24 
58 
83 

IS 
128 
38 
92 
72 
CO 
37 
104 
20 

151 
72 
70 
41 

42 
08 
52 
130 

12 
10 

4 
31 

0 

8 
17 

7 

51 
34 

188 

1 
2 
2 
11 

4 
3 
2 
13 
4 
2 

62 
13 
31 

12 
4 
28 
12 
10 

3 

14 
15 

2 

8 
6 

0 

3 
31 

5 
13 

57 
'5 
33 

25 
10 
41 
13 

8 

11 
14 
21 

1 
1 
4 
7 

2 
C 

34' 

5 
4 

94 
22 
44 

30 

15 
63 
18 
18 

12 
16 
17 

1 
9 

7 

1 
5 

10 
3 

6 

36 

7 

9 

114 
15 
41 

33 
12 
53 
20 
17 

14 
13 
18 
1 
4 
0 
7 

1 

11 
2 

8 
2 
8 
2 
C 
1 

11 
4 

10 
2 

9 
7 
10 
11 

2 

i' 

2 

3 
5 

2 

40 

3 

0 

105 
17 
54 

38 
U 
47 
27 
21 

16 
16 
21 
2 
4 
2 
0 

1 
7 
4 
8 

4' 

4 
9 

14 
6 

10 
3 

3 
0 
5 
13 

1 

1 

2 

7 
7 
S 
41 
3 
8 

90 
20 
02 

31 
20 

26 
13 

15 
11 
23 

5 

7 
2 

2 
10 

3 
10 

5 
5 

i' 

3 

14 
C 
5 

7 

3 
4 
3 
8 

9 

7 
2 
43 

1 
12 

107 
14 
44 

29 
12 
42 
20 
14 

13 
13 
20 

1 

5 

0 

1 

10 
6 
7 
2 
7 
1 
8 

5 

5 
5 

4S 

14 

109 
20 
04 

41 
13 
41 
16 
9 

11 

1.1 
23 
1 
2 
3 
8 

2 
15 
2 

8 
8 
2 

1 
11 

34 

20 
21 
201 
23 
04 

437 
% 
243 

163 
38 

105 
90 
72 

29 

% 

3 

3 

10 

30 

7 
50 
18 
30 
22 
12 
18 
29 

38 
13 
10 
12 

3 

15 

7 

27 

4 
3 

1 

10 
1 
2 
5 
2 

14 
11 
74 

2 
1 

i" 

8 
5 
5 

8 
7 
4 
9 

1 

4 
4 
19 

i" 

2" 

1 

6 
U 

4' 

i' 

7 
2 

i' 

1 
1 

?■ 

2" 

2 

1? 

n 

Vermont                           .      . .  • 

14 

3 

1*1 

ifi 

4 

32 
5 
21 

9 
8 
15 
5 
0 

5 
0 
9 
3 
2 
1 
2 

2 
1 



i 

3 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

i' 

0 
2 
0 

2 

18 

New  Jersey       .          

If) 

•>n 

East  Noeth  Central: 

Ohio                     

?i 

r* 

Illinois      

2 
3 

?i 

''1 

West  North  Central: 

?f» 

1 

2' 

?7 

Missouri 

99 

^fl 

Nebraska. ...        

1 
1 

1 
2 

1 
1 
1 
3 

V 

?•* 

South  Atlantic: 

n 

5 
1 
2 
0 
3 
2 
6 
2 

7 
5 
0 
2 

3 
3 
3 
8 

11 

?i 

District  of  Columbia 

ss 

3 
3 

8 
2 
11 
2 

19 
8 
3 
5 

3 
4 

5 
20 

3 

7 
12 

7 
3 
9 
2 

18 
10 
11 
5 

9 
12 

8 
17 

1 
3 
1 
3 
2 
1 
1 
3 

4 
3 
10 

?fi 

West  Virginia 

^7 

North  Carolina 

1 

?fi 

7ft 

Georgia 

3 

1 

2 

1 

3 
1 
3 

3 

5 
4 
3 

1 

5 
2 
3 
5 

41 

East  South  Central: 

10 
8 
4 
2 

s' 

2 
11 

5 
5 
5 
2 

2 
5 
3 
12 

4? 

Tennessee      

41 

45 

West  South  Central: 

Arkanftft^         

i 

i' 

2 

2' 

2 

1 

46 

47 

OUahoma 

4R 

Mountain: 

i' 

2 

1 

2 

h'> 

Colorado .           .         ... 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

1 

2 

M 

3 
2 

2 
2 

Fi=> 

Utah 

1 

1 

4 

1 
2 

3 
3 

19 

fi6 

57 

Pacific: 

WaahingtATi 

2 

4 

1 
2 

3 
2 
13 

4 
4 

9 

0 
2 
21 

3 
2 
21 

5 
3 

7 

4 

1 

10 

18 

*^9 

rftllfnmlsk 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

CLASSIFIED  BY  COLOR  AND  AGE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


167 


FEMALE  raSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED  DJ   1910— COntiDUed. 

Colored. 

Total. 

Ago  at  death. 

Under  15 
years. 

15  to  19 
years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

25  to  29 
years. 

30  to  34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

.50  to  54 
years. 

53  to  59 
years. 

60  to  04 
years. 

65  years 
and  o\er. 

Age  un- 
known. 

950 

5 

33 

93 

US 

103 

105 

84 

70 

64 

50 

51 

130 

32 

1 

14 

SS 

3S 

33 

443 

2i;o 

61 
G 
7 

1 

1 

4 
2 
» 

53 
45 
7 

1 

11 
2 
2 
42 
32 
9 
2 
2 

1 
15 

5 

3 
47 
28 

6 

1 

8 
4 
4 

36 
25 
5 

1 
6 
4 
4 

40 
14 
0 

1 
8 
G 

3 
4 

2 
2 
20 
13 
6 

4 

19 
5 
7 
03 
27 
4 
1 

? 

1 

0 
4 

1 
49 
26 

7 

5 
3 

1 
1 
1 

14 
9 
4 
2 

S 

;:::: 

4 

1 

3 

3 

15 
9 
3 

1 
1 

5 

27 
19 
3 

28 

13 

1 

6 

g 

9 

1 

1 

1 

1 

10 

11 

1' 

n 

11 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

3 

14 

15 

3 

23 
12 
53 

13 
5 

17 
1 
2 

1 
3 
18 

1 
2 

1 
3 

1 

S 
2 
12 

2 
1 

1 

16 

1 

2 

1 
3 

1 

3 

1 
7 

1 

3 
2 
10 

1 
1 
2 

3 
1 
4 

1 

17 

2 
2 

1 

2 
3 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1 
1 

5 

1 

6 

2 

1 
3 

Iff 

1 

90 

?1 

3 

4 

3 

1 

■)•> 

1 

or^ 

1 

1 

74 

1 
1 
2 

'5 

i 
1 

1 
3 

?fi 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

■'7 

?8 

3 

1 

1 

1 

79 



fiO 

8 

7 
23 
35 
90 
4 
39 
110 
110 
22 

21 
54 
lOO 
85 

S 

23 

9 

21 

1 

1 

1 
i 
2 
5 

1 

1 

4 

1 
4 
8 
17 
1 
6 
14 
11 
2 

C 

7 
6 
8 

1 
2 

11 

2 
4 

I 

1 
1 
4 
8 

1 
4 
2 
8 

1 
1 
3 
11 

V 

2 

1 
3 

1 

3 

7 

3 
3 

8 

1 
2 
7 

1 

1 

11 

5 

8 

14 

15 

3 

1 
6 

16 

4 
12 
16 

2 

1 
7 
10 
8 

1 
2 
1 
3 

4 
23 
11 

3 

2 
5 
18 
20 

1 
3 

2 

1 

8 
10 
8 
2 

1 
8 
9 
14 

7 
12 
14 

3 

2 
9 
13 
4 

1 
3 
2 

2 

10 
8 
1 

2 
6 
10 
7 

1 
1 
1 
2 

1 

6 
16 
4 

2 
1 
5 
6 

2 
3 

2 
7 
8 

1 
5 
3 

1 

1 
1 
6 
5 

4 

2 
8 
1 

2 

3 
5 
3 

2 
1 

2 
6 

1 

38 
19 

2 

1 

40 

(1' 

1 
4 
6 
8 

3 
4 
2 

1 

4'' 

8 

41 

44 

45 

4 

1 
4 

2 

2 

1 
3 

1 
1 
2 

46 

47 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4S 

44 

50 

1 
2 
1 

1 

51 

1 

1 
1 

5? 

51 

54 

1 
1 

1 

1 

Si 

1 

56 

1 

57 

5S 

C 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

59 

168 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 

Table  31.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  DIED  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED 


DIVISION  OE  STATE. 

All  causes. 

CAUSE  OP  DEATH. 

Typhoid 
lever. 

Dysen- 
tery. 

Erysipe- 

Tubercu- 
losis of  the 
lungs. 

Other 
forms  of 
tubercu- 
losis. 

Cancer 
and  other 
malignant 

tumors. 

Diabetes. 

Cerebral 
hemorrhage 

and 
soltening. 

General 
paralysis  of 
the  insane. 

1 

United  States 

Geogeaphic  DinsioKs: 

New  KPgb^Tirl 

18,924 

113 

145 

157 

2,433 

217 

282 

44 

1,147 

2,447 

•f. 

2,020 

4,8S3 

4,123 

2,160 

2,327 

1,233 

826 

372 

981 

9 
18 
13 
31 
16 

3 
17 

4 

2 

23 

7 

38 

10 

44 

12 

4 

3 

4 

20 

27 

42 

16 

23 

7 

14 

1 

7 

182 
595 
503 
306 
337 
233 
122 
17 
138 

24 
37 
71 
31 
24 
12 
4 
5 
9 

39 
71 
78 
28 
28 
11 
5 
3 
19 

174 
251 
237 
150 
132 
56 
44 
22 
81 

264 
844 
619 
263 
128 
73 
43 
83 
130 

3 

11 
16 
7 
6 

4 

East  North  Central 

■) 

West  North  Central 

fi 

South  Atlantic 

7 

East  South  CentraL 

S 

West  South  Central.                

1 
1 
2 

9 
10 

Mountain 

Pacifln 

New  Englamd: 

11 

166 
146 
110 
1,151 
136 
311 

2,743 

602 

1,537 

1,147 
435 

1,352 
699 
490 

385 
496 
6S5 
53 
81 
174 
286 

48 
321 
279 
421 
174 
214 
297 
455 
118 

424 
245 
327 
237 

lis 

186 
155 
367 

72 
33 
11 
115 
39 
44 
37 
21 

220 
153 
608 

1 

1 

1 

16 

IS 

'\ 
89 
20 
36 

348 
53 
194 

129 
31 

215 
66 
62 

79 
67 
85 
10 
14 
23 
23 

6 
34 

33 
63 
21 
43 
38 
76 
23 

83 
34 
57 
59 

25 
28 
8 
61 

3 

2 

1 

12 
13 
13 
83 
9 
44 

118 
40 
93 

69 
45 
59 
33 
32 

13 
58 
55 
1 
1 
8 
14 

2 
22 
17 
34 

9 
11 
12 
17 

8 

13 
29 
11 
3 

2 
9 
12 
21 

6 
2 

19 
15 
12 
141 
33 
44 

567 
115 
162 

169 
53 
246 
108 
43 

33 
66 
92 
6 
1 
27 
38 

S 
38 

12 

New  Hampshire 

. 

5 



13 

Vermont 

1 

29 

2 

6 

37 
9 
25 

15 

7 
31 
11 
14 

6 
12 
6 

14 

Massachusetts 

S 
1 

16 
1 

1 

2 
1 
4 

16 
5 

15 
1 
1 

1 
5 

1 

18 
4 

IS 

16 

P-onrepticiit 

1 

17 

1 
9 

11 
2 
8 

14 

7 

1 

i 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

NewYorli 

15 

21 
10 
6 

14 
23 
23 

6 
5 

10 

4 
7 

8 
1 
2 

9 
2 
3 
2 

IS 

New  Jersey 

19 

3 
2 

W 

East  Noeth  Centrat.; 

Ohio 

?1 

T"d)ana , 

W 

TIliiira<;, 

2 
3 
6 

IS 
5 
2 
4 

7? 

Mlf'hip^n 

?4 

?'i 

West  Noeth  Centbal: 

MinTie50f*\ 

1 
3 
3 

?fi 

Iowa 

n 

28 

North  Dakota. 

IX) 

South  Dakota 

1 

3 

4 
2 

-S 

3 
1 
5 

1 
2 

1 

3 

4 
5 
8 
2 

1 

30 

Nebraska 

31 

2 

2 

2 

32 

Sooth  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

33 

Maryland 

3 

2 

1 
1 
3 
S 

1 

1 

1 

31' 

9 
2 
1 

i 

* 

3 

34 

District  of  Columbia 

S.'i 

Virgini(4 

18 
12 
11 
15 
20 
11 

28 
23 
22 

16 

West.  Virginia  . .                                      ... 

5 

1 

37 

4 
2 
6 
1 

4 
1 
1 
1 

1 

2 

38 

South  Carolina 

39 

7 
2 

6 
3 
3 

3 
2 

2 
4 
2 
3 

40 

Florida 

1 

41 

East  South  Centeal: 

Kentucky 

5 

4? 

43 

Alfthflma 

1 
6 

1 

44 

Mississippi 

2 

4.'< 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

1 

6 
15 
10 
12 

28 
1 
2 

28 
5 

10 
5 
4 

22 
13 
95 

46 

Louisiana 

4 

4 

47 

Oklahoma. . 

1 
16 

1 
2 

7 
6 

48 

Texas 

1 

49 

Mountain: 

Montana.  „ 

1 

ff\ 

Idaho 

1 

1 

o1 

Wyoming 

2 
2 

1 

S? 

Colorado 

2 

1 

7 
1 
5 

1 

10 

ss 

i 

1 

S4 

Arizona 

1 

3 



M 

Utah 

1 

2 
2 

11 
24 
46 

.Vi 

Nevada 

1     .     . 

1 

2S 
U 
86 

57 

Pacific: 

4 

1 
2 

5 
2 

2 

2 

7 
10 

M 

Oregon. 

6« 

ralifnmia 

2 

4 

2 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

BY  CAUSE  OF  DEATH,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


169 


CAUSE  OF  DEATH— continued. 

other  forms 
of  mental 
alienation. 

Epilepsy. 

All  other 

diseases  of 

the  nervous 

system. 

Organic 
diseases  of 

the  heart. 

Diseases 
of  the 

arteries. 

Pneu- 
monia. 

Diarrhea 
and 

enteritis. 

Nephritis 
Bright'3 

disease. 

SeniUty. 

Suicide. 

Violent 
deaths. 

All  other 
causes. 

Cause 
unknown. 

1,179 

795 

438 

1,450 

755 

1,509 

497 

1,107 

1,084 

154 

150 

2,661 

160 

1 

77 

62 

41 

237 

118 

249 

87 

92 

84 

17 

11 

203 

7 

2 

296 

138 

liS 

413 

374 

574 

114 

394 

122 

40 

45 

418 

25 

3 

219 

146 

146 

295 

155 

308 

102 

166 

264 

36 

33 

606 

30 

4 

153 

107 

42 

143 

20 

118 

43 

150 

187 

16 

18 

300 

21 

5 

140 

110 

43 

153 

34 

130 

58 

133 

172 

14 

11 

536 

55 

fi 

lis 

103 

41 

74 

6 

27 

35 

76 

85 

8 

7 

241 

8 

7 

33 

59 

16 

45 

17 

44 

21 

34 

46 

2 

13 

212 

10 

8 

34 

22 

8 

19 

7 

12 

6 

11 

51 

4 

3 

53 

3 

9 

92 

48 

33 

71 

24 

47 

31 

ol 

73 

17 

9 

92 

1 

10 

11 
17 
11 
36 

4 
« 
3 
37 

3 
2 
2 

27 

36 
31 
13 

100 

U 
3 
9 

70 

13 

9 

7 

195 

12 
6 
6 

58 

3 
10 

7 
35 

3 

2 

11 

60 

2 
2 

1 
4 

1 

14 

9 

8 

131 

11 

1 

1? 

13 

6 

2 

14 

3 

9 

1 
11 

8 
49 

20 
5 

3 
22 

12 
25 

3 
5 

3 
5 

1 
3 

12 
29 

IS 

7 

5 

4 

16 

85 

53 

35 

281 

213 

403 

S3 

165 

23 

25 

,30 

207 

- 

17 

43 

24 

12 

41 

16 

79 

8 

50 

27 

6 

1 

64 

1 

18 

168 

61 

21 

91 

145 

92 

23 

179 

72 

9 

14 

147 

17 

19 

!« 

17 

46 

67 

25 

76 

30 

58 

91 

11 

14 

193 

2 

20 

28 

34 

25 

22 

4 

24 

20 

30 

12 

1 

4 

59 

4 

21 

38 

47 

37 

122 

62 

129 

24 

42 

44 

5 

4 

194 

2 

22 

25 

29 

28 

65 

02 

53 

26 

24 

47 

6 

6 

82 

3 

23 

45 

19 

10 

19 

2 

26 

2 

12 

70 

13 

5 

78 

19 

24 

16 

11 

9 

25 

2 

12 

3 

72 

26 

4 

2 

38 

3 

2,1 

30 
26 

15 
40 

10 

7 

41 
44 

2 
15 

28 
31 

18 
13 

16 
50 

34 
19 

3 
9 

87 
144 

10 
1 

V6 

7 

27 

8 
9 

42 

3 
6 
16 

16 

1 
4 
3 

8 

1 

2 

6 

24 

1 

5 
3 
6 
13 

1 
2 
1 
5 

1 
2 
3 

6 

8 
18 
29 
53 

1 

1 
6 
21 
23 

1 
2 
2 
2 

m 

2 

79 

3 
1 

30 

2 

31 

4 
28 

4 

11 

3 
20 

5 

17 

2 
7 

4 
28 

1 
31 

8 
45 

1? 

6 

5 

6 

2 

8 

33 

10 
25 

14 
21 

3 
9 

24 
43 

19 

1 

43 
23 

U 

2 

20 
26 

18 
35 

3 
1 

1 
1 

50 
60 

34 

14 

Xi 

23 

3 

7 

8 

1 

2 

2 

2 

17 

1 

1 

43 

5 

38 

29 
15 
3 
3 

80 

9 

18 

28 

2 

37 

16 
3 

32 
4 

24 

1 
4 
2 
1 

2 

5 
6 
20 
9 

12 

10 
3 
21 

12 
16 
24 
3 

.    14 

7 
27 
29 

7 

44 

3 

45 
129 
121 

35 

40 

1 

37 

3 

13 

2 
2 
2 

4 

3S 

24 
3 

3 

19 

40 

17 

3 

2 

41 

22 
8 
5 

a 

18 

10 
32 
24 

18 
14 

13 
4 

3 
1 

12 

28 
10 

8 
9 

3 
6 
6 

9 
8 

9 
12 
11 

5 

2 

4 
40 
IS 

8 

7 

20 
8 
13 

5 

13 

2 

1 

50 
89 
62 

14 
31 

5 

4? 

3 
1 

4? 

4 

2 

1 
4 

44 

41 

17 

1 

1 

48 

11 
13 

11 
16 

4 

8 

13 
15 

6 
21 

1 
13 

3 
16 

5 
23 

58 
109 

4 
5 

47 

1 

8 

48 

3 
5 
2 
U 

1 
3 

2 

6 
1 

6 
13 

1 
11 

1 

15 
3 
1 
6 

49 

1 

1 

2 

V) 

1 

2 

2 
4 

51 

10 

4 

3 

3 

6 

2 

1 

1 

.W 

4 

5 

2 
2 

1 

2 

2 

1 
1 

1 

16 
6 
29 

5 
3 
9 
3 

9 
14 
50 

1 

11 
11 
3 

26 
12 
54 

fil 

4 
5 
2 

13 
12 
46 

1 

1 

1 

'vl 

7 
2 

38 
25 
29 

3 

i1 

1 

1 

22 
2 
23 

1 
4 

16 

14 
6 
28 

1 

2 
3 
12 

3 

1 
5 

"17 

1 
23 

■■8 

32 

27 

1 

59 

170 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 

Table  32.— INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  WERE  DISCHARGED  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY 


DtnaON  OE  STATE. 

INS.INE  IN 

hospitals  dischakged  in  1910. 

TotaL 

Male. 

Female. 

White. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Condition  at  discharge. 

Improved  or  recovered. 

Unimproved. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

\ 

United  States    

29,304 

16, 193 

13,111 

27,614 

15,261 

12,353 

22,773 

12,458 

10,315 

4,207 

2,n8 

1,789 

Geogeaphic  DmsioNs: 

o 

3,343 

6,871 
6,609 
3,470 
3,226 
2,050 
1,524 
666 
1,545 

1,691 
3,590 
3,718 
1,924 
1,766 
1,175 
841 
474 
1,014 

1,652 

3,281 

2,S91 

1,546 

1,460 

875 

683 

192 

531- 

3,308 
6,705 
6,501 
3,380 
2,567 
1,693 
1,351 
646 
1,463 

1,666 

3,507 

3,651 

1,869 

1,436 

985 

753 

456 

938 

1,642 

3,198 

2,850 

1,511 

1,131 

708 

598 

190 

525 

2,493 
5,719 
5,233 
2,953 
2,117 
1,296 
1,158 
539 
1,265 

1,217 

2,946 

2,902 

1,633 

1,162 

761 

650 

383 

824 

1,276 

2,773 

2,331 

1,320 

965 

545 

508 

156 

441 

751 
827 
1,127 
377 
362 
359 
176 
85 
143 

420 

463 

662 

216 

214 

208 

93 

66 

87 

331 
364 
465 
162 
143 
151 
83 
29 
66 

1 

Middle  Atlantic 

.l 

East  Nortli  Central 

i 

West  North  Central 

ft 

Rnn*h  Aflsntip          

7 

s 

West  South  Central 

q 

in 

Pacific 

New  Enqlakd: 

Afajno 

n 

212 
142 
153 
1,912 
281 
643 

3,882 

842 

2,147 

1,855 
576 
1,947 
1,108 
1,123 

722 

806 

1,217 

60 

77 

147 

441 

63 
637 
300 
538 
272 
463 
336 
506 
111 

667 
670 
437 
376 

96 
216 
450 
753 

120 
94 
IS 

272 
28 
46 
54 
34 

470 
303 
772 

118 
66 
88 
937 
153 
329 

1,998 

420 

1,172 

1,060 
267 

1,147 
593 
651 

429 

425 

646 

38 

46 

90 

250 

37 
334 
218 
287 
115 
202 
ISO 
303 

60 

377 
347 
255 
196 

53 

105 
269 
414 

89 
71 
12 
180 
20 
39 
37 
26 

315 
201 

498 

94 

76 

65 

975 

128 

314 

1,884 
422 
975 

795 
309 
800 
515 
472 

293 
381 
571 
22 
31 
57 
191 

26 
303 

82 
251 
127 
261 
158 
203 

51 

290 
223 
182 
180 

43 
111 
190 
339 

31 

23 

6 

92 
S 
7 

17 
S 

155 
102 
274 

212 
142 
153 
1,885 
279 
637 

3,812 

813 

2,080 

1,817 
561 
1,906 
1,099 
1,118 

719 
802 
1,162 
60 
75 
146 
416 

56 
587 
233 
380 
259 
365 
214 
409 

64 

601 
439 
396 
257 

91 
163 
418 
679 

114 
89 
IS 

269 
28 
45 
53 
30 

458 
303 
702 

118 
66 
88 
918 
151 
325 

1,967 

403 

1,137 

1,037 

261 

1,116 

589 
648 

426 
423 
610 
38 
46 
90 
236 

31 
309 
ISO 
205 
137 
165 
114 
256 

39 

345 
278 
225 
137 

52 

75 

248 

378 

84 
66 
12 
177 
20 
3S 
36 
23 

304 
201 
433 

94 
78 
6-5 
967 
128 
312 

1,845 
410 
943 

780 
30O 
790 
510 
470 

293 
379 
552 
22 
29 
56 
180 

25 
278 

53 
175 
122 
200 
100 
153 

25 

256 
161 
171 
120 

39 

88 
170 
301 

30 

23 

6 

92 
8 
7 

17 
7 

154 
102 
269 

194 
112 
123 
1,374 
198 
492 

3,139 

702 

1,878 

1,664 

466 

1,487 

800 

916 

639 
734 
991 
46 
66 
122 
355 

43 
474 
151 
329 
220 
329 
161 
355 

55 

486 
369 
267 
174 

70 
113 
352 
623 

112 
72 
16 

199 
23 
43 
46 
28 

404 

279 
582 

110 
53 
73 
632 
103 
246 

1,587 

347 

1,012 

864 
221 
860 
436 
521 

377 

391 

527 

27 

41 

76 

194 

23 
246 
116 
175 
111 
152 

80 
217 

32 

266 
240 
157 
88 

39 

60 

209 

352 

82 
56 
10 
128 
16 
36 
33 
22 

271 
187 
366 

84 
59 
50 

742 
95 

246 

1,552 
355 
866 

70O 
245 
627 
364 
396 

262 
343 
464 
19 
26 
48 
161 

20 
228 

35 
154 
109 
177 

81 
138 

23 

220 
129 
110 
86 

31 

63 

143 

271 

30 
16 

7? 

I 
13 

6 

133 

92 
216 

17 
27 
26 

468 
77 

136 

570 
93 
164 

231 
82 
375 
278 
161 

78 
62 
160 
11 
8 
12 
56 

13 
94 
62 
28 
33 
30 
52 
54 
6 

110 
58 

129 
62 

21 

46 
59 
50 

2 
13 

8 
12 
11 
271 
45 
73 

313 

49 
101 

154 

34 

238 

139 

97 

43 
28 
78 
10 
4 
8 
39 

8 
50 
38 
11 
20 
10 
33 
39 

5 

74 
31 
68 
35 

13 
22 
35 
23 

2 
6 

9 
15 
15 
197 
32 
63 

257 
44 
63 

77 
43 
137 
139 
64 

30 
24 
82 

1 
4 
4 
17 

S 
44 
14 
17 
13 
20 
19 
15 

1 

36 
27 
61 
27 

8 
24 
24 
27 

I'' 

n 

Vermont  

14 

T, 

libode  Island.. 

in 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

IS 

New  Jersey 

19 

■'fl 

East  North  Centeal: 

Ohio 

''I 

Indiana 

ni 

Illinois 

l-^ 

Michigan 

?4 

71 

West  Noeth  Centeal: 

?fi 

Iowa.    .          

'T 

■?s 

North  Dakota 

■"fl 

South  Dakota 

in 

N<*hP^sk^ ...        

fii 

17 

Sooth  Atlantic: 

11 

Maryland. 

14 

Dlslxiot  of  Columbia  . 

1i 

Virginia 

Ifi 

17 

North  Carolina 

IS 

Smith  rarnlina.  . . . 

19 

4n 

Florida 

41 
42 
43 
44 

East  South  Centeal: 

Kentucky 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

45 

West  South  Centeal: 

41? 

T.npisi^nf^ 

47 

4f! 

TfxTn^s                    

4<) 

MOITNTAIN: 

M^nt^nf*                 

.10 

fil 

Idaho 

7 

■i") 

Colorado 

57 
4 

1 
7 

1 

4S 
20 
75 

41 
3 

1 
3 

'6 
1 

SI 

New  Xf  nTi(Vi .  ,  ,    . 

51 

Sfi 

Utah 

4 

1 

19 

8 

29 

fili 

17 

PAcmc: 

Washington 

29 
12 
46 

SS 

Ifl 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

COLOR,  SEX,  AND  CONDITION  AT  DISCHARGE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


171 


IX3ANE  IN  HOSPITALS  DISCHARGED  DJ  1910— Continued. 

Wlilte— Continued. 

Colored. 

Conditition  at  discharge— Continued. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Condition  at  discharge. 

Not  insane. 

Not  reported. 

Improved  or 
recovered. 

Unimproved. 

Not  insane. 

Not  reported. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

472 

302 

170 

162 

S3 

79 

1,690 

932 

758 

1,4GS 

801 

667 

190 

114 

76 

19 

11 

8 

13 

0 

7 

1 

47 

128 
112 
34 
70 
25 
12 
15 
29 

24 

85 
69 
14 
65 
18 
9 
12 
IS 

23 
43 
43 

20 
15 
7 
3 
3 
13 

17 
31 
29 
16 
18 
13 
5 
7 
26 

5 
13 
18 

7 

"8 

I 
11 

12 

18 
11 

1 
5 

4 
2 

15 

35 

166 

108 

90 

659 

357 

173 

20 

82 

25 
83 
67 
65 
330 
190 
88 
IS 
76 

10 
83 
41 
35 

329 

107 

85 

2 

6 

24 
148 
93 

78 
590 
285 
105 
IS 
67 

17 
70 
57 
49 
298 
147 
85 
16 
62 

7 

78 

36 

29 

292 

138 

80 

2 

6 

11 
16 
13 
U 
62 
66 
7 
2 
12 

8 
11 
8 
6 

28 
37 
3 
2 
11 

3 
5 
5 
5 
24 
29 
4 

■> 

2 
2 

1 
8 
3 

1 

2 
2 

i' 

3 

•? 

4 

1 
6 

i 

ij 

9 
3 

2 
3 

7 

6 
7 
8 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

10 

1 

1 

11 

3 
4 

28 
4 
g 

101 
S 
22 

21 
3 

38 
14 
36 

2 

7 
9 

1 

i 

4 

10 
3 
6 

66 
4 

15 

19 
1 

14 
9 

26 

1 
2 
3 

2 

T 

n 

18 
1 
2 

35 

1 
7 

2 
2 

24 
5 

10 

1 
5 
6 

1 

15 

5 

10 

27 
2 
6 

70 

29 
67 

33 
IS 
41 
9 
5 

3 
4 

55 

19 
2 
4 

31 
17 
35 

23 
6 

31 
4 
3 

3 

2 

36 

8 

18 

13 

5 

9 
2 

6 
2 

3 

14 



11 

1 

2 
13 

16 

1 
10 
6 
7 
S 

1 
3 

9 

s" 

4 
5 
4 

1 

1 

10 
7 

1 
5 
2 
2 

1 

2 

39 

12 
32 

15 
9 

10 
S 
2 

i' 

19 

6 

65 
23 
60 

30 

14 

37 

8 

4 

3 
3 
48 

4 

28 
12 
30 

17 
6 

29 
3 
2 

3 

1 
33 

2 

37 
11 
30 

13 
8 
8 
5 
2 

16 

4 

6 
7 

6 

1 
4 

1 
1 

2 
4 
5 

4 

i' 

1 
1 

2 

1 
2 

2 

1 
2 

1 
1 

1 
1 

17 

IS 

19 

2 

2 

'>n 

71 

?? 

?•» 

74 

'>S 

9 
2 
2 

1 
2 

2 
2 

1 
1 

1 

7 

i' 

i' 

2 
15 

1 
7 

1 
3 

'>6 

4 

77 

78 

2 

1 
25 

7 
50 
67 

158 
13 
98 

122 
97 
47 

66 
131 

41 
119 

5 
S3 
41 
74 

6 
5 

...... 

6 
26 
38 
82 

8 
37 
66 
47 
21 

32 
69 
30 
69 

1 
30 
21 
36 

5 

5 

2 
1 
11 

1 
25 
29 
76 

5 
61 
56 
50 
26 

34 
62 
U 
60 

4 

23 
20 

SJ 

1 

1 

1 

22 

6 
37 
52 
158 
11 
06 
98 
88 
44 

48 
122 
33 
82 

5 
49 
37 
74 

5 
6 

....... 

5 
18 
32 
82 

8 
35 
57 
43 
18 

27 
60 
24 
36 

1 
29 
19 
36 

5 
6 

1 
1 
10 

1 

19 
20 
76 

3 
01 
41 
45 
26 

21 

62 

9 

46 

4 
20 
18 
38 

1 

1 

1 

Ofl 

10 
5 

5 
3 

5 
2 

^0 

2 

1 
7 
9 

2 

1 
5 
5 

1 

I 

II 

I-) 

8 
30 
21 

1 
6 

1 

5 

26 
17 

1 
3 

1 

3 
4 
4 

3' 

11 

8 

3 

2 
4 

6 

2 

4 

33 

6 

1 

5 

34 

2 
5 

2 
5 

3i 

2 
2 
21 
8 
2 

IS 
6 
8 

34 

i' 

9 
4 
2 

5 
6 
6 
20 

2 

36 

?7 

12 
\ 

13 

3 

3 

1^ 

1 
1 

1 i' 

i 

1 

39 

3 

4 

1 

2 

4 

1 

1 

40 

1 
11 

1 
6 

5" 

41 

3 

3 

4' 

2 
14 

43 

20 

13 

7 

1 

1 

3 

3 

44 

4S 

3 
IS 
4 

3 
4 

2 

i' 

2 

1 
2 
2 

1 

2 

4 
3 

1 
2 

3 

1 

46 

1 

1 

47 

■    i         1 

48 

49 

3 
2 

7 

1 
1 

3 

2 
4 

1 
1 

1 

1 

VI 

^1 

3 

6 

4 

2 

3 

3 

2 

2 

1 

1 

57 

SI 

1 
1 
4 

12 
( 

1 
1 
3 

11 

1 

1 

54 

1 

1 

55 

1 

3 

1 
25 

1 

2 
....... 

1 
1 

4 
9 

3 

8 

1 

1 

' 

56 

1 

1 

u 

3 
3 

20 

2 
2 
7 

1 

1 

13 

1 

1 

2 

2 

.57 

5fl 

70, 

66 

s 

68 

54 

4 

U 

10 

1 

1 

1 

64 

172 


INSANE  IN   HOSPITALS. 


Tabm  33.— insane  IN  HOSPITALS  WHO  WERE  DISCHARGED  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  CONDITION  AT 
DISCHARGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  DISCHARGE,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS  DISCHARGED  IN  1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Condition  at  discharge. 

AGE   AT   niSCHAR'JK. 

Improved  or  recovered. 

Unimproved. 

Not  insane. 

Not  reported. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

All  ages .        ... 

29,304 

105 
1,364 
3,209 
3,770 
3,854 

3,896 
3,257 
2,845 
2,348 
1,575 

1,112 
725 
444 
226 
145 

429 

16, 193 

65 

753 

1,845 

2,065 

2,150 

2,110 
1,759 
1,552 
1,249 
884 

632 

407 

247 

135 

71 

270 

13,111 

40 

611 

1,364 

1,705 

1,704 

1,786 
1,49S 
1,293 
1,099 
691 

480 
318 
197 
91 
74 

159 

24,241 

59 
1,119 
2,639 
3,096 
3,209 

3,277 
2,777 
2,411 
1,985 
1,346 

902 
558 
297 
146 

78 

342 

13,269 

33 

616 

1,508 

1,650 

1,753 

1,741 
1,473 
1,322 
1,089 
762 

502 

307 

163 

89 

41 

211 

10,982 

26 

5U3 

1,131 

1,446 

1,456 

1,536 

1,304 

1,0S9 

896 

584 

400 
251 
134 
57 
37 

131 

4,397 

42 
205 
516 
592 
569 

530 
397 
367 
308 
203 

192 
156 
127 
72 
61 

00 

2,532 

30 
119 
304 
363 
351 

309 
237 
195 
129 
106 

117 
93 
70 
40 
29 

40 

1,865 

12 

86 

212 

229 

218 

221 
160 
172 
179 
97 

75 
63 
57 
32 
32 

20 

491 

3 

31 
40 
57 
58 

65 
61 
48 
42 
20 

12 
10 
15 
5 
6 

IS 

313 

2 
14 

27 
38 
39 

43 

38 
27 
27 
15 

8 
6 
10 

4 
1 

14 

178 

1 
17 
13 
19 
19 

22 
23 
21 
15 
5 

4 
4 
5 
1 
5 

4 

175 

1 
9 
14 

25 
IS 

24 
22 
19 
13 
6 

6 
1 
5 
3 

89 

i' 

6 
14 

17 
H 

2 

86 

Under  15  years 

1 

15  to  19  years... 

5 

S 

26  to  29  years 

11 

30  to  34  years... 

11 

7 

11 

U 

50  to  54  years... 

9 

5 

1 

70  to  74  vears... 

1 

1 

Ago  Tl"IrTiown 

9 

5 

4 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


173 


Table  34. 


-INSAXE  WITH  GENERAL  PARALYSIS  ADMITTED    TO  HOSPITALS    IN    1910 
NATIVITY,   AND  PARENTAGE,   BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


f'LASSIFIED    BY   RACE, 


INSANE  WITH  GENERAL 

PARALYSIS  ADMITTED  TO 

HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

Colored. 

DIVISION  OK  STATE. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
j      born. 

Nativity 
unknown. 

1 

Total. 

Native 
parentage. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parentaiie 
imknowD. 

Negro. 

Other 
colored. 

3,8S4 

3,670 

2,486 

1,420 

783 

283 

1,111 

73 

208 

6 

GEOGRAPHIC  divisions: 

New  England 

300 
1,335 
905 
417 
287 
130 
60 
163 
177 

355 
1,282 
940 
402 
219 
104 
42 
160 
166 

230 
742 
688 
310 
181 
99 
36 
106 
94 

140 
373 
382 
206 
143 
39 
24 
66 
47 

79 

346 

227 

72 

12 

2 

2 

17 

26 

11 
23 
79 
32 
26 
58 
10 
23 
21 

120 

533 

221 

76 

37 

4 

3 

47 
70 

5 

7 

31 

16 

1 
1 
3 
7 
2 

5 

51 

25 

16 

68 

28 

8 

2 

8 

Middle  Atlantic 

2 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

1 
3 

Pacific   .       

New  England: 

31 
16 
8 
220 
46 
39 

978 
125 
232 

220 
67 
390 
138 
150 

40 
80 
244 
3 
2 
20 
28 

1 
143 
25 
24 
19 
13 
34 
14 
14 

87 
14 
20 
9 

5 
20 
10 
IS 

42 

31 
16 
8 
217 
44 
39 

940 
117 
225 

216 
64 
375 
135 
150 

39 

79 

232 

3 

2 

20 

27 

1 

110 

23 

16 

19 

11 

26 

9 

4 

78 
11 
6 
9 

3 
14 
10 
15 

42 

26 
15 
8 
122 
30 
29 

481 
82 
179 

190 
59 
246 
102 
91 

22 

62 

184 

2 

1 

13 
26 

1 

80 
19 
16 
18 
9 
25 
9 
4 

76 
10 
5 
8 

3 
14 

7 
12 

24 

25 
10 
8 
62 
19 
16 

206 
34 
133 

134 
38 

125 
58 
27 

11 
38 
130 

1 

1 
3 

4 

1 

1 

New  Hampshire 

2 

Massachusetts 

63 
10 
12 

285 
40 
41 

48 
7 
73 
39 
60 

11 
22 
33 

7 

1 
1 

10 
8 
5 

8 
14 
48 
S 
4 

93 
13 
9 

468 
32 
43 

23 
4 
109 
29 
56 

17 

16 

34 

1 

1 
6 
1 

2 
1 
1 

1 
3 
3 

3 

1 
20 

4 
3 

3 
2 

Rhode  Island 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York.        

36 

8 
7 

4 
3 
15 
3 

2 

Pennsylvania 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Illinois 

WiosT  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

} 
12 

2 
21 

1 
1 
7 

1 
14 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

4 

22 

1 
63 
14 
16 
6 
6 
25 
8 
4 

16 
10 
5 
8 

3 
5 
7 
9 

9 

2 
4 

1 

1 

South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Marvland 

9 
1 

8 
4 

30 
4 

33 
2 
8 

Disfrict  of  ColumbtJ.  

Virginia 

1 

11 
3 

1 

North  Carolina 

2 

1 

2 
8 
5 
10 

9 
3 
14 

South  Carolina 

1 

Florida 

East  Sotrni  Central: 

Kentuclcy 

2 

58 

2 
1 
1 

Tennessee 

Alabama 

1 

West  Soin'B  Central: 

.\r  kansas 

2 
6 

L/OuLsiana 

2 

7 

3 

Texas 

3 
6 

3 
16 

Mountain: 

Montana 



9 

2 

2 
107 
3 
S 
2 
1 

37 
29 
111 

2 
104 
3 
6 
2 
1 

37 
29 
100 

2 
73 
3 
2 

1 
1 

20 

18 
56 

1 
49 
3 
2 

1 
1 

9 

7 

31 

1 
16 

Colorado 



8 

26 

5 

2 

1 

New  Mexico 

4 

1 

Utah 

Nevada 

Paotic: 

10 
if 

1 
6 
14 

17 
11 
42 

r«lifnrnln,. 

2 

8 

174 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  35.— INSANE  WITH  GENERAL  PARALYSIS  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN   1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE, 
NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION. 


BOTH  SEXES 
All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over '. 

Age  unknown 

MALE. 
All  ages , 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years , 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years , 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 

FEMALE. 
All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years -. 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  nnknown 


INSANE  WITH   GENERAL  PARALYSIS  ADMITTED  TO   HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Aggregate. 


3,884 

17 

47 

134 

218 

421 

612 
669 
590 
445 
267 


U 
28 
80 
144 
323 

495 
546 
475 
347 
217 

126 
56 
33 
37 
19 


895 

6 

19 
54 
74 


117 
123 
115 


White. 


Total. 


3,670 

17 

37 

123 

199 

398 

£89 
646 
566 
421 
249 


2,840 

11 

25 

75 

133 

307 

478 
529 
456 
329 
203 

117 
49 
29 
35 
17 


.S30 

6 
12 
48 
66 
91 

111 

117 

110 

92 

46 

37 
30 
18 
19 
10 


Native. 


Total. 


16 
31 
95 
137 
278 

416 
452 
362 
284 
164 


1,937 

ID 
25 
61 
96 
216 

331 
376 
290 
210 
133 

83 
31 
19 
22 
13 


549 

6 

6 

34 

41 

62 

85 
76 
72 
74 
31 

22 
IS 
9 
6 
3 


Native 
parentage. 


1,420 

9 
14 

61 
85 
154 

218 
253 
208 
159 
94 

70 
35 
19 
18 
9 

16  j 


Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage. 


1,130 

5 
U 
40 
64 
124 

173 
211 
173 
120 
78 

58 
24 
14 
15 
7 

13 


290 

4 

3 

21 
21 
30 

45 
42 
35 
39 
16 

12 
11 
5 
1 
2 


£ 
12 
25 
39 
90 

162 
155 
119 
92 
53 

15 
4 
2 
5 
2 


606 

4 

9 

15 
26 
67 

132 
130 
94 


177 

1 
3 

10 
13 
23 

30 
25 
25 
26 
11 

5 
1 
1 
2 


Parentage 
unknown. 


Foreign 
bom. 


1,111 

1 

6 
25 
60 
116 

166 
190 
199 
130 


141 
149 
164 
112 


258 


Nativity 
unknown. 


A 

13 

1 

24 

1 

27 

2 

m 

1 

41 

35 

3 

IS 

14 

1 

13 

2 

15 

7 

2 

11 

2 

6 

1 

Colored. 


Negro. 


208 


144 


64 


Other 
colored. 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


175 


Table  36 — INSANE  WITH  GENERAL   PARALYSIS  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  PLACE  OF 
RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  AND  BY  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


SKX,  ANK  PLACE  OF  RESIDENCE  PEIOE  TO 
ADMISSION. 

United 

States. 

New 
England. 

Middle 
Atlantic. 

East  North 
Central. 

West  North 
Central. 

South 
Atlantic. 

East  South 
Central. 

West  South 
Central. 

Mountain. 

Pacific. 

BOTH  SEXES. 

3,884 

360 

1,335 

965 

417 

287 

130 

SO 

163 

177 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  having 
a  population  of — 
Less  tban  2,500 

775 
325 
268 
199 
237 
622 
1,336 
122 

40 
38 
49 
32 

51 
55 
94 

1 

115 
71 
81 
52 
82 
142 
779 
13 

236 
99 
78 
57 
39 
162 
267 
27 

166 
44 
14 
15 
35 
40 
82 
21 

68 
22 

9 
18 

7 
30 
111 
22 

69 
15 
6 
8 
5 
20 

17 
6 
6 
1 

8 
8 

36 
19 
19 
12 

2 
62 

3 
10 

28 

2  500  to  10  000                   .             

11 

10  000  to  25,000 

25  000  '  0  50  000  .             

4 

60,000  to  100,000 

100  000  to  500  000 

103 

600,000  imd  over 

Not  reported        

8 

5 

15 

MALE. 
Acereeate                                   .... 

2,989 

283 

1,002 

765 

313 

203 

94 

35 

135 

159 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  having 
a  population  of — 
Less  than  2,500 

568 
254 
212 
160 
196 
524 
974 
101 

895 

30 
27 
39 
27 
47 
48 
63 

87 
64 
62 
41 
72 
116 
559 
11 

333 

171 
79 
60 
43 
31 
147 
216 
18 

200 

115 
34 
11 

11 
19 
36 
67 
20 

104 

52 
17 

6 
15 

6 
24 
64 
19 

84 

43 
12 
3 
7 
5 
17 

11 

33 
18 
18 
11 
2 
42 
3 
8 

28 

26 

2,500  tol0,000 

10,000  to  25,000 

g 

25  000  to  50  000 

4 

50,000  to  100,000 

7 

100,000  to  500,000 

500,000  and  over 

7 
36 

IS 

FEMALE. 

77 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  having 
a  population  of— 
Less  tlian  2,500  

207 
71 
56 
39 
41 
98 

362 
21 

10 
U 
10 
5 
4 
7 
29 
1 

28 
17 
19 
11 
10 
26 
220 
2 

65 
20 
18 
14 

8 
15 
61 

9 

51 
10 
3 

4 

16 
4 

15 

1 

16 
6 
3 
3 
1 
6 

47 
3 

26 
3 
2 
1 

6 
2 

3 
1 

1 

1 

2 

2,500  to  10,000 

10,000  to  25,000 

25,000  to  50,000 

60,000  to  100,000 

1 
5 

100,000  to  500,000 

3 

20 

500,000  and  over 

1 

1 

2 

176 


INSANE   IN   HOSPITALS. 


Table  37.— INSANE  WITH   ALCOHOLIC   PSYCHOSIS    ADMITTED   TO   HOSPITALS    IN    1910,    CLASSIFIED    BY   RACE 

NATIVITY,  AND  PARENTAGE,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


insane  with  alcohouc  psychosis  admitted  to  hospitals  Dl  1910. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

Colored. 

DrViaiON  OE  STATE. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativity 
unknowa 

Total. 

Negro. 

Indian. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age im- 
known. 

Other 
colored. 

United  States 

6,122 

5,819 

3,782 

2,068 

1,377 

337 

1,917 

120 

303 

284 

9 

10 

Geogeaphic  divisions: 

Now  England 

89S 
1,613 
1,321 
679 
538 
26S 
239 
225 
441 

892 
1,569 
1,287 
662 
445 
205 
213 
217 
429 

478 
968 
861 
343 
401 
201 
176 
134 
220 

182 
465 
405 
195 
327 
150 
146 
94 
104 

267 
464 
379 
120 
32 
25 
10 
20 
60 

29 
39 
77 
28 
42 
26 
20 
20 
56 

410 

596 

397 

167 

41 

3 

25 

77 

202 

4 

6 

29 

52 

3 

1 

12 

6 

7 

6 
44 
34 
17 
93 
63 
26 

8 
12 

6 
41 
32 
15 
93 
63 
21 
8 
5 

Middle  Atlantic 

1 
1 
2 

2 

East  Nortli  Central  . 

1 

West  North  Central 

Soutli  Atlantic 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

3 

2 

New  England: 

Maine 

33 
37 

30 
620 

56 
122 

978 
323 
312 

413 
75 
359 
135 
339 

194 

105 

186 

3 

1 

20 
70 

27 
172 
64 
69 
50 
35 
37 
67 
27 

106 
60 
86 
16 

5 

40 
139 
55 

31 

8 
6 
150 
3 
15 

33 
37 
30 

614 
56 

122 

954 
312 
303 

400 
70 
347 
131 
339 

191 
104 
178 
3 
1 
20 
65 

21 
150 
40 
59 
46 
32 
26 
56 
9 

92 
52 
45 
16 

5 

28 
128 
52 

29 

8 

6 

147 

3 

12 

25 
18 
23 
309 
30 
73 

657 
189 
222 

300 
50 

201 
87 

223 

72 

84 

113 

2 

1 

14 
57 

15 
132 
38 
57 
39 
32 
26 
54 
8 

90 
51 
44 
16 

5 
23 
106 
43 

8 
4 

99 
2 
11 

21 
9 

15 

98 
9 

30 

225 
100 
140 

176 
42 
81 
37 
69 

20 
43 
74 

4 
9 

8 

184 

19 

43 

320 

70 
74 

98 
3 
93 
38 
147 

52 
40 
22 
2 

8 
17 

7 

303 

26 

49 

396 
119 
80 

92 
18 

137 
43 

109 

118 
19 

17 

I 

New  Hampshire 

2 

Vermont 

Massachusetts 

27 
2 

2 

6 

6 

Khode  Island 

Connecticut 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

12 
19 

8 

26 

1 
4 
1 

8 
4 
9 
1 
7 

1 

1 

48 

24 
11 
9 

13 
5 

12 
4 

22 
10 
9 

13 
6 

11 
3 

1 

1 

New  Jersey 

I 

East  North  Central: 

Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois 

1 

Michigan 

1 

Wisconsin 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

3 

1 
8 

1 

8 

1 

1 

17 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

1 

4 

53 

13 

97 
29 
57 
26 
22 
26 
49 
8 
1 

40 
44 
41 
16 

5 
11 
91 
39 

2 
4 
1 
75 
2 

6 

■ 

Nebraska 

10 

6 

7 

5 
18 

8 
1 
6 

1 
1 

1 

Kansas 

4 

2 
20 
S 

5 

6 
22 
18 
10 

4 

3 
11 

1 
18 

14 

8 

41 

4 

6 
22 
18 
10 

4 

3 
11 

1 
18 

41 

1 

South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

15 
4 

District  of  Columbia 

Virginia 

1 

1 

West  Vir^^inia 

ii" 

10 

North  Carolina 

South  Carolina 

Georgia 

5 

2 
1 

2 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

19 
3 
3 

22 

4 

Tennassee 

1 

Alabama 

1 

West  South  Central: 

ArkftTisa.'j  ,      , 

Louisiana 

5" 

4 
1 

3 

7 

10 
3 

3 

3 
11 

8 

21 
4 
4 

45 

2- 

9 
1 

12 
11 
3 

2 

12 
6 
3 

2 

3 

2 

Texas 

Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

1 
9 

15 

3 

1 

3 

3 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

5 

1 

3 

3 

Utah 

Nerada 

12 

109 

73 

259 

12 

107 

71 

251 

S 

44 
40 
136 

4 

23 
13 
68 

2 

20 
14 
26 

2 

1 

13 
42 

2 

63 
28 
111 

2 

Facd-ic: 

Washington 

2 

0 

8 

1 

1 

Oregon 

3 
4 

2 

CaUfomia 

4 

1 

3 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


177 


Tablb  38.— insane   WITH   ALCOHOLIC    PSYCHOSIS    ADMITTED    TO    HOSPITALS    IN    1910,    CLASSIFIED    BY   RACE, 
NATIVITY,  PAP.ENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,   AKD   AGE   AT  ADUISSION. 


BOTH  SEXES. 

.Ml  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19yoars 

20  to  24  vears 

25  to  2'J  years 

30  to  M  years 

36  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  .54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  09  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  imtnown 

MALE. 
All  ages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

60  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

70  to  74  yeare 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEMALE. 

.\Uages 

Under  15  years 

15  to  I9yoars 

20  to  24  vears 

a?  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

33  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  09  years 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


INSANE  •WITH  ALCOHOUC  PSYCHOSIS  ADMirTED  TO  HOSPITALS  IN  1910. 


Aggre- 
gate. 


6,122 

3 

35 
223 
600 
870 

1,056 
954 
744 
610 
40S 

262 

173 

66 

31 

17 


902 

2 

12 
37 
74 
121 

162 
173 
HI 
70 
62 

37 
23 


WWte. 


Total. 


5,819 

2 

28 
199 
562 
811 

1,009 
906 
719 
593 
396 

262 
172 
53 
29 
15 


5,015 


1 

1 

23 

19 

186 

173 

526 

498 

749 

715 

R94 

881 

781 

760 

633 

611 

MO 

627 

356 

348 

22.i 

216 

I.tO 

149 

48 

46 

2.5 

24 

14 

12 

1 

9 
26 

64 
96 

148 
156 
108 
66 
48 

36 

23 

7 

6 

3 


Native. 


Total. 


3,782 

2 

28 

159 

396 

574 


596 
435 
360 
229 

129 
93 
32 
18 
2 


1 

17 
137 
361 
513 

696 
608 
3S1 
330 
207 

116 
83 
27 
14 
2 

37 


462 

1 

9 

22 

45 

61 


Native 
parent- 
age. 


2,068 

1 

13 
89 
229 
313 

360 
322 
230 


1,827 

1 

9 

76 

207 

279 

300 
277 
204 
170 
115 

74 

59 
19 
12 


Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 


12 
62 
133 
213 

281 

227 
163 
151 
79 

33 
16 


7 
45 
117 
193 

246 

192 
146 
138 
71 

28 
13 
6 


169 


Parent- 
age un- 
known. 


337 

1 
1 

IS 
34 

43 

57 
47 
42 
23 
24 

18 
U 
2 
2 


285 


Foreign 
bom. 


Nativity 
unknown. 


1,917 


2 

39 
157 
219 

295 
301 
269 
223 
159 

118 
77 
20 
11 
13 


1,592 


2 
35 
139 
189 

243 
235 

218 
188 
133 

96 
64 
18 
10 
10 


325 


120 


103 


Colored. 


Total. 


308 

1 

7 
24 
38 
69 

47 
48 
26 
17 
12 

10 
1 
3 
2 
2 


205 


Negro. 


284 

1 

7 

24 

37 

58 

42 
42 
22 
17 
11 


187 


Indian. 


Other 
colored. 


27622°— 14- 


-12 


178 


INSANE  IN  HOSPITALS. 


Table  39,— INSANE  WITH  ALCOHOLIC   PSYCHOSIS  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS   IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  PLACE  OF 
RESIDENCE  PRIOR  TO  ADMISSION,  AND  BY  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


SEX,  AND  PLACE  OF  RESTOENCE  PRIOH  TO 
ADMISSION. 

United 

States. 

New  Eng- 
land. 

Middle 
Atlantic. 

East 
North 
Central. 

West 

North 

Central. 

South 
Atlantic. 

East 

South 

Central. 

West 

South 

Central. 

Mountain. 

Pacific. 

BOTH  SEXES. 
\effreKate      . .                    

6,122 

89S 

1,613 

1,321 

579 

538 

268 

239 

225 

441 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  hav- 
ing a  population  ot— 
Less  than  2.S00 

1,302 
641 
532 
447 
403 
1,178 
1,292 
267 

77 
128 
119 
101 
128 
127 
203 

15 

230 
141 
142 

98 
107 
282 
599 

14 

268 
141 
121 
104 

79 
241 
325 

42 

239 
52 
29 
38 
68 
57 
54 
52 

127 
53 
49 
43 
40 
77 

108 
41 

83 
33 
23 
32 
12 
63 
1 
21 

129 
32 
13 

8 
26 
19 

2 
10 

50 
22 
21 
11 
1 
105 

99 

2  500  to  10  000            

39 

15 

25  000  to  50  000 

12 

50  000  to  100.000 

12 

100  000  to  500.000 

207 

500  000  and  over. . . 

15 

67 

MALE. 

5,220 

737 

1,293 

1,176 

538 

467 

214 

211 

207 

377 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  hav- 
ing a  population  of — 
Less  than  2.500 

1,181 
571 
467 
393 
390 
985 
997 
236 

902 

67 
112 
104 

89 
101 
102 
148 

14 

161 

200 

125 

116 

86 

91 

228 

437 

10 

320 

256 

130 

111 

90 

72 

206 

272 

39 

145 

227 
50 
23 
34 
M 
54 
49 
47 

41 

111 
45 
47 
39 
33 
62 
90 
40 

71 

64 
26 
20 
29 
7 
£4 

117 

28 

12 

8 

22 

16 

1 

7 

28 

4? 
20 
19 
11 
1 
95 

92 

2  500  to  10.000 

35 

10,000  to  25.000 

15 

25.000  to  60.000 

7 

50000  to  100000...   .                 .         .           .. 

9 

100,000  to  500,000 

16S 

14 

54 

14 

18 

51 

FEMALE. 

64 

Residing  prior  to  admission  in  places  hav- 
ing a  population  of— 
Less  than  2,500 

121 
70 
65 
54 

73 
193 
295 

31 

10 
16 
15 
12 
27 
25 
55 
1 

.  30 
16 
26 
12 
16 
54 
162 
4 

12 
11 
10 
14 

7 
35 
53 

3 

12 
2 
6 

4 
4 
3 
5 
5 

16 
8 
2 
4 
7 
15 
18 
1 

19 
7 
3 
3 
5 
9 
1 
7 

12 
4 
1 

3 
2 
2 

7 

2,600  to  10.000 

4 

10  000  to  25  000..              

25  000  to  60  000 

£ 

SO  000  to  100  000 

4 
3 
1 
3 

3 

100  000  to  500  000. 

10 

39 

Not  reported 

i 

6 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


179 


Table  40,— INSANE  WITH  BOTH  GENERAL  PARALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS  ADMITTED  TO  HOSPITALS 
IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED 
STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


INSANE  WITH  BOTH  GENEBAL  PABALYSIS  AND  ALCOHOLIC  PSYCHOSIS  ADMITTED 

rO  HOSPITALS  m  1910. 

Aggre- 
gate. 

White. 

Colored. 

SEX,  ANU  AGE  AT  ADMISSION. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativity 
unknown. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Total. 

Native 
parentage. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

Indian. 

BOTH  SEXES. 
All  ages               ...                .... 

201 

1 

I 

6 

16 

21 

32 
33 

28 
23 
12 

12 
8 
4 

187 

1 

1 

5 

15 

20 

29 
30 
27 
21 
11 

12 
7 
4 

132 

1 

1 

5 

11 

16 

22 
21 
15 

14 
8 

9 
4 
2 

82 
1 

37 

13 

53 

2 

'' 

13 

1 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

1 

1 
2 
6 

9 
6 
4 
4 

1 
1 

20  to  24  years 

4 

10 

13 
13 
10 
8 
3 

7 
2 
2 

1 

1 
1 

3 
3 

1 
2 

1 

1 
1 

25  to  2)  years 

2 

4 
4 

7 
9 
12 
6 
2 

3 
3 
2 

1 

3S  to  39  years 

3 
3 
1 

2 

1 

40  to  4  4  years 

2 
1 
2 
3 

1 
1 

50  to  54  years 

1 
1 

60  to  64  years 

65  to  69  years 

1 

1 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

1 

3 

1 

3 

1 

2 

1 

2 

1 

MALE. 
All  ages 

147 

137 

100 

63 

26 

11 

37 

10 

9 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  years 

1 

2 
9 
17 

22 
26 
23 
18 
9 

9 
5 
3 

1 
2 

8 
16 

20 
25 
22 
16 
8 

9 
4 
3 

1 

2 
7 
13 

14 
17 
12 
13 

6 

7 
3 
2 

1 

20  to  24  years 

2 
4 
10 

10 
11 
7 
7 
2 

5 
1 
2 

25  to  29  years 

1 

3 

4 
5 
4 
4 

2 

1 
1 

2 

1 
3 

6 
8 
10 
3 
2 

2 
1 

1 

1 
1 

2 
1 
1 
2 
1 

1 

30  to  34  years 

1 

35  to  39  years 

2 
1 
1 
2 
1 

40  to  44  years 

1 

1 
2 
2 

1 

1 

45  to  43  years 

60  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

... 

65  to  69  years 

1 

1 

70  to  74  years 

75  to  79  years 

1 
2 

54 
1 

1 
2 

50 
1 

1 
2 

32 
1 

1 

Ag»*utitrpowii ,    .. 

2 

19 
1 

FEMALE. 

11 



2 

16 

2 

4 

4 

Under  15  years 

15  to  19  vears.; 

20  to  24  years 

4 
7 
4 

10 
7 
5 
5 
3 

3 
3 
1 

3 

7 
4 

9 
5 
5 
5 
3 

3 
3 

1 

3 
4 
3 

S 
4 
3 

1 
2 

2 
1 

2 
3 

1 
3 

5 

1 

1 

1 

25  to  29  years 

3 

1 

1 
1 
2 
3 

30  to  34  years 

3 
2 
3 

1 
1 

2 

1 

1 
2 

1 
2 

40  to  44  years 

1 

45  to  49  years 

1 
1 

55  to  59  years 

1 

60  to  64  years 

1 
2 

1 

65  to  69  years 

75 1 3  79  years 

80  years  and  over 

■ 

1 

1 

1 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS 


(181) 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS.  1910. 


INTRODUCTION. 


Feeble-mindedness  has  been  broadly  defined  as 
comprising  all  degrees  of  mental  defect  due  to  arrested 
or  imperfect  mental  development  as  a  result  of  which 
the  person  so  affected  is  incapable  of  competing  on 
equal  terms  with  his  normal  fellows,  or  of  managing 
himself  or  his  affairs  with  ordinaiy  prudence.  The 
feeble-minded  as  thus  defined  range  in  mental  develop- 
ment from  those  whose  mentality  does  not  exceed  that 
of  a  normal  child  of  2  years  to  those  whose  mentality 
is  as  high  as  that  of  a  child  of  12.  The  great  majority 
of  the  feeble-minded  are  not  confined  in  institutions 
but  live  at  large;  many  are  inmates  of  prisons  and 
reformatories;  many  others  are  in  almshouses,  and 
some  are  confined  in  hospitals  for  the  insane.  Only  a 
small  fraction  of  the  feeble-minded  are  taken  care  of 
in  special  institutions  designed  for  that  class,  but  the 
development  of  recent  years  is  in  the  direction  of  pro- 
viding such  institutions,  and  for  that  reason  the  sta- 
tistics in  this  report  which  deals  with  the  inmates 
of  this  class  of  institutions  have  a  timely  social 
significance. 

In  connection  with  the  population  censuses  from  1850 
to  1890,  inclusive,  the  attempt  was  made  to  enumerate 
all  the  mentally  defective  in  the  general  population. 
The  methods  adopted  in  different  years  were  not  uni- 
form, and  the  results  can  not  be  regarded  as  complete  or 
comparable.  In  the  case  of  the  feeble-minded  the  com- 
parability of  the  returns  is  also  affected  by  the  fact 
that  from  1850  to  1880  the  enumeration,  according 
to  the  terms  used,  covered  chiefly,  if  not  entirely, 
those  whose  idiocy  or  imbecihty  was  apparent.  With 
increasing  study  of  the  defective  classes,  however, 
there  arose  a  conviction  that  there  were  many  on  the 
borderland  of  mental  deficiency,  who,  though  not  en- 
tirely helpless  or  dependent,  were  possibly  an  even 
greater  menace  to  society  than  those  who  were.  They 
were  evidently  not  idiots,  in  the  ordinary  acceptance  of 
the  word,  and  the  term  "feeble-minded"  was  adopted 
in  the  report  for  1890  and  has  been  used  ever  since. 
Since  1890,  however,  no  general  enumeration  of  this 
large  and  ill-defined  class  has  been  attem]>ted  by  the 
Bureau  of  the  Census.  In  1904  and  again  in  1910 
the  census  was  restricted  to  the  inmates  of  special 
institutions  for  this  class. 

An  important  factor  affecting  comparisons  of  dif- 
ferent periods  is  the  change  that  has  taken  place 
in  the  general  methods  of  care  for  the  feeble-minded. 
Formerly  almost  all  of  thi^  class  under  institutional 
care  were  in  almshouses  or  in  asylum-  for  the  insane. 


As  late  as  1890  only  16  states  had  provided  separate 
institutions  for  the  feeble-minded,  and  the  number 
of  such  institutions  was  only  24.  In  1904  the  num- 
ber of  institutions  had  increased  to  42,  and  the  num- 
ber of  states  making  such  provision  was  25.  In 
1910  there  were  63  institutions  reported  by  31  states. 
At  the  present  writing  (1914)  there  are  only  7  states 
which  make  no  special  provision  for  this  class  of 
defectives;  and  in  an  increasing  number  of  states 
the  statutes  provide  for  their  transfer  from  alms- 
houses to  separate  institutions  as  rapidly  as  possible. 
The  eft'ect  of  these  conditions  upon  the  statistics 
is  apparent.  In  the  1890  census  the  institutional 
population,  enumerated  as  feeble-minded,  included 
5,254  in  special  institutions  and  2,469  in  hospitals 
for  the  insane ;  and  in  addition  to  these,  7,81 1  inmates 
of  almshouses  were  returned  as  "idiots,"  making  a 
total  of  15,534  feeble-minded  or  idiots.  In  1904  the 
number  in  special  institutions  had  risen  to  14,347 
and  in  1910  to  20,731.  The  1904  and  1910  censuses 
of  the  insane  in  hospitals  made  no  separate  enumera- 
tion of  the  feeble-minded  inmates  of  those  institutions, 
nor  was  there  any  record  made  of  those  in  reform- 
atories or  other  correctional  institutions;  but  the 
1904  report  on  paupers  showed  16,551  inmates  of 
almshouses  classed  as  feeble-minded,  which  number 
was  reduced  in  the  report  for  1910  to  13,238.  On 
January  1,  1904,  a  total  of  30,898  feeble-minded  per- 
sons were  either  in  special  institutions  or  in  alms- 
houses, and  on  January  1,  1910,  a  total  of  33,969. 


Table  1 

FEEBLE-MINDED. 

TKAB. 

In  special 
institu- 
tions. 

In  alms- 
houses. 

In  hospi- 
tals foi  the 
insane. 

1910                            

20,731 
U,347 
5,254 

13,238 

16,551 
»  7,811 

(') 

1904 

(') 

1890                

2,469 

'  Not  reported.  '  Includes  only  those  classed  as  "Idiots." 

An  indication  of  the  situation  as  to  the  feeble- 
minded in  a  single  state  is  furnished  by  the  report  of 
the  Massachusetts  state  board  of  insanity,  which  has 
charge  of  institutions  for  this  class.  According  to  the 
report  of  this  board  for  1912,  the  results  of  a  special 
census  of  the  feeble-minded  showed  a  total  of  5,007 
feeble-minded  enumerated  in  the  general  popula- 
tion (2,640  males  and  2,367  females).  In  addition, 
245  were  reported  by  overseers  of  the  poor,  making 
5,252  not  in  institutions.     The  number  in  institutions 

(183) 


184 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


was  2,587,  including  1,915  in  two  state  institutions  for 
the  feeble-minded  and  672  in  state  hospitals  and 
asylums.  According  to  this  census  the  total  nimiber 
of  feeble-minded  in  the  state  was  therefore  7,839. 
The  census  was  not  regarded  as  being  complete,  but  it 
is  of  interest  to  note  that  if  the  number  of  feeble- 
minded in  proportion  to  total  population  was  the 
same  for  the  entire  United  States  as  it  was  in  Massa- 
chusetts according  to  this  census,  the  total  number  of 
feeble-minded  would  be  over  200,000.  Probably  this 
may  be  regarded  as  a  conservative  estimate  of  the 
number  of  feeble-minded  in  the  United  States.  It 
would  indicate  that  not  over  one-tentli  of  the  feeble- 
minded are  being  cared  for  in  special  institutions. 

Another  item  of  interest,  although  it  does  not  affect 
the  interpretation  of  the  statistics,  is  the  fact  that  the 
institutional  care  of  feeble-minded,  as  will  be  seen,  has 
become  almost  entirely  a  function  of  the  state.  A 
variety  of  causes  have  combined  to  produce  this 
result.  The  tendency  of  the  day  is  to  regard  all  de- 
pendents of  whatever  class  as  wards  of  the  state,  for 


whose  care  the  state  is  primarilj"  responsible,  -\jiother 
influence  may  be  the  realization  that  the  state  insti- 
tutions are  to  a  considerable  degree  supereeduig  the 
almshouses  and  like  them  are  discharging  a  pubUc 
function  in  caring  for  a  defective  class.  Still  another, 
and  probably  the  most  important  cause,  is  the  increas- 
ing conviction  that  the  segregation  and  insti- 
tutional care  of  the  feeble-minded  is  necessary,  even 
more  as  a  matter  of  protection  to  the  public  than  of 
benevolence  for  the  inmates,  and  that  the  needed 
care  can  be  secured  only  through  the  enforcement 
of  law,  which  can  scarcely  be  intrusted  to  private 
institutions. 

On  January  1,  1910,  there  were  present  in  the  insti- 
tutions covered  by  this  special  census  of  feeble-minded 
20,731  inmates.  During  the  je&r  3,825  inmates  were 
admitted,  1,009  were  discharged,  ISO  were  transferred 
to  other  classes  of  institutions,  and  895  died. 

The  statistics  are  presented  in  detail  in  15  general 
tables,  the  principal  features  of  which  are  stmimarized 
and  considered  in  the  text  which  follows. 


ANALYSIS  OF  RETURNS. 


States  and  geographic  divisions. — The  following  table 
shows,  by  geographic  divisions  and  states,  the  nimiber 
of  institutions  for  tlie  care  of  the  feeble-minded  classed 
as  public  or  private;  the  number  of  persons  enum- 
erated on  January  1,  1910,  as  inmates  of  those  insti- 
tutions, and  the  number  admitted  to  the  institutions 
during  the  year  1910;  also  the  number  of  persons 
enumerated  as  feeble-minded  in  almshouses  on  Janu- 
ary 1,  1910,  with  the  aggregate  number  of  inmates  of 
this  type  in  the  two  classes  of  institutions. 

From  this  table  it  appears  that  on  January  1,  1910, 
16  states  reported  public  institutions  only,  12  had  both 
public  and  private  institutions,  and  3  had  private 
institutions  only.  At  the  present  writing  (1914) 
Virginia,  which  in  1910  had  only  a  private  institution, 
admits  the  feeble-minded  to  a  state  institution  for 
another  class  of  dependents,  and  Georgia  does  the 
same.  Delaware  and  the  District  of  Columbia  make 
provision  in  institutions  outside  of  the  state;  Idaho, 
Nevada,  New  Mexico,  North  Carolina,  Oklahoma, 
Oregon,  Vermont,  and  Wyoniing  have  estabUshed  or 


authorized  special  state  institutions,  leaving  only  7 
states — Alabama,  Arizona,  Arkansas,  Florida,  Louisi- 
ana, Mississippi,  and  South  Carolina — which  make  no 
provision  for  this  class  of  defectives. 

Of  the  63  institutions  leported  in  1910,  35  are  public 
institutions  and  28  are  private.  Of  the  20,731  per- 
sons enumerated  on  January  1,  1910,  19,499,  or  94.1 
per  cent,  were  in  the  public  institutions,  and  only 
1,232,  or  5.9  per  cent,  in  the  private  institutions,  only 
one  state.  New  Jersey,  showing  a  larger  number  of 
inmates  in  private  than  in  pubUc  institutions.  The 
average  number  of  inmates  was  557  for  public  and 
44  for  private  institutions. 

That  the  segregation  of  the  feeble-minded  in  special 
institutions  has  as  yet  been  only  partially  accomphshed 
is  evident  from  the  very  inadequate  number  of  such 
mstitutions  in  several  states,  especially  in  the  South 
and  West.  In  order  to  present  the  problem  more  dis- 
tinctly, there  have  been  incorporated  into  the  table 
from  the  census  report  on  almshouses,  1910,  the  num- 
ber there  given  as  enumerated  on  January  1,  1910. 


.ANALYSIS  OF  RETURNS. 


185 


Table  2 

INSTITDTIONS  FOB  THE 
FEEBLE-MINDED. 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITITnONS  FOE 

THAT  CLASS:  1910. 

feeble-minded  is 
almshouses:  1910. 

TOTAL  FEEBLE- 
MINDED IN  SPECIAL 

DIVISION  AND  STATE. 

Enumerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

INSTlTUnOKS  AND  IN 

almshouses:  1910. 

Total. 

Pub- 
lic. 

Pri- 
vate. 

Total. 

In  public 

institu- 
tions. 

[n  private 
institu- 
tions. 

Total. 

In  public 

institu- 
tions. 

In  private 
institu- 
tions. 

Eniuner- 
ated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during 

the  year. 

Enumer- ' 
ated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during 

the  year. 

United  States       

63 

35 

28 

20,731 

19,499 

1,232 

3,825 

3,531 

294 

13,238 

4,408 

33,969 

8,233 

Geographic  Divisions: 

9 
17 
11 
11 
4 
3 
1 
3 
4 

6 
8 
6 
7 
2 
2 

2 

2 

3 
9 
5 
4 
2 
1 
1 
1 
2 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

584 

330 

19 

160 

1,013 

1,936 
6,161 
5,764 
3,791 
512 
255 

76 

605 

177 

115 

72 

75 

19 

64 

29 

640 
1,152 

909 

624 
89 

135 
11 
71 

194 

637 
1,061 
803 
602 
68 
113 

3 

91 

106 

22 

21 

22 

11 

9 

9 

1,557 

2,331 

3,867 

1,522 

1,868 

1,034 

365 

156 

518 

360 

970 
1,063 
379 
697 
453 
148 
114 
224 

3,569 
9,097 
9,808 
5,428 
2,452 
1,384 
384 
316 
1,531 

1,000 

2,122 

East  North  Central               .      .  . 

1,972 

West  North  Central 

1,003 

786 

East  South  Central             

588 

West  South  Central 

159 

96 
984 

62 
185 

185 

418 

New  England: 

1 

1 

62 
144 

62 

144 

83 
46 

83 
46 

240 
231 

103 
561 
147 
275 

1,047 

201 

1,083 

1,487 
920 
733 
490 
237 

423 

697 

11 

26 

84 

204 

61 
213 
9 
432 
274 
510 
123 
225 

21 

296 
407 
201 
150 

157 

17 

8 

183 

23 
12 

38 
59 
24 
137 
20 
82 

425 
69 
476 

419 

207 
201 
176 
60 

20 

80 

151 

4 

6 

68 

50 

15 

114 

7 

132 

85 
148 

46 
108 

42 

131 

173 

87 
62 

62 
5 
3 

78 

25 

10 

1 

34 

302 
375 
103 
2,025 
195 
569 

4,468 

841 

3,788 

3,013 
2,055 
1,998 
1,476 
1,266 

1,271 

1,012 

1,209 

156 

26 

530 

624 

61 
523 
9 
492 
488 
510 
123 
225 

63 

579 
454 
201 
150 

157 

17 

8 

202 

74 
12 

121 

105 

24 

Massachusetts          

5 
1 
1 

6 
5 
6 

1 
1 
2 
3 
4 

1 
2 

I  1 
1 

4 
1 
3 

1 

1 
1 
1 
2 

1 
1 
1 
1 
1  1 
1 
1 

3 

2 
4 
3 

i' 

2 
2 

i' 

3 

1,464 

48 

294 

3,421 

640 

2,705 

1,526 
1,135 
1,265 
986 
1,029 

1,194 

1,189 

512 

145 

1,388 

48 

294 

3,295 

182 
2,684 

1,526 

1,135 

1,221 

946 

936 

1,194 

1,186 

400 

145 

76 

458 
6 
47 

629 
106 
417 

150 
102 
207 
204 
246 

207 
201 
60 
47 

455 
6 

47 

609 
40 
412 

130 
102 
171 
196 
1S4 

207 

201 

38 

47 

3 

595 

26 

129 

Middle  Atlantic: 

126 
458 
21 

20 

66 

5 

1,054 

175 

893 

East  North  Central: 
Ohio 

569 

309 

44 
40 
93 

36 
8 

62 

408 

380 

306 

West  North  Central: 

227 

3 
112 

281 

22 

211 

51 

6 

446 
420 

446 
420 

23 
86 

23 

86 

91 

136 

SoTjTH  Atlantic: 

15 

Maryland       

2 

1 

1 

310 

29S 

12 

22 

20 

2 

136 

7 

1 

1 

i" 

1 

60 
214 

60 

19 
48 

19 

161 

214 

48 

133 

148 

46 

108 

Florida 

42 

Tr^ntnc*>'y 

2 

1 

1 
1 

1 

283 
47 

208 
47 

75 

86 
49 

64 
49 

22 

217 

TAiinp.sswi 

222 

87 

Mississippi                     .     . 

62 

West  South  Central: 
/\  riff^  Tina's 

62 

5 

3 

1 
1 

1 

1 

19 
51 

19 

U 
49 

11 

.S9 

51 

49 

74 

ID 

1 

1 

1 

64 

64 

9 

9 

63 

127 

43 

9 
34 
15 

38 

25 

455 

17 
16 
U 

36 

9 

179 

9 
79 
15 

197 

25 

1,309 

17 

Utah    

1 

1 

4S 

45 

13 

13 

29 

11 

1 
3' 

1 
' 

2' 

159 
■  '854' 

159 
82,5" 

28 

"'"m 

28 

is?' 

64 

29" 

9" 

9 
3 

'  No  reports. 


186 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


The  following  table  gives,  by  geographic  divisions, 
the  number  of  feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institu- 
tions for  this  class  on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  num- 
ber admitted  during  the  year,  with  the  ratio  per 
100,000  popidation.  Similar  statistics  are  presented 
also  for  the  total  combined  number  of  feeble-minded 
in  special  institutions  and  in  almshouses. 


Table  3 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN 
SPECUL  INSTITUTIONS. 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN 
SPECIAL  INSTITUTIONS 
AND  IN  ALMSHOUSES. 

Enumer- 
ated on  Jan. 
1, 1910. 

Admitted 
during  tlie 
year  1910. 

Enumer- 
ated on  Jan. 
1, 1910. 

Admitted 
during  the 
year  1910. 

NUMBER. 

United  States 

20,731 

3,825 

33,969 

8,233 

New  England 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

684 

330 

19 

160 

1,013 

640 
1,152 

909 

624 
89 

135 
11 
71 

194 

3,569 
9,097 
9,808 
5,428 
2,452 
1,384 
384 
316 
1,531 

1,000 
2,122 

Middle  Atlantic 

East  North  Central 

1,972 

West  North  Central  . 

1  003 

South  Atlantic 

786 

East  South  Cent.-al 

588 

West  South  Central 

159 

185 

Pacific 

418 

NUMBER  PEE   100,000  POPULATION. 

22.5 

4.2 

36.9 

9.0 

30.7 
33.0 
32.6 
33.6 
4.8 
3.9 
0.2 
6.1 
24.2 

9.8 
6.0 
5.0 
5.4 
0.7 
1.6 
0.1 
2.7 
4.6 

54.5 
47.1 
53.7 
46.6 
20.1 
16.5 
4.4 
12.0 
36.5 

15.3 

Middle  Atlantic 

11.0 

East  North  Central 

10  8 

8.6 

South  Atlantic 

6.  4 

East  South  Central 

7.0 

West  South  Central 

1.8 

7.0 

Pacific  .    ...           

10.0 

In  interpreting  this  table  it  is  to  be  remembered 
that  it  does  not  include  feeble-minded  persons  in  the 
general  population,  but  only  those  either  in  institu- 
tions specifically  for  this  class  or  in  almshouses.  Ac- 
cordingly, it  is  indicative  mainly  of  the  degree  to 
wliich  the  states  have  emphasized  institutional  care 
for  this  class  of  defectives,  and  the  evident  dispro- 
portion between  the  groups  of  states  does  not  indicate 
the  actual  situation  so  far  as  the  number  of  feeble- 
minded in  proportion  to  the  population  is  concerned. 
The  small  numbers  and  the  low  rate  per  100,000  of 
population  in  the  southern  and  western  divisions  by 
no  means  prove  that  feeblc-mindedness  is  not  pro- 
portionally as  prevalent  there  as  in  the  northern  and 
eastern  divisions,  but  merely  that  the  states  of  those 
sections  have  not  yet  faced  the  problem  of  dealing 
with  the  situation.  That  the  three  great  southern 
divisions  should  report  but  six  feeble-minded  negroes  in 
special  institutions  (see  Table  2,  p.  196),  all  in  the  one 
state  of  Tennessee,  is  simply  evidence  that  the  Southern 
states  have  made  practically  no  provision  for  the 
institutional  care  of  this  class  of  defectives. 

Comparison:  1910  and  1904- — The  following  table 
shows,  by  geographic  divisions  and  states,  the  num- 
ber reported  as  inmates  of  institutions  for  the  feeble- 
minded on  January  1,  1910,  and  on  January  1,  1904; 
the  number  admitted  to  institutions  during  1910  and 
1904;  and  the  increase  under  each  headmg. 


Table  4 

feeble-minded  in  institutions. 

DIVISION  AND  STATE. 

Enumerated  on  Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

1910 

19(M 

Increase:^ 
1901-1910 

1910 

1904 

Increase:' 
1904-1910 

United  States 

20,731 

14,347 

6,384 

3,825 

2,599 

1,226 

GEOGRAPHIC  DIVISIONS: 
New  Knj'lnnd     , 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

584 

330 

19 

160 

1,013 

1,161 
4,53S 
4,571 
2,888 
338 
189 

14' 

643 

851 

2,22.S 

1,370 

1,018 

246 

141 

19 

146 

365 

640 
1,152 

909 

624 
89 

135 
11 
71 

194 

168 
784 
728 
672 
69 
55 

19" 

114 

472 

Middle  .\tlantic 

East  North  Central 

WestNorth  Central.... 

South  Atlantic 

East  South  Central.... 
West  South  Central. . . 
Mountain. . 

368 
181 
-48 
30 
80 
11 
52 

Pacific 

80 

New  England: 
Maine 

62 

144 

64' 

62 
80 

83 
46 

8' 

83 

New  Hampshire 

Vermont 

38 

1,464 

4S 

294 

3,421 

640 

2,705 

1,526 
1,135 
1,265 
9S6 
1,029 

1,194 
1,189 
512 
145 
(') 
446 
420 

878 

"■"219' 

2,135 

460 

1,943 

1,125 

1,036 

1,283 

516 

611 

888 
981 
250 

SI 

337 
381 

586 
48 
75 

1,286 
180 
762 

401 
99 
-18 
470 
418 

306 

208 
262 
145 

458 
6 
47 

629 
106 
.417 

150 
102 
207 
204 
246 

207 
201 
60 
47 
(=) 
23 
86 

117 

43' 

459 

67 

258 

182 
82 
224 
141 
99 

183 
171 
104 
86 
26 
49 
53 

341 

Rhode  Island.. 

6 

4 

Middle  Atlantic: 
New  York. 

170 

New  Jersey 

39 

159 

East  North  Central: 
Ohio 

—32 

Indiana 

Illinois 

20 

-17 

63 

Wisconsin 

147 

West  North  Central: 

24 

Iowa 

30 

—44 

North  Dakota. 

—39 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

109 
39 

—26 

33 

South  Atlantic: 

Maryland 

310 

162 

148 

22 

14 

8 

60 
214 

35 
141 

25 
73 

19 

48 

11 
34 

8 

14 

North  Carolina 

Florida..  . 

East  South  Central: 
Kentucky 

283 
47 

189 

94 
47 

86 
49 

55 

31 

49 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 
Arkansas  ... 

Texas  . 

19 

51 

19 
51 

11 

49 

11 

Mountain: 
MnntftTift 

49 

64 

14 

50 

9 

19 

-10 

Utah 

45 

45 

13 

13 

Pacific: 

159 

81 

78 

28 

43 

-16 

Oregon. 

854 

567 

287 

166 

71 

95 

•  A  minus  sign  (  — )  denotes  decrease.  2  No  report  received  in  1910. 

The  figures  indicate  very  clearly  that  the  period 
under  review  was  one  of  tran.sition  and  of  develop- 
ment under  widely  divergent  conditions.  The  addi- 
tion of  seven  states  to  the  number  providing  special 
institutions  affected  the  total  number  of  inmates 
comparatively  little.  In  most  states  there  was  a 
material  increase  in  the  number  enumerated  on  Janu- 
ary 1,  and  in  only  one  state,  Illinois,  was  there  a  de- 
crease; but  there  are  several  states  in  which  there 
was  a  decrease  in  the  number  of  admissions  during  a 
given  year. 

The  tendency  to  replace  the  almshouse  by  the  spe- 
cial institution  in  providing  for  the  feeble-minded  is 
shown  by  the  following  table,  which  gives  the  number 


ANALYSIS  OF  RETURNS. 


187 


of  feeble-minded  reported  in  special  institutions  and 
in  almshouses  in  1910  and  in  1904.  In  each  geographic 
division  the  ratio  of  feeble-minded  reported  in  alms- 
houses to  those  reported  in  special  institutions  de- 
clined in  the  interval  between  these  two  censuses.  In 
the  two  southern  divisions  in  1910  the  number  in 
special  institutions  relative  to  the  number  in  alms- 
houses was  still  small,  but  it  was  larger  than  it  was 
in  1904. 


Table  5 

FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  ON  JAN.  1. 

Number 

in  alms- 
houses 

to  100  in 
special 

institu- 
tions. 

DIVISION. 

Total. 

In  special 
institutions. 

In  almshouses. 

Number. 

Per 
cent  of 
total. 

Number. 

Per 
cent  of 
total. 

United  States: 
1910 

33,969 
30,898 

20,731 
14,347 

61.0 

46.4 

13, 238 
16,551 

39.0 
53.6 

63.9 

1904 

115.4 

NoBTH  Atlantic: 

1910 

12,666 
10,827 

15,236 
13,965 

2,452 
2,772 

1,768 
1,988 

1,847 
1,346 

8,778 
5,699 

9,847 
7,459 

584 
338 

349 

189 

1,173 

662 

69.3 
52.6 

64.6 
53,4 

23.8 
12.2 

19.7 
9.5 

63.5 
49.2 

3,888 
5,128 

5,389 
6,506 

1,868 
2,434 

1,419 
1,799 

674 

684 

30.7 

47.4 

35.4 
46.6 

76.2 
87.8 

80.3 
90.5 

36.5 
50.8 

44.3 

1904 

90.0 

NOETH  Central: 

1910 

54.7 

1904 

87.2 

South  Atlantic: 

1910 

319.9 

1904 

720.1 

South  Centeal: 

1910 

406.6 

1904 

951.9 

Western: 

1910 

57.5 

1904 

103.3 

Note. — In  this  table  it  was  necessary  to  give  the  geo^aphic  grouping  of  states 
adopted  in  the  report  of  1904,  since  at  that  census  the  feeble-minded  in  almshouses 
were  not  showm  by  smaller  divisions  or  by  states.  The  relationship  of  the  one 
grouping  of  states  to  the  other  is  as  follows: 

GEOGHAPmC  DIVISIONS. 


In  1904. 

In  1910. 

North  Atlantic. 

/New  England. 

North  Central . . 

lEast  North  Central. 

South  Central 

/East  South  Central. 

Western.. 

1  Mountain. 
\  Pacific. 

Age. — In  considering  the  classification  by  age  of  the 
inmates  of  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded  it  is  to 
be  remembered  that  the  mental  condition  indicated 
by  the  general  term  "feeble-minded"  is,  for  the  most 
part,  congenital,  and  that  the  admission  to  institu- 
tions for  this  class  of  defectives  usually  takes  place 
in  the  period  of  childhood  or  youth. 

The  following  table  shows  that  of  the  feeble-minded 
admitted  to  institutions  in  the  year  1910,  24.5  per 
cent,  or  nearly  one-fourth,  were  under  10  years  of 
age;  28.4  per  cent  were  between  10  and  15  years  of 
age;  and  21.3  per  cent  were  between  15  and  20. 
About  three-fourths  of  the  total  number,  therefore 
(74.2  per  cent),  were  under  20  years  of  age.  The 
age  distribution  of  those  present  in  institutions  on 
January  1,  1910,  shows  smaller  percentages  in  the 
younger  age  groups.     Not  quite  one-half   (47.3   per 


cent)  of  the  total  number  were  under  20  years  of  age, 
7.5  per  cent  being  under  10  years  of  age,  17.6  per 
cent  between  10  and  15,  and  22.2  per  cent  between 
15  and  20. 

The  number  of  inmates  present  and  the  nimiber  of 
admissions  in  proportion  to  population  is  shown  for 
each  age  group  by  the  ratios  in  the  following  table. 
The  ratio  of  admissions  reaches  its  maximum  in  the 
age  group  10  to  14,  in  which  group  11.9  persons  were 
admitted  to  every  100,000  persons  of  the  same  age. 
This  is  a  ratio  of  about  1  to  10,000.  In  all  the  age 
groups  above  30  years  of  age  the  ratio  is  less  than  2 
to  100,000. 


All  ages 

Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 
Age  unknowD 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS:  1910. 


Number. 


Enu- 
merated 


20,731 


Admit- 
ted dur- 
ing the 
year. 


3,825 


98 

139 

1,443 

798 

3,649 

1,086 

4,593 

815 

3,574 

310 

2,483 

189 

1,729 

124 

1,099 

98 

707 

66 

414 

37 

256 

24 

128 

18 

183 

52 

375 

69 

Per  cent 
distribution. 


Enu- 
merated 


Jan.  1. 


100.0 


0.5 

7.0 

17.6 

22.2 

17.2 

12.0 

8.3 

5.3 

3.4 

2.0 

1.2 

0.6 

0.9 

1.8 


Admit- 
ted dur- 
ing the 
year. 


3.6 
20.9 


4 
3 
8.  1 
4.9 
3.2 
2.6 
1.7 
1.0 
0.6 
0.5 
1.4 
1.8 


Per  100,000  popu- 
lation of  same  age. 


Enu-     j   Admit- 
merated  i  ted  dur- 
on  ing  the 

Jan.  1.        year. 


22.5 


4.2 


0.9 

14.8 

40.1 

50.7 

39.5 

30.4 

24.8 

17.2 

13.4 

9.3 

6.6 

4.6 

2.9 


1.3 

8.2 
11.9 
9.0 
3.4 
2.3 
1.8 
1.5 
1.3 
0.8 
0.6 
0.6 
0.8 


Race  and  nativity. — From  Table  7  (p.  188)  it  appears 
that  of  the  20,731  poreons  enumerated  in  institutions 
for  the  feeble-minded  on  Januaiy  1,  1910,  20,441  were 
white,  280  were  negroes,  and  10  were  classed  as  other 
colored,  comprising  Chinese,  Japanese,  and  Indians. 
Of  the  whites,  18,129  were  native  born  and  1,247 
foreign  born. 

Table  7  gives,  for  each  race  and  nativity  class,  the 
number  of  feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions 
on  January  1,  1910,  and  the  number  admitted  during 
the  year,  also  the  ratio  of  feeble-minded  in  institutions 
per  100,000  population.  It  must  be  remembered,  how-- 
ever,  that  these  ratios  are  not  a  safe  basis  for  conclu- 
sions regarding  the  relative  prevalence  of  feeble-mind- 
edness  in  the  different  classes  here  distinguished.  This 
is  forcibly  illustrated  by  the  contrast  between  the  ratios 
for  the  negroes  and  the  whites.  The  ratio  for  the  negro  is 
low,  as  compared  with  that  for  the  white,  simply  because 
89  per  cent  of  the  negroes  hve  in  the  South,  where  there 
are  very  few  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded. 

The  foreign-born  white  in  proportion  to  their  num- 
bers contribute  to  the  institutions  for  the  feeble- 
minded only  about  one-third  as  many  inmates  as  the 
native  white,  the  ratio  of  foreign-born  white  inmates 
to  the  foreign-born  white  population  being  9.3  to 
100,000,  while  the  corresponding  ratio  for  the  native 
white  was  26.5  to  100,000.     The  ratio  of  admissions 


li 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


during  the  year  was  1.6  to  100,000  for  the  former,  as 
compared  with  4.9  to  100,000  for  the  latter.  The 
difference  is  partly  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that 
there  are  comparatively  few  children  in  the  foreign- 
born  population,  most  of  the  immigrants  being  of 
adult  age  when  they  arrive  in  the  United  States. 
There  is  the  further  fact  that  under  the  immigration 
laws  the  feeble-minded  are  excluded  from  admission 
to  the  United  States,  or,  if  admitted,  are  Uable  to  depor- 
tation within  a  limited  period  thereafter. 

In  considering  the  numbers  and  ratios  shown  for  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage  and  the  native  white 
of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  in  Table  7  it  should  be 
remembered  that  the  classification  is  incomplete,  since 
the  question  as  to  parentage  was  unanswered  for  23.6 
per  cent,  or  almost  one-fourth  of  the  native  white 
feeble-minded  present  in  institutions  on  January  1, 
and  for  about  15  per  cent  of  those  admitted  during 
the  year.  This  deficiency,  of  course,  makes  the  num- 
bers and  ratios  too  small  for  each  parentage  class. 

According  to  the  nmnbers  reported  the  ratio  of 
feeble-minded  is  considerably  higher  for  the  native 
white  of  foreign  or  mixed  parentage  than  it  is  for  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage.  This  would  be  a 
natural  result  of  the  mere  difference  between  the 
geographic  distribution  of  the  two  classes.  The  native 
white  of  foreign  or  mixed  pai-entage  are  largely  con- 
centrated in  sections  of  the  United  States  where  some 
provision  is  made  for  the  institutional  care  of  the 
feeble-minded.  Only  6.7  per  cent  of  them  are  located 
in  the  South,  as  compared  with  37.5  per  cent  of  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage. 


Table  7 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS:   1910. 

RACE  AND  NATIVITY. 

Number. 

Per  100,000  popula- 
tion of  same  race 
and  nativity. 

Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during 

tlie  year. 

Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 

during 

the  year. 

Total       

20,731 

3,825 

22.5               4.2 

White                

20,441 

3,737 

25.0              4.6 

18,129 
8,408 
5,413 
4,308 
1,247 
1,065 

280 
10 

3,371 

1,626 

1,243 

502 

210 

156 

85 
3 

26.5 
17.0 

28.6 

4.9 

3.3 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

6.6 

9.3 

1.6 

2.8 
2.4 

0.9 

other  colored           

0.7 

Table  8  indicates  that  the  contrast  between  the 
native  and  the  foreign-born  white  as  regards  the  pro- 
portionate numbers  in  institutions  for  the  feeble- 
minded, is  as  marked  in  each  geographic  division  as 
it  is  for  the  country  as  a  whole. 

This  table  shows  statistics  for  the  negroes  also,  but 
the  numbers  involved  are  so  small  that  the  ratios  mav 


be  afl'ected  very  materially  by  circumstances  which  are 
merely  temporary  or  accidental.  The  strikingly  high 
ratio  for  New  England  should  not,  for  that  reason,  be 
accepted  as  typical  or  as  conclusive  evidence  of  a  per- 
manent difference  between  that  section  and  other  parts 
of  the  United  States  as  regards  the  admission  of  negroes 
to  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded. 


Table  8 

DmsioN.    ■ 

Enumerated  on 

Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during  the  year. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
bom 
white. 

Negro. 

Native 
white. 

Foreign- 
bom 
white. 

Negro. 

NUMBER. 

United  States 

18,129 

1,247 

2S0 

3,371 

210 

85 

1,795 

5,954 

4,797 

3,585 

571 

322 

19 

152 

934 

139 
459 
359 
222 
5 
2 

33 
97 
95 
45 

6 

551 

976 

807 

576 

83 

117 

11 

71 

179 

37 
86 
43 

1 

Middle  Atlantic 

27 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

16 
8 

East  South  Central 

17 

West  South  Central 

6 
55 

4 

Pacific 

15 

NUMBER  PER  100,000  POPtTLATION  OF  SAME  COLOR 
AND   NATinrT. 

United  States 

26.5 

9.3 

2.8 

4.9 

1.6 

0.9 

New  England 

38.5 

42.4 
32.3 
36.8 

0.7 

0.3 

7.3 

29.5 

7.7 
9.5 
11.7 
13.8 
1.7 
2.3 

49.8 
23.2 
31.6 
18.5 

■'"6."  2' 

11.8 
6.9 
5.4 
5.9 
1.1 
2.1 
0.2 
3.4 
5.7 

2.0 
1.8 
1.4 
1.7 
0.3 

25.5 

Middle  Atlantic 

6.5 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic 

5.3 
3.3 

East  South  Central 

0.6 

West  South  Central 

Mountain    . 

1.4 
6.4 

■■ii'?' 

■ 

Pacific 

1.7 

In  the  following  table  the  native  and  foreign-born 
white  present  in  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded  on 
January  1,  1910,  and  admitted  to  such  institutions 
during  the  year  1910,  are  classified  by  age  groups, 
and  the  ratio  of  inmates  present  and  of  admissions 
per  100,000  population  is  shown  for  each  age  group. 
Because  of  the  incompleteness  of  the  returns,  how- 
ever, it  is  deemed  inadvisable  to  present  ratios  for  the 
native  white  of  native  parentage  and  of  foreign  or 
mixed  parentage.  In  the  age  group  5  to  9  the  ratio 
of  inmates  to  total  population  is  somewhat  higher 
for  the  foreign-born  white  (19.1  per  100,000)  than  it 
is  for  the  native  white  (16.3  per  100,000),  and  in  the 
age  group  10  to  14  the  two  ratios  are  not  far  apart. 
Similarly,  the  ratio  of  admissions  for  the  two  classes 
indicates  no  very  great  difference  between  them  in 
these  age  groups.  In  all  older  age  groups,  however, 
the  ratio  of  inmates  present  and  of  admissions  is 
much  lower  for  the  foreign-born  white  than  for  the 
native  white,  as  would  be  expected  in  view  of  the 
restrictive  immigration  laws,  and  of  the  probabihty 
that  apart  from  the  existence  of  legal  barriers  at  the 
port  of  entry  feeble-minded  persons  are  not  likelj^  to 
emigrate  if  left  to  act  upon  their  own  initiative. 


ANALYSIS  OF  RETURNS. 


189 


Table  9 


.\GE  GROUP. 


All  ages... 

Under  5  years... 

5  to  9  years 

lOto  Hyears 

15tol9years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35to39yeats 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 
Age  unknown . . . 


All  ages 

Under  5 
5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

I.i  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 


yEEBLE-MINDED  IN  mSTITDTIONS:  1910. 


Enumerated  on         Admitted  during 
Jan.  1.  !'  the  year. 


Native 
white. 


Foreign- 
bom, 
white. 


Native 
white. 


Foreign- 
bom 
white. 


18,129 

1,247 

88 

4 

1,336 

57 

3,339 

139 

4,135 

194 

3.101 

232 

2,145 

199 

1,434 

153 

938 

97 

611 

62 

350 

39 

217 

25 

105 

11 

144 

26 

1S6 

9 

3,371 


131 

719 

977 

732 

269 

163 

103 

80 

58 

27 

20 

14 

38 

40 


34 
46 
39 
29 
16 
13 


NT7MBEB  PEE  100,000  POPULATION  OF 
SAUE  AGE,  RACE,  ASD  NATIVITY. 


26.5 


9.3 


1.0 

1C.3 

44.2 

56.7 

47.3 

38.3 

30.1 

21.7 

17.6 

12.0 

8.3 

5.6 

3.7 


3.9 

19.1 

38.8 

28.8 

16.2 

12.0 

10.2 

6.9 

4.8 

3.4 

2.7 

1.6 

0.5 


4.9  1 


1.6 


1.4 
8.8 
12.9 
10.0 
4.1 
2.9 
2.2 
1.9 
1.7 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
1.0 


11.4 
12.8 
5.8 
2.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.6 
0.4 
0.6 
0.1 
0.4 
0.3 


Sex. — In  the  following  table  the  inmates  of  institu- 
tions for  the  feeble-minded  enumerated  on  January  1, 
1910,  and  admitted  during  the  year  are  classified  by 
sex,  race,  and  nativity: 


Table  10 

PEEBLE-MDIDED  IN  INSTITnnONS:  1910. 

RACE  AND  NATIVITY. 

Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted  during 
the  year. 

Male.       Female. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total 

11,015         9,'716 

2,227 

1,598 

VThiUt 

10,849 

9,592 

2,173 

1,564 

Native     

9,656 
4,679 
3,038 
1,939 
647 
546 

162 
4 

8,437 
3,729 
2,375 
2,369 
600 
519 

118 
6 

1,987 
986 
720 
281 
115 
71 

53 

1 

1  384 

Native  parentage 

640 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

523 
221 

Foreign  bom 

95 

Nativity  unknown.. 

85 

Negro               

32 

2 

According  to  the  census  of  1890,  which  included  a 
general  enumeration  of  defective  classes  in  the  United 
States,  there  were  124.2  feeble-minded  males  to  every 
100  feeble-minded  females.  In  the  report  for  1904, 
covering  only  inmates  of  institutions,  the  ratio  was 
116.2  males  to  100  females,  and  in  the  present  report, 
as  shown  in  the  following  table,  it  is  113.4,  while  in 
the  general  population  the  ratio  of  males  to  100  fe- 
males is  106.  The  admissions  during  the  year  show  a 
considerably  larger  proportion  of  males  than  the 
enumeration  at  the  beginning  of  the  vear. 


Table  11 

MALES    PEE    100    FEMALES    IN    THE 
UNITED  STATES. 

CLASSIFICATION. 

In  institutions  for 
feeble-minded. 

General 
population. 

Enumer- 
ated on 
Jan.  1,1910. 

Admitted 

during 

1910. 

Total                

113.4 

139.4 

106.0 

113.1 

138.9 

106.6 

114.0 
125.5 
127.9 
81.8 
107.8 
105.2 

137.3 

143.6 
154.1 
137.7 
127.1 

^:] 

102.7 

104.0 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

99.  S 

Foreign  bom 

129.2 

Negro 

98.9 

»  Ratio  not  shown,  the  number  of  females  being  less  than  100. 

C 

From  the  next  table  it  appears  that  the  inmates  of 
institutions  for  the  feeble-minded  include  more  males 
than  females,  not  only  absolutely  but  in  proportion 
to  the  total  population  of  the  same  se.x.  On  January 
1  the  ratio  of  male  inmates  to  100,000  male  population 
was  23.3,  the  corresponding  ratio  of  female  inmates 
being  21.8;  the  ratio  of  admissions  during  the  year  to 
100,000  popidation  of  the  same  sex  was  4.7  for  males 
and  3.6  for  females. 

Compared  by  age  groups  the  ratio  of  inmates 
present  is  higher  for  males  than  for  females  up  to  the 
age  of  25,  and  above  that  age  is  higher  for  females.  In 
the  case  of  admissions  the  ratio  is  higher  for  males  in 
the  age  groups  below  20  and  above  45,  but  in  the 
groups  between  20  and  45  is  higher  for  females. 


Table  IZ 


AGE  GEOUP. 


All  ages . 


Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  U  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to29  vears 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over . 
Age  unknown 


.\llages 

Under  5  years... 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

5.5  to  59  yt^ars 

60  years  and  over 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITDTIONS:   1910. 


Enumerated  on 
Jan.  1, 


Male.       Female.        Male. 


-Admitted    during 
the  year. 


Female. 


11,015 


61 

906 

2,248 

2,532 

1,862 

1,239 

797 

456 

310 

157 

112 

57 

89 

1S9 


9,716 


37 

537 

1,401 

2,061 

1,712 

1,244 

932 

643 

397 

257 

144 

71 

94 

186 


2,227 


86 

524 

669 

453 

149 

95 

51 

49 

27 

24 

17 

10 

30 

43 


1,598 


53 

274 

417 

362 

161 

94 

73 

49 

39 

13 

7 

8 

22 

26 


NUMBEE    PER     100,000    P0PUL.ATION    OF 
SAME  AGE  AND  SEX. 


23.3 


1.1 

18.4 

48.9 

55.9 

40.7 

29.2 

21.8 

13.5 

11.1 

6.6 

5.3 

3.8 

2.8 


21.8 


4.7 


0.7 
11.  1 
31.1 
45.4 
3a  2 
31.6 
28.1 
21.2 
16.0 
12.3 
8.0 
5.5 
3.1 


1.6 
10.6 
14.5 
10.0 
3.3 
2.2 
1.4 
1.5 
1.0 
1.0 
0.8 
0.7 
0.9 


3.6 


1.0 
5.7 
9.3 
8.0 
3.0 
2.4 
2.2 
1.6 
1.6 
0.6 
0.4 
0.6 
0.7 


190 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


Physically  defective  feeble-minded. — Table  13  brings 
out  the  significant  fact  that  a  large  proportion  of  the 
feeble-minded  are  physically  defective — that  is,  blind, 
deaf,  crippled,  maimed  or  deformed,  paralytic  or  epi- 
leptic. Out  of  a  total  of  20,731  persons  enmnerated 
on  January  1,  1910,  in  institutions  for  the  feeble- 
miaded,  5,246,  or  25.3  per  cent,  are  reported  as  thus 
defective,  wliile  of  the  3,825  admitted  to  the  institu- 
tions during  the  year,  910,  or  23.8  per  cent,  were 
defective. 

It  is  of  some  interest  to  note  that  the  proportion 
reported  as  physically  defective  was  considerably 
smaller  ia  1910  than  it  was  in  1904.  Based  on  the 
total  number  enimaerated  at  the  beginniag  of  the  year 
and  admitted  duriug  the  year,  the  percentage  phys- 
ically defective  declined  from  30.2  in  1904  to  25.1  in 
1910.  The  decline  took  place  principally  in  the  per- 
centage of  epileptics,  which  was  17.8  in  1904  and  11.6 
in  1910,  and  probably  reflects  the  tendency  to  make 
special  provision  for  the  care  of  epileptics  in  colonies 
or  separate  Lastitutions. 

The  followuig  table  gives  the  percentage  of  phys- 
ically defective  in  the  several  geographic  divisions.  It 
may  be  noted  that  the  percentages  in  the  New  England 
and  the  Middle  Atlantic  divisions  are  considerably 
lower  than  iu  most  of  the  other  divisions,  and  probably 
reflect  differences  in  the  extent  to  which  provision 
has  been  made  for  the  care  of  defectives  in  special 
institutions. 


Table  13 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IS  INSTITDTIONS— PERCENTAGE 
REPOETED  AS  PHYSICALLY  DEFECTIVE. 

DIVTSION. 

Total. 

Blind.  Deaf. 

Crippled, 
maimed, 
or  de- 
formed. 

Para- 
lytic. 

Epi- 
leptic 

Two  or 
more 
defects. 

ENTJMERATED  ON  JAN.  1. 

United  States 

25.3 

0.6 

1.4 

4.7        2.9 

11.8 

3.9 

New  England 

17.3 
18.7 
29.6 
33.2 
39.2 
20.6 
47.4 
16.9 
37.7 

0.8 
0.3 
0.6 
0.7 
0.9 
0.9 
10.5 

"'o.i' 

1.8 
0.8 
1.3 

1.  7 
0.7 

"o.'e' 

5.3 

2.5 
4.3 
6.5 
4.6 
4.3 
2.1 
15.8 
1.3 
2.3 

4.6 
1.9 
3.4 
3.6 
2.4 
3.6 

""I'.Y 

5.5 
7.7 
12.8 
17.7 
21.9 
13.3 
15.8 
14.4 
15.9 

2.1 

Middle  Atlantic 

1.6 

East  Nortli  Central 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic '  . 

4.9 
4.9 

9.1 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

Moimtain 

0.6 
5.3 
0.6 

11.8 

ADMITTED  DURING  THE  TEAR. 

United  States 

23.8 

0.6 

1.8 

4.0 

3.5 

10.3 

3.7 

N«w  F.n(^lanH 

16.3 

15.4 
25.0 
38.9 
27.0 
30.4 
9.1 
39.4 
33.5 

0.5 
0.7 
0.4 
0.8 

1.3 
2.2 
1.2 
1.3 

2.5 
3.9 
3.7 
4.8 
3.4 
8.9 

3.8 
2.0 
3.6 
5.6 
3.4 
10.4 

6.4 
4.9 
12.1 
18.4 
15.7 
5.2 

1.9 

1.6 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

South  Atlantic 

3.9 
8.0 
4.5 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

2.2 

3.0 

0.7 
9.1 

Mountain 

Pacific 

4.2 
4.1 

18.3 

1.4 

11.3 

21.1 

4.2 

S  2 

Discharges. — Most  of  those  inmates  who  were  dis- 
charged from  institutions  for  the  feeble-minded  in  1910 
were  intrusted  to  the  care  of  relatives  or  friends,  <mly 


55  being  reported  as  discharged  to  "keeping  of  self." 
As  regards  the  condition  of  those  discharged,  612,  or 
about  61  per  cent,  were  reported  as  improved,  which 
includes  those  who  were  cured,  if  any,  and  280  as 
unimproved,  while  for  117  no  report  \vas  obtained. 


CUSTODY  AND  CONDITION. 


Total 

Custody: 

Disdiarged  to  custody  of  relative  or  friend. 

Discharged  to  custody  of  self 

No  report  as  to  custody 

Condition: 

Improved , 

Not  improved 

Not  reported 


FEEBLE-MINDED  INUATES  OF 
INSTFIDTIOSS  WHO  WERE 
DISCHARGED  IS  THE  YEAB 
1910. 


Total. 


1,009 


864 
55 
90 

612 
2S0 
117 


Male. 


650 
50 
54 

399 

187 


Female. 


355 


314 
6 
36 

213 
93 
49 


Deaths. — The  number  of  deaths  reported  in  in- 
stitutions for  the  feeble-minded  in  the  year  1910 
was  895.  The  ratio  of  deaths  to  the  number  of  inmates 
present  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  was  approxi- 
mately 43  to  1,000.  If  the  ratio  is  computed  on  the 
basis  of  the  number  of  inmates  present  at  the  beginning 
of  the  year  (20,731)  plus  the  number  admitted  during 
the  year  (3,825)  it  becomes  approximately  36  to 
1,000.  It  may  be  said,  therefore,  that  tlie  death  rate 
for  the  feeble-minded  in  institutions  lies  between  36 
and  43  per  1,000.  Naturally  the  rate  is  high  for  a 
class  of  population  mentally,  and  also  to  a  large 
extent  physically,  defective  or  diseased. 

Almost  one-fourth  of  the  deaths  reported  (23.5  per 
cent)  were  from  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  17.1  per 
cent  were  from  epilepsy,  and  11.8  from  pneumonia. 
These  three  causes  account  for  more  than  one-half 
(52.4  per  cent)  of  the  total  number  of  deaths. 


Table  15 


ClUSE  OF  DEATH. 


All  causes 

Typhoid  fever 

Dysentery 

Erysipelas 

Tuberculosis  of  the  lungs 

Other  forms  of  tuberculosis , 

Cancer  and  other  malignant  tumors . . , 

Cerebral  hemorrhage  and  softening 

General  paralysis  of  the  insane 

Other  forms  of  mental  alienation , 

Epilepsy 

\U   other   diseases    of   the    nervous 

system , 

Organic  diseases  of  the  heart 

Diseases    of    the    arteries    (arterio- 
sclerosis), etc 

Pneumonia  (all  forms) , 

Diarrhea  and  enteritis , 

Nephritis  (Bright's  disease) 

Senility 

Suicide , 

Violent  deaths  (suicide  excepted) 

All  other  causes 

Cause  unknown 


FEEBLE-MINDED     IN     INSTITtmONS     'WHO 
DIED  IN  1910. 


TotaL 


10 

4 

4 

210 

29 
7 

13 

9 

9 

153 

33 
41 

2 

106 
42 
17 
12 
1 
12 

170 
11 


Male. 


fe- 
male. 


411 


4 
3 

2 
113 


Per  cent  distributioiL 


Total. 


100.0 


1.1 
0.4 
0.4 
23.5 


Male. 


100.0 


15 

3.2  ' 

6 

0.8  1 

4 

1.5  i 

2 

1.0  j 

4 

1.0  1 

57 

17.1  j 

16 

3.7 

21 

4.6 

1 

0.2 

43 

11.8 

IS 

4.7 

10 

1.9 

9 

1.3 

1 

0.1 

2 

1.3 

73 

19.0 

7 

1.2 

1.2 
0.2 
0.4 

20.0 
2.9 
0.2 
1.9 
1.4 
1.0 

19.8 

3.5 
4.1 

0.2 
13.0 
5.0 
1.4 
0.6 


2.1 

20.0 

0.8 


Fe- 
male. 


100.0 


1.0 
0.7 
0.5 

27.5 
3.6 
1.5 
1.0 
0.5 
1.0 

13.9 

3.9 
5.1 

0.2 
10.5 
4.4 
2.4 
2.2 
0.2 
0.5 
17.8 
1.7 


GENERAL  TABLES 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS 


(191) 


192 


FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS. 

Table  1.— FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS,  1910: 


DJSTITDTION. 

FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTTTnTIONS. 

Enumerated  on  January 

1,  1910. 

Total. 

Uale. 

Female. 

White. 

Colored. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativity 
unknown. 

1 

United  States 

20,731 

11,015 

9,716 

18,129 

1,247 

1,065 

290 

CALIFORNIA. 
Total          

o 

854 

825 

6 
23 

64 

64 

294 
294 

1,265 

1,221 

44 

1,135 
1,135 

1,189 

1,186 

3 

420 
420 

283 

208 
75 

62 
62 

310 

298 
12 

1,464 

1,343 

45 

54 

H 
11 

986 
946 

13 

27 

1,194 
1,194 

512 

400 

66 

39 

7 

51 

51 

470 

455 

6 
9 

39 
39 

156 
156 

718 

693 

25 

518 
518 

619 
618 

1 

237 
237 

167 
121 
46 

49 
49 

151 

144 
7 

879 

783 
45 

40 
5 

6 

518 

503 

2 
13 

62S 
628 

233 
186 
44 

384 
370 

784 

757 

6 
21 

60 
60 

274 
274 

1,062 

1,019 

43 

1,072 
1,072 

1,129 

1,126 

3 

393 
393 

283 

208 

75 

62 
62 

307 
295 

12 

1,278 

1,162 
42 

52 
11 
11 

824 

784 

13 
27 

1,053 
1,053 

4% 

397 

56 

36 

7 

51 
51 

50 
48 

15 
15 

5 
5 

1 

Public: 

Sonoma  State  Home,  Eldridge 

i 

Private: 

Bird  Haven  (Inc.),  San  Jose 

5 

Osborne  Hall,  Santa  Clara 

14 

25 
25 

138 
138 

547 

528 

19 

617 
617 

570 

568 

2 

183 
183 

116 
87 
29 

13 
13 

159 

154 

5 

5S6 
560 

14 
6 
5 

468 

443 

11 
14 

566 
566 

279 

214 

22 

39 

4 

21 
21 

2 

2 
2 

12 
12 

49 

48 

1 

5 
6 

25 
25 

fi 

COLORADO. 
Total 

2 
2 

5 
5 

133 
133 

7 

Private: 

Woodoroft  Snhool  for  Feeble-minded  Obildren,  Pueblo 

8 

CONNECTICUT. 
Total 

3 
3 

21 
21 

q 

Public: 

Cnnnenticiit  RchonI  for  Tmh«*ilp<!    T.ftVevillft 

in 

ILLINOIS. 
Total 

11 

PubUc; 

T.innnln  .Stat^  Schonl  ft.nd  Cnlnnv,  T.inp/iln. 

^?. 

Private: 

13 

INDIANA. 
Total 

37 
37 

21 
21 

21 
21 

14 
14 

14 

PubUc: 

IS 

IOWA. 
Total 

Ifi 

Public: 

17 

Private: 

IS 

KANSAS. 
Total 

3 
3 

24 
24 

19 

PubUc: 

.Statft  TToTTiA  for  Fpftble-fninHed,  Wjnfipld 

2n 

KENTUCKY. 
Total 

21 

PubUc: 

22 

Private: 

The  Stewart  Home  and  School  tor  Feeble-minded,  Farmdale 

23 

MAINE. 
Total 

24 

Public: 

Maine  School  for  Feeble-minded,  West  Pownal 

2.1 

MARYLAND. 
Total 

3 
3 

26 

PubUe: 

Maryland  Asylum  and  Training  School  for  Feeble-minded,  Owings  Mills. 
Private: 

Gelston  Heights  Private  Home  for  Mental  Defectives,  Gelston  Heights, 
Baltimore. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 
Total 

27 

28 

123 

119 
2 

2 

34 

33 

1 

29 
29 

29 
30 

PubUc: 

Massachusetts  School  for  Feeble-minded,  Waltham  (P.  0.  Waverly) 

31 

Private: 

Elm  Hill  Private  School  and  Home  for  the  Feeble-minded,  Barre 

Institution  (name  withheld) 

32 

33 

Mrs.  W.  D.  Herrick's  Home  School,  The  Terrace,  Amherst 

34 

MICHIGAN. 
Total 

80 
80 

78 
78 

4 

4 

S.'J 

PubUc: 

Michigan  Home  for  the  Feeble-minded  and  Epileptic,  Lapeer 

36 

Private: 

St.  -Anthony's  School  for  Feeble-minded,  Nazareth 

37 

Wilbur  Home  and  School  for  the  Backward  and  Mentally  Defective, 
Kalamazoo. 

MINNESOTA. 

38 

132 
132 

16 

3 

10 
3 

5 
5 

4 

4 

39 
40 

Public: 

Minnesota  School  for  Feeble-minded  and  Colony  for  EpaepHcs,  Faribault. 

MISSOURL 
Total 

41 

PubUc: 

Missouri  Colony  for  the  Feeble-minded  and  Epileptic,  MarehaU 

Private: 

Emmaus  Asylum  for  Epileptics  and  Feeble-minded,  MarthasvUle 

42 

43 

44 

3 

30 
30 

45 

MONTANA. 
Total 

46 

PubUc: 

Montana  Training  School  for  Backward  Children,  Boulder 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


193 


SUMMARY  BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS. 


P£EBLE-H1NDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS — Continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Discharged  in  1910. 

Transferred  in  1910. 

Died  in 
1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

White. 

Colored. 

To  keep- 
ing of 
friends  or 
relatives. 

To  keep- 
ing of 
self. 

Not 
reported. 

To  other  institutions 
tor  feeble-minded. 

To  insti- 
tutions 
not  for 
feeble- 
minded. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bora. 

Nativity 
unlmown. 

Present 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 
in  1910. 

3,825 

2,227 

1,598 

3,371 

210 

lofl 

88 

804 

55 

90 

107 

17 

180 

895 

1 

166 
157 

S 

4 

9 
9 

47 
47 

207 
171 
36 

102 
102 

201 
201 

101 
98 

6S 
59 

S 

1 

3 
3 

16 
16 

77 
67 
10 

49 
49 

90 
90 

155 
149 

2 

4 

9 

9 

44 
44 

185 
149 
36 

94 
94 

192 
192 

11 
8 
3 

23 
21 

4 
4 

8 
4 

4 

36 
33 

2 

1 

1 
1 

27 
27 

42 
33 
9 

43 
43 

51 
51 

? 

3 

4 

3 

6 
6 

31 
31 

130 
104 
26 

53 
S3 

111 
111 

2 

10 
10 

10 
10 

61 
40 
21 

48 
48 

75 
75 

5 

U 
11 

6 

7 

1 
1 

9 
9 

2 
2 

10 
10 

R 

9 

3 
3 

4 
3 

1 

9 
9 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

2 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 

10 
11 

1 

n 

3 
3 

2 
2 

2 
2 

5 

5 

3 
3 

2 
2 

1 
1 

13 

14 

15 

IS 

17 

86 
86 

86 
64 
22 

83 
83 

22 
20 
2 

458 

233 
222 

47 

47 

46 

37 

9 

60 
60 

17 
16 

1 

246 

132 
111 

39 
39 

40 
27 
13 

23 
23 

5 
4 
1 

212 

101 
HI 

79 

79 

86 
64 
22 

SO 
80 

22 
20 
2 

377 

193 
181 

7 

7 

5 
5 

15 
5 
10 

1 
1 

11 

9 
2 

45 

32 
12 

3 
3 

4 
3 

1 

4 
4 

2 
2 

25 

15 
15 

18 

19 

?0 

21 

22 

3 
3 

4 
4 

6 

6 

23 

24 

?5 

26 

?7 

36 

15 
21 

28 

19 
9 

17 

6 
11 

1 
1 

1 
1 

51 
50 

5 

3 
1 

29 

25 
4 

24 

22 
2 

28 

29 
30 

31 

3 

3 

3 

1 

1 

32 

1 

33 

204 

19« 

3 
5 

207 
207 

60 

38 

15 
6 
1 

49 
49 

112 

106 

2 
4 

119 

119 

29 
20 

8 

92 

90 

1 
1 

88 
88 

31 

18 

7 
6 

161 

153 

3 
5 

195 
195 

55 

36 

12 
6 
1 

49 
49 

13 
13 

25 
25 

5 
5 

13 

7 

2 
4 

50 
50 

27 

21 

2 
3 

1 

34 
34 

1 

73 

73 

1 

68 
68 

34 

3.S 

1 

36 

1 

1 
1 

6 
6 

37 

10 
10 

3 

1 
1 

2 
2 

1 

1 

5 
5 

1 

1 

1 

1 

68 
C8 

19 
14 

3 

1 
1 

1 
I 

38 

39 

1 

40 



41 

3 

1 

42 

43 

1 

28 
28 





44 

21 
21 

2 
2 

7 
7 

4S 

4« 

276220— 14- 


-13 


194 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 

Tabie  1.— FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS,  1910: 


rasirrnTioN. 


NEBRASKA. 

Total 

Public: 

Nebraska  Institute  tor  Feeble-minded  Youth,  Beatrice 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Total 

PubUc: 

New  Hampshire  School  for  Feeble-minded  Children,  Laconia 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Total 

PubUc: 

New  Jersey  State  Institution  for  Feeble-minded  Women,  Vineland 

Private: 

Bancroft  Training  School,  Haddonfield 

"The  Larches,"  Cranbury .t 

New  Jersey  Training  School  for  Feeble-mindedOirls  and  Boys,  Vineland . 
The  Seguin  School,  Orange 

NEW  YORK. 

Total 

Public: 

New  York  State  Custodial  Asylum  for  Feeble-minded  Women,  Newark. 

Rome  State  Custodial  Asylum,  Rome 

Syracuse  State  Institution  for  Feeble-minded  Children,  Syracuse 

>few  York  City  Children's  Hospitals  and  Schools,  Randall's  Island, 
New  York  City. 
Private: 

The  Brunswick  Home,  Amityville 

Institution  (name  withheld) 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 

Total 

Public: 

North  Dakota  Institution  for  Feeble-minded,  Grafton 

OHIO. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Institution  for  Feeble-minded,  Columbus 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Eastern  Peimsylvania  State  Institution  for  the  Feeble-minded  and  Epi- 
leptic, Spring  City. 

Pennsylvania  Training  School  for  Feeble-minded  Children.  Elwjrn 

Western  Pennsylvania  State  Institution  for  Feeble-mindea,  Polk 

Private: 

The  Brookwood  School,  Landsdowne 

Miss  McGrew's  School  for  Boys  of  High  Grade  Defective  Mentality,  Bala. 
Institution  (name  withheld) 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Rhode  Island  School  for  the  Feeble-minded,  Slocum 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

Total 

PubUc: 

South  Dakota  School  for  Feeble-minded,  Redfield  ' 

TENNESSEE. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Davidson  County  Hospital,  Nashville 

TEXAS. 

Total 

Private: 

Texas  School  and  Sanitarium  for  Defectives,  Austin 

UT.VH. 

Total 

PubUc: 

Utah  State  Mental  Hospital,  Provo 

VIRGINIA. 

Total 

Private: 

Virginia  Home  and  Training  School  for  the  Feeble-minded  and  Epi- 
leptic, Falls  Church. 

WASHINGTON. 

Total 

Public: 

State  Institution  for  Feeble-minded,  Medical  Lake 

WEST  VraGINL\. 

Total 

PubUc: 

The  West  Virginia  Asylum,  Huntington 

WISCONSIN. 
Total 

Public: 

Wisconsin  Home  for  Feeble-minded,  Chippewa  Falls 

Chippewa  County  Asylum,  Chippewa  Falfe 

Private: 

EvangeUcal  Lutheran  Home  for  Feeble-mindecL  Watertown 

St.  Coletta's  Institute  for  Backward  Youth,  Jefferson 


FEEBLE-MlNDEn  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


Enumerated  on  January  1, 1910. 


Total. 


446 
446 

144 
144 

640 

182 

49 

10 

374 

25 

3,421 

792 

1,045 

545 

913 

120 
6 

145 
145 

1,526 
1,526 

2,705 

194 

1,065 
1,425 

11 
8 
2 

48 

48 


47 
47 

19 
19 

46 
45 

60 
60 

169 
169 

214 

214 

1,029 

918 
18 

39 

54 


Male. 


235 
235 

70 
70 

296 


23 
4 

263 


1,685 


764 
276 
557 


79 
79 

810 
810 


612 

774 


Female, 


211 
211 

74 
74 

344 

182 

26 

6 

111 

19 

1,736 

792 
281 
269 
356 


716 
716 

1,107 


453 
651 


25 

22 

26 

22 

9 

10 

9 

10 

4S 

46 

29 

31 

29 

31 

90 

69 

90 

69 

116 

98 

116 

98 

468 

561 

421 
8 

497 
10 

18 
21 

21 
33 

White. 


Native. 


404 
404 

141 
141 

644 

119 

44 

9 

347 

25 


670 
884 
468 
717 


120 
6 


110 
110 


2,545 

156 

1,023 
1,346 

10 
8 
2 

40 
40 


39 
39 

19 
19 

41 
41 

60 
60 

150 
150 

204 
204 

947 

845 
10 

38 
54 


Foreign 
bora. 


333 

75 

99 

28 

131 


32 
32 

162 


Nativity 
unknown. 


3 
3 

426 
426 

26 
19 


'  No  reports. 


GENERAL  TABLES. 

SUMMARY  BY  INDIVIDUAL  INSTITUTIONS— Continued. 


195 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  fflSTlTDTIONS— Continued. 

Admitted  in  1910. 

Disdiarged  in  1910. 

Transferred  in  1910. 

Diedta 
1910. 

23 
23 

2 
2 

10 
5 

2 

1 
2 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

White. 

Ckjlored. 

To  keep- 
ing of 
friends  or 
relatives. 

To  keep- 
ing of 
self. 

Not 
reported. 

To  other  institutions 
lor  feeble-minded. 

To  insti- 
tutions 
not  for 
feeble- 
minded. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bora. 

Nativity 
unknown 

Present 
Jan.  1. 

Admitted 
in  1910. 

23 
23 

46 
46 

106 

40 

12 

8 

31 

15 

629 

27 
163 

54 
365 

17 
3 

47 
47 

150 
150 

417 

105 

58 
249 

10 
10 

27 
27 

42 
1 

25 
349 

13 
13 

19 
19 

64 

39 

4 

4 

6 

11 

280 

27 
55 
32 
158 

7 
1 

18 
18 

59 
59 

133 

21 
21 

44 

44 

80 

16 

11 
8 
30 
15 

526 

21 

150 

48 

288 

16 
3 

34 
34 

139 
139 

370 

90 

55 
220 

2 
2 

1 

7 

2 
2 

18 
18 

5 
5 

33 

2 

7 
2 
7 
15 

163 

4 

12 

19 

123 

3 
2 

11 
11 

45 
45 

110 
16 

35 

56 

2 

1 
1 

1 
1 

1 

4 

4 

3 

1 

4 
3 

1 

10 

S 

ft 

7 

s 

1 

1 

10 

q 

in 

65 

3 

7 
3 
51 

1 

26 

3 
3 
3 

17 

12 

3 

2 

40 

11 

52 
6 

143 

15 

50 

4 

06 

8 

11 

17 

108 
22 
207 

10 
2 

29 
29 

91 
91 

284 

105 

42 
133 

3 

1 

4 
21 
U 

4 

3 

n 

14 

9 

2 

2 

8 

IS 
16 

17 

11 
11 

2 
2 

17 
9 

2 

6 

1 
1 

4 
4 

19 

1 
1 

5 
5 

11 

6 

1 
4 

1 
1 

1 
1 

14 

13 

13 

37 
37 

103 

3 

21 
78 

1 

18 

19 

1 
1 

37 

32 

3 
2 

?n 

?1 

9 

2 
1 

?? 

n 

16 
116 

?4 

19 

14 

6 

?5 

1 

76 

3 
2 

6 
6 

3 

1 

6 
6 

3 

2 

6 
6 

3 

77 

1 

1 

1 
1 

78 

2 
2 

1 
1 

?fl 

10 

31 

32 

49 
49 

11 
11 

13 
13 

19 
19 

28 
28 

48 
48 

246 
184 

36 
36 

8 
S 

7 
7 

10 
10 

16 

16 

26 
26 

150 
108 

13 
13 

3 
3 

6 
6 

9 
9 

12 
12 

22 
22 

96 
76 

31 
31 

11 
11 

13 
13 

19 
19 

24 

24 

42 
42 

228 

171 

1 
1 

17 
17 

1 
1 

8 
8 

3 
3 

2 
2 

24 

24 

2 
2 

28 

8 

1 

9 
10 

4 

4 

2 
2 

1 
1 

19 
19 

33 

34 

3 
3 

35 

36 

37 

38 

2 
2 

4 
4 

19 
19 

89 

84 

1 

3 

1 

39 

40 

4 
4 

1 
1 

16 
11 

1 
1 

1 
1 

41 

42 

5 
5 

2 
2 

43 

44 

2 

2 
1 

4.'> 

46 

1 

1 

47 

42 
20 

27 
15 

15 
5 

37 
20 

S 

48 

1 

40 

^ 

196 


FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS. 

Table  2.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910, 


DIVISION   AND  STATE. 

rEEBLE-MINDED 

ENUMEEATED  IN  INSTmjTIONS 

ON  JANUAET  1,  1910. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

Total. 

Native. 

Total. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

20,731 

11,015 

9,716 

20,441 

10,849 

9,592 

18,129 

9,656 

8,473 

8,408 

4,679 

3,729 

Geogeaphic  divisions: 

New  England  

1 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

584 

330 

19 

100 

1,013 

1,202 

3,579 

3,032 

2,031 

296 

192 

9 

114 

560 

810 

3,187 

2,909 

1,875 

288 

138 

10 

46 

453 

1,979 

6.663 

5,846 

3,859 

584 

324 

19 

160 

1,007 

1,185 

3,521 

2,981 

1,999 

296 

188 

9 

114 

556 

794 

3,142 

2,865 

1,860 

288 

136 

10 

46 

451 

1,795 

5,954 

4,797 

3,585 

571 

322 

19 

152 

934 

1,087 

3,180 

2,402 

1,869 

293 

186 

9 

109 

521 

708 

2,774 

2,395 

1,716 

278 

136 

10 

43 

413 

739 

2,928 

2,202 

1,483 

347 

118 

16 

92 

483 

429 

1,675 

1,178 

784 

193 

66 

9 

69 

278 

310 

1,253 

1,024 

699 

154 

52 

7 

23 

207 

1 

A 

East  North  Central 

S 

West  North  Central 

6 

South  Atlantic 

7 

East  South  Central 

fl 

9 

Mountain                     

in 

Pacific 

New  England: 

Maine.             

11 

62 
144 

49 
70 

13 
74 

62 
144 

49 

70 

13 

74 

62 
141 

49 
68 

13 
73 

34 

87 

29 
42 

5 

45 

p 

New  Hampshire 

n 

Vermont 

14 

Massachusetts 

1,404 

48 

294 

3,421 

640 

2,705 

1,526 
1,135 
1,265 
986 
1,029 

1,194 

1,189 

512 

145 

879 
48 
156 

1,685 

296 

1,598 

810 
518 
718 
518 
468 

628 

619 

233 

79 

585 

1,435 

47 
291 

3,374 

631 

2,658 

1,480 
1.114 
1,244 
982 
1,026 

1,190 

1,175 

512 

145 

S66 
47 
153 

1,666 

292 

1,563 

782 
507 
709 
517 
466 

625 

610 

233 

79 

569 

1,278 

40 

274 

2,865 

544 

2,545 

892 

1,072 

1,062 

824 

947 

1,053 

1,129 

496 

110 

783 
40 
147 

1,424 

274 
1,482 

465 
480 
590 
430 
437 

560 
693 
226 
61 

495 

1,441 

270 

1,063 

427 
592 
472 
394 
610 

503 
536 
270 
49 

513 
15 
90 

927 

280 

1,721 

610 
686 
451 
385 
170 

292 

616 

18 

34 

301 
15 

42 

533 
160 
982 

321 
319 
259 
197 
82 

148 

339 

5 

13 

212 

11 

Phndo  T^lnnH 

15 

flnnnpetient 

138 

1,736 

344 

1,107 

716 

617 
547 
468 
561 

566 
570 
279 
66 

138 

1,708 

339 

1,095 

698 
607 
535 
465 
560 

565 

565 

279 

66 

48 

394 
120 
739 

289 
267 
192 

ISS 
88 

144 

277 

13 

21 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

18 

11 

PpTiil^ylvftnif^.    ,,. 

9n 

East  Noeth  Centeal: 

Ohio 

?i 

?'> 

Illinois 

n 

?4 

Wi';fV>n<jin  , 

?'i 

West  Noeth  Central: 
Minnesota 

?B 

Iowa 

?7 

Missouri     .   . 

?S 

North  Dakota 

f) 

South  Dakota 

30 

446 
420 

235 
237 

211 
183 

441 

396 

233 
219 

208 
177 

404 
393 

222 

217 

182 
176 

210 
313 

110 

169 

100 
144 

11 

K'anW'* 

3? 

South  Atlantic: 

31 

310 

151 

159 

310 

151 

159 

307 

151 

156 

215 

115 

100 

34 

District  of  Columbia 

3i 

60 
214 

29 
116 

31 
98 

60 
214 

29 
116 

31 

98 

60 
204 

29 
113 

31 
91 

56 

7C 

27 
51 

29 
25 

35 

West  Virginia 

37 

3S 

.^onth  Cftmlina 

3<) 

40 

Florida 

41 

East  Soitth  Central: 

■      283 
47 

167 
25 

116 

22 

283 
41 

167 
21 

116 
20 

283 
39 

167 
19 

116 
20 

80 
38 

47 
19 

33 
19 

4'' 

Tennessee. 

43 

Alabama 

41 

Mississippi 

4S 

West  South  Centeal: 

45 

T.onit;iftTi;\ 

47 

Oklnhnma 

4S 

19 
51 

9 
30 

10 
21 

19 
61 

9 

30 

.     .. 
10 

21 

19 
51 

9 
30 

10 
21 

16 
32 

9 
18 

7 
14 

4<) 

Mountain: 

50 

Idaho.           .  .        

51 

5? 

Colorado 

64 

39 

25 

64 

39 

25 

60 

38 

22 

26 

17 

9 

53 

New  Mexico.   . 

54 

5i 

Utah  .                      .... 

45 

45 

45 

45 

41 

41 

34 

34 

55 

57 

PACmc: 

159 

90 

69 

158 

89 

69 

150 

85 

65 

80 

49 

31 

5S 

50 

854 

470 

384 

849 

467 

382 

784 

436 

348 

403 

227 

176 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


197 


FEEBLE-MINDED  EITOMERATED  IN  mSTITUnONS  ON  JAITOART  1,  1910— CODtinaed. 

White— Continued. 

Other  colored. 

Native— Continued. 

Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown.        , 

1 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

5,413 

3,038 

2,375 

4,308 

1,939 

2,369 

1,247 

647 

600 

1,065 

546 

519 

280 

162 

118 

10 

4 

6 

1 

733 

1,858 

1,066 

1,327 

19 

1 

2 

33 

374 

459 
1,047 

584 

704 

8 

274 

811 

432 

623 

11 

1 

2 

9 

162 

323 

1,168 

1,529 

775 

206 

203 

1 

27 

77 

199 
458 
640 
381 
92 
120 

124 

710 

889 

394 

113 

83 

1 

11 

44 

139 
459 
359 
222 
5 
2 

72 
227 
203 
110 
2 
2 

67 
232 
156 
112 
3 

45 
2.50 
690 

52 

8 

26 
114 
376 

20 

1 

19 
136 
314 

32 

7 

33 
97 
95 

45 

17 
56 
51 
31 

16 
41 
44 
14 

? 

6 

2 

4 

3 
4 

2 

1 

1 

6 

6 

4 

2 

7 

f) 

24 
212 

16 
33 

6 

55 

5 
26 

1 

29 

2 
18 

9' 

2 
9 

9 

4 

3 

1 

2 

1 

1 

10 

13 

38 

12 
19 

1 
19 

15 
16 

8 

1 

9 

11 

3 

2 

1 

1? 

13 

594 
14 

74 

1,053 
IM 
641 

113 
89 
286 
346 
232 

674 

303 

63 

64 

373 
14 
41 

581 

88 

378 

54 
52 
174 
196 
108 

355 
146 
34 
41 

221 

171 
11 
110 

885 
100 
183 

169 
397 
325 
93 
545 

87 
210 
415 

12 

109 
11 

64 

310 
26 
122 

90 
109 
157 

37 
247 

47 

108 

187 

7 

62 

123 

1 
12 

333 
39 

87 

162 
5 
49 
80 
63 

132 
25 
16 
32 

64 
1 
5 

154 
16 

57 

96 
3 
27 
52 
25 

71 
11 

7 
16 

59 
7' 

179 
23 
30 

66 
2 
22 
28 
38 

61 
14 
9 
16 

34 
6 
5 

176 
48 
26 

426 
37 

133 
78 
16 

5 
21 

19 
6 
1 

88 
2 
24 

221 

24 

92 

36 

4 

4 
6 

15 
4' 

88 

46 

2 

205 
13 
41 
43 
12 

1 

15 

29 
1 
3 

41 
9 

47 

46 
21 
21 
4 
3 

4 
14 

13 

1 
3 

17 

4 

35 

28 
11 
9 
1 
2 

3 
9 

16 

14 

LI 

33 

472 
76 
263 

59 
37 
112 
150 
124 

319 
157 
29 
23 

46 

575 
74 
61 

79 
288 
168 

56 
298 

40 

102 

228- 

5 

16 

24 
5 
12 

18 
10 
12 
3 
1 

1 

5 

6 

2 

4^ 

\l 

19 

20 

?1 

??, 

?3 

24 

?,■) 

if, 

n 

3 

2 

1 

?8 



?9 

157 
66 

91 
37 

66 

29 

37 
14 

21 
11 

16 
3 

14 
3 

3 
2 

11 

1 

23 

8 

15 

5 
22 

2 
17 

3 
5 

30 

2 

1 

1 

31 

32 

11 

4 

7 

81 

32 

49 

3 

3 

33 

34 

4 
4 

2 
2 

2 
2 

X, 

124 

60 

64 

2 

2 

8 

1 

7 

»A 

37 

,W 

39 

4fl 

203 

120 

83 

41 

1 

1 

2 

2 

6 

4 

2 

24 

34 

44 

4.') 

4fi 



47 

2 
19 

2 

7 

1 

1 

48 

12 

49 



50 

51 

7 

5 

2 

27 

16 

11 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

52 



53 

M 

7 

7 

4 

4 

A5 



M 

50 

27 

23 

20 

9 

11 

5 

3 

2 

3 

1 

2 

1 

1 

en 

^s 

324 

185 

139 

57 

24 

33 

60 

23 

27 

15 

8 

7 

3 

2 

1 

2 

li            ' 

1 

59 

198 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 

Table  3.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTITUTIONS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED 


DmsION   AND  STATE. 

FEEBLE-MINDED 

admitted 

TO  institdtions  in  1010. 

Aggregate. 

White. 

Total. 

Native. 

Total. 

Native  parentage. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

1,626 

219 

451 

404 

283 

27 

99 

10 

46 

87 

Male. 

Female. 

1 

United  States    

3,825 

2,227 

1,698 

3,737 

2.173 

1,664 

3,371 

1.987 

1,384 

986 

130 

283 

249 

159 

17 

60 

7 

24 

67 

640 

89 
168 
155 
124 
10 
39 
3 
22 
30 

Geographic  divisions: 

V 

640 

1,152 

909 

624 

89 

135 

11 

71 

194 

370 
675 
536 
345 
53 
82 
8 
41 
117 

270 

477 

373 

279 

36 

63 

3 

30 

77 

623 
1,125 

893 

613 
89 

118 
11 
71 

194 

360 

657 

628 

339 

63 

70 

8 

41 

117 

263 

468 

365 

274 

36 

48 

3 

30 

77 

651 

976 

807 

576 

83 

117 

11 

71 

179 

318 

691 

482 

318 

51 

70 

8 

41 

IDS 

233 

385 

325 

258 

32 

47 

3 

30 
71 

3 

4 

n 

fi 

7 

East  South  Central    . 

s 

West  South  Central 

9 

in 

Pacific 

New  England: 

11 

83 
46 

60 

27 

23 
19 

83 
46 

60 
27 

23 
19 

80 
44 

68 
25 

22 
19 

59 
32 

44 
18 

15 
14 

I'' 

11 

14 

458 
6 
47 

629 
106 
417 

150 
102 
207 
204 
246 

207 

201 

60 

47 

246 

6 

31 

349 

42 

284 

91 
63 
130 
112 
160 

119 
111 
29 
29 

212 

441 
6 
47 

617 
102 
406 

145 
99 
204 
199 
246 

206 

199 

60 

46 

236 

6 

31 

342 

42 
273 

00 
61 
128 
109 
150 

119 
110 
29 

28 

205 

377 
6 

44 

526 

80 

370 

139 
94 
185 
161 
228 

195 
192 
65 
34 

201 

6 

28 

302 
41 

248 

86 
47 

119 
91 

139 

112 
106 
26 
21 

176 

115 
1 
12 

187 

62 
212 

87 
69 
110 
71 
67 

51 
124 
13 
10 

69 

1 
8 

116 
32 
136 

57 
39 
72 
37 
44 

31 

68 
7 
8 

56 

11 

1R 

16 

280 
64 
133 

69 
49 
77 
92 
96 

83 
90 
31 
18 

16 

275 
60 
133 

65 
48 
76 
90 
96 

87 
89 
31 
18 

16 

224 
39 
122 

53 
47 
66 
70 
89 

83 
86 
29 
13 

4 

72 
20 
76 

30 
30 
38 
34 
23 

20 
56 
6 
2 

17 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

IS 

19 

?n 

East  Noeth  Central: 

Ohio 

?i 

?■' 

Illinois 

?3 

Michigan 

''4 

Wisconsin 

■Jl 

West  North  Central: 

Minnesota 

?fi 

?7 

Missouri 

VS 

North  Dakota  .         

V9 

m 

23 
86 

10 

47 

is 

39 

23 

79 

10 
43 

13 
36 

21 

79 

10 
43 

11 
36 

13 

72 

7 
38 

6 
34 

31 

?7 

South  Atlantic: 

8:1 

22 

17 

£ 

22 

17 

5 

22 

17 

5 

3 

2 

1 

S4 

as 

19 
48 

10 
26 

9 

22 

19 

48 

10 
26 

9 
22 

19 
42 

10 
24 

9 
18 

17 

7 

10 
S 

7 
2 

ifi 

West  Virginia 

17 

IS 

19 

40 

Florida 

41 

East  South  Central: 

86 
49 

46 
36 

40 
13 

86 
32 

46 
24 

40 
8 

86 
31 

46 
24 

40 

7 

71 
28 

39 
21 

32 
7 

4'> 

Tennessee 

41 

44 

4'i 

West  South  Central: 

40 

47 

Oklahoma 

48 

11 

49 

8 
28 

3 
21 

11 
49 

8 

28 

3 
21 

11 
49 

8 
28 

3 

21 

10 
31 

7 
15 

3 
16 

49 

Mountain: 

Montana 

nn 

Idaho           

h] 

fi'' 

Colorado     

9 

6 

3 

9 

6 

3 

9 

6 

3 

6 

4 

2 

Rl 

fi4 

S5 

Utah 

13 

7 

6 

13 

7 

6 

13 

7 

6 

9 

5 

4 

S6 

57 

Pacific: 

Washington 

28 

16 

12 

28 

16 

12 

24 

14 

10 

14 

9 

6 

f<8 

59 

California.  - 

166 

101 

65 

166 

101 

65 

155 

94 

61 

73 

48 

25 

GENERAL  TABLES. 

BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,   AND  SEX,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


199 


TEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTITUTIONS  IN  191(>— Continued. 

White— Continued. 

Negro. 

Other  colored. 

Native— Continued. 

Foreign  bom. 

Nativity  unknown. 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 
85 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

1,243 

720 

523 

502 

281 

221 

210 

115 

95 

156 

71 

85 

53 

32 

3 

1 

2 

1 

230 
392 
2S8 
222 
3 

124 
243 
172 
114 
2 

106 
149 
116 
108 
1 

102 
133 
115 
71 
53 
18 

64 
65 
61 
45 
32 
10 

38 
68 
54 
26 
21 
8 

37 
86 
43 
28 

1 

22 
47 
22 
15 

15 
39 
21 
13 

1 

35 
63 
43 
9 
5 
1 

20 

19 

24 

6 

2 

15 
44 
19 
3 
3 
1 

17 

27 

16 

8 

10 
18 
8 
5 

7 
9 
8 
3 

'\ 

3 

1 

2 

6 

5 

17 

12 

5 

1 
25 
82 

1 

17 
47 

8 

8 
35 

« 

10 

4 

6 

15 

9 

6 

in 

8 
8 

5 

4 

3 

4 

13 
4 

9 
3 

4 
1 

3 

2 

2 
2 

1 

11 

1' 

IS 

ISO 
5 
29 

2i9 

12 

121 

32 
11 
63 
72 
llo 

132 

64 

9 

15 

92 
5 
IS 

151 
85 

IS 
7 
38 
43 
66 

71 

27 

2 

S 

88 

82 

60 

32 

36 

21 

15 

28 

14 

14 

17 

10 

7 

14 

15 

11 

108 
5 
36 

14 
4 

20 
29 
49 

61 

27 
7 
7 

3 

80 
16 
37 

20 
14 
17 
18 
46 

12 
14 
33 
9 

2 

36 
2 

27 

11 

1 

9 

11 

29 

10 
11 

17 
5 

1 

44 

14 
10 

9 
13 
8 
7 
17 

2 
3 
16 
4 

1 

63 
4 

17 

2 
3 
9 
13 
16 

10 
2 
3 

11 

1 

31 

1 
15 

3 

4 
6 
9 

6 
1 
2 
6 

34 
3 
2 

2 

5 

7 
7 

4 
1 
1 
5 

2 

26 

IS 
19 

4 
2 
10 
25 
2 

1 
5 

2 
1 

2 
9 

io 

4 
1 
5 
12 
2 

1 
3 
1 

1 

16 

17 
18 
9 

i 

5 
13 

12 

4 

11 

5 
3 
3 
5 

7 

ii' 

1 

2 
2 
3 

5 
4 

17 

18 

19 

4 
1 

1 
2 

Of) 

?1 

97 

71 

?4 

1 

1 
2 

i 

1 
1 

Ti 

'>fi 

77 

1 

1 

W 

r) 

6 
6 

2 
4 

4 

2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

'in 

5 

4 

1 

2 

2 

?i 

1? 

2 

2 

17 

13 

4 

XK 

14 

1 

1 

1 
35 

1 
16 

•\S 

19 

1 

1 

5 

2 

3 

'fi 

17 



1R 

19 

40 

15 
3 

7 
3 

8 

41 

1 

1 

" 

12 

5 

4? 

41 

44 

4') 

lf\ 

47 

1 
18 

1 
13 

4K 

5 

44 

V) 





51 

3 

2 

1 

fiH 

K\ 

f>4 

4 

2 

2 

,W 

M 

7 

4 

3 

3 

1 

2 

4 

2 

2 

B7 

M 

78 

43 

32 

7 

3 

4 

U 

7 

4 

TO 

200 


FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS. 


Table  4.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY, 
PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ENUMERATION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SES,  AND  AGE  AT  EITDUEB ATION . 


BOTH  SEXES. 

All  agea 

Under  5  yeara 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  yeara 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 

MALE. 

All  ages 

Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

65  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEMALE. 

All  ages 

Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years 

10  to  14  yeara 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  yeara 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  yeara 

45  to  49  yeara 

50  to  54  yeara 

66  to  69  yeara 

60  yeara  and  over 

Age  unknown 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  ON  JANUARY   1,   1910. 


Aggregate. 


1,443 
3,649 
4,593 
3,674 

2,483 

1,729 

1,099 

707 

414 

256 
128 
183 


11,015 

61 

906 

2,248 

2,532 

1,862 

1,239 
797 
456 
310 

157 
112 
57 


9,716 

37 

537 

1,401 

2,061 

1,712 

1,244 
932 
643 
397 

257 
144 
71 
94 

1S6 


White. 


Total. 


20,441 

95 
1,423 
3,686 
4,619 
3,521 

2,458 

1,705 

1,089 

704 

409 

254 
126 
177 


10,849 

60 

890 

2,202 

2,492 

1,838 

1,227 
784 
452 
309 

155 
111 

66 
84 


9,592 

35 

533 

1,384 

2,027 

1,683 

1,231 
921 
637 
396 

254 

143 
70 
93 

186 


Native. 


Total. 


18,129 


1,336 
3,339 
4,135 
3,101 

2,145 

1,434 

938 

611 

350 
217 
105 
144 


9,656 

53 

835 

2,040 

2,293 

1,623 

1,052 
653 
389 
265 

134 

98 
49 
66 

105 


8,473 

35 

600 

1,299 

1,842 

1,478 

1,093 
781 
549 
346 

216 
119 
66 
78 


Native 
parentage. 


8,408 

37 

630 

1,661 

1,957 

1,494 

974 
650 
349 
213 

136 

111 

66 


4,679 

22 

381 

1,012 

1,092 

820 

620 
334 
171 
107 

55 
68 
34 
47 


3,729 

15 
249 
639 
865 
674 

454 
316 
178 
106 

81 
53 
31 
51 

17 


Foreign 
or  mixed 
parentage. 


5,413 

30 

467 
1,072 
1,353 

910 


376 
258 
168 

72 
44 
16 
11 


17 
299 
6G3 
786 
499 

311 
184 
121 
77 

35 

22 

7 

1 


2,375 

13 
168 
409 
667 
411 

297 
192 
137 
91 

37 

22 

9 

10 

12 


Parent- 
age un- 
known. 


4,308 

21 
239 

616 
826 
697 

663 
408 
331 
230 


115 


1,939 

14 
156 
365 
415 
304 

221 

135 

97 

81 

44 
18 
8 
18 

63 


7 

83 

251 

410 

393 

342 
273 
234 
149 


Foreign 
bom. 


1,247 

4 

67 
139 
194 
232 

199 

153 

97 

62 

39 
25 
11 
26 


4 

33 
89 
lOO 
123 

117 
70 
38 
25 


600 


24 
50 

94 
109 

82 
83 
69 
37 

23 
16 


Nativity 

un- 
known. 


1,065 

3 

30 
108 
190 

188 

114 

118 

54 

31 

20 
12 
10 

7 


546 

3 
21 
73 
99 
92 

58 
61 
25 
19 

5 
4 

2 

3 

81 


619 


Colored. 


Total. 


290 

3 

20 
63 

74 
63 

25 
24 
10 
3 

5 
2 
2 
6 


Negro. 


280 


3 

•>n 

62 
71 
62 

1 
3 

1 

24 

21 

9 

3 

1 
3 
1 

S 

■) 

? 

6 



Other 
colored. 


GENERAL  TABLES. 


201 


Table  6.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTITUTIONS  IN  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE, 
SEX,  AND  AGE  AT  ADMISSION,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


SEX,  AKD  AGE  AT  ADMISSION, 


BOTH  SEXES. 

All  ages 

Under  5  years 

6  to  9  years 

iOto  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 


MALE. 

All  ages 

Under  5  years 

5  to  9  years , 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years  and  over 

Age  unknown 

FEMALE 

All  ages 

Under  5  years 

5to9years 

10  to  14  years 

15  to  19  years 

20  to  24  years 

25  to  29  years 

30  to  34  years 

35  to  39  years 

40  to  44  years 

45  to  49  years 

50  to  54  years 

55  to  59  years 

60  years 'and  over 

Age  onknown 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMrTTED  TO  INST1TDTI0N3  IN  1910. 


Aggregate. 


3,825 

139 
798 
1,086 
815 
310 

189 
124 
98 
66 

37 
24 
18 
62 


2,227 

86 
524 


453 
149 

95 
51 
49 
27 

24 

17 
10 
30 


WTiite. 


Total. 


3,737 

136 
779 
1,060 
803 
306 

188 
120 
95 
65 

36 
22 
17 
44 

66 


2,173 

84 
609 
654 
449 
148 

94 
49 
46 
26 

23 

15 


1,564 


63 

52 

274 

270 

417 

406 

362 

354 

161 

158 

94 

94 

73 

71 

49 

49 

39 

39 

13 

13 

7 

7 

8 

8 

22 

18 

26 

25 

Native. 


Total. 


3,371 

131 
719 
977 
732 
269 

163 
103 


40 


474 
603 
413 
130 

83 
45 
41 
25 

17 

14 

9 

25 

26 


1,384 

49 
245 
374 
319 
139 


Native 
parentage. 


1,626 

44 
360 
473 
336 
130 

81 
47 
44 
29 

15 

11 

8 

25 

23 


23 

235 

293 

204 

73 

45 
18 
24 
13 


640 

21 
125 
180 
132 

57 

36 
29 
20 
16 

4 

2 


Foreign  or 

mixed 
parentage. 


1,243 

73 
263 

375 

286 

90 

57 
31 
18 
18 


48 
168 
242 
149 

38 

28 
14 
9 
7 

5 

3 


523 

25 
95 
133 
137 
52 

29 
17 
9 
11 

5 
2 


Parent- 
age un- 
known. 


502 

14 
96 
129 
110 
49 

25 
25 
18 
11 

2 
4 
2 
11 


281 

11 
71 
68 
60 
19 

10 
13 
8 
5 

1 

2 
1 

7 


221 

3 

25 
61 
50 
30 

15 
12 
10 
G 

1 
2 
1 
4 


Foreign 
bom. 


210 


95 


Nativity 

un- 
known. 


Colored. 


Total. 


Negro. 


Other 
colored. 


202 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


Table  6.— FEEBLE-MINDED    ENUMERATED   IN  INSTITUTIONS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  AGE   AT 

ENUMERATION,  BY  DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


feeble-minded  enumerated  in  institutions  on  JANUARY  1 

,  1910. 

DIVISION  AND  STATE. 

xn  ages. 

Under 
5  years. 

5  to  9 
years. 

10  to  14 

years. 

15  to  19 
years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

25  to  29 

years. 

30  to  34 

years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

46  to  49 
years. 

50  years 
and 
over. 

Agenn- 
known. 

20,731 

98 

1,443 

3,649 

4,593 

3,574 

2,483 

1,729 

1,099 

707 

414 

567 

375 

GEOGRAPHIC  divisions: 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

584 

330 

19 

160 

1,013 

8 
62 
12 
9 
4 

2' 

i' 

190 

467 

383 

243 

50 

24 

5 

13 

68 

426 

1,112 

1,077 

642 

112 

86 

3 

53 

138 

522 

1,326 

1,374 

847 

158 

71 

4 

49 

242 

344 

1,125 

1,077 

686 

102 

37 

2 

21 

180 

186 

816 

736 

551 

64 

17 

2 

3 

108 

113 
627 
496 
350 
28 
15 

69 
440 
268 
227 

15 
8 

44 

314 

133 

160 

14 

3 

1 

2 

46 

22 

186 
82 
83 
8 
10 

43 

270 
63 
89 
28 
29 

45 

21 
240 
29 
1 
30 

Miiirllo  AtlMnf.te 

West  North  Central 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

Mountain 

8 
92 

4 
68 

2 
21 

4 
41 

1 
8 

Paciflc 

New  England: 

Maine 

62 
144 

6 
44 

19 

43 

15 

22 

8 
2 

5 
2 

1 

4 

2 

2 

"Mow  TTamp<ih)r^ 

1 

21 

Vermont 

1,464 
43 
294 

3,421 

640 

2,705 

1,526 
1,135 
1,265 

986 
1,029 

1,194 

1,189 

512 

145 

5 

149 

313 
15 

48 

503 
115 
494 

299 
190 
282 
171 
135 

191 

194 
71 
28 

379 
13 
63 

608 
134 

584 

364 
257 
2S5 
237 
231 

220 

266 

lis 

25 

258 

9 

40 

512 
123 
490 

241 

222 
214 

178 
222 

213 

210 

So 

IS 

143 
5 
28 

447 

75 

294 

175 
191 
113 
134 
123 

154 
184 
73 
15 

86 
4 
16 

348 
fil 
228 

132 
105 
113 

75 
71 

122 
110 
40 
11 

54 
2 
12 

262 
36 
142 

52 
59 
66 
42 
49 

74 
67 
39 
12 

35 

16 

18 

8 

Rhode  Island 

rnnnpntipnt 

2 

44 

1 
17 

1 

3" 

8' 

4 
2 
1 
1 

20 

253 
33 
181 

86 
64 
100 
63 
70 

76 
88 
17 
13 

5 

178 
20 
116 

14 
29 
55 
24 
11 

50 

44 

30 

9 

4 

108 
18 
60 

10 
16 
20 
28 
8 

29 
20 
25 
4 

23 

141 
34 
95 

13 
2 
13 
22 
13 

60 
2 

10 
9 

33 
17 

Middle  Atl.intic: 

New  York 

New  Jersey 

PRnn<jylvftTii<i 

4 
139 

East  North  Centeal: 
Ohio 

Indiana 

Illinois ... 

1 

12 
83 

I 

Mirhijjan 

West  North  Central: 

2 
3 

Missouri 

North  Dakota 

South  Dakota 

Nebraska 

446 
420 

1 

24 
25 

79 

79 

112 
106 

72 
88 

56 
69 

44 
23 

20 
15 

9 
8 

3 
2 

8 
3 

21 
2 

South  Atlantic: 

Delaware 

Maryland 

310 

33 

74 

102 

52 

30 

10 

1 

2 

6 

District  of  Colnmbia 

Virginia 

60 
214 

4' 

6 
11 

17 
21 

16 
40 

11 
39 

8 
26 

1 
17 

1 
11 

Wft^it  Virginia 

14 

8 

22 

I 

North  Carolina,  ,  , 

South  Carolina : 

Georgia 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

Kentucky 

283 
47 

23 

1 

85 

1 

69 
2 

35 
2 

16 

1 

11 
4 

7 

1 

3 

4 

6 

3 
26 

27 

Tennessee 

3 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

Arkansas 

Louisiana 

Oklahoma 



Te.xas 

19 
51 

2 

5 
6 

3 

19 

4 
23 

2 
3 

2 

1 

.Mountain: 

Montana 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

64 

7 

28 

23 

5 

1 

1 

1 

New  Mexico 

Arizona 

Utah 

45 

8 

3 

13 

2 

7 

4 

2 

2 

4 

Nevada 

Pacific: 

Washington 

159 

28 

55 

53 

20 

3 

Oregon 

California 

854 

1 

40 

83 

189 

160 

105 

92 

68 

46 

21 

41 

g 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


203 


Table  7  -FEEBLE-MINDED    ADMITTED    TO    INSTITUTIONS    IN    1910,    CLASSIFIED    BY    AGE    AT    ADMISSION,    BY 

DIVISIONS  AND  STATES. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTrnjTIONS  IN  1910. 

DIVISION    AND  STATE. 

AM  ages. 

Under 
5  years. 

5  to  9 
years. 

10  to  14 

years. 

15  to  19 
years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

25  to  29 
years. 

30  to  34 
years. 

35  to  39 
years. 

40  to  44 
years. 

45  to  49 
years. 

50  years 
andover. 

Age  un- 
known. 

United  States 

3,825 

139 

798 

1,086 

815 

310 

189 

124 

98 

66 

37 

94 

69 

Geographic  divisions: 

640 
1,162 

909 

624 
89 

135 
11 
71 

194 

25 
73 
20 
12 
3 

i" 

5 

116 

270 

211 

135 

20 

12 

1 

9 

24 

192 

309 

279 

171 

20 

28 

6 

29 

62 

164 
233 
182 
123 
12 
20 
2 
23 
56 

54 
77 
70 
61 
7 
11 
1 
8 
21 

20 
64 
49 
40 
6 
10 

4^ 

31 

24 

3 

9 

14 
30 
19 
18 
5 
6 

6 
16 
11 
20 
5 
3 

3 
12 
7 
8 

1 
2 

14 
18 
13 
11 
3 
29 

25 

IS 

East  North  Central 

17 

1 

S 

s 

1 
5 

1 

4 

Pacifixj  

11 

5 

4 

6 

1 

New  England: 
Maine 

83 

46 

3' 

1 
10 

14 
19 

27 
10 

11 

1 

5 
1 

1 

6 

1 

3 

2 

13 

1 

458 
6 
47 

629 
106 
417 

150 
103 
207 
204 
246 

207 
201 
60 

47 

20 

95 

137 
6 
17 

150 
25 
134 

62 
49 
74 
38 
66 

55 

60 
17 
14 

117 

39 

14 

0 

6 

1 

2 

1 

21 

2 

55 

1 
17 

1 
8' 

ii' 

4 

4 

i' 

10 

156 
21 
93 

52 
31 
69 
30 
39 

40 

67 
6 
1 

10 

113 
23 
97 

22 
13 

41 
34 
72 

45 

37 

13 

9 

3 

41 
16 
20 

8 
3 
7 
25 
27 

27 
11 
7 
6 

1 

13 

1 

10 

3 

Middle  Atlantic: 

New  York 

32 
8 
14 

7 
1 
2 
24 
15 

12 
13 
3 

7 

26 
6 
13 

2 
3 
2 

17 
7 

8 
4 
4 
3 

19 

1 
10 

7 
1 
4 

7 

4 

3 

2 
1 

8 
2 

4 

East  Nobth  Central: 

2 

1 

3 
10 
5 

1 

7 
3 
2 

2 
4 
1 

4 
1 
2 

iJ 

8 

I 

5 
7 
3 

1 

5 

2 

West  North  Central: 

6 

2 
2 

1 

23 

86 

1 
2 

7 
14 

5 
30 

7 
12 

2 
8 

1 
4 

6 

6 

4 

1 

1 

fiouTH  Atlantic: 

22 

1 

8 

9 

2 

1 

1 

19 
48 

2 

4 

8 

5 

6 

2 
8 

1 
3 

5 

"West  ViT'Cinifl 

6 

3 

6 

5 

1 

3 

Florida 

East  South  Central: 

86 
49 

U 

1 

28 

19 
1 

7 
4 

7 
3 

6 
4 

5 

1 

1 
2 

1 
28 

2 

2 

3 

Mississinni 

West  South  Central: 

Texas.. 

Mountain: 

Moniana 

11 
49 

1 

1 
7 

6 
24 

2 
15 

1 
3 

9 

1 

4 

2 

2 

Utah 

» 

1 

1 

6 

3 

1 

1 

Pacific: 

28 

4 

11 

11 

2 

California 

166 

s 

20 

41 

43 

19 

11 

6 

5 

4 

4 

6 

1 

204 


FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS. 


Table  8.— FEEBLE-MINDED    BEPORTED  AS  PHYSICALLY    DEFECTIVE,    ENUMERATED  IN   INSTITUTIONS  ON 
JANUARY  1,  1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  DEFECT,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


feeble-minded   physically  defective  enumerated  in  institutions  on  JANUARY 

1, 1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

White. 

Colored. 

DIVISION  AND  DEFECT. 

Total. 

Native.                            | 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
Imown. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parent- 
age un- 
known. 

Other 
colored. 

UNITED   STATES. 
All  classes 

1 
5,246 

2,751 

2,495 

5,181 

4,698 

2,232 

1,450 

1,016 

305 

178 

65 

62 

S 

Blind 

119 
294 
969 
606 
2,444 
814 

73 
181 
517 
295 
1,236 
449 

46 
113 
452 
311 
1,208 
365 

119 
284 
945 
601 
2,424 
SOS 

107  1 
248  1 
823 
557 
2,219 
744 

50 
112 
450 
252 
988 
380 

37 
84 
215 
195 
692 
227 

20 
52 
158 
110 
539 
137 

7 
27 
58 
23 
145 
40 

5 
9 

64 
16 
60 
24 

Deaf                     

10 
24 

5 
20 

6 

9 
23 

5 
20 

5 

I 

1 

Two  or  more  defects 

1 

New  England. 
All  classes 

348 

215 

133 

342 

316 

114 

128 

74 

15 

11 

6 

6 

Blind 

16 
36 
51 
92 
111 
42 

1,130 

12 
24 
35 
54 
63 
27 

613 

4 
12 
16 
38 
48 
15 

517 

16 
34 

49 
92 
109 
42 

1,110 

12 
30 
48 
82 
104 
40 

1,030 

3 
11 
15 
33 
38 
14 

590 

7 
14 
12 
42 
36 
17 

279 

2 

5 
21 

7 
30 

9 

161 

2 

1 

2 
3 
1 
4 

Deaf 

2 

2 

2 
2 

6 
5 

1 

57 

. 

2 

2 

1 
23 

Middle  Atlantic. 
All  classes 

20 

19 

1 

Blind                                               

22 
57 
289 
128 
524 
110 

1,758 

10 

27 
167 

75 
265 

69 

849 

12 

30 
122 

53 
259 

41 

909 

22 
55 
281 
128 
514 
110 

1,737 

20 
46 
253 
118 
487 
106 

1,483 

11 

20 
.41 

74 
282 

62 

690 

6 
10 
64 
25 
144 
30 

385 

3 
16 
48 
19 
61 
14 

408 

2 

6 
19 

6 
20 

4 

118 

Deaf             

3 

9 
4 
7 

2 

8 

2 

7 

1 

10 

10 

East  Nokth  Central. 
All  classes 

136 

21 

21 

36 
76 
3S9 
204 
759 
294 

1,295 

24 

41 
201 

78 
364 
141 

662 

12 
35 
188 
126 
395 
163 

633 

36 
76 
381 
200 
753 
291 

1,284 
28 
62 
177 
139 
689 
189 

229 

31 

64 
302 
181 
649 
256 

1,193 

17 

22 

169 

68 

285 

129 

484 

8 
22 
64 
58 
184 
49 

489 

6 
20 
69 

55 
180 

78 

220 

2 
9 
27 
11 
53 
16 

89 

3 
3 

52 

8 

51 

19 

2 

Deaf                                            

8 
4 
6 
3 

11 

8 
4 
6 
3 

10 

West  North  Central. 
All  classes 

1 

Blind 

28 
66 
180 
139 
691 
191 

229 

16 
44 
S3 
64 
339 
116 

125 

12 
22 
97 
75 
3.52 
75 

104 

27 
52 
167 
135 
635 
177 

223 

11 
31 

94 

53 

211 

84 

131 

11 

16 
66 
66 
245 
85 

9 

5 
5 
7 
16 
179 
8 

83 

1 
10 
9 
4 
53 
12 

3 

Deaf                           

4 
3 

4 
3 

1 

1 

2 
2 

2 

1 

1 

South  Atlantic. 
AU  classes 

3 

5 
4 
25 
14 
128 
53 

68 

0 

2 
14 

7 
69 
28 

43 

6 
4 
25 
14 
128 
53 

65 

6 
4 
25 
14 
124 
51 

64 

4 
1 

16 

6 

75 

29 

22 

1 
3 
9 
8 
42 
20 

42 

Deaf 

2 
11 

7 
59 
25 

25 

7 
2 

3 

1 

2 

East  South  Central. 
All  classes 

1 

3 

3 

Blind 

3 

1 

2 

3 

3 

1 

2 

Deaf 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

7 
12 
44 

2 

9 

4 

4 

34 

3 
8 
10 
2 

2 

4 
12 
44 

2 

9 

4 
11 
44 

2 

9 

2 
7 
12 

2 

4 

32 

2 

3 

3 

■    1 

Epileptic     

West  South  Central. 
All  classes 

7 

7 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

Deaf 

3 

2 

1 

3 

3 

2 

1 

Paralytic 

3 

1 

27 

2 

1 

19 

1 

3 

1 

27 

3 

1 

25 

2 

1 

11 

1 

Mountain. 
All  classes 

8 

S 

9 

2 

Blind 

Deaf 

1 
2 

1 

1 

2 

I 

1 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

2 

1 

1 

Epileptic 

23 

1 

382 

ie 
1 

218 

7 

23 

1 

378 

22 

1 

355 

10 

4 

1 

153 

8 

1 

Two  or  more  defects 

Pacific. 
All  classes 

164 

183 

19 

20 

3 

4 

3 

1 

Blind 

7 
54 
23 
17 
161 
120 

3 
43 

9 
13 
84 
66 

4 
11 
14 

4 

77 
54 

7 
52 
23 
16 
161 
119 

7 
51 
20 
16 
151 

no 

1 
27 
10 
11 
73 
61 

5 
22 
8 
4 
71 
43 

1 
2 
2 

1 
7 
6 

Deaf 

1 
2 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

10 

7 

Two  or  more  defects 

2 

1 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


206 


Table  9.— FEEBLE-MINDED   REPORTED   AS   PHYSICALLY   DEFECTIVE,  ADMITTED  TO   INSTITUTIONS   IN   1910, 
CLASSIFIED  BY  RACE,  NATIVITY.  PARENTAGE,  SEX,  AND  DEFECT,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


FEEBLE-MINDED 

PHYSICALLY  DEFECTIVE  ADMITTED    TO  INSTITUTIONS  IN  1910. 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

White. 

Colored. 

Total. 

Native. 

Foreign 
bom. 

Nativ- 
ity un- 
known. 

Total. 

Negro. 

Total. 

Native 
parent- 
age. 

Foreign 
or  mixed 
parent- 
age. 

Parents 
age  un- 
known. 

Other 
colored. 

CTNITED  BTATES. 
All  classes 

910 

562 

348 

890 

836 

416 

350 

70 

40 

14 

20 

20 

Blind                       

23 
67 
133 
133 
393 
141 

13 

46 
103 

82 
240 

78 

10 
21 
50 
51 
153 
63 

20 
66 
147 
128 
391 
138 

18 
59 
141 
121 
364 
133 

9 

25 
67 
64 
186 
65 

8 
29 
62 
44 
144 
63 

I 
5 
12 
13 
34 
5 

2 
4 
2 
5 

24 
3 

3 
1 
6 
5 
2 
3 

3 

1 
6 
5 
2 
3 

Deaf              

3 
4 
2 
3 
2 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

Two  or  more  defects 

New  England. 
All  classes 

104 

67 

37 

103 

96 

44 

47 

5 

4 

3 

1 

1 

Blind                                          

3 
8 
16 
24 
41 
12 

177 

3 
2 
7 
U 
11 
3 

69 

3 
8 
16 
23 
41 
12 

174 

3 
6 
15 
21 
40 
11 

162 

2 
3 

10 
10 
17 
5 

77 

1 
1 

Deaf                        

6 
9 
13 
30 
9 

108 

2 
5 
10 
21 
6 

75 

1 

1 

1 
1 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

1 
2 

1 
1 
1 

8 

1 

1 

Middle  Atlantic. 
All  classes 

10 

4 

3 

3 

Blind 

8 
25 
45 

23 
67 
19 

227 

7 
14 
32 
18 
27 
10 

151 

1 

11 
13 

5 
30 

9 

• 
76 

8 
25 
43 
22 
57 
19 

226 

7 
22 
40 
21 
53 
19 

210 

4 
5 
19 
11 
28 
8 

105 

3 

16 
16 
8 
24 
10 

80 

1 
1 
1 
1 
4 

Deaf      

1 

5 
2 

1 
1 

25 

2 
2 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

2 
1 

2 

1 

East  North  Centbal. 

14 

2 

1 

1 

Blind 

4 
11 
34 
33 
110 
35 

243 

3 

7 
27 
22 

73 
19 

138 

1 

4 

7 

11 

37 

16 

105 

4 
11 
34 
33 
109 
35 

23S 

3 
9 
33 
32 
99 
34 

225 

2 
3 
15 
14 
48 
23 

111 

1 
5 
15 
15 
34 
10 

99 

1 
2 
1 
1 
9 

1 
3 
3 
17 

1 

15 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

Paralvtic 

Epileptic       

1 

1 

3 

1 

1 

All  classes 

10 

5 

5 

Blind 

5 

8 
30 
35 
115 
50 

24 

1 
6 
15 
21 
67 
28 

13 

4 
2 
15 
14 

48 
22 

11 

5 

8 
29 
35 
114 

47 

24 

5 
8 
28 
33 
107 
44 

22 

3 
5 
7 
21 
55 
20 

12 

2 
1 
18 
10 
44 
24 

Deaf 

2 
3 
2 
8 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

Paralytic 

1 

1 

1 

2 
6 
2 

1 

Epileptic     

1 

1 

1 

1 
3 

1 
3 

South  Atlantic. 

10 

Blind 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

3 
3 
14 
4 

41 

2 
1 

8 
2 

26 

1 

2 
6 
2 

15 

3 
3 
14 

4 

31 

3 
3 
12 

4 

30 

2 
2 
6 
2 

26 

1 

1 
6 
2 

4 

1 

1 

Two  or  more  defects 

Allolai.es 

1 

10 

10 

Blind 

3 
4 

12 
14 

7 
1 

1 

2 
4 
9 
6 
5 

1 

3 

1 
3 
3 

3 
1 
3 
3 

Deaf 

3 

9 
11 

7 
1 

1 

3 
9 
10 

7 

1 

1 

3 
9 
6 

7 

1 

1 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

Paralytic 

3 
8 
2 
1 

1 

4 

1 

Epileptic 

Two  or  more  defects 

West  South  Central. 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

1 
28 

1 
8 

1 
28 

1 
28 

1 
20 

Mountain. 
All  classes 

20 

8 

Blind 

Deaf 

3 
13 
1 
8 
3 

65 

3 
9 

1 
6 

1 

39 

3 
13 

1 
8 
3 

65 

3 
13 
1 
8 
3 

62 

3 
10 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

4 

3 
1 
2 
2 

39 

Epileotic 

2 
2 

26 

6 

1 

22 

PAonc. 

1 

3 

S 

6 

2 

8 

8 

4 

4 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed 

41 
16 

24 
9 

17 
7 

41 
16 

38 
IS 

15 
3 

23 
12 

3 

Two  or  more  defects 

1 

206  FEEBLE-MINDED   IN    INSTITUTIONS. 

T.„.  .0.--^BLE.M,»DED  ENUMERATED  ™  ™ST,™T,0NS  «  J,-p-y.  .»is'i!>5.f '"^^  "  ^^''^  ^'''' 


DIVISION,  KACE,  NATIVITY,  AND  PABENTAGE. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  IN  INSTITnTIONS  ON  JANUARY  1,  1910. 


Male. 


UNITED  STATES. 
Aggregate 


White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Colored 

Negro 

Other  colored.. 


New  England. 


Aggregate. 


^Vlllte 

Native 

Nitive  parentage 

Foreitrn  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Colored— Negro.. 


Middle  Atlantic. 


Aggregate. 


White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Colored 

Negro 

Other  colored.. 


East  Noeth  Central. 
Aggregate 


White 

Native 

Nitive  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Colored— Negro., 


West  North  Central. 
Aggregate 


White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mLted  parentage  . 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 


Colored 

Negro 

Other  colored.. 


South  Atlantic. 


.\ggregate. 


White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage. 

Parentage  imknown 

Foreign  bora 

Nativity  unlmown 


East  South  Central. 
Aggregate 


White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage.. 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  born 

Nativity  unlmown 

Colored— Negro 


Total. 


11,015 


10,849 
9,656 
4,679 
3,038 
1,939 
647 
546 

166 

162 

4 


1,202 


1,185 

1,087 

429 

459 

199 

72 

26 

17 


3,579 


Single. 


Mar- 
ried. 


10,965 


10,803 
9,624 
4,653 
3,037 
1,934 
638 
541 

162 

158 

4 


1,202 


3,521 

3,180 

1,675 

1,047 

458 

227 

114 

58 
56 

2 


3,032 


2,981 
2,402 
1,178 
584 
640 
203 
376 

51 


2,031 


1,999 
1,869 
784 
704 
381 
110 
20 

32 

31 

1 


296 

293 

193 

8 

92 

2 

1 


192 


188 
186 
66 


1,185 

1,087 

429 

459 

199 

72 

26 

17 


3,567 


3,509 

3,172 

1,672 

1,046 

454 

226 

112 

53 

56 

2 


3,029 


2,978 
2,401 
1,177 
584 
640 
203 
374 

51 


2,023 


1,991 
1,865 
781 
704 
380 
106 
20 

32 

31 

1 


120 
2 


285 
185 


178 


178 
177 
57 


120 
1 


Wid- 
owed. 


27 


Di- 
vorced. 


Un- 
known. 


Female. 


Total. 


9,716 


9,592 
8,473 
3,729 
2,375 
2,369 
600 
519 

124 

118 

6 


Single. 


794 
708 
310 
274 
124 
67 
19 


3,187 


3,142 
2,774 
1,253 
811 
710 
232 
136 

45 

41 

4 


2,909 


2,865 
2,395 
1,024 
482 
889 
156 
314 


1,875 


1,860 
1,716 
699 
623 
394 
112 
32 

IS 

14 

1 


288 


288 
278 
154 
11 
113 
3 


136 
136 

52 
1 

83 


Mar- 
ried. 


9,558 


9,436 
8,349 
3,677 
2,346 
2,326 
583 
504 

122 
116 


792 
708 
310 
274 
124 
65 
19 


3,159 


3,114 
2,750 
1,242 
807 
701 
229 
135 

45 

41 

4 


2,854 


2,810 
2,355 
1,018 
472 
865 
150 
305 

44 


1,845 


1,831 
1,692 
693 
613 
386 
108 
31 

14 
13 
1 


272 


272 

264 

142 

10 

112 

3 

5 


125 


124 

124 

40 

1 


Wid- 
owed. 


Di-  Un- 

voiced,   known. 


20 


36 


13 
3 
I 


10 


2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


207 


Table  10.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMERATED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  ON  JANUARY  1,   1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  SEX,   RACE. 
NATIVITY,  PARENTAGE,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS— Continued. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ENUMEEATED  IN  INSTITUTION    ON  JANUARY  1,  1910. 

DIVISIQN,  EACE,  NATIVITY,  ANfl  PABENTAOE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
Known. 

West  South  Central. 

9 

9 

10 

9 

1 

Wliite        

9 
9 
9 

9 
9 
9 

10 
10 

7 
2 

1 

46 

9 
9 
6 
2 

1 

40 

1 
1 
1 

Native  parentage 

I'firpntf>f;i»  linkTlftWTl 



Mountain. 

114 

112 

■> 



White 

114 
109 
69 
24 
16 
5 

112 
lOS 
6S 
24 
16 
4 

2 

1 
1 

46 
43 
23 
9 
11 
1 
2 

453 

46 

43 

23 

9 

11 

1 

2 

440 

Native 

Fnrf^ign  or  tnixPrd  pvirpntpgfl 

Foreign  bom 

1 

Pacific. 
Aggregate 

560 

559 

1 

4 

7 

2 

White 

556 

521 

276 

212 

33 

26 

9 

4 
3 
1 

555 

520 

276 

212 

33 

26 

9 

4 
3 

1 

1 
1 

1 

451 

413 

207 

162 

44 

29 

9 

2 

1 
1 

438 
404 
203 
138 
43 
27 
7 

2 

1 
1 

4  1               7 

■> 

2 

1 
1 

6 
3 
2 
1 

1 

Native  parentage 

PftrfiTitftgti  nnknnivTi  , 



1 

1 

Nativity  linlrT^nwn  ,  .  ,     , 

I 

Colored 

Other  colored 

208  FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS. 

Table  11  -FEEBLE-MINDED   ADMITTED   TO   INSTITUTIONS   IN   1910,  CLASSIFIED   BY  SEX,   RACE,  NATIVITY. 
lABLE  11.     ri!,j^oi.r-  mx  PARENTAGE,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVISIONS. 


feeble-minded  admitted  to  institutions  in  1910. 

DIVISION,  RACE,  NATmXT,  AND  PABENTAOE. 

Male. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di-           Un- 
vorced.    known. 

Total. 

Single. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di-          Un- 
Forced.    known. 

UNITED  STATES. 

2,227 

2,169 

28 

12 

2 

26 

1,598 

1,511 

27 

16 

1 

43 

2,173 
1,987 
986 
720 
281 
115 
71 

54 

2,116 
1,941 

965 
705 
271 
111 
64    . 

43 

42 

1 

24 
21 
12 

6    . 

3 

6 
6 
4 

i' '. 

2 
2 
2 

25 
17 
3 
9 
6 
1 
7 

1 
1 

1,564 

1,384 

640 

523 

221 

95 

85 

34 

32 

2 

1,481 

1,333 

620 

507 

206 

75 

73 

30 

28 

2 

27 
20 
12 
3 
5 
6 
1 

13 
9 
5 

2   . 
2    . 

1 
1 

1 

42 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

11 
8 
11 

Foreign  born 

Nativity  unknown 

3    . 

4 
4 

6 
6 

1 

3 
3 

10 

1 
1 

Negro 

63 

1 

New  England. 

370 

370 



270 

267 

1 

2 

360 
318 
130 
124 
64 
22 
20 

10 

675 

360 
318 
130 
124 
64 
22 
20 

10 

651 

263 
233 

89 
106 
38 
15 
15 

7 

477 

260 
232 
89 
105 
38 
13 
15 

7 
436 

1 

2 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

1 

i 

Foreign  bom 

i 

Colored— Negro 

6 

19 

4 

1 

36 

White 

Native 

Native  parentage 

657 

591 

283 

243 

65 

47 

19 

18 
536 

634 

672 

279 

233 

60 

46 

16 

17 
626 

4 
4 
2 

19 
15 
2 
9 
4 
1 
3 

468 
385 
168 
149 
68 
39 
44 

9 
373 

428 
363 
162 
141 
60 
30 
35 

8 
361 

4 
4 
3 

1 
1 

1 

35 
17 
2 
S 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

Parentage  imioiown 

Foreign  bom 

1 

1 

7 
9 
9 

1 
7 

1 

East  Noeth  Centeal. 
A  ggregate 

3 

7 

2 

1 

2 

White 

Native  parentage 

52S 

482 

249 

172 

61 

22 

24 

8 
345 

618 

477 

248 

169 

60 

20 

21 

8 
338 

7 
S 

1 
3 

3 

365 

325 

155 

116 

54 

21 

19 

8 
279 

353 

317 

151 

114 

52 

19 

17 

8 
268 

7 
4 
3 

1 

2 
2 

i' 

1 
1 
1 

2 

1 

Parentage  uaknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 

1 
2 

3' 

2" 

1 

i 

West  Nobth  Central. 
Aggregate 

6 

1 

7 

2 

2 

339 

318 

159 

114 

45 

15 

6 

6 
5 

1 

53 

332 

311 

154 

112 

45 

15 

6 

6 
5 

1 

50 

6 
6 
4 
2 

1 

1 
1 

274 

258 

124 

108 

26 

13 

3 

5 
3 
2 

36 

263 

251 

123 

104 

24 

9 

3 

5 
3 
2 

33 

7 

6 
1 
2 

2 

1 

i 

2 

1 

i 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 

2 

i 

1 

Negro 

Other  colored 

South  Atlantic. 

1 

2 

3 

White 

63 
51 

50 
19 
17 
2 
30 

1 
1 

2 
1 

36 

32 

10 

1 

21 

1 

3 

53 

33 
29 
9 
1 
19 
1 
3 

42 

3 
3 
1 

Native  parentage 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

Parentage  unknown 

17 
2 
32 

i 

i 

2 

Nativity  unknown 

East  South  Central. 

2 

82 

1 
01 

7 

12 

1 

i 
1 

3 

8 

Aggregate 

70 

69 
59 
51 

8 

2 

4 
4 
4 

6 
6 
4 

; 2 

e 

1 
1 

1 

48 
47 

40 
40 
32 

8 

2 

3 
3 
3 

5 
4 

4 

; i 

3 

Parentage  unknown 

Foreign  bom 

Nativity  unknown 

Colored— Negro 

;       60 

io 

12 

39 
;   8 

: i 

6 

3 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


209 


Table  H.— FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTITUTIONS   IN   1910,  CLASSIFIED  BY  SEX,  RACE    NA.TIVITY 
PARENTAGE,  AND  MARITAL  CONDITION,  BY  DIVLSIONS— Continued. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  DJSTITnTIONS  IN  1910. 

DIVISIOK,  RACE,  NATIVITT,  AND  PARENTAGE. 

Uale. 

Female. 

Total. 

Single. 

Mar- 
ried. 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
Imown. 

Total. 

1    Single. 

Mar- 
ried, 

Wid- 
owed. 

Di- 
vorced. 

Un- 
known. 

West  South  Cektral. 
Aggregate 

8 

8 

3 

3 

WWte 

8 
8 
7 

1 

41 

8 
8 
7 

1 

39 

3 
3 
3 

3 
3 
3 

Native 

Native  parentage 

1 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

MOUNTADf. 

Aggregate 

1 

1 

30  ;;             30 

White 

41 
41 
24 
17 

117 

39 
39 
22 

17 

116 

I 

1 

1 

30 
30 
22 

8 

77 

30 
30 
22 
8 

71 

Native 

1 
1 

Native  parentage 

Foreigner  mixed  parentage 

Pacific. 
Aggregate 

■, 

2 

3 

1 

White 

117 
108 
57 
47 
4 
9 

116 
108 
57 
47 
4 
8 

1 

1 

77 
71 
30 
3S 
6 
6 

71 
68 
29 
34 
5 
3 

2 

1 
1 

3 

1 

1 
1 

Native 

' 

Native  parentage 

* 

Foreign  or  mixed  parentage 

) 

I 

Parentage  unli;nowii 

1 

i' 

2 

Foreign  bom 

1 

1 

1 

27622°— 14 14 

210 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS. 


Table    12.— FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  WHO  WERE  DISCHARGED  OR  TRANSFERRED,  OR  WHO  DIED  IN 

1910,    CLASSIFIED   BY   SEX,    BY   DIVISIONS. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  IN  INSTITUTIONS  WHO  WERE  DISCHARGED  OR  TRANSFERRED,  OR  WHO  DIED  IN  1910. 

Discharged. 

Transferred. 

Died. 

DIVISION. 

In  custody  of— 

Condition. 

Relatives  or 
friends. 

SeU. 

Unknown. 

Improved. 

Unimproved. 

Unknown. 

'° 

1 

.2 

1 

50 

1 
17 
14 
7 
1 
2 
1 
2 
5 

5 

.... 

1 

1 

E- 

90 

11 
75 

c3 

a 

54 

1 
10 
42 

1 
36 

o 

4 
1 

a5 
S 

1 

•3 

a 

& 

93 

5 

16 

32 

24 

2 

4 

1 

4 

5 

1 

Eh 

1 

68 

9 
9 
45 
1 
1 
2 
.... 

.2 
1 

49 

6 

1 
37 

2 
.... 

1 
1 

1 

1 

JO 

a 

.2 

United  States 

864 

550 

314 

55 

1 

18 
15 
7 
1 
4 
2 
2 
5 

612 

399 

24 
173 
63 
73 
7 
8 
3 
20 
28 

213 

280 

187 

12 

50 

68 

37 

4 

2 

2 

8 

4 

117 

15 
10 
82 
3 
1 
3 
1 
2 

304 

135 

169 

895 

484 

^u 

New  England 

62 

306 

195 

168 

15 

16 

8 

47 

47 

43 

205 

120 

104 

11 

9 

4 

27 

27 

19 

101 

75 

64 

4 

7 

4 

20 

20 

.... 

33 
2 

32 

259 

103 

113 

9 

12 

6 

35 

43 

8 
86 
40 
40 
2 
4 
3 

15 
15 

17 

66 
100 

61 
6 
6 
3 

12 
9 

92 
153 

12 

12 
2 
4 
3 

18 
8 

20 
84 
6 
7 
1 
3 
1 
10 
3 

72 
69 
6 
5 
1 
1 
2 
8 
5 

58 
256 
279 
199 
27 
34 

31 
139 
136 
115 
14 
23 

V 

Middle  Atlantic 

117 

111 

West  North  Central                     

84 

South  Atlantic           

n 

East  South  Central 

2 
1 

1 

11 

2 

40 

2 
24 

in 

Table   1.3.--FEEBLE-MINDED   IN   INSTITUTIONS  WHO  DIED   IN   1910,   CLASSIFIED  BY  SEX,   AGE,   AND  CAUSE  OF 

DEATH,  FOR  THE  UNITED  STATES  AS  A  WHOLE. 


FEEBLE-jnNDED 

IN  INSTITUTIONS  WHO  DIED  IN  1910. 

CAUSE  OF  DEATH. 

.MI  ages. 

Under 

5 
years. 

5to9 
years. 

10  to  14 
years. 

15  to  19 

years. 

20  to  24 
years. 

25  to 

29 
years. 

30  to 

34 
years. 

35  to 

39 
years. 

40  to 

44 
years. 

45  to 

49 
years. 

50 
years 
and 
over. 

Age 

Total. 

Male. 

Female. 

known. 

895 

484 

411 

34 

101 

123 

147 

139 

84 

75 

43 

34 

23 

71 

21 

10 

4 

4 

210 

29 

7 
13 
9 
9 

153 

33 

41 

2 

106 
42 
17 
12 

1 

12 

170 

11 

6 

1 

2 

97 

14 

1 
9 
7 
5 

96 

17 

20 

1 

63 

24 

7 

3 

io" 

97 
4 

4 

3 

2 

113 

15 

6 
4 
2 
4 

57 

16 

21 

1 

43 
18 
10 
9 

1 
2 

73 

7 

1 

1 

1 

5 

i' 

42 
5 

1 

1 

""38" 
2 

2 

1 

2 

27 

4 

1 

1 

7 
1 

3 

1 

13 
1 

29 

7 

31 

6 

6 
1 

3 

9 

5 

i 

Cancer  and  other  malignant  tumors     

3 
5 
6 

1 

1 

1 

5 
1 

1 

General  paralysis  of  the  insane 

1 

2 

10 
2 
4 

1 

1 

4 

2 

9 
7 
7 

31 
4 
3 

3 

28 
5 
2 

1 

33 

5 

5 

1 

16 
3 
3 

Epilepsy        

8 

6 

2 

4 
2 
6 
1 

6 
3 

4 
8 

5 

All  otfier  diseases  of  the  nervous  system 

1 

1 

7 
1 

2 
4 

1 
1 

3 

Diseases  of  the  arteries  (arteriosclerosis, etc.) 

Pneumonia  (all  forms)              

U 

4 

IS 
4 

17 
5 

21 

8 
2 

10 
3 
2 

3 

i' 

4 
2 
4 

7 
2 

2 

3 
2 
1 

2 

2 

1 

Senility 

1 
3 
5 

1 

■"■'io' 

3 

36 

1 

26' 

2 
35 

1 

2 
22 
2 

1 

7 

1 
9 
4 

7 

1 

10 

2 

1 

1 

GENERAL  TABLES. 


211 


Table  14.— Feeble-Minded  Enumerated  in  Institutions  on 
January  1,  1910,  Classified  by  Source  of  Support,  by 
Divisions  and  States. 


FEEBLE-MrNDED  ENTJMERATED  IN  INSTITUTIONS   ON 
JANUABY  1,  1910. 

pmsION  AND  STATE. 

Iggregate. 

At  public 
expense. 

U  public 

and 
private 
expense. 

At 
private 
expense. 

Un- 
niown. 

United  States 

20,731 

17,228 

1,782 

1,680 

41 

Geographic  omsioNs: 

2,012 

6,766 

5,941 

3,906 

584 

330 

19 

160 

1,013 

1,808 
6,001 
4,863 
2,801 
627 
250 

76 
197 
443 
917 
5 

119 

501 

624 

124 

52 

77 

19 

12 

92 

9 

7 

11 

4 

\fi(l(ilp  Atlantic   

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

3 

113 
805 

32 
112 

3 
4 

Pacific 

New  England: 

62 
144 

61 
137 

1 
3 

3 

1 

1,464 

48 

294 

3,421 

640 

2,705 

1,526 
1,135 
1,205 
986 
1,029 

1,194 

1,189 

612 

145 

1,341 
29 
240 

3,369 

403 

2,229 

1,140 

1,084 

793 

935 

911 

733 

1,185 

372 

100 

16 

17 
40 

31 
94 

72 

385 
37 

100 
2 
10 

18 
143 
400 

1 

4 
3 

Middle  Atlantic: 

4 

East  Noeth  Central: 

1 

13 

403 

51 

97 

1 

9 

21 
461 

West  North  Central: 

2 
112 

2 

28 
36 

416 
420 

226 
236 

219 
173 

1 

10 

1 

South  Atlantic: 

310 

290 

5 

15 

Virginia 

West  Virginia 

North  Carolina 

CO 
214 

24 

213 

36 

1 



East  South  Central: 

283 
47 

200 
44 

77 

3 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

19 

51 

64 

19 

Mountaik: 

22 
49 

29 

Idaho 

W  yoming 

Colorado 

New  Mexico 

i2 

3 

45 

42 

3 

PAcmc: 

159 

68 

101 

854 

747 

11 

92 

4 

Table  15.— Feeble-Minded  Admitted  to  Institutions  in 
1910,  Classified  by  Source  of  Support,  by  Divisions  and 
States. 


FEEBLE-MINDED  ADMITTED  TO  INSTTTtrnONS 
IN  1910. 

DIVISION  AND  STATE. 

Aggregate. 

1 

At  public 
expense. 

it  public 

and 
private 
expense. 

At 
private 
expense. 

Un- 
aiown. 

United  States 

3,825 

2,994 

390 

399 

42 

Geogeaphic  divisions: 

640  ■ 
1,152  1 

909 

624 
89 

135 
11 
71  1 

194  t 

528 
1,025 
663 
452 
70 
105 

84 
33 
78 
131 
1 

14 
88 
163 
32 
16 
25 
10 
4 
47 

14 

6 

East  North  Central 

West  North  Central 

5 
9 
2 

East  South  Central 

West  South  Central 

5 

1 

33 
29 

34 
117 

Pacific       

1 

New  England: 

83 

46  I 

82 
40 

1 

6 

458  1 
6 
47  ! 

629 
106 

417  1 

150 
102 
207  1 
204  ' 
246 

207 

201 
CO 
47 

366 

5 

35 

014 
38 
373 

91 
92 
110 

189 
181 

108 
194 
34 
37 

65 
1 

12 

4 
10 

19 

58 
6 
9 
1 
4 

98 

13 

14 

Middle  Atlantic: 

8 
58 
22 

! 
4 

86 
11 
61 

3 

3 

East  North  Central: 
Ohio 

Illmcis 

2 
3 

West  North  Central: 

1 

7 

4 

8 

21 
2 

1 

ii  1 

86  ' 

1 

9 

70 

14 

7 

9 

South  Atlantic: 

22 

20 

2 

Virginia.... 

19 
48 

5 
45 

i4 

1 

2 

East  South  Central: 

88 
49 

61 
44 

25 

5 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

West  South  Central: 

11 
49 

1 
33 

10 

Mountain: 

Montana 

16 

Colorado 

9 

6 

3 

Utah 

13 

12 

1 

Pacific: 

Washington 

28 

2 

26 

166 

!              115  1                3 

47 

1 

INDEX. 


Acquittal  on  account  of  insanity,  pro\i8ions 
concerniu|;,  93,  94. 

Administrative  agencies  liaving  oversight  of 
insane,  general,  65. 

Admissions  of  feeble-minded  to  institutions 
during  1910,  184;  by  divisions,  185,  186; 
persons  admitted  to  public  and  private 
institutions  in  each  state,  185,  193;  ratio 
to  total  population,  186-188;  classification 
according  to  age,  187,  201,  203;  according 
to  race  and  nativity,  188,  189,  193,  198, 
201, 208 ;  native  wliite  admitted ,  by  parent- 
age, 188,  189,  198,  201,  208;  classification 
according  to  sex,  189, 193 ,  198, 201, 208;  sex 
ratio  for  each  population  class,  189;  native 
and  foreign-bom  white  admitted,  by  age, 
189;  physically  defective  persons  among, 
190, 205;  classification  according  to  marital 
condition,  208;  according  to  source  of  sup- 
port, 211. 

Admissions  of  insane  to  hospitals  during 
1910,  16;  by  divisions,  16,  19,  24,  43,  44; 
by  states,  16,  19,  109;  comparison  with 
1904,  19;  classification  according  to  age 
at  enumeration,  22-24,  63,  131,  135,  14l; 
according  to  age  when  first  admitted  to 
insane  hospital,  22,  133,  137;  factors 
affecting  statistics,  24;  statistics  as  an 
index  of  insanity,  24;  classification  ac- 
,  cording  to  race  and  nati\-ity,  25,  37,  109, 
126;  native  and  foreign-bom  white  ad- 
mitted, by  age,  26,  28;  foreign-bom  white, 
by  country  of  birth,  31,  32,  129;  foreign- 
bom  white,  by  time  in  United  States,  32, 
33;  white  and  negro,  34,  35;  native  white, 
by  parentage,  37,  39, 126;  sex  distribution, 
40-44, 109;  classification  according  to  liter- 
acy, 45,  148;  percentage  of  illiteracy 
among,  46,  47;  classification  according  to 
marital  condition,  47,  144;  according  to 
prior  residence,  49,  51-53,  138,  140,  141; 
average  age  of  persons  admitted,  60;  classi- 
fication according  to  duration  of  present 
attack,  60, 160,  IGl ;  according  to  number  of 
previous  admissions,  61,  156;  persons  ad- 
mitted to  public  and  private  hospitals 
in  each  state,  109,  123;  males  admitted, 
by  prior  occupation,  150;  females,  by  prior 
occupation,  153. 

ratio  to  total  population:  for  states,  16, 

19;  comparison  with  1904,  19;  for  age 
groups,  23,  24;  for  race  and  nativity 
groups,  25-30,  34-37,  39,  40,  51;  for  per- 
sons bom  in  specified  countries,  31,  32; 
for  immigrants  distributed  by  time  in 
United  States,  33;  for  males  and  females, 
41-14;  for  urban  and  rural  communities, 
49-53. 

Adult  population,  proportion  in  insane  hos- 
pitals, 27;  deaths  in,  with  per  cent  dis- 
tribution by  cause,  63. 

Age,  per  cent  distribution  of  population  by, 
22;  native  and  foreign-born  white  popu- 
lation by,  26,  27;  influence  of  age  distribu- 
tion of  foreign-bom  white  upon  ratio  of 
admissions  to  insane  hospitals,  27,  31,  36, 
38;  effect  upon  ratios  of  admissions  for 
classes  of  white  population,  38. 

insane  in  hospitals  classified  according 

to:  total  number,  22,  23,  63;  ratio  of  in- 
naates  to  total  population,  for  age  groups, 
23;  ratio  of  admissions  to  total  population, 
forage  groups,  23,  24;  number,  by  divi- 
sions, 24,  131;  ratio  to  total  insane  in  each 
age  group  in  1890,  25;  native  and  foreign- 


bom  white  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in 
1910,  26,  37 ;  ratio  of  admissions,  for  native 
and  foreign-born  white  of  each  age  group, 
26,  29,  36,  37,  40;  hypothetical  number  of 
admissions  of  foreign-born  white  upon 
basis  of  age  distribution  of  native  white, 
27;  white  and  negro  insane  admitted  to  hos- 
pitals in  1910,  35;  ratio  of  admissions,  for 
negroes  of  each  age  group,  36,  37;  number, 
by  race,  nativity,  and  parentage,  37,  134, 
135;  ratio  of  admissions,  for  males  and 
females  of  each  age  group,  41,  42;  num- 
ber, by  sex,  42,  134,  135,  141;  effect  of 
age  distribution  upon  percentage  of  illit- 
eracy, 45;  insane  having  general  paralysis 
or  alcoholic  psychosis,  55-58,  174,  177, 
179;  average  age  at  admission,  60;  aver- 
age age  of  insane  inmates,  60;  deatlis 
among,  63,  164,  166;  number  of  insane, 
by  states,  130,  131;  by  prior  residence, 
141;  discharges  among,  172. 

Age,  feeble-minded  in  institutions  classified 
according  to :  number,  with  ratio  of  inmates 
and  admissions  to  total  population,  for  age 
groups,  187;  native  and  foreign-bom  white, 
189;  total  number,  by  sex,  189, 200, 201;  by 
race,  nativity,  and  parentage,  200,  201; 
by  divisions  and  states,  202,  203;  deaths 
among,  210. 

Age  at  first  admission  to  any  insane  hos- 
pital, insane  classified  by,  22,  132,  133, 
136,  137. 

Agencies  having  oversight  of  insane,  general, 
64,  65;  local,  68;  institutional,  68-71. 

Alabama,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
"Alabama  Insane  Hospitals,"  65;  provi- 
sion concerning  removal  of  discharged 
Eatients  from  hospitals,  85.  See  also 
tates. 

AlcohoUc  psychosis,  insane  admitted  to  hos- 
pitals in  1910  having:  number,  53;  ratio  to 
total  insane  admitted,  53-56,  58;  ratio  to 
total  population,  53-58;  number,  by  di- 
visions, 54,  176;  by  prior  residence,  54, 
178;  by  age,  55,  57",  177;  by  sex,  56,  57, 
177, 178;  by  race,  nativity,  and  parentage, 
58,  176,  177;  by  states,  1^6;  number  hav- 
ing also  general  paralysis,  179. 

Almshouses,  insane  in,  15, 16, 18;  authorities 
controlling,  68;  states  ha\'ing  pro\'isions  for 
care  of  insane  in,  72,  73;  insane  depart- 
ments of,  72,  73;  feeble-minded  in,  183, 
185,  187. 

Appeals,  from  orders  of  commitment,  82; 
for  discharge  of  patients  claimed  to  be 
sane,  84;  for"  discharge  of  unrecovered 
patients,  85. 

Arizona,  data  concerning  Board  of  Control, 
65;  provision  for  appeal  from  order  of  com- 
mitment, 82.    See  also  States. 

Arkansas,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospital,  34;  data  concerning 
Board  of  Trustees,  65;  pro\isions  concern- 
ing discharge  of  patients  from  hospital,  84, 
85.    See  also  States. 

Arteries,  diseases  of,  deaths  from,  in  adult 
population,  63;  among  insane  in  hospitals, 
63,  169;  among  feeble-minded  in  institu- 
tions, 190,  210. 

.Austria-Hungary,  natives  of,  in  total  popu- 
lation, 31,  32;  among  insane  in  hospitals, 
31,  32,  128,  129;  proportion  of  insane 
among  natives  of,  31,  32. 

Authorities  committing  insane  to  state  hos- 
pitals, 76,  79,  81. 


Birthplace.    .See  Country  of  birth. 

Blind,  among  feeble-minded  in  institutions, 
190,  204,  205. 

Boarding  out,  of  insane,  by  hospital  authori- 
ties, 74. 

Boards  of  control,  general  character  of  duties, 
64. 

Bright's  disease.    See  Nephritis. 

CaUfomia,  data  concerning  state  agencies 
having  oversight  of  insane,  65;  detention 
places  for  alleged  insane,  72;  psycho- 
pathic probation  officers,  77;  provision 
concerning  hearing  of  paroled  patient,  85; 
provision  concerning  removal  of  dis- 
charged patients  from  hospitals,  85.  See 
also  States. 

Canada,  natives  of,  in  total  population,  31, 
32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128, 
129;  proportion  of  insane  among  English 
and  French  Canadians,  31,  32. 

Cancer  and  other  malignant  tumora,  deaths 
from,  in  adult  population,  63;  among  in- 
sane in  hospitals,  63,  168;  among  feeble- 
minded in  institutions,  190,  210. 

Capital  punishment,  states  forbidding,  103; 
provisions  concerning  insanity  in  case  of 
persons  awaiting,  103. 

Care  of  insane,  provisions  for,  72-74. 

Causes  of  deatlis,  of  adults  in  general  popula- 
tion, 63;  of  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  168; 
of  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190,  210. 

Census  of  insane,  scope,  11;  comparison 
with  earlier  censuses,  11. 

Cerebral  hemorrhage  and  softening,  deaths 
from,  in  adult  population,  63;  among  in- 
sane in  hospitals,  63,  168;  among  feeble- 
minded in  institutions,  190,  210. 

Charities,  state  boards  of,  having  oversight 
of  insane,  64,  65. 

Children,  per  cent  in  total  population,  by 
divisions,  18. 

Chronic  insane,  hospitals  for,  72,  73. 

Cities,  large,  increase  in  number  and  in  rela- 
tive population,  14.  See  also  Urban  com- 
munities. 

Classes  committed  to  insane  hospitals,  varia- 
tion in  practice,  15;  provisions  concern- 
ing, 74,  75. 

Color,  insane  in  hosjiitals  classified  accord- 
ing to,  34,  35,  37;  by  age,  35;  by  sex,  for 
each  specified  institution,  108,  109;  per- 
sons discharged  from  insane  hospitals  in 
1910  classified  by,  162,  170;  insane  who 
died  in  hospitals  classified  by,  162,  164, 
166;  insane  transferred  classified  by,  162, 
163.    See  also  Race. 

Colorado,  data  concerning  State  Board  of 
Charities  and  Corrections,  66;  county 
boards  of  visitors  for  charitable  institu- 
tions, 68;  supervision  of  private  insane 
hospitals,  73;  provision  concerning  dis- 
charge of  patients  from  hospitals,  84.  See 
also  States. 

Colored  feeble-minded,  number  reported 
as  physically  defective,  204,  205.  See  alio 
Color  and  Race. 

Colored  insane,  males,  by  prior  occupation, 
1.50;  females,  by  prior  occupation,  153; 
number  having  geuenvl  paralysis  or  alco- 
holic p.sychosis,  173,  174,  176,  177.  See 
also  Color  and  Race. 

Commissioners  of  insanity,  county,  68. 

Commitment,  legal  procedure  in,  75;  pro- 
visions for  appeal  from,  82 ;  provisions  con- 
cerning cost  of,  82,  83. 

213 


214 


INDEX. 


Compenscitiou,  of  members  of  state  boards 
having  oversight  of  insane,  64,  65. 

Condition  at  discharge,  persons  discharged 
from  insane  ho3j)itals  classified  by,  170, 
172;  persons  discharged  from  feeble- 
minded institutions  classified  by,  190,  210. 

Connecticut,  data  concerning  State  Board  of 
Charities,  65,  60;  provisions  concerning 
suspension  of  commitment,  82;  appeal 
from  order  of  commitment,  82;  provision 
concerning  discharge  of  patient  from  hos- 
pital, 84.     See  also  States. 

Convicted  persons,  procedure  in  case  of  in- 
sanity of,  88. 

Cost  of  commitment  of  insane,  provisions 
concerning.  82,  83. 

Cost  of  maintenance  of  patients  in  insane 
hospitals,  provisions  concerning,  86. 

Country.     See  Rural  communities. 

Country  of  birth,  foreign-bom  white  popula- 
tion by,  31,  32;  foreign-born  white  insane 
in  hospitals  by,  31,  32,  128,  129;  ratio  of 
insane  in  hospitals  to  natives  of  each 
specified  country,  31,  32;  of  immigrants, 
influence  upon  insanity  ratios  for  foreign 
bom  grouped  according  to  time  in  United 
States,  33. 

County  almshouses,  authorities  controlling, 
68. 

County  and  city  hospitals  for  the  insane, 
number  of  insane  in,  21,  123;  number  in 
each  state,  122. 

County  boards  having  supervision  of  insane, 
68. 

County  homes,  departments  for  insane,  15. 

County  insane  hospitals,  states  having  pro- 
visions authorizing,  72;  states  having  pro- 
visions forbidding,  72;  number,  72,  73. 

Crime,  persons  charged  with,  procedure  in 
case  of  insanity,  87-93. 

Criminal  insane,  in  jails  or  penitentiaries  not 
enumerated,  15;  statement  of  tables  re- 
lating to,  64;  hospitals  for,  72,  73;  pro- 
visions concerning,  87-105. 

Crippled,  maimed,  or  deformed,  among 
feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190,  204, 
205. 

Deaf,  among  feeble-minded  in  institutions, 
190,  204,  205. 

Death  rates,  effect  on  ratio  of  inmates  of 
hospitals  to  general  population,  23;  effect 
on  sex  ratio  of  insane  in  hospitals,  41;  for 
insane  in  hospitals,  62,  63. 

Death  sentence,  provisions  concerning  in- 
sanity in  case  of  persons  under,  103. 

Deaths,  among  insane  in  hospitals:  number, 
16,  62;  by  states,  16, 109, 102, 108;  average 
age  of  insane  who  died  in  hospitals,  60; 
classification  by  age,  63,  164,  160;  by  sex, 
63, 109, 102;  by  cause,  63, 168;  number  in 
each  specified  hospital,  109;  classification 
by  color,  162;  of  male  insane,  by  color  and 
age,  164;  of  female  insane,  by  color  and 
age,  166. 

among  feeble-minded  in  institutions; 

number,  184;  classification  bjrsex,  190,  210; 
by  cause,  190,  210;  number  in  each  speci- 
fied institution,  by  states,  193;  classifica- 
tion by  age,  210. 

Defectives,  physical,  among  feeble-minded 
in  institutions,  190,  204,  205. 

Delaware,  comparison  of  white  and  negro  in- 
sane in  hospital,  34.    See  also  States. 

Denmark,  nativesof ,  in  total  population  and 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  31 ;  proportion 
of  insane  among  nati>'e8  of,  31. 

Deportation  of  immigrants  on  accoimt  of  in- 
sanity, 33. 

Derangement,  provisions  regarding  degree 
of,  for  persons  committed  to  hospitals, 
74,  75. 

Detention  hospitals,  provisions  for,  72,  73; 
voluntary  commitment  to,  in  Minnesota, 
77. 


Diabetes,  deaths  from,  in  adult  population, 
63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  108. 

Diarrhea  and  enteritis,  deaths  from,  in  adult 
population,  63;  among  insane  in  hospitals, 
63,  109;  among  feeble-minded  in  institu- 
tions, 190,  210. 

Discharges  from  insane  hospitals:  number, 
16,  62;  by  states,  16,  109,  162,  170;_  aver- 
age age  of  persons  discharged  from  insane 
hospitals,  GO;  classification  by  condition  at 
discharge,  02,  170,  172;  legal  provisions 
concerning,  84-86;  number  from  each  speci- 
fied hospital,  by  sex,  109;  classification  by 
sex,  109,  162,  170,  172;  by  color,  102,  170; 
by  age,  172. 

of    feeble-minded    from    institutions: 

number,  184;  by  sex,  custody  to  which 
committed  and  condition  at  discharge, 
190,  210;  number  from  each  specified  in- 
stitution, by  states,  193. 

District  of  Columbia,  high  ratio  of  insane  to 
total  population  explained,  15;  comparison 
of  white  and  negro  insane  in  hospital,  34; 
data  concerning  Board  of  Charities,  GO. 
See  also  States. 

Divisions.     See  Geographic  divisions. 

Duration  of  present  attack,  insane  in  hospi- 
tals classified  by,  00,  160,  161. 

Dysentery,  deaths  from,  in  adult  population, 
63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  108; 
among  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190, 
210. 

England  and  Wales,  natives  of,  in  total  pop- 
iilation,  31,  32;  among  insane  in  hospitab, 
31,  32,  128,  129;  proportion  of  insane 
among  natives  of,  31,  32. 

Enumerators,  estimated  omissions  in  re- 
tiums  of  insane  in  1890,  13. 

Epilepsy,  deaths  from,  in  adult  population, 
63;  among  insane  in  hospitals, _ 63,  169; 
among  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190, 
210. 

Epileptics,  among  feeble-minded  in  institu- 
tions, 190,  204,  205;  hospitals  for,  among 
hospitals  reporting  insane,  72,  73;  states 
excluding  noninsane,  from  insane  hospi- 
tals, 75. 

Erysipelas,  deaths  from,  in  adult  popula- 
tion, 63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63, 
168;  among  feeble-minded  in  institutions, 
190,  210. 

Executive  officers  of  state  insane  hospitals, 
appointment  and  qualifications,  70. 

Expenses  of  insane  _  patients  in  hospitals, 
provisions  concerning  payment  of,  86. 

Feeble-minded  inmates  of  institutions,  total 
number,  183;  scope  of  census,  183;  com- 
parison with  previous  censuses,  183,  186, 
187;  number  of  institutions  for,  183,  184; 
number  in  almshouses,  183, 187;  in  public 
and  private  institutions,  184,  185;  num- 
ber, by  states,  185,  186,  196,  202;  by  divi- 
sions, 185, 186, 196,  202,  200;  ratio  to  total 
population,  180-188;  distribution  among 
special  institutions  and  almshouses,  by 
divisions,  187;  distribution  by  age,  187, 200, 
202;byraceandnati\dtv,  188, 192, 190,200, 
200;  sex  distribution,  189,  192,  196,  200, 
201;  native  and  foreign-born  white,  by  age 
and  sex,  with  sex  ratios,  189;  physically 
detective  among,  190,  204;  discharges,  190, 
193,  210;  deaths,  190, 193,  210;  number  in 
each  specified  public  and  private  institu- 
tion, by  sex,  race,  and  nativity,  192;  trans- 
fers, 193,  210;  distribution  of  inmates  by 
marital  condition,  200;  by  source  of  sup- 
port, 211.  See  also  Admissions  of  feeble- 
minded to  institutions. 

Feeble-mindedness,  definition,  183. 

Female  insane  in  hospitals,  percentage  sin- 
gle among,  compared  with  that  for  males, 
48;  distribution  of  number  admitted  in 
1910  by  prior  occupation,  49,153;  deaths 
among,  166.    See  also  Sex. 


Florida,  comparison  of  white  and  negro  in- 
sane in  hospital,  34;  data  concerning  Board 
of  Commissioners  of  State  Institutions,  66. 
See  also  States. 

Foreign-born  white  feeble-minded  in  insti- 
tutions, comparison  with  native  white, 
188,  189.    See  also  Nativity  ajid  Race. 

Foreign-born  white  insane  in  hospitals,  25; 
compared  with  native  white  insane,  for 
age  groups,  20_,  27,  29;  influences  affecting 
ratios  of  admi.ssions  to  hospitals,  27;  hy- 
pothetical number  of  admissions  com- 
puted on  basis  of  age  distribution  of  native 
white,  27;  compared  with  native  white  in- 
sane, by  divisions,  28,  29,  43;  compared  • 
with  native  white  insane,  by  states,  30;  dis- 
tribution by  country  of  birth,  31,32,128, 
129;  by  time  in  United  States,  32,  33; 
compared  with  negro  insane,  30,  43;  com- 
pared with  native  white  insane  of  native 
parentage  and  native  white  insane  of 
foreign  or  mixed  parentage,  37^0;  ratios 
of  admissions  of  males  and  females  to  hos- 
pitals compared,  by  divisions,  43;  admis- 
sions to  hospitals  from  urban  and  rural 
communities  compared  with  statistics  for 
native  white,  51.  See  also  Nativity  and 
Race. 

France,  natives  of,  in  total  population,  31, 
32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128, 
129;  proportion  of  insane  among  natives 
of,  31,  32. 

General  paralysis  of  insanej  insane  admitted 
to  hospitals  in  1910  having:  number,  53; 
ratio  to  total  insane  admitted,  53-56,  58; 
ratio  to  total  population,  53-58;  number,  by 
divisions,  54,  173,  175;  by  prior  residence, 
54,  175;  by  age,  55,  57,  174;  by  sex,  56,  57, 
174, 175;  by  race,  nativity,  and  parentage, 
58, 173, 174;  by  states,  173;  number  having 
also  alcoholic  psychosis,  179. 

deatlis  from:  in  adult  population,  63; 

among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  168;  among 
feeble-minded  in  institutions^  190,  210. 

Geographic  divisions,  insane  m  hospitals: 
comparison  of  ratios  to  total  population 
with  composition  of  population,  18;  rank 
of  divisions  according  to  ratios  of  insane 
inmates  and  admissions  to  total  popula- 
tion, 18;  comparison  vvith  1904,  19,  20; 
age  distribution,  24;  native  and  foreign- 
born  white  compared,  28,  30,  38-40;  ratio 
to  total  population,  for  native  and  foreign- 
born  white,  29;  foreign-born  white,  by 
country  of  birth,  32;  white  and  negro  com- 
pared, 34,  36;  sex  distribution,  43,  51,  142, 
144, 156;  distribution  by  race  and  nativity, 
43,  142,  144,  156;  illiteracy  among,  46,  47, 
146,  148;  distribution  by  marital  condi- 
tion, 48,  142,  144;  by  prior  residence,  49, 
53;  number  having  general  paralysis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis,  54,  59,  175,  178;  num- 
ber reporting  previous  admission,  61,  156; 
discharges  from  hospitals,  62 ;  native  white, 
by  parentage,  142,  144,  150;  deaths  among, 
102,  108. 

feeble-minded  in  institutions:  number, 

185-187;  distribution  by  race  and  nativity, 
188,  200,  208;  physically  defective 
among,  190,  204,  205;  distribution  by  sex 
and  marital  condition,  206,  208;  native- 
white,  by  parentage,  200,  208;  deaths,  dis- 
charges, and  transfers  among,  210.  See 
also  statistical  references  under  States. 

Georgia,  comparison  of  white  and  negro  in- 
sane in  hospitals,  34;  supervision  of  private 
insane  hospitals,  73.  See  also  States. 
Germany,  natives  of,  in  total  population,  31, 
32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128, 
129 ;  proportion  of  insane  among  natives  of, 
31,  32. 
Great  Britain,  natives  of,  in  total  popula- 
tion, and  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31; 
proportion  of  insane  among  natives  of, 
31. 


INDEX. 


215 


Habeas  corpus  proceedings,   for  release  of 

insane  patients,  85. 

Harmless  insane,  regulations  restricting  ad- 
mission to  insane  hospitals,  75. 

Heart,  organic  diseases  of,  deaths  from,  in 
adult  population,  63;  among  insane  in  hos- 
pitals, 63,  169;  among  feeble-minded  in 
institutions,  190,  210. 

Hospitals  for  insane,  number  canvassed,  11; 
classes,  15,  122,  123;  number  of  insane  in- 
mates and  admissions,  for  each  class,  21, 
122,  123;  location  affects  ratios  of  admis- 
sions for  different  counties,  50;  insane 
classified  by  time  spent  in,  59,  60,  154; 
boards  controlling  public,  by  states,  69; 
provisions  regarding  chief  omcers  of  state 
hospitals,  70,  71;  pro\dsions  regarding 
maintenance  in  state  hospitals,  86;  list  of 
public  and  jsrivate  hospitals  in  each  state, 
with  movement  of  insane  population  for 
each,  108. 

Idaho.    See  States. 

Idiots,  states  where  legal  definition  of 
"insane  person"  includes,  74;  states 
where  not  suitable  patients  for  state  in- 
sane hospitals,  75;  states  providing  for 
their  admission  to  insane  hospitals,  75. 

Illinois,  data  concerning  state  boards  hav- 
ing oversight  of  insane,  65,66;  provision 
for  boarding  out  of  hospital  patient,  74. 
See  also  States. 

Illiteracy,  percentage  of.  among  insane  in 
hospitals,  45-47;  in  general  population, 
46,47.    See  also  Litera.cy. 

Immigrants,  insanity  among,  25-34;  large 
relative  proportion  among  insane  in  hos- 
pitals explained,  2G ;  numbers  debarred  and 
deported  on  account  of  insanity,  33.  See 
also  Foreign-born  white. 

Immigration  laws,  effect  upon  proportion 
of  foreign  born  admitted  to  insane  hos- 
pitals, 27,28;  classes  of  immigrants  de- 
barred or  deported  on  account  of  insanity, 
33;  exclusion  of  feeble-minded,  188. 

Indiana,  data  concerning  Board  of  State 
Charities,  66;  boards  of  county  charities 
and  corrections,  68.    See  also  States. 

Indians.    See  Race. 

Indictment,  persons  escaping,  by  reason  of 
insanity,  97. 

Inebriates,  admission  to  state  insane  hos- 
pitals, 75. 

Insane,  censuses,  11;  number  in  almshouses, 
by  states,  16;  proportion  in  hospitals  in 
1890,  25;  town  and  county  officials  charged 
with  oversight  of,  68;  provisions  for  care 
of,  72-74;  states  in  which  legal  definition 
includes  idiots,  74. 

inmates  of  hospitals:  scope  of  census, 

11; comparison  with  earlier  censuses, 11-13, 
19,  41;  total  number,  by  divisions  and 
states,  16,  21,  44.  124;  bv  age  at  enu- 
meration, 22,  23,  63,  130",  134;  by  age 
when  first  admitted  to  insane  hospital, 
22,  132,  136;  by  race  and  nativity,  25,  37, 
108, 124;  native  and  foreign-born  white,  by 
divisions,  28,  30;  foreign-born  white,  by 
country  of  birth,  31,  128;  white  and  negro, 
34;  native  white,  bv  parentage,  37,  124; 
sex  distribution,  4"l,  43,  44,  124;  illit- 
eracy among,  45-47,  146;  distribution  by 
marital  condition,  47,  48,  142;  number  in 
public  and  private  liospitals  in  each  state, 
108,  122;  males,  by  prior  occupation,  150; 
females,  by  prior  occupation,  1.53;  dis- 
tribution by  time  spent  in  hospitals,  154; 
discharges,  16,  62,  162,  170,  172;  deaths, 
16,  63, 162, 168;  transfers,  16,  162, 

ratio  of  inmates  of  hospitals  to  total 

population:  comparison  with  previous 
censuses,  12,  19,  21;  influences  affecting, 
15,  IS;  for  states,  16,  21;  for  divdsions,  16, 
18,  21;  for  age  groups,  23;  for  race  and  na- 
tivity groups,  25,  27,  42;  for  persons  born 


in  specified  countries,  31;  for  males  and 
females,  41-44.  See  also  Admissions  of 
insane  to  hospitals,  o?id  White  insane. 

Insanity,  inquiry  on  population  schedule 
concerning,  11;  question  of  increase  dis- 
cussed, 13,  14;  influences  affecting  preva- 
lence, IS;  admissions  to  hospitals  as  index 
of,  24;  immigrants  deported  on  account 
of,  33;  among  negroes,  34;  admissions  to 
hospitals  distributed  by  duration  of  pres- 
ent attack  of,  60,  160;  state  boards  of,  64, 
65;  county  commissioners  of,  68;  plea  of, 
in  criminal  cases,  87,  93 ;  provisions  regard- 
ing acquittal  on  account  of,  93;  as  cause 
for  failure  to  indict,  97;  of  sentenced  pris- 
oners, procedure,  97, 103. 

Insanity  boards,  states  having,  64. 

Institutional  agencies  controlling  insane 
hospitals,  68-71. 

Institutional  care  of  insane,  extension  of, 
14;  provisions  for,  15.  See  also  Hospitals 
for  insane. 

Institutions  for  feeble-minded,  increase  in 
number,  183;  tendency  toward  state  con- 
trol, 184;  number  of  public  and  private, 
184;  number  of  feeble-minded  in  alms- 
houses compared  with  number  in,  187; 
list  of  public  and  private  institutions  in 
each  state,  with  movement  of  population 
for  each,  192. 

Interstate  migration,  affects  relative  preva- 
lence of  insanity  in  different  sections,  18. 

Iowa,  ratio  of  insane  in  hospitals  to  general 
population  affected  by  provisions  for  pub- 
lic care  of  insane,  15;  data  concerning 
state  boards  having  oversight  of  insane, 
66;  county  commissioners  of  insanity,  6S. 
See  also  States. 

Ireland,  natives  of,  in  total  population,  31, 
32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128, 
129;  proportion  of  insane  among  natives  of, 
31,32. 

Italy,  natives  ofj  in  total  population,  31,  32; 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128,  129; 
proportion  of  insane  among  natives  of, 
31,32. 

Jury  trial  for  alleged  insane,  provisions  as  to, 
76,  79,  81. 

Kansas,  committee  for  visiting  state  insti- 
tutions, 64;  data  concerning  Board  of 
Control  of  State  Charitable  Institutions, 

65,  66.     See  also  States. 

Kentucky,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
State  Board  of  Control  for  Charitable 
Institutions,  66.     See  also  States. 

Laws  relating  to  care  of  insane,  summary, 
64-105. 

Legal  procedure  in  commitment  to  state  in- 
sane hospitals,  75-83. 

Licenses  for  private  insane  hospitals,  states 
requiring,  74. 

Literacv,  insane  in  hospitals  classified  bv, 
45,  47,  146,  148. 

Longview  Hospital,  provision  concern- 
ing, 72. 

Louisiana,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
State  Board  of  Charities  and  Corrections, 

66.  See  also  States. 

Lunacy  commissions,  states  having,  64. 

Maine,  data  concerning  state  boards  having 
oversight  of  insane,  65,  66,  67;  provisions 
concerning  removal  of  discharged  pa- 
tients from  hospitals,  85.    See  also  States. 

Maintenance,  of  patients  in  state  hospitals, 
provisions  concerning  payment,  86;  of 
feeble-minded  in  in.stitutions,  211. 

Male  insane  in  hospitals,  factors  affecting 
ratio  of  males  to  females  in  hospitals,  41; 


ratio  of  admissions  to  insane  hospitals 
compared  with  that  for  females,  42,  56; 
distribution  of  number  admitted  in  1910 
by  prior  occupation,  48,  150;  deaths 
among,  164.    See  also  Sex. 

Marital  condition,  insane  in  hospitals  classi- 
fied by,  47,  48,  142,  144;  per  cent  distribu- 
tion of  male  and  female  adult  popula- 
tion by,  48;  feeble-minded  in  institutions 
classified  by,  206,  208. 

Maryland,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
state  boards  having  oversight  of  insane, 
65,  66.     See  also  States. 

Massachusetts,  kinds  of  insane  institutions, 
15;  data  concerning  State  Board  of  In- 
sanity, 65,  66;  provision  for  boarding  out 
of  hospital  patients,  74;  provision  con- 
cerning inquiry  as  to  future  of  patient 
discharged  from  insane  hospital,  86;  cen- 
sus of  feeble-minded  by  State  Board  of 
Insanity,  183.    See  also  States. 

Medical  experience,  requirements  in  mem- 
bership of  state  boards  of  insanity,  65; 
requirements  for  chief  officers  of  state  in- 
sane hospitals,  70. 

Medical  testimony,  requirements  in  exam- 
ination of  alleged  insane  for  commit- 
ment to  general  state  hospitals,  76,  79,  81. 

Membership  of  state  boards  having  over- 
sight of  insane,  64,  65;  of  boards  con- 
trolling public  insane  hospitals,  69. 

Mental  alienation,  deaths  from,  in  adult 
population,  63;  among  insane  in  hospi- 
tals, 63,  168,  169;  among  feeble-minded 
in  institutions,  190,  210. 

Michigan,  joint  meetings  of  trustees  of 
insane  hospitals,  64;  data  concerning 
Board  of  Corrections  and  Charities,  66; 
provision  regarding  parole  of  pay  patients, 
84;  provision  concerning  removal  of  dis- 
charged patients  from  hospitals,  86.  See 
also  States. 

Middle  Atlantic  division,  ratios  of  admis- 
sions for  native  white  and  foreign-bom 
white  compared,  28.  See  also  Geographic 
divisions. 

Milwaukee  Hospital  for  Insane,  control  of, 
72. 

Minnesota,  data  concerning  state  boards 
having  oversight  of  insane,  66;  detention 
hospitals  for  insane,  72;  provision  for 
boarding  out  of  hospital  patients,  74; 
voluntary  commitment  to  detention  hos- 
pitals, 77.     See  also  States. 

Mississippi,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34.    See  also  States. 

ilissouri,  data  concerning  State  Board  of 
Charities  and  Corrections,  65,  66;  county 
boards  of  visitors  for  charitable  institu- 
tions, 68.    See  aho  States. 

Montana,  data  concerning  State  Board  of 
Commissioners  for  Insane,  66.  See  also 
States. 

Municipal  institutions  for  insane,  number, 
72;  by  states,  73. 

Nationality  of  forei^-born  white  insane,  31; 
effect  of  diversities  in  racial  composition 
upon  ratio  of  admissions  to  insane  hos- 
pitals, 31.     See  also  Country  of  birth. 

Native  white  feeble-minded.    See  Nativity. 

Native  white  insane  in  hospitals,  25;  com- 
pared with  foreign-bom  white  insane,  for 
age  groups,  26,  27;  comparison  for  divi- 
sions, 28,  29,  43;  comparison  for  states,  30; 
classes  according  to  parentage  compared 
with  foreign-born  whites,  36-40;  ratios  of 
admissions  of  males  and  females  to  hospi- 
tals compared,  by  divisions,  42,  43;  ad- 
missions to  hospitals  from  urban  and 
rural  communities  compared  with  statis- 
tics for  foreign-bom  white,  51.  See  also 
Nativity  and  Race. 


216 


INDEX. 


Nativity,  white  insane  in  hospitals  classi- 
fied according  to:  number,  25,  27,  37; 
by  literacy,  45,  146,  148;  percentage  of 
illiteracy  among,  46,  47;  distribution  by 
prior  residence,  51,  52,  140;  insane  haviiig 
general  paralysis  or  alcoholic  psychosis, 
57-59,  173,  174,  176, 177, 179;  distribution 
by  duration  of  present  attack,  60, 161;  by 
report  aa to previousadmission,  61, 156;  by 
states,  108, 124, 126;  by  divisions,  124, 126, 
142, 144;  by  sex,  134-137, 142, 144,  156;  by 
age  at  enumeration,  134, 135;  by  age  when 
first  admitted  to  insane  hospital,  136,  137; 
by  marital  condition,  142,  144;  males 
admitted  in  1910,  by  prior  occupation, 
150;  females,  by  prior  occupation,  153. 

feeble-minded  in  institutions  classified 

according  to:  number,  187,  188;  by  divi- 
sions, 188, 196,  198;  by  sex,  189,  196, 198, 
200,  201,  206,  208;  by  states,  192, 193, 196, 
198;  by  age,  200,  20i;  number  physically 
defective,  204, 205;  distribution  by  marital 
condition,  206,  208.  See  also  Native  white 
insane  and  Foreign-born  white  insane. 
Nebraska,  data  concerning  state  boards  hav- 
ing oversight  of  insane,  66,  67;  county 
commissioners  of  insanity,  68.  See  also 
States. 
Negro  insane,  25;  comparison  with  white  in- 
sane, for  divisions,  34,  43;  for  the  North 
and  South,  35,  36;  for  age  periods,  35;  fac- 
tors affecting  ratios  of  admissions  to  insane 
hospitals,  35,  36;  comparison  with  foreign- 
born  white,  36;  ratios  of  admissions  of 
males  and  females  to  hospitals  compared, 
by  divisions,  43;  hospitals  for.  72,  73. 
See  also  Color  and  Race. 
Nephritis,  deaths  from,  in  adult  population, 
63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  169; 
among  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190, 
210. 
Nervous  system,  diseases  of,  deaths  from,  in 
adult  population,  63;  among  insane  in 
hospitals,  63,  168,  169;  among  feeble- 
minded in  institutions,  190,  210. 
Nevada,  data  concerning  Board  of  Commis- 

eioners,  66.    See  also  States. 
New  England,  ratios  of  admissions  to  hospi- 
tals for   native   white   and   foreign-born 
white  compared.  28;  ratios  of  admissions 
for  foreign  parentage  classes  compared,  40; 
classification  of  communities  as  urban  and 
rirral,  50.    See  also  Geographic  divisions. 
New    Hampshire,    data    concerning    state 
boai'ds  having  oversight  of  insane,  65,  66, 
67;  pro\asion  concerning  discharge  of  pa- 
tients from  hospital,  84;  procediue  follow- 
ing plea  of  insanity  in  criminal  cases,  87, 
90.     See  also  States. 
New  Jersey,  board  comprising  chiefs  of  state 
institutions  authorized,  64;  data  concern- 
ing Commissioner  of  Charities  and  Correc- 
tions, 66.    See  also  States. 
New  Mexico.    See  States. 
New  York,  kinds  of  institutions  for  insane, 
15;  deportation  of  aUen  insane  inmates  of 
institutions,    33;    visitors    to    state   hos- 
pitals, 64;  data  concerning  State  Hospital 
Commission,  65,  66;  procedure  following 
plea  of  insanity  in  criminal  cases,  87,  90. 
See  also  States. 
Nonresident  insane  persons,  provisions  con- 
cerning admission  to  state  hospitals,  77. 
North,  comparison  of  statistics  for  white  and 

negro  insane,  35,  36. 
North  Carolina,  comparison  of  white  and 
negro  insane  in  hospitals,  34 ;  data  concern- 
ing state  boards  having  oversight  of  insane, 
66.  See  also  States. 
North  Dakota,  ratio  of  insane  in  hospitals  to 
general  population,  15;  data  concerning 
Board  of  Control  of  State  Institutions,  65, 
67;  county  commissioners  of  insanity,  68. 
See  also  States. 


Norway,  natives  of,  in  total  population  and 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  31;  proportion 
of  insane  among  natives  of,  31. 

Notification  of  alleged  insane  before  commit- 
ment proceedings,  states  requiring,  76. 

Occupation  prior  to  admission  to  hospital, 
insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in  1910  classi- 
fied by,  48;  factors  affecting  occupational 
distribution  of  insane,  49;  male  insane 
admitted  to  hospitals  classified  by,  150; 
female  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  classi- 
fied by,  153. 

Ohio,  data  concerning  state  boards  having 
oversightof  insane,  65, 66,  67;  county  boards 
of  visitors  for  charitable  institutions,  68; 
provisions  for  detention  hospitals,  73; 
supervision  of  private  insane  hospitals,  73; 
provisions  concerning  discharge  of  patients 
from  insane  hospitals,  84.     See  also  States. 

Oklahoma,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
Commissioner  of  Charities  and  Corrections, 
66;  county  commissioners  of  insanity,  68. 
See  also  States. 

Oregon,  data  concerning  Oregon  State  Board 
of  Control,  67;  licensing  of  private  insane 
hospitals,  74;  provision  for  appeals  in 
lunacy  proceedings,  82.    See  also  States. 

Paralytic,  among  feeble-minded  in  institu- 
tions, 190,  204,  205. 

Parentage,  native  white  insane  in  hospitals 
classified  according  to:  classes  distin- 
guished, 36;  compared  with  total  popu- 
lation, 37,  39;  compared  with  foreign- 
born  white  insane,  37-40;  nmuber,  by  age 
at  enumeration,  37,  134,  135;  by  divisions, 
39,  124,  126,  142,  144,  156;  by  literacy,  45, 
146,  148;  percentage  of  illiteracy  among, 
46,  47;  insane  having  general  paralysis  or 
alcoholic  psychosis,  58,  173,  174,  176,  177, 
179;  distribution  by  duration  of  present 
attack,  60,  161;  by  report  as  to  previous 
admission,  61,  156;  by  states,  124,  126;  by 
sex,  134-137,  140,  142;  by  age  when  first 
admitted  to  insane  hospital,  136,  137;  by 
prior  residence,  140;  by  marital  condition, 
142,  144;  males  admitted  in  1910,  by  prior 
occupation,  150;  females,  by  prior  occupa- 
tion, 153. 

native  white  feeble-minded  in  institu- 
tions classified  according  to:  number,  188; 
by  sex,  189,  196,  198;  by  states,  196,  198; 
by  divisions,  196,  198,  206;  by  age,  200, 
201;  number  physically  defective,  204, 
205;  distribution  by  marital  condition, 
206,  208. 

Parole  of  patients  in  hospitals,  provisions 
concerning.  83,  84. 

Paupers,  insane  in  almshouses,  16, 18;  feeble- 
minded in  almshouses,  185. 

Pay  patients,  admission  to  insane  hospitals 
without  judicial  proceedings,  77. 

Pennsylvania,  data  concerning  Board  of 
Public  Charities,  65,  66;  county  boards  of 
visitors  for  charitable  institutions,  68;  pro- 
vision for  psychopathic  wards  in  hospitals 
for  sick,  73;  provision  for  appeal  from  order 
regarding  care  of  insane  person,  82.  See 
also  States. 

Physically  defective  feeble-minded.  See 
Defectives,  physical. 

Physicians,  returns  as  to  insane  in  1880,  12, 
13.  See  also  Medical  experience  and  Med- 
ical testimony. 

Plea  of  insanity,  provisiona  concerning  pro- 
cedure, 87,  93. 

Pneumonia,  deaths  from,  in  adult  popula- 
tion, 63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63, 169; 
among  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190, 
210. 

Poland,  natives  of,  among  insane  in  hospi- 
tals, .31,  128,  129. 


Population ,  16 ;  increase  in ,  19 ,  20 ;  distribution 
by  age,  22,  23;  by  race  and  nativity,  25, 
37;  sex  ratio,  40, 189;  number  of  males  and 
females,  41;  percentage  of  illiteracy  in,  46; 
distribution  by  residence,  49. 

Population  schedule,  inquiry  as  to  insanity, 

Postal  regulations  for  the  protection  of  in- 
mates, states  having,  87. 

Previous  admission  to  insane  hospitals,  in- 
sane classified  according  to,  61,  156. 

Prisoners,  sentenced,  procedure  upon  dis- 
covery of  insanity,  by  states,  97,  103. 

Private  hospitals  for  insane,  proportion  of  in- 
stitutional insane  in,  21;  states  providing 
for  supervision  of,  73;  movement  of  popu- 
lation in  each  specified  hospital,  by  states, 
108;  total  number  in  each  state,  with  aver- 
age number  of  inmates  and  admissions  per 
hospital,  122. 

Private  institutions  for  feeble-minded,  num- 
ber in  each  state,  185;  movement  of  popu- 
lation in  each  specified  institution,  by 
states,  192. 

Psychopathic  hospitals,  for  observation  of 
insane,  72. 

Psychopathic  probation  ofiicers,  provision  in 
California  concerning,  77. 

Psychopathic  wards,  in  general  hospitals,  15, 
73. 

Public  hospitals  for  insane,  classes,  15,  72, 
73,  122;  boards  controlling,  by  states,  69; 
movement  of  population  in  each  specified 
hospital,  by  states,  108. 

Public  institutions  for  feeble-minded,  num- 
ber in  each  state,  185;  movement  of  popu- 
lation in  each  specified  institution,  by 
states,  192. 

Race,  insane  in  hospitals  classified  according 
to:  number,  25,  37;  ratio  to  total  popula- 
tion for  each  group,  27,  37;  distiibution 
by  age  at  enumeration,  37,  134,  135;  by 
literacy,  45,  146,  148;  percentage  of  illiter- 
acy among  insane  of  each  class,  46,  47; 
distribution  by  prior  residence,  51,  52, 140; 
insane  having  general  paralysis  or  alco- 
hohc  psychosis,  57-59,  173,  174,  176,  177, 
179 ;  insane,  by  report  as  to  previous  admis- 
sion, 61,  156;  by  states,  122,  124,  126;  by 
divisions,  124,  126,  142,  144,  156;  by  sex, 
134-137,  140,  142,  144,  156,  161;  by  age 
when  first  admitted  to  insane  hospital, 
136,  137;  by  marital  condition,  142,  144; 
males  admitted  in  1910,  by  prior  occupa- 
tion, 150;  females,  by  prior  occupation, 
153;  distribution  by  duration  of  present 
attack,  161. 

feeble-minded  in  institutions  classified 

according  to:  number,  187,  188;  by  sex, 
189,  196,  198,  200,  201,  206,  208;  by  states, 
192,  196,  198;  by  divisions,  196,  198,  206, 
208;  by  age,  200,  201;  number  physically 
defective,  204,  205;  distribution  by  maii- 
tal  condition,  206,  208.  See  also  Color, 
Foreign-born  white  insane,  and  Native 
white  insane. 

Recovery  from  insanity,  variations  in  use  of 
term,  62.     See  also  Condition  at  discharge. 

Recurrence  of  insanity.  See  Previous  ad- 
mission to  insane  hospitals. 

Registration  area,  deaths  of  adults  in,  from 
leading  causes,  63. 

Removal  of  patients  to  homes,  provisions 
concerning,  85,  86. 

Residence,  insane  admitted  to  hospitals  in 
1910  classified  according  to:  comparison 
with  distribution  of  population,  49;  distri- 
bution by  divisions,  50,  51,  52;  by  sex,  50, 
51,  138,  140,141;  by  race  and  nativity,  51, 
52, 140;  by  states,  52,  53, 138;  by  age,  141; 
insane  having  general  paralysis  or  alco- 
holic psychosis,  54,  55,  175,  178. 


INDEX. 


217 


Rhode  Island,  data  concerning  Board  of 
State  Charities  and  Corrections,  66.  See 
also  States. 

Rural  communities,  increa.se  in  population 
compared  with  that  for  urban  communi- 
ties, 14;  use  of  term,  49;  population  of,  49; 
distribution  of  population  51.  See  also 
Residence. 

Russia,  natives  of,  per  cent  distribution  by 
mother  tongue,  31;  number  in  total  popu- 
lation, 31,  32;  among  insane  in  hospitals, 
31,  32,  128,  129;  proportion  of  insane 
among  natives  of,  31,  32. 

Scandinavian  countries,  natives  of,  in  total 
population,  31,  32;  among  insane  in  hos- 
pitals, 31,  32,  128,  129;  proportion  of  in- 
sane among  natives  of,  31,  32. 

Schedules,  kinds  used  for  census  of  insane, 
11. 

Scotland,  natives  of,  in  total  population,  31, 
32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32,  128, 
129;  proportion  of  insane  among  natives 
of,  31,  32. 

Senility,  deaths  from,  in  adult  population, 
63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  169; 
among  feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190, 
210. 

Sex,  insane  in  hospitals  classified  according 
to:  number,  40;  sex  ratios,  40,  41;  com- 
parison with  previous  censuses,  41;  ratio 
to  total  population,  41;  distribution  by 
age  at  enumeration,  41,  42,  134,  135,  141; 
by  race  and  nativity,  42,  43, 124, 126, 134- 
137;  by  divisions,  43,  44,  51;  by  states,  44, 
108,  124,  126;  by  marital  condition,  47,  48, 
142,  144;  by  prior  residence,  50,  51,  138, 
140,  141;  insane  having  general  paralysis 
or  alcoholic  psychosis,  55,  56,  174,  175, 
177-179;  distribution  by  time  spent  in 
hospitafe,  59,  154;  by  report  as  to  previous 
admission,  61,  156;  deaths  among,  109, 
162;  discharges  among,  109,  162,  170,  172; 
transfers  among,  109,  162;  insane,  by  age 
when  first  admitted  to  insane  hospital,  136, 
137;  by  literacy.  146,  148;  by  duration  of 
present  attack.  161. 

feeble-minded  in  institutions  classified 

according  to:  number,  189;  discharges,  190, 
210;  feeble-minded,  by  states,  192,  196, 
198;  by  divisions,  196,  198;  by  race,  nativ- 
ity, and  parentage,  196,  198,  200,  201;  by 
age,  200,  201;  number  physically  defective, 
204,205;  distribution  by  marital  condition, 
206,  208;  deaths,  210;  transfers,  210. 

South,  comparison  of  statistics  for  white  and 
negro  insane,  35,  36. 

South  Carolina,  comparison  of  white  and 
negro  insane  in  hospital,  34.  See  also 
States. 

South  Dakota,  data  concerning  state  boards 
having  oversight  of  insane,  66;  county 
commissioners  of  insanity,  68.  See  also 
States. 

Special  agents  for  census  of  insane,  appoint- 
ment of,  11. 

State  hospitals  for  insane,  proportion  of  in- 
stitutional insane  in,  21;  provisions  re- 
garding qualifications  of  executive  officers, 
70;  total  number,  72,  73;  procedure  in 
commitment  to,  78;  number  m  each  state, 
with  average  number  of  inmates  and  ad- 
missions per  hospital,  122. 

States,  insane  in  hospitals:  comparison  of 
statistics,  15-18;  ratio  to  total  population, 
16;  number  discharged,  10,  109,  162,  170; 
number  who  died,  16,  109,  1G2,  164,  166, 
168;  number  transferred,  16,  109,  162; 
comparison  with  previous  censuses,  19-21; 


native  and  foreign-born  white  compared, 
30;  sex  distribution,  44,  124,  126,  138,  154; 
distribution  by  prior  residence,  52,  53, 138; 
movement  of  population  in  each  specified 
public  and  private  hospital,  108;  number 
of  insane  in  each  class  of  hospitals,  with 
average  number  of  inmates  and  admis- 
sions per  hospital,  122;  distribution  by 
race,  nativity,  and  parentage,  124,  126; 
foreign-born  wliite,  by  country  of  birth, 
128,  129;  distribution  by  age  at  enumera- 
tion, 130,  131;  by  age  when  first  admitted 
to  insane  hospital,  132,  133;  by  time  spent 
in  hospitals,  1.54;  by  duration  of  present 
attack,  160;  number  having  general  paraly- 
sis, 173;  number  having  alcohohc  psy- 
chosis, 176. 

States,  laws  relating  to  insane:  general  ad- 
ministrative or  supervisory  agencies,  65; 
institutional  boards,  69;  qualifications  of 
chief  executive  officers  of  state  hospitals, 
70;  claasesof  public  hospitals,  73;  supervi- 
sion of  private  insane  hospitals,  73;  list  of 
states  in  which  legal  definition  of  "insane 
person"  includes  idiots,  74;  provisions 
regarding  classes  committed  to  insane 
hospitals,  74,  75;  admission  of  inebriates, 
drug  users,  and  epileptics  to  state  hos- 
pitals. 75;  notification  of  alleged  insane 
before  commitment  proceedings,  76;  ad- 
mission of  pri\-ate  pay  patients  to  state 
hospitals,  77;  voluntary  commitment,  77; 
procedure  in  commitment  to  general  state 
hospitals.  78;  appeal  from  order  of  commit- 
ment, 82;  cost  of  commitment,  82,  83; 
conveying  patients  to  hospitals,  83;  pa- 
role of  insane  patients.  S3,  84;  appeal  for 
discharge  of  patient  claimed  to  be  sane, 
84;  appeal  for  discharge  of  unrecovered 
patient,  85;  habeas  corpus  proceedings,  85; 
expenses  of  removing  discharged  patients, 
86;  cost  of  maintenance  of  patients  in 
state  hospitals,  86;  postal  privileges  of  in- 
mates, 87;  procedure  in  case  of  insanity  of 
persons  charged  with  crime,  etc.,  88;  plea 
of  insanity  in  criminal  cases,  93;  acquittal 
on  ground  of  insanity,  94;  procedure  when 
persons  escape  indictment  by  reason  of 
insanity,  97;  procedure  when  prisoners 
serving  time  become  insane,  97;  procedure 
when  prisoners  sentenced  to  death  become 
insane,  103. 

feeble-minded  in  institutions:  provi- 
sions for,  184;  number  in  public  and  pri- 
vate institutions  and  in  almshouses,  185; 
comparison  ■n-ith  previous  census,  186; 
movement  of  population  in  each  specified 
public  and  private  institution,  192;  num- 
ber, by  sex,  race,  nativity,  and  parentage, 
196,  198;  by  age,  202,  203;  by  source  of 
support,  211. 

Suicides,  number  in  adult  population,  63; 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  169;  among 
feeble-minded  in  institutions.  190,  210. 

Support,  source  of,  feeble-minded  in  insti- 
tutions classified  by,  211. 

Sweden,  natives  of,  in  total  population  and 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  31 ;  proportion 
of  insane  among  natives  of,  31. 

Switzerland,  natives  of,  in  total  population, 
31,  32;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  31,  32, 
128,  129;  proportion  of  insane  among  na- 
tives of ,  31.  32. 

Tennessee,  comparison  of  white  and  negro 
insane  in  hospitals,  34;  visitors  to  state 
hospitals,  64;  data  concerning  Board  of 
State  Charities,  67;  licensing  of  private 
insane  hospitals,  74.     See  also  States. 


Texas,  comparison  of  white  and  negro  insane 
in  hospitals,  34;  provision  regarding  dis- 
charge of  patients  from  insane  hospitals, 
84.     <See  a(so  States. 

Time  spent  in  insane  hospitals,  insane  class- 
ified by,  59,  154;  approximate  average  for 
insane  in  hospitals,  60. 

Town  officials  controlling  almshouses,  68. 

Transfers,  from  insane  hospitals,  15,  16, 109, 
162;  from  institutions  for  feeble-minded, 
184,  193,  210. 

Transportation,  of  patients  to  insane  hospi- 
tals, provisions  concerning.  83;  of  patients 
to  homes,  85,  86. 

Trial,  procedure  incase  of  insanity  of  persons 
undergoing,  88. 

Tuberculosis  of  the  lungs,  deaths  from,  in 
adult  population,  63;  among  insane  in  hos- 
pitals, 63,  168;  among  feeble-minded  in 
institutions,  190,  210. 

Typhoid  fever,  deaths  from,  in  adult  popu- 
lation, 63;  among  insane  in  hospitals,  63, 
1G8;  among  feeble-minded  in  institutions, 
190,  210. 

Urban  communities,  use  of  term,  14;  in- 
crease in  population  compared  with  that 
for  rural  communities,  14;  percentage  liv- 
ing in,  for  classes  of  white  population,  39; 
population  of,  49;  distribution  of  popula- 
tion, 51.  See  also  Residence  prior  toad- 
mission  . 

Utah,  data  concerning  Board  of  Insanity,  67. 
See  also  States. 

Verdict  of  acquittal  on  ground  of  msanity, 
provisions  concerning,  94-96. 

Vermont,  data  concerning  state  boards  hav- 
ing oversight  of  insane,  65,  67;  appeal 
from  decision  of  physicians  in  insanity 
cases,  82.     See  also  States. 

Violent  deaths,  in  adult  population.  63; 
among  insane  in  hospitals,  63,  169;  among 
feeble-minded  in  institutions,  190,  210. 

Virginia,  comparison  of  white  and  negro  in- 
sane in  hospitals,  34;  data  concerning 
state  boards  having  oversight  of  insane, 
67.     See  also  States. 

Visitors,  county  boards  of,  having  oversight 
of  insane,  68. 

Voluntary  commitment  to  insane  hospitals, 
states  having  provisions  for,  77. 

Washington,  data  concerning  State  Board  of 
Control,  67;  provision  concerning  removal 
of  discharged  patients  from  hosjiitals,  85. 
See  also  States. 

West,  comparison  of  statistics  for  white  and 
negro  insane,  35. 

West  Virginia,  comparison  of  white  and 
negro  insane  in  hospitals,  34;  committee 
for  investigating  insane  hospitals,  64;  data 
concerning  State  Board  of  Control,  67. 
See  also  States. 

White  feeble-minded.    See  Race. 

White  insane,  ratio  to  total  population  and 
totiil  insane,  25;  comparison  with  negro  in- 
sane, 34-36.  See  also  Color,  Foreign-bom 
white  insane.  Native  white  insane,  and 
Race. 

Wisconsin,  public  institutions  for  insane.  15; 
data  concerning  state  boards  having  over- 
sight of  insane,  65,  67.    See  also  States. 

Women,  as  members  of  state  boards  having 
oversight  of  insane,  65. 

Wyoming,  data  concerning  Stale  Board  of 
Charities  and  Reform,  67;  provision  con- 
cemingremoval  of  discharged  patientfrom 
hospital,  85.    See  also  States. 


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